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簡介

山西省重點(dian)文物(wu)保(bao)護單(dan)位(wei)。在(zai)潞(lu)城縣東南(nan)5千米處的東邑鄉東邑村中，東北緊依盧醫山，西南(nan)與農(nong)舍毗鄰居，松柏蒼翠，綠(lv)樹成蔭(yin)，景色十分優雅(ya)。該廟創建(jian)年代(dai)不(bu)詳，金代(dai)以后(hou)多次重修。 始(shi)建(jian)年代(dai)不(bu)詳。廟坐(zuo)北朝南(nan)，兩進院落(luo)，存(cun)有山門、戲臺、正(zheng)殿，及(ji)耳殿、廂房等。正(zheng)殿面闊三(san)間，進深六椽，單(dan)檐懸山頂；因(yin)為后(hou)時屢有修繕，所以風格雜糅，但是殿內(nei)梁(liang)架保(bao)留了大叉手、平梁(liang)，基本保(bao)留了金代(dai)原建(jian)時的特點(dian)。

綜述

東(dong)邑村距縣(xian)城(cheng)東(dong)南(nan)約5公里,古(gu)(gu)稱黃邑,舊(jiu)屬(shu)葛(ge)(ge)(ge)井(jing)(jing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。平順九(jiu)天(tian)圣(sheng)(sheng)母廟(miao)碑《重修九(jiu)天(tian)圣(sheng)(sheng)母廟(miao)記》中記載：“古(gu)(gu)潞(lu)子嬰兒(er)之國東(dong)南(nan)數十里有葛(ge)(ge)(ge)井(jing)(jing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，鄉(xiang)(xiang)之東(dong)社曰(yue)圣(sheng)(sheng)母谷，谷之四面，山(shan)(shan)明水(shui)秀，石怪(guai)木(mu)老，乃太行左也。”因(yin)“相傳(chuan)葛(ge)(ge)(ge)洪師事(shi)鮑(bao)元，學道于(yu)此”，故又名(ming)葛(ge)(ge)(ge)井(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan)。東(dong)峪南(nan)山(shan)(shan)有“神泉”，“俗傳(chuan)里人見一白虎入南(nan)山(shan)(shan)下，覓至(zhi)山(shan)(shan)不見，止存(cun)(cun)一木(mu)箭，拔(ba)箭得(de)水(shui)，故名(ming)。”這里寺(si)廟(miao)林立，古(gu)(gu)有葛(ge)(ge)(ge)洪祠，即(ji)《潞(lu)州(zhou)潞(lu)城(cheng)縣(xian)三池(chi)東(dong)圣(sheng)(sheng)母仙鄉(xiang)(xiang)之碑》所謂(wei)的“蓋井(jing)(jing)葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙公煉藥之宮”，還有圓寂寺(si)，“在潞(lu)城(cheng)縣(xian)東(dong)南(nan)十里葛(ge)(ge)(ge)井(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan)下，唐(tang)天(tian)祐(you)年建(jian)，今廢。”今存(cun)(cun)圣(sheng)(sheng)母廟(miao)、龍王廟(miao)，可(ke)以想象到當年香火(huo)繚繞(rao)，云蒸霞蔚的景(jing)象。

