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簡介

廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群位于遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)省遼(liao)(liao)(liao)西(xi)(xi)走廊錦(jin)州(zhou)市古塔(ta)區(qu)(qu)(qu)老城。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面積(ji)2900平(ping)方(fang)米。該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)創建(jian)(jian)(jian)于隋大(da)業七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（611年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），初(chu)名普(pu)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)，遼(liao)(liao)(liao)清寧(ning)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間（1055-1064年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）重建(jian)(jian)(jian)，歷(li)經明(ming)清兩代(dai)多次維(wei)修(xiu)，現存(cun)大(da)部為明(ming)清建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群以(yi)廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)為主體，包括廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)、天(tian)(tian)后宮(gong)(gong)(gong)、昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)忠(zhong)(zhong)祠(ci)(ci)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)建(jian)(jian)(jian)于遼(liao)(liao)(liao)清寧(ning)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1057年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），體量大(da)，工(gong)(gong)藝精(jing)美(mei)，具遼(liao)(liao)(liao)代(dai)風格。天(tian)(tian)后宮(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)于清雍正(zheng)(zheng)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1725年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），磚(zhuan)、石、木雕刻精(jing)美(mei)，是(shi)(shi)北方(fang)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)最大(da)的(de)天(tian)(tian)后宮(gong)(gong)(gong)。昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)忠(zhong)(zhong)祠(ci)(ci)建(jian)(jian)(jian)于清光緒(xu)二(er)(er)十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1898年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），為紀念甲午(wu)戰爭中犧牲將士而建(jian)(jian)(jian)，為全國(guo)(guo)僅見。主要建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)還有(you)(you)(you)廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)天(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)、大(da)殿(dian)、北庭(ting)、配殿(dian)等(deng)。它(ta)們從各方(fang)面反(fan)映了當地(di)歷(li)史文化面貌，具有(you)(you)(you)豐富內(nei)(nei)涵(han)和較高研究價(jia)值。 廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群為全國(guo)(guo)重點文物保(bao)護單位。它(ta)由廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)及塔(ta)、天(tian)(tian)后宮(gong)(gong)(gong)、昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)忠(zhong)(zhong)祠(ci)(ci)和觀(guan)音閣組成(cheng)，占地(di)面積(ji)8140平(ping)方(fang)米，共有(you)(you)(you)房屋68間，古建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面積(ji)2599平(ping)方(fang)米。廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)布局為塔(ta)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)合一，保(bao)存(cun)完(wan)好，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)少見。以(yi)塔(ta)為軸線(xian)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)、關(guan)帝殿(dian)、大(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian)。廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)西(xi)(xi)側為天(tian)(tian)后宮(gong)(gong)(gong)，是(shi)(shi)我國(guo)(guo)北方(fang)最大(da)的(de)媽(ma)祖廟，建(jian)(jian)(jian)于清雍正(zheng)(zheng)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1725年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）。其(qi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)格局集我國(guo)(guo)南北建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)之大(da)成(cheng)，內(nei)(nei)外雕刻極其(qi)精(jing)美(mei)，可謂是(shi)(shi)鬼斧(fu)神工(gong)(gong)，精(jing)美(mei)絕倫。廣(guang)(guang)濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)東(dong)側建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)忠(zhong)(zhong)祠(ci)(ci)及碑亭，建(jian)(jian)(jian)于清光緒(xu)二(er)(er)十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1898年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）。碑亭內(nei)(nei)存(cun)有(you)(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)唯一一處記(ji)錄(lu)中日甲午(wu)陸(lu)戰的(de)紀事碑。古建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群中舉(ju)辦有(you)(you)(you)《甲午(wu)忠(zhong)(zhong)魂(hun)》、《媽(ma)祖文化》、《遼(liao)(liao)(liao)西(xi)(xi)抗日義(yi)勇(yong)軍之歌》、《遼(liao)(liao)(liao)西(xi)(xi)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)民間工(gong)(gong)藝品》、《宗教藝術(shu)》等(deng)展(zhan)覽(lan)。  錦(jin)州(zhou)市博(bo)物館(guan)名勝風景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)成(cheng)立(li)于1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),是(shi)(shi)地(di)方(fang)綜合性博(bo)物館(guan)。館(guan)藏文物萬余件，其(qi)中商代(dai)連珠紋青(qing)銅戈和青(qing)銅鈴俎為國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)孤(gu)品，現已成(cheng)為鎮館(guan)之寶(bao)。

