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簡介

廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群位于遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧省遼(liao)(liao)(liao)西(xi)走廊錦(jin)州市古塔區老(lao)城。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)2900平方(fang)米。該寺(si)(si)(si)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)于隋(sui)大(da)業七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（611年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），初(chu)名(ming)普(pu)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)，遼(liao)(liao)(liao)清寧年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)（1055-1064年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）重建(jian)(jian)，歷(li)經明清兩代(dai)(dai)多次維修，現存(cun)大(da)部為(wei)(wei)明清建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群以(yi)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)主體，包括廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)塔、天(tian)(tian)(tian)后(hou)(hou)宮、昭忠祠(ci)。寺(si)(si)(si)塔建(jian)(jian)于遼(liao)(liao)(liao)清寧三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1057年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），體量大(da)，工藝(yi)(yi)精美，具遼(liao)(liao)(liao)代(dai)(dai)風(feng)格。天(tian)(tian)(tian)后(hou)(hou)宮建(jian)(jian)于清雍(yong)正(zheng)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1725年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），磚、石、木雕刻(ke)精美，是(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)方(fang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區最大(da)的天(tian)(tian)(tian)后(hou)(hou)宮。昭忠祠(ci)建(jian)(jian)于清光(guang)緒二(er)十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1898年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），為(wei)(wei)紀念甲(jia)午戰爭(zheng)中犧牲將士而建(jian)(jian)，為(wei)(wei)全國僅見(jian)。主要建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)還(huan)有(you)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)、大(da)殿(dian)、北(bei)庭、配殿(dian)等。它們(men)從各方(fang)面(mian)反映了當地(di)(di)(di)(di)歷(li)史文(wen)化面(mian)貌，具有(you)豐富內(nei)涵和(he)較高研究價值。 廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群為(wei)(wei)全國重點文(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單(dan)位。它由廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)及塔、天(tian)(tian)(tian)后(hou)(hou)宮、昭忠祠(ci)和(he)觀(guan)音閣組成(cheng)，占地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)8140平方(fang)米，共有(you)房(fang)屋68間(jian)，古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)2599平方(fang)米。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)布局為(wei)(wei)塔寺(si)(si)(si)合(he)一(yi)(yi)，保存(cun)完好，國內(nei)少見(jian)。以(yi)塔為(wei)(wei)軸線，建(jian)(jian)有(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)、關帝殿(dian)、大(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian)。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)西(xi)側為(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)后(hou)(hou)宮，是(shi)(shi)(shi)我國北(bei)方(fang)最大(da)的媽(ma)祖廟，建(jian)(jian)于清雍(yong)正(zheng)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)(gong)元1725年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）。其(qi)(qi)(qi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)格局集我國南北(bei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)之(zhi)大(da)成(cheng)，內(nei)外(wai)雕刻(ke)極其(qi)(qi)(qi)精美，可謂是(shi)(shi)(shi)鬼斧(fu)神工，精美絕倫(lun)。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)東(dong)側建(jian)(jian)有(you)昭忠祠(ci)及碑(bei)亭，建(jian)(jian)于清光(guang)緒二(er)十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)(gong)元1898年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）。碑(bei)亭內(nei)存(cun)有(you)國內(nei)唯一(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)處(chu)記錄中日甲(jia)午陸戰的紀事(shi)碑(bei)。古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群中舉辦有(you)《甲(jia)午忠魂(hun)》、《媽(ma)祖文(wen)化》、《遼(liao)(liao)(liao)西(xi)抗(kang)日義勇軍之(zhi)歌》、《遼(liao)(liao)(liao)西(xi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區民間(jian)工藝(yi)(yi)品(pin)》、《宗(zong)教藝(yi)(yi)術》等展(zhan)覽。  錦(jin)州市博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館名(ming)勝風(feng)景區成(cheng)立于1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),是(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)綜(zong)合(he)性(xing)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館。館藏文(wen)物(wu)(wu)萬余件，其(qi)(qi)(qi)中商代(dai)(dai)連珠紋(wen)青銅戈和(he)青銅鈴(ling)俎為(wei)(wei)國內(nei)孤品(pin)，現已成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)鎮館之(zhi)寶(bao)。