龍王廟位(wei)于村東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)臨(lin)五道(dao)溝，坐北(bei)面(mian)南，俯臨(lin)村莊，兩進(jin)(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)。山門(men)三間，兩側(ce)(ce)連接八字(zi)影(ying)壁墻，與兩側(ce)(ce)圍墻貫通。入山門(men)靠西(xi)(xi)處有(you)(you)一眼(yan)水井，和祈雨有(you)(you)關。山門(men)內(nei)兩側(ce)(ce)各(ge)為三間廂房，中(zhong)(zhong)間甬道(dao)直通戲(xi)(xi)臺(tai)，構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)第(di)一院(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)，南北(bei)進(jin)(jin)深(shen)12.3米(mi)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)寬(kuan)16.7米(mi);戲(xi)(xi)臺(tai)下為通道(dao)，上為三間倒(dao)座戲(xi)(xi)臺(tai)，正(zheng)殿與戲(xi)(xi)臺(tai)相對，以(yi)甬道(dao)相連，兩側(ce)(ce)為東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)配(pei)殿各(ge)五間及廂房各(ge)三間，正(zheng)北(bei)為大殿三間，東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)耳(er)殿各(ge)三間，構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)第(di)二(er)進(jin)(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)。南北(bei)進(jin)(jin)深(shen)26.9米(mi)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)寬(kuan)16.7米(mi)。龍王廟布局(ju)(ju)規(gui)整有(you)(you)序(xu)，符合中(zhong)(zhong)國傳(chuan)統建筑以(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)軸(zhou)線為主，左右對稱的布局(ju)(ju)格式。

山門(men)三間(jian)，單(dan)檐硬山頂(ding)，面闊(kuo)8.31米, 進深6.3米，明間(jian)中部設(she)板門(men)兩扇，前檐柱(zhu)頭斗栱四鋪(pu)作，單(dan)下(xia)昂(ang)(琴面)卷云耍頭，補間(jian)斗栱雙下(xia)昂(ang)，上(shang)昂(ang)后尾(wei)挑入(ru)垂蓮柱(zhu)，上(shang)承托在中金檁下(xia)皮，后檐為(wei)一斗三升。梁(liang)架由四栿(fa)、平梁(liang)、插(cha)手構成，灰(hui)布瓦頂(ding)，磚木結構，從建(jian)筑(zhu)形制和藝術構件的(de)特征(zheng)看，應是(shi)清代遺物。東側廂房(fang)(fang)用(yong)作伙房(fang)(fang)，西側廂房(fang)(fang)用(yong)作宿(su)舍(she)，宿(su)舍(she)門(men)窗開向廟外，均拆改為(wei)現(xian)代建(jian)筑(zhu)。

戲(xi)臺(tai)三(san)間(jian)，倒座(zuo)式，即坐南朝北，面(mian)(mian)向(xiang)正殿，面(mian)(mian)闊9.9、進深6.56米(mi)(mi)，單檐硬山(shan)頂(ding)，灰布瓦頂(ding)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)下兩(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)，下層(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)通(tong)(tong)道，通(tong)(tong)道頂(ding)部(bu)鋪(pu)木板(ban)，正面(mian)(mian)(面(mian)(mian)向(xiang)山(shan)門(men))墻體直達(da)檐口。中間(jian)開方(fang)形(xing)門(men)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)部(bu)做拱形(xing)門(men)頭(tou)(tou)，沙石(shi)(shi)材質，雕刻蓮花(hua)、龍(long)、蓮瓣(ban)圖案(an)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)方(fang)鑲“民生潤澤”石(shi)(shi)匾(0.75米(mi)(mi)×2.46米(mi)(mi))一塊。背面(mian)(mian)(戲(xi)臺(tai)正面(mian)(mian))，明間(jian)下部(bu)為(wei)長方(fang)形(xing)門(men)洞，東側石(shi)(shi)砌(qi)臺(tai)階，可達(da)上(shang)(shang)(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)。戲(xi)臺(tai)前檐斗栱(gong)(gong)四(si)鋪(pu)作單下昂，卷云式昂頭(tou)(tou)。柱頭(tou)(tou)斗栱(gong)(gong)耍頭(tou)(tou)為(wei)象頭(tou)(tou)，補(bu)間(jian)為(wei)龍(long)頭(tou)(tou)。明間(jian)雀替為(wei)龍(long)頭(tou)(tou)，兩(liang)次間(jian)為(wei)象頭(tou)(tou)。梁(liang)架由四(si)椽栿(fa)、平梁(liang)構成。梁(liang)架殘存(cun)部(bu)分有(you)彩畫(hua)，無壁畫(hua)。臺(tai)口被(bei)門(men)窗(chuang)壘(lei)砌(qi)封閉，兩(liang)側東西耳(er)房(fang)已被(bei)拆除，但建(jian)筑(zhu)和架檁的痕跡清晰可辨，應(ying)為(wei)唱戲(xi)時化裝(zhuang)、休息的場(chang)所(suo)。

