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簡介

據(ju)廟內元元統二年（1334）重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)碑記載，該廟創建于隋代，北宋初重(zhong)建圣母(mu)殿，建中靖國元年（1101）重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)。明崇禎五(wu)年（1632）進(jin)行(xing)了建廟以來規模大(da)的(de)一次(ci)維修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)。清代乃至民國年間(jian)亦(yi)多(duo)次(ci)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)繕。

建筑

廟座(zuo)北(bei)向南，為(wei)(wei)一進院。南北(bei)較短，東西較寬。前有山(shan)門戲樓，中為(wei)(wei)獻亭，北(bei)為(wei)(wei)圣母殿。兩(liang)則(ze)配(pei)以耳殿。

東(dong)西院(yuan)現存李靖王殿(dian)(dian)、三宮殿(dian)(dian)、閻君殿(dian)(dian)、十帥殿(dian)(dian)、關公(gong)殿(dian)(dian)、子孫殿(dian)(dian)及梳(shu)妝樓(lou)等建(jian)筑(zhu)。殿(dian)(dian)宇錯(cuo)落(luo)有致，殿(dian)(dian)頂(ding)形制各異。廟南(nan)、北、西三面(mian)(mian)懸(xuan)壁劈(pi)立，溝(gou)壑(he)縱橫(heng)，東(dong)面(mian)(mian)與場院(yuan)相連。山(shan)門(men)(men)戲(xi)樓(lou)之前為(wei)(wei)(wei)一條形平臺，臺下(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)青石(shi)拱(gong)(gong)券(quan)的三孔石(shi)窯(yao)，南(nan)向排列，67級青石(shi)踏跺呈45°斜面(mian)(mian)壘(lei)砌而(er)上(shang)(shang)，可直達山(shan)門(men)(men)。山(shan)門(men)(men)門(men)(men)洞(dong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)青磚拱(gong)(gong)券(quan)而(er)成，門(men)(men)上(shang)(shang)出(chu)抱廈形懸(xuan)檐(yan)，筒(tong)板瓦(wa)裝(zhuang)修。既(ji)是(shi)裝(zhuang)飾構(gou)件，又有遮雨避日之功效。山(shan)門(men)(men)門(men)(men)道從戲(xi)樓(lou)底(di)層明(ming)間(jian)開通，底(di)層兩(liang)次(ci)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)封(feng)閉式(shi)隔間(jian)。戲(xi)樓(lou)面(mian)(mian)闊三間(jian)，進深(shen)四架(jia)(jia)椽，單(dan)檐(yan)歇山(shan)頂(ding)。圓(yuan)(yuan)柱(zhu)方額，斗拱(gong)(gong)華麗，始(shi)建(jian)于北宋建(jian)中靖國年間(jian)。拜亭(ting)(ting)(ting)位居圣(sheng)母殿(dian)(dian)與舞(wu)樓(lou)之間(jian)。高臺筑(zhu)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)，四周青石(shi)壘(lei)砌，東(dong)西南(nan)三面(mian)(mian)出(chu)臺明(ming)，設踏跺。亭(ting)(ting)(ting)面(mian)(mian)闊三間(jian)，進深(shen)五間(jian)，廡(wu)殿(dian)(dian)頂(ding)建(jian)筑(zhu)。亭(ting)(ting)(ting)內徹上(shang)(shang)露(lu)明(ming)造，梁架(jia)(jia)裝(zhuang)修等全部構(gou)件均為(wei)(wei)(wei)裸(luo)露(lu)。石(shi)柱(zhu)圓(yuan)(yuan)梁，為(wei)(wei)(wei)原始(shi)材(cai)料砍制后而(er)使用，尚保留元代建(jian)筑(zhu)風格。亭(ting)(ting)(ting)頂(ding)灰脊灰獸，筒(tong)板布瓦(wa)裝(zhuang)修。