廣濟寺古建筑群保護

濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)是(shi)遼(liao)寧省遼(liao)西地區(qu)最(zui)古老、完整的(de)(de)(de)塔寺(si)(si)(si)合(he)一的(de)(de)(de)寺(si)(si)(si)廟建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)，位于(yu)(yu)古塔區(qu)老城北街(jie)，占地1 公頃(qing)，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面積約2900 平方(fang)(fang)米。該(gai)寺(si)(si)(si)肇建(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)隋大(da)業辛未七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（611 年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）初(chu)名(ming)“普濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)”，遼(liao)清(qing)寧年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)，歷經(jing)明清(qing)多次維修，現存大(da)部分為(wei)(wei)明清(qing)所(suo)建(jian)(jian)。該(gai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)是(shi)以廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體(ti)，包(bao)括廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)塔、天(tian)后(hou)宮(gong)(gong)和(he)昭忠祠。寺(si)(si)(si)塔建(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)遼(liao)清(qing)寧三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，天(tian)后(hou)宮(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)清(qing)雍正三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，昭忠祠建(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)清(qing)光緒二十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。主(zhu)要建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)包(bao)括廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)中路的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)王殿、大(da)殿以及兩側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)北庭、配殿等(deng)。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)塔體(ti)量(liang)碩大(da)，工藝精(jing)美，具有(you)遼(liao)代風格。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)雖經(jing)歷代重(zhong)修，但基本(ben)為(wei)(wei)原(yuan)來(lai)規模，雄偉莊(zhuang)重(zhong)。天(tian)后(hou)宮(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)北方(fang)(fang)地區(qu)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)，磚(zhuan)、石、木雕刻(ke)尤為(wei)(wei)精(jing)美。昭忠祠是(shi)光緒為(wei)(wei)甲(jia)午(wu)戰爭中犧牲的(de)(de)(de)將士(shi)所(suo)建(jian)(jian)，為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)(guo)僅(jin)見。這些(xie)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)多方(fang)(fang)面地反(fan)映了當地的(de)(de)(de)歷史、科(ke)學(xue)和(he)文化面貌，具有(you)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)內涵和(he)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)歷史研(yan)究價值。 2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月31日錦州(zhou)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)成為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點文物(wu)(wu)保護單(dan)位始建(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)遼(liao)代的(de)(de)(de)錦州(zhou)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)日前正式入(ru)選(xuan)第五批國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點文物(wu)(wu)保護單(dan)位。據新華社(she)報道,廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)位于(yu)(yu)錦州(zhou)市博物(wu)(wu)館內，由國(guo)(guo)內著(zhu)名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)塔寺(si)(si)(si)合(he)一的(de)(de)(de)古剎——廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)及廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)塔、北方(fang)(fang)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)媽祖廟——錦州(zhou)天(tian)后(hou)宮(gong)(gong)、全國(guo)(guo)唯一的(de)(de)(de)紀念中日甲(jia)午(wu)戰爭我陸戰將士(shi)的(de)(de)(de)祠堂(tang)——昭忠祠、紀事碑亭等(deng)組成。

“九五”以來主要保護內容

廣濟(ji)寺(si)古(gu)建筑群維修及天后(hou)宮彩(cai)繪保護及規劃(hua)。

現存主要問題

油飾嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)脫落。 散水(shui)缺(que)失，椽(chuan)頭(tou)糟朽(xiu)，望(wang)板30％糟朽(xiu)，椽(chuan)子毀(hui)壞25％，瓦壟脫節(jie)，柱子表面(mian)油飾龜裂、局(ju)部脫落。 前(qian)(qian)檐壓(ya)面(mian)石嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)風(feng)化(hua)(hua)。 南面(mian)臺階風(feng)化(hua)(hua)、碎裂嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，壓(ya)面(mian)石嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)風(feng)化(hua)(hua)錯(cuo)位，表面(mian)脫落一層；天花(hua)板彩(cai)繪(hui)脫落，多處(chu)粉碎。 前(qian)(qian)檐壓(ya)面(mian)石全(quan)部酥堿(jian)。 欄板望(wang)柱全(quan)部遺失；兩山墻向內凸，內墻面(mian)凸凹不平；西次間(jian)后坡下金檁(lin)、檐檁(lin)劈裂長；屋面(mian)長草、漏(lou)雨，脫節(jie)，35％屋面(mian)毀(hui)壞。

壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)石(shi)嚴(yan)重風(feng)(feng)化、表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)脫(tuo)落，欄桿風(feng)(feng)化，散水遺(yi)失(shi)(shi)。 拜殿(dian)臺(tai)基松動、高低不(bu)平、地伏石(shi)全(quan)部毀壞。 前(qian)檐(yan)(yan)踏垛石(shi)、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)石(shi)風(feng)(feng)化，后(hou)檐(yan)(yan)臺(tai)明(ming)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)石(shi)遺(yi)失(shi)(shi)，散水無存, 室內墁地方磚凸凹不(bu)平。 由(you)于長年沒有大門(men)對觀音殿(dian)的保護十(shi)分(fen)不(bu)利(li)，現利(li)用(yong)中殿(dian)做為大門(men)對外開放。中殿(dian)散水遺(yi)失(shi)(shi)，臺(tai)明(ming)完整，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)石(shi)松動錯(cuo)位，大部分(fen)風(feng)(feng)化嚴(yan)重。東(dong)西(xi)配殿(dian)散水遺(yi)失(shi)(shi)，后(hou)檐(yan)(yan)臺(tai)明(ming)遺(yi)失(shi)(shi)，東(dong)配殿(dian)前(qian)檐(yan)(yan)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)石(shi)毀壞2 塊。 正殿(dian)后(hou)檐(yan)(yan)臺(tai)明(ming)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)石(shi)遺(yi)失(shi)(shi)，散水無存。  

由于(yu)年(nian)久失修，排水不暢，整體上缺(que)乏有效的保護措施，造(zao)成天(tian)后宮(gong)基礎下沉，院(yuan)內其(qi)他建筑均(jun)有不同(tong)程度的基礎沉降。現院(yuan)內地面低(di)于(yu)外部地表。

“十一五”期間主要保護內容

廣(guang)濟寺拜(bai)殿、關(guan)帝殿維修(xiu)(xiu)、天后宮(gong)一進院(yuan)東西配(pei)殿維修(xiu)(xiu)、天后宮(gong)大殿維修(xiu)(xiu)、天后宮(gong)大殿維修(xiu)(xiu)、廣(guang)濟寺圍墻(qiang)、排(pai)水(shui)及其他維修(xiu)(xiu)、觀音殿維修(xiu)(xiu)。