正殿是龍(long)王(wang)廟主要的(de)建筑，位于中軸線北端，坐落在(zai)長14.76、寬13.5、高1米的(de)臺(tai)(tai)基(ji)之(zhi)上，臺(tai)(tai)基(ji)東、西(xi)、南(nan)三(san)面(mian)設(she)臺(tai)(tai)階。正殿三(san)間，面(mian)闊13.24、進深11.97米，單檐懸(xuan)山(shan)頂，灰(hui)瓦，大吻(wen)、垂獸、戧獸、套獸均(jun)為(wei)琉璃雕花，正脊(ji)(ji)每面(mian)6條龍(long)，垂脊(ji)(ji)雕鳳，均(jun)配飾(shi)牡丹，可惜垂脊(ji)(ji)只留一條脊(ji)(ji)剎，有“嘉(jia)慶元年(nian)五月(yue)立”題記。明間設(she)板門(已(yi)毀)，兩次間為(wei)坎墻直欞窗(chuang)，明間覆盆柱礎，青石(shi)(shi)淺(qian)雕云龍(long)圖(tu)案，次間為(wei)方形石(shi)(shi)料基(ji)座(zuo)。

砌(qi)上(shang)露明造(zao)，舉架平(ping)緩，減柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)，方形(xing)(xing)抹(mo)棱金柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、山(shan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，檐(yan)(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)收殺、側(ce)腳，柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)卷(juan)剎顯著，設欄額普(pu)拍枋(fang)。用(yong)材自然粗放，面(mian)不(bu)規整，圓木(mu)(mu)稍加砍(kan)制便(bian)使(shi)用(yong)，采用(yong)乳栿(fa)對四椽(chuan)栿(fa)，栿(fa)上(shang)兩蜀柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(有方形(xing)(xing)、圓形(xing)(xing))上(shang)有大斗(dou)(dou)，平(ping)梁(liang)(liang)座于斗(dou)(dou)內，縱(zong)向出栱(gong)托替木(mu)(mu)、承金檁(lin)，蜀柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)由縱(zong)向襻(pan)間(jian)枋(fang)連接。平(ping)梁(liang)(liang)上(shang)設插手，脊(ji)(ji)瓜柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)下設置合(he)■，上(shang)承大斗(dou)(dou)捧接令栱(gong)、替木(mu)(mu)承托脊(ji)(ji)檁(lin)。侏儒(ru)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)下插合(he)■，蜀柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)下用(yong)駝峰，合(he)■、駝峰兼而用(yong)之的做法較為少見(jian)。各縫梁(liang)(liang)架結構處理一致，四椽(chuan)栿(fa)插入后墻(qiang)(qiang)內設后檐(yan)(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)承托，椽(chuan)頭(tou)卷(juan)剎明顯。墻(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)均為坎磨(mo)青灰磚砌(qi)筑，正面(mian)兩次間(jian)設坎墻(qiang)(qiang)，兩山(shan)墻(qiang)(qiang)及后墻(qiang)(qiang)均砌(qi)至檐(yan)(yan)口(kou)。

柱頭斗(dou)栱：五鋪作，單(dan)抄單(dan)下(xia)昂(ang)，耍頭昂(ang)形，重拱計心(xin)造。里轉四鋪作，出華拱一挑，第二跳昂(ang)后尾作雀(que)替狀承(cheng)(cheng)托乳栿。正身耍頭為真昂(ang)與令(ling)拱相交上承(cheng)(cheng)隨檁(lin)枋、檁(lin)檐，后尾由乳栿駝峰承(cheng)(cheng)托，上座大斗(dou)，下(xia)承(cheng)(cheng)金檁(lin)，在結構中起著重要的作用。