這種廡殿(dian)頂的建筑(zhu)。圣母殿(dian)居拜亭之(zhi)后(hou)，高臺筑(zhu)殿(dian)，廣深(shen)各三間，平面(mian)近方形(xing)(xing)，單檐九脊(ji)頂。柱礎(chu)覆盆式，蓮(lian)瓣雕(diao)刻較(jiao)(jiao)大，檐柱側角升起較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)明顯(xian)，梁架斗拱用材碩大，批竹式真昂承托梁架負荷，五(wu)抹(mo)頭麻葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)隔(ge)(ge)扇(shan)，破直棱窗(chuang)裝(zhuang)修，顯(xian)得十分(fen)古樸雄渾。殿(dian)頂滿覆琉璃脊(ji)獸，筒板(ban)布瓦、琉璃剪(jian)邊，舉折平緩。出檐深(shen)遠(yuan)，四翼而飛。雖經元(yuan)、明、清(qing)歷代(dai)(dai)重修，仍不失(shi)宋代(dai)(dai)建筑(zhu)風格。東院梳妝樓(lou)，坐(zuo)東向西(xi)，廣、深(shen)各三間，二(er)層四檐支出平座，木制欄桿(gan)圍欄，四面(mian)隔(ge)(ge)扇(shan)門窗(chuang)裝(zhuang)修，明間辟門，次間破直棱窗(chuang)，雕(diao)梁畫棟，玲瓏剔(ti)透。重檐歇山式屋頂，華麗(li)挺拔(ba)，引人(ren)注目，是明代(dai)(dai)樓(lou)閣式建筑(zhu)。其(qi)余殿(dian)宇多為(wei)三間面(mian)寬(kuan)，懸山式形(xing)(xing)制，屬元(yuan)明清(qing)時(shi)期的遺物(wu)。

歷史文物

廟(miao)(miao)內(nei)現存宋(song)、元、明、清及民(min)國(guo)年(nian)間重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修碑20余通(tong)，大多豎立于拜(bai)亭(ting)之(zhi)(zhi)內(nei)。碑文內(nei)容大都記載(zai)了(le)創修、增建及重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修廟(miao)(miao)堂的(de)歷史沿革(ge)和主要(yao)(yao)事宜。值得引起重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視的(de)是(shi)：宋(song)、元、明、清四朝建筑集于一廟(miao)(miao)，國(guo)內(nei)現存的(de)古代建筑中(zhong)為(wei)數不(bu)多，實屬珍貴。二是(shi)北(bei)宋(song)建中(zhong)靖(jing)國(guo)元年(nian)（1101）重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修碑中(zhong)記載(zai)，在宋(song)代重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修圣母殿的(de)同(tong)(tong)時就創建了(le)舞(wu)樓。這說明在宋(song)代戲(xi)劇藝(yi)術和舞(wu)蹈藝(yi)術就已經發(fa)展(zhan)到了(le)一定(ding)的(de)程度，并且與(yu)(yu)宗教(jiao)文化(hua)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)結合(he)在一起，互(hu)為(wei)依存，共同(tong)(tong)發(fa)展(zhan)。記載(zai)戲(xi)劇舞(wu)臺的(de)碑刻，在我(wo)省及國(guo)內(nei)極為(wei)少(shao)見(jian)。目(mu)前所知(zhi)除沁縣城內(nei)關帝廟(miao)(miao)宋(song)代建起戲(xi)臺的(de)記載(zai)外(wai)，就數平順九天(tian)(tian)圣母廟(miao)(miao)了(le)。三(san)是(shi)獻亭(ting)作廡殿頂形制(zhi)的(de)也尚(shang)屬少(shao)見(jian)，這是(shi)超規模(mo)的(de)設計與(yu)(yu)安排。九天(tian)(tian)圣母廟(miao)(miao)，作為(wei)山西省重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點文物保護單位(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)一，具(ju)有重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)保護與(yu)(yu)研究價值。