天 齊(qi) 廟(第(di)四(si)批省(sheng)保)。時代:元。地(di)址:孝(xiao)義市梧(wu)桐(tong)鎮中王屯村。始建(jian)(jian)年(nian)代不詳, 清(qing)康熙年(nian)間有(you)過大的修葺。坐北朝南,占地(di)面(mian)積(ji)15000平方(fang)米。主要建(jian)(jian)筑有(you)正(zheng)殿、樂樓,兩側(ce)為(wei)(wei)東西(xi)(xi)偏(pian)殿。正(zheng)殿為(wei)(wei)元代建(jian)(jian)筑。面(mian)闊(kuo)五間,進深四(si)架椽,單檐懸山頂。殿頂琉璃脊飾(shi),斗栱(gong)四(si)鋪作。殿內四(si)根柱子上泥塑(su)盤龍,東、西(xi)(xi)、北三(san)面(mian)墻繪有(you)16幅壁畫,面(mian)積(ji)60多平方(fang)米。
整座寺(si)廟坐北(bei)向(xiang)(xiang)南(nan),北(bei)高(gao)(gao)南(nan)低(di),南(nan)北(bei)長(chang)88.8米(mi),東西寬54米(mi),總(zong)面積約4790平(ping)方米(mi)。整體(ti)建筑嚴謹合理,中軸線(xian)排(pai)列:正殿(dian)(dian)、樂樓、東西偏殿(dian)(dian)。大殿(dian)(dian)坐北(bei)向(xiang)(xiang)南(nan),坐于(yu)寺(si)院內(nei)(nei)(nei)北(bei)部的(de)高(gao)(gao)臺之上(shang)(shang),是本寺(si)院主要的(de)建筑之一(yi),面闊五間(jian),進深(shen)六檐(yan)(yan)前帶廊懸(xuan)山頂(ding)。臺明的(de)高(gao)(gao)度較小,只設一(yi)層階石。大殿(dian)(dian)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)、外墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)為青磚跑砌,內(nei)(nei)(nei)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)身白灰抹面,在大殿(dian)(dian)的(de)兩側(ce)砌支(zhi)護矮墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)一(yi)道。殿(dian)(dian)頂(ding)鋪(pu)石砌琉璃脊(ji)瓦,檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)為單翹(qiao)垂昂斗拱。大殿(dian)(dian)門高(gao)(gao)3米(mi),寬2.8米(mi),殿(dian)(dian)外檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)6根撐柱(zhu)(zhu),每(mei)柱(zhu)(zhu)下(xia)都有(you)柱(zhu)(zhu)基,厚0.22米(mi),上(shang)(shang)雕(diao)鎮獸。大殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)有(you)元代方形(xing)木柱(zhu)(zhu),殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)四(si)(si)根撐柱(zhu)(zhu),上(shang)(shang)盤(pan)四(si)(si)條極富(fu)動態的(de)泥塑(su)盤(pan)龍(long)(long),每(mei)龍(long)(long)長(chang)3.1米(mi),龍(long)(long)色分別(bie)為紅、黃、紫、藍(lan)。大殿(dian)(dian)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia)形(xing)制分為兩種(zhong):明間(jian)、次(ci)間(jian)四(si)(si)架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)后接雙(shuang)步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)前接單步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),通檐(yan)(yan)共(gong)(gong)用四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)。雙(shuang)步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)單步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)插入金柱(zhu)(zhu)及前檐(yan)(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu),雙(shuang)步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)上(shang)(shang)施(shi)隔架(jia)(jia)科(ke)斗拱及托(tuo)腳承(cheng)托(tuo)下(xia)金檁(lin),前檐(yan)(yan)金檁(lin)由前檐(yan)(yan)金柱(zhu)(zhu)通過(guo)隔架(jia)(jia)科(ke)斗拱支(zhi)接承(cheng)托(tuo)。四(si)(si)架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)上(shang)(shang)施(shi)隔架(jia)(jia)科(ke)斗拱承(cheng)托(tuo)上(shang)(shang)金檁(lin)、三架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。三架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)上(shang)(shang)施(shi)瓜柱(zhu)(zhu)、角背(bei)、叉手及隔架(jia)(jia)共(gong)(gong)同承(cheng)托(tuo)脊(ji)檁(lin)。稍間(jian)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia)的(de)五架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)前后接單步梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),通檐(yan)(yan)共(gong)(gong)用四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)東、西、北(bei)三面共(gong)(gong)有(you)16幅壁畫,總(zong)面積60多平(ping)方米(mi),內(nei)(nei)(nei)容(rong)豐富(fu),繪(hui)畫書法藝術皆(jie)(jie)佳。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)塑(su)像(xiang)20尊(zun),身高(gao)(gao)皆(jie)(jie)在一(yi)丈外,在文化大革命(ming)時被毀壞(huai)。
院(yuan)內東(dong)西(xi)各有(you)偏殿三(san)間(jian)。院(yuan)南(nan)與(yu)大殿相對有(you)樂(le)樓一(yi)座,坐南(nan)面北,面闊三(san)間(jian),進深五椽,磚木結構(gou),單檐(yan)(yan)歇山頂,前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)(yan)出硬(ying)山抱廈。戲臺梁架(jia)(jia)為(wei)四架(jia)(jia)梁前(qian)(qian)接(jie)單步梁,四架(jia)(jia)梁上施(shi)(shi)角背、瓜柱(zhu)承(cheng)托三(san)架(jia)(jia)梁及上金(jin)檁。三(san)架(jia)(jia)梁上施(shi)(shi)角背、瓜柱(zhu)、叉手承(cheng)托脊檁。抱廈通(tong)過前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)(yan)柱(zhu)與(yu)前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)(yan)金(jin)柱(zhu)上施(shi)(shi)雙步梁承(cheng)托。戲臺前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)(yan)無裝(zhuang)修,后檐(yan)(yan)墻砌磚拱(gong)券,內設板門(men)(men)。金(jin)柱(zhu)設內裝(zhuang)修為(wei)隔板將戲臺分為(wei)前(qian)(qian)后臺。樂(le)樓前(qian)(qian)照壁高3.2米(mi),寬2.3米(mi),東(dong)西(xi)門(men)(men)寬4米(mi),深3.8米(mi),通(tong)高4.2米(mi),為(wei)磚木結構(gou)。
天齊廟具有(you)獨特的元代建筑(zhu)風(feng)格,尤其殿內裝(zhuang)飾的四條泥塑盤龍栩栩如生,為歷代建筑(zhu)所少見。