明(ming)間補間斗(dou)栱(gong)(gong)(gong)：五(wu)鋪(pu)作，單抄單下昂，重拱計心造(zao)。櫨斗(dou)作圓形(xing)，共12瓣，第(di)一跳(tiao)(tiao)華栱(gong)(gong)(gong)兩(liang)側(ce)出(chu)(chu)(chu)45°斜(xie)栱(gong)(gong)(gong)，第(di)二跳(tiao)(tiao)下昂兩(liang)側(ce)出(chu)(chu)(chu)45°斜(xie)栱(gong)(gong)(gong)兩(liang)縫，令栱(gong)(gong)(gong)加長，正身為昂，兩(liang)側(ce)45°出(chu)(chu)(chu)兩(liang)縫耍(shua)頭(tou)，上(shang)承(cheng)隨檁枋(fang)、檐檁里(li)轉五(wu)鋪(pu)作，偷心造(zao)。華栱(gong)(gong)(gong)兩(liang)側(ce)45°斜(xie)出(chu)(chu)(chu)耍(shua)頭(tou)，上(shang)昂后尾插入垂連柱，上(shang)承(cheng)金檁。它(ta)和五(wu)臺(tai)山佛光寺文殊殿(dian)明(ming)間補間斗(dou)栱(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)形(xing)制如(ru)(ru)出(chu)(chu)(chu)一轍。這種在45°角線上(shang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)龐大的(de)斜(xie)栱(gong)(gong)(gong)兩(liang)縫，第(di)二跳(tiao)(tiao)加至(zhi)四縫，使斗(dou)栱(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)形(xing)狀如(ru)(ru)同怒放的(de)花束，是遼金兩(liang)代(dai)斗(dou)栱(gong)(gong)(gong)獨有的(de)構造(zao)特征，金代(dai)尤為顯著。

次間(jian)補(bu)間(jian)斗(dou)栱(gong)：正身(shen)與明間(jian)結構基本(ben)一致，唯櫨斗(dou)作(zuo)六瓣，二、三跳45°斜栱(gong)耍(shua)頭一縫(feng)，三令栱(gong)作(zuo)鴛鴦交首(shou)狀，出(chu)斜栱(gong)。

金柱(zhu)斗(dou)栱(gong)：四鋪作，設欄額(e)，斗(dou)栱(gong)十(shi)字相交，承(cheng)托四椽栿(fa)與乳(ru)栿(fa)結(jie)點，縱向(xiang)有(you)襻間枋(fang)。正身栱(gong)做雀替狀(zhuang)施于(yu)乳(ru)栿(fa)下(xia)。從結(jie)構(gou)上看，正殿(dian)主(zhu)要(yao)構(gou)件是(shi)金代物。

東(dong)西耳殿各(ge)三間(jian)，通面闊(kuo)7.5米，前插廊，單檐硬(ying)山頂，縱(zong)向磚券窯洞。面為三間(jian)實為一間(jian)，明間(jian)后墻砌拱形神龕(kan)，布筒板瓦，脊為雕龍圖案(an)。

東(dong)西配(pei)殿及廂房分設于大(da)殿、戲臺與山(shan)門兩側(ce)，均為硬山(shan)式建筑(zhu)，自北而南配(pei)殿五(wu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)有前廊，中間(jian)(jian)(jian)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，南端三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，建筑(zhu)已被修(xiu)改得面(mian)目全非，唯東(dong)側(ce)中間(jian)(jian)(jian)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)看出清代樣式。

正殿前臺(tai)基上，東(dong)西各(ge)蹲(dun)一石獅，被移至學校門前。廟(miao)中(zhong)碑刻在“文革(ge)”期間遺失，現今(jin)還沒有找到(dao)其(qi)創始年代(dai)的(de)文字記載。