廣濟寺古建筑群保護

濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)是(shi)(shi)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)省(sheng)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)西地(di)區(qu)最古(gu)老(lao)、完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塔(ta)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)合(he)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)廟(miao)(miao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群，位于(yu)古(gu)塔(ta)區(qu)老(lao)城北(bei)(bei)街，占地(di)1 公頃，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積約2900 平方米。該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)肇建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)隋大(da)(da)業辛(xin)未七年（611 年）初名“普濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”，遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)清(qing)寧(ning)年間(jian)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，歷(li)經(jing)明清(qing)多次維修，現存大(da)(da)部分為(wei)明清(qing)所(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。該建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群是(shi)(shi)以廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)為(wei)主體，包括廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)、天(tian)后(hou)宮和昭(zhao)忠祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)清(qing)寧(ning)三年，天(tian)后(hou)宮建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)清(qing)雍(yong)正三年，昭(zhao)忠祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)清(qing)光緒二十(shi)四年。主要建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)包括廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)王殿、大(da)(da)殿以及兩(liang)側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)庭、配殿等。廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)體量碩(shuo)大(da)(da)，工藝精美，具有遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)代風(feng)格。廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)雖經(jing)歷(li)代重(zhong)修，但基本(ben)為(wei)原(yuan)來規模，雄偉莊重(zhong)。天(tian)后(hou)宮為(wei)北(bei)(bei)方地(di)區(qu)最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，磚、石、木雕刻(ke)尤為(wei)精美。昭(zhao)忠祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)是(shi)(shi)光緒為(wei)甲(jia)午戰爭中(zhong)犧(xi)牲(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)士所(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，為(wei)全國僅見。這些建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)多方面(mian)地(di)反映(ying)了當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史、科學和文化面(mian)貌，具有豐(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)涵和較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史研究價值(zhi)。 2002年1月(yue)31日(ri)(ri)錦(jin)州廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群成為(wei)國家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)點文物(wu)保護(hu)單位始建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錦(jin)州廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群日(ri)(ri)前正式入選第(di)五批國家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)點文物(wu)保護(hu)單位。據新華社報(bao)道,廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群位于(yu)錦(jin)州市博物(wu)館(guan)內(nei)，由國內(nei)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塔(ta)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)合(he)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)剎——廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)及廣濟(ji)(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)、北(bei)(bei)方最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)媽祖廟(miao)(miao)——錦(jin)州天(tian)后(hou)宮、全國唯一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)中(zhong)日(ri)(ri)甲(jia)午戰爭我(wo)陸戰將(jiang)士的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)堂——昭(zhao)忠祠(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)、紀(ji)(ji)事(shi)碑亭等組(zu)成。

“九五”以來主要保護內容

廣濟(ji)寺古建筑群維修及天后宮(gong)彩(cai)繪保護及規劃。

現存主要問題

油飾嚴(yan)重脫(tuo)落(luo)(luo)。 散(san)水缺失，椽頭(tou)糟朽(xiu)，望板30％糟朽(xiu)，椽子(zi)毀壞25％，瓦壟(long)脫(tuo)節，柱子(zi)表面(mian)(mian)油飾龜裂、局部脫(tuo)落(luo)(luo)。 前檐壓面(mian)(mian)石嚴(yan)重風化(hua)。 南(nan)面(mian)(mian)臺階風化(hua)、碎(sui)裂嚴(yan)重，壓面(mian)(mian)石嚴(yan)重風化(hua)錯(cuo)位，表面(mian)(mian)脫(tuo)落(luo)(luo)一層；天花(hua)板彩繪脫(tuo)落(luo)(luo)，多處粉碎(sui)。 前檐壓面(mian)(mian)石全部酥堿(jian)。 欄(lan)板望柱全部遺失；兩山墻向(xiang)內(nei)凸，內(nei)墻面(mian)(mian)凸凹不平；西次間后坡下金檁(lin)、檐檁(lin)劈裂長；屋面(mian)(mian)長草(cao)、漏雨，脫(tuo)節，35％屋面(mian)(mian)毀壞。

壓(ya)面石(shi)(shi)(shi)嚴重風(feng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、表面脫落(luo)，欄桿風(feng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，散水(shui)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)。 拜(bai)殿臺(tai)(tai)基(ji)松動、高(gao)低不(bu)平(ping)、地伏石(shi)(shi)(shi)全部毀(hui)壞(huai)。 前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)踏垛石(shi)(shi)(shi)、壓(ya)面石(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，后檐(yan)臺(tai)(tai)明(ming)壓(ya)面石(shi)(shi)(shi)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，散水(shui)無存, 室內墁地方磚凸凹(ao)不(bu)平(ping)。 由于長(chang)年沒有(you)大門(men)對(dui)觀音(yin)殿的保護十分不(bu)利(li)，現利(li)用中殿做(zuo)為(wei)大門(men)對(dui)外開放(fang)。中殿散水(shui)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，臺(tai)(tai)明(ming)完(wan)整，壓(ya)面石(shi)(shi)(shi)松動錯(cuo)位，大部分風(feng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)嚴重。東(dong)西配殿散水(shui)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，后檐(yan)臺(tai)(tai)明(ming)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，東(dong)配殿前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)壓(ya)面石(shi)(shi)(shi)毀(hui)壞(huai)2 塊。 正殿后檐(yan)臺(tai)(tai)明(ming)壓(ya)面石(shi)(shi)(shi)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，散水(shui)無存。  

由于年久(jiu)失修，排(pai)水不暢，整(zheng)體上缺乏有(you)效(xiao)的(de)保(bao)護措施，造(zao)成天后宮基(ji)礎下(xia)沉(chen)(chen)，院(yuan)內(nei)其他建筑(zhu)均有(you)不同程度的(de)基(ji)礎沉(chen)(chen)降。現院(yuan)內(nei)地(di)面低(di)于外部地(di)表。

“十一五”期間主要保護內容

廣濟(ji)寺拜殿(dian)(dian)、關帝(di)殿(dian)(dian)維(wei)修(xiu)、天(tian)后宮(gong)一進院東西配殿(dian)(dian)維(wei)修(xiu)、天(tian)后宮(gong)大(da)殿(dian)(dian)維(wei)修(xiu)、天(tian)后宮(gong)大(da)殿(dian)(dian)維(wei)修(xiu)、廣濟(ji)寺圍墻、排水及(ji)其他(ta)維(wei)修(xiu)、觀音(yin)殿(dian)(dian)維(wei)修(xiu)。