龍王廟(miao)(miao)布局規(gui)整對稱，保存完整，“神殿與戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臺結合(he)構成神廟(miao)(miao)，是(shi)北宋以后中(zhong)國本土宗(zong)教場所的(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著(zhu)特征(zheng)。”他們(men)結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)想(xiang)基礎(chu)是(shi)孔子的(de)(de)(de)(de)“興于(yu)禮(li)，成于(yu)樂(le)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)禮(li)樂(le)觀，神殿象(xiang)征(zheng)著(zhu)禮(li)，戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臺象(xiang)征(zheng)著(zhu)樂(le)，禮(li)樂(le)是(shi)祭祀的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩面(mian)。“無(wu)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)樓(lou)則廟(miao)(miao)貌不(bu)(bu)稱，無(wu)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)樓(lou)則觀瞻不(bu)(bu)雅(ya)”，沒(mei)有戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臺，“不(bu)(bu)惟戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)無(wu)以演，神無(wu)以奉(feng)，抑(yi)且為一(yi)村之羞(xiu)也，這種思(si)想(xiang)體現了“禮(li)以節人，樂(le)以和人”的(de)(de)(de)(de)禮(li)樂(le)制(zhi)度對中(zhong)國社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。晉東南地(di)區(qu)多神廟(miao)(miao)，每年的(de)(de)(de)(de)雩祭儀(yi)式和春祈(qi)秋(qiu)報(bao)相結合(he)，造就了當(dang)地(di)以取(qu)水求雨(yu)為主(zhu)旨的(de)(de)(de)(de)獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)賽(sai)社活動。

農(nong)業社會(hui)，人們大的(de)(de)企盼(pan)就是風(feng)調雨(yu)(yu)順，來年能(neng)有(you)(you)(you)好收成。龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)作為(wei)司雨(yu)(yu)水(shui)之(zhi)神(shen)，便格外受到人們的(de)(de)尊崇。早在(zai)(zai)秦始皇時，就有(you)(you)(you)“黃(huang)(huang)帝得土德(de)，黃(huang)(huang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)地寅(yin)見。夏得木德(de)，青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)止于郊……今秦變周,水(shui)德(de)之(zhi)時。昔秦文公出獵，獲黑龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)，此(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)水(shui)德(de)之(zhi)瑞”的(de)(de)記(ji)載。到漢代，民(min)間出現(xian)了(le)以五(wu)色(se)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)祈(qi)雨(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)習俗(su)。《唐(tang)志》：“上黨有(you)(you)(you)五(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)。”《十六國(guo)春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》：“西(xi)燕慕容永時有(you)(you)(you)五(wu)色(se)云見于此(ci)(ci)，遇旱(han)禱雨(yu)(yu)輒應(ying)，因(yin)置(zhi)祠以祀五(wu)方之(zhi)神(shen)。”據《宋會(hui)要(yao)輯稿》記(ji)載：“國(guo)朝緣(yuan)唐(tang)祭(ji)五(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)之(zhi)制,春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)常行其(qi)(qi)祀。先是熙寧(ning)十年八月(yue)信(xin)州(zhou)有(you)(you)(you)五(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)廟,禱雨(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)(you)應(ying),賜額(e)曰(yue)：‘會(hui)應(ying)’。自是五(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)廟皆(jie)以此(ci)(ci)名額(e)云。徽宗大觀二年十月(yue),詔(zhao)天下五(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)廟皆(jie)封(feng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)爵。青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)神(shen)封(feng)廣仁王(wang)(wang)(wang),赤龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)神(shen)封(feng)嘉澤(ze)王(wang)(wang)(wang),黃(huang)(huang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)神(shen)封(feng)孚應(ying)王(wang)(wang)(wang),白龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)神(shen)封(feng)義濟王(wang)(wang)(wang),黑龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)神(shen)封(feng)靈(ling)澤(ze)王(wang)(wang)(wang)。”龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)由民(min)俗(su)之(zhi)神(shen)上升(sheng)為(wei)祀典之(zhi)神(shen)，為(wei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)修建(jian)廟宇成為(wei)理所當然的(de)(de)事情，龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)廟往往建(jian)在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)泉(quan)、池、井的(de)(de)地方，因(yin)為(wei)這里(li)能(neng)“禱雨(yu)(yu)而應(ying)”。晉東(dong)南的(de)(de)府(fu)州(zhou)縣志及現(xian)存石(shi)刻，到處都有(you)(you)(you)禱取“神(shen)水(shui)”而“靈(ling)應(ying)”降雨(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)記(ji)錄。潞(lu)城東(dong)邑龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)(wang)廟山(shan)門(men)西(xi)側有(you)(you)(you)井，應(ying)為(wei)禱雨(yu)(yu)取水(shui)之(zhi)池。

雩祭作為(wei)一種祈雨的儀式，分為(wei)官(guan)辦和民辦兩(liang)類(lei)。

從商周開始，祭(ji)祀便(bian)和(he)禮(li)樂(le)相(xiang)伴，是國家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要行(xing)(xing)為(wei)。官方主持的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祭(ji)祀活(huo)動正式(shi)(shi)莊重(zhong)、規范高雅。而這(zhe)種帶有宗教(jiao)色彩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)禮(li)樂(le)祭(ji)祀在(zai)(zai)轉(zhuan)變為(wei)民(min)間(jian)集(ji)體行(xing)(xing)為(wei)時(shi)(shi)，往往帶有了娛(yu)樂(le)游戲(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)分(fen)。“祭(ji)禮(li)”漸漸演變成(cheng)“戲(xi)(xi)禮(li)”(蘇(su)東(dong)坡語)。學者王國維在(zai)(zai)論及上古戲(xi)(xi)劇時(shi)(shi)說：“巫之(zhi)事神(shen)，必用歌舞(wu)(wu)”，“歌舞(wu)(wu)之(zhi)興，其始于古之(zhi)巫乎?”在(zai)(zai)雩祭(ji)儀(yi)式(shi)(shi)中，女巫擔任主角。廖奔先生認為(wei)“雩祭(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)于‘以舞(wu)(wu)降神(shen)’以祈雨，其中歌舞(wu)(wu)媚(mei)神(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)分(fen)比較(jiao)大，它出現在(zai)(zai)農業(ye)文(wen)明興起之(zhi)后。”歷史(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積淀和(he)文(wen)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過濾，“歌舞(wu)(wu)媚(mei)神(shen)”已演變為(wei)歌舞(wu)(wu)娛(yu)人，民(min)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)迎神(shen)賽社卻呈(cheng)現出公眾性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狂(kuang)歡。人們(men)在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)種周期性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儀(yi)式(shi)(shi)中舒展(zhan)著疲(pi)憊(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身心，釋放著壓(ya)抑(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情感(gan)。和(he)官辦(ban)雩祭(ji)枯燥乏味相(xiang)比，民(min)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雩祭(ji)儀(yi)式(shi)(shi)要熱鬧(nao)得多。

潞城(cheng)東邑(yi)村龍王(wang)廟(miao)的迎神(shen)賽(sai)社定在每(mei)年農(nong)(nong)歷二(er)月初二(er)和六月初六，二(er)月二(er)是(shi)(shi)傳統龍抬頭的日子(zi)，因為二(er)月初處于驚蟄(zhe)前(qian)后，蟄(zhe)伏一(yi)冬的各種動物(wu)恢復活(huo)力，龍也(ye)要蘇(su)醒過來履(lv)行它降(jiang)雨的職責(ze)。從時節(jie)上來說，二(er)月進入(ru)仲春季節(jie)，這(zhe)時陽(yang)氣上升，大(da)地復蘇(su)，春耕播種非(fei)常(chang)需(xu)要土壤濕潤，保有水分，若是(shi)(shi)天公降(jiang)雨，無疑是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)民(min)的一(yi)大(da)福祉。六月初六正值(zhi)谷物(wu)秀而(er)未實，或實而(er)未堅，農(nong)(nong)夫希望普降(jiang)甘霖(lin)，秋天才會(hui)獲得(de)豐收。另外，如果禱雨而(er)應(ying)，祈(qi)得(de)甘澤(ze)，也(ye)應(ying)演戲酬報，謝(xie)過龍王(wang)。

祈(qi)雨(yu)(yu)之前(qian)，會首要做(zuo)許多準備工(gong)作，安排好求(qiu)雨(yu)(yu)、演戲(xi)、社火(huo)等各項事宜(yi)。主禮通(tong)常由(you)陰陽先生(sheng)擔任，廚師負(fu)責煮(zhu)花祭(ji)(ji)、備供(gong)饌，祭(ji)(ji)樂(le)樂(le)戶承(cheng)應，執役(yi)村民分(fen)管，鄉人表演社火(huo)。可以(yi)(yi)說，不分(fen)貧富貴(gui)賤(jian)，不論階層行業，全民都參與(yu)到(dao)祭(ji)(ji)祀與(yu)狂(kuang)歡之中，勞作的辛苦得到(dao)釋(shi)放，情感得以(yi)(yi)宣(xuan)泄。

廟(miao)會通常五天(tian)(tian)。第(di)一(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)是(shi)隆重的祈雨儀式(shi)和(he)社火表演。第(di)一(yi)(yi)項是(shi)祭拜(bai)(bai)取水(shui)(shui)。會首帶(dai)領男村(cun)民(min)，人(ren)人(ren)頭帶(dai)柳圈，手執柳條，依次進入龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)正殿(dian)，專人(ren)端上花祭、供饌(zhuan)及長頸陶瓶，上香跪拜(bai)(bai)，三禮(li)九叩(kou)，肅穆虔禱(dao)。龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)坐像近一(yi)(yi)米高，木架支成(cheng)空心，泥(ni)塑，涂以油彩(cai)，黑(hei)臉(lian)，雙(shuang)目迥(jiong)然(ran)。拜(bai)(bai)畢，會首手捧陶瓶，舉過頭頂，領村(cun)民(min)走至山門(men)左側井(jing)口(kou)旁，用紅(hong)(hong)繩系瓶口(kou)，徐徐放如井(jing)中(zhong)，俯首噤聲，點燃(ran)香枝，頻頻叩(kou)首。禮(li)畢，將紅(hong)(hong)繩系到旁邊的柳樹上，等(deng)待龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)賜雨。曬龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)儀式(shi)結束后，恭恭敬敬地取回神水(shui)(shui)，供奉(feng)在大殿(dian)的供桌(zhuo)上。井(jing)水(shui)(shui)旱不枯，澇不溢，在民(min)間傳(chuan)說中(zhong)被認為是(shi)通向神秘世界東海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)居所的海(hai)眼。

第二項是熱鬧的曬龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)巡街活動。幾個年(nian)輕力壯的小(xiao)伙子將龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)爺(ye)抬到(dao)坐架(jia)上(shang)，扛著出(chu)(chu)行，因(yin)為(wei)是為(wei)民求雨，大家(jia)都很樂(le)于出(chu)(chu)力。八(ba)音會(hui)細(xi)吹細(xi)打，在(zai)前(qian)面鳴鑼(luo)開(kai)道，龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)爺(ye)緊隨其后(hou)，會(hui)首帶領(ling)眾(zhong)鄉親浩浩蕩蕩從龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)廟出(chu)(chu)發，順(shun)街出(chu)(chu)村，沿田間地(di)壟到(dao)附近(jin)的三(san)皇(huang)腦祭(ji)拜，然后(hou)返(fan)回(hui)，把龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)爺(ye)放回(hui)正殿(dian)。三(san)皇(huang)腦已無遺(yi)跡可(ke)考，但當地(di)的百姓(xing)認為(wei)三(san)皇(huang)主(zhu)管一(yi)切(qie)神靈，所以(yi)龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)出(chu)(chu)動一(yi)次，有(you)必要祭(ji)拜三(san)皇(huang)。三(san)皇(huang)有(you)上(shang)三(san)皇(huang)、中三(san)皇(huang)、下(xia)三(san)皇(huang)的說(shuo)法。上(shang)三(san)皇(huang)指天皇(huang)、地(di)皇(huang)、人(ren)皇(huang)，他(ta)們是傳說(shuo)中天、地(di)、人(ren)的祖先(xian)，其中天皇(huang)主(zhu)氣(qi)，地(di)皇(huang)主(zhu)德，人(ren)皇(huang)主(zhu)生。中三(san)皇(huang)為(wei)伏羲(xi)、女媧、神農。下(xia)三(san)皇(huang)是黃(huang)帝、堯、舜。

曬(shai)(shai)(shai)龍(long)(long)王這(zhe)種(zhong)儀(yi)式，大(da)概源(yuan)于幾種(zhong)想法(fa)：第(di)一(yi)，龍(long)(long)是喜靜不(bu)喜動的(de)(de)動物(wu)，平時(shi)潛(qian)居幽深的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)洞、龍(long)(long)泉、龍(long)(long)井之中，現在(zai)敲鑼打(da)鼓這(zhe)么(me)(me)一(yi)鬧騰，便會(hui)興風(feng)作(zuo)浪(lang)，布雨(yu)(yu)降(jiang)霖。第(di)二，龍(long)(long)王作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)司(si)雨(yu)(yu)之神，應該讓它及(ji)時(shi)了解(jie)民間旱(han)情，不(bu)能褻(xie)守瀆職，不(bu)管老百姓疾(ji)苦。第(di)三，龍(long)(long)王爺(ye)怕熱(re)，被放在(zai)太陽下暴(bao)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)，曬(shai)(shai)(shai)出汗了，流到人(ren)間便是甘露(lu)。考究曬(shai)(shai)(shai)龍(long)(long)王這(zhe)一(yi)習俗(su)的(de)(de)由來，龔(gong)維英先生(sheng)認為(wei)(wei)讓龍(long)(long)王受苦源(yuan)于讓巫覡受苦。他說：“本(ben)世50年代初期，農民抗旱(han)，尚‘烤龍(long)(long)王’求雨(yu)(yu)，即曝巫之遺(yi)存(cun)。”但(dan)把龍(long)(long)當(dang)作(zuo)巫覡，似乎有點勉強。苑利先生(sheng)認為(wei)(wei)：“曬(shai)(shai)(shai)龍(long)(long)王實(shi)際上源(yuan)于上古(gu)另一(yi)種(zhong)更古(gu)老的(de)(de)習俗(su)——造土(tu)龍(long)(long)。”但(dan)為(wei)(wei)什么(me)(me)造土(tu)龍(long)(long)會(hui)致雨(yu)(yu)，不(bu)得而(er)知。《淮南子(zi)·墜形訓》云：“土(tu)龍(long)(long)致雨(yu)(yu)。”高誘注曰：“湯遭旱(han)，作(zuo)土(tu)龍(long)(long)以(yi)(yi)象龍(long)(long)，云從龍(long)(long)，故致雨(yu)(yu)也。”《山海經(jing)·大(da)荒東(dong)(dong)經(jing)》曰：“旱(han)而(er)為(wei)(wei)應龍(long)(long)之狀，乃得大(da)雨(yu)(yu)。”說得就是造土(tu)龍(long)(long)求雨(yu)(yu)。宋(song)真宗(zong)咸平元年(998年)，“內出李祈雨(yu)(yu)法(fa)，以(yi)(yi)甲乙日(ri)擇東(dong)(dong)方地作(zuo)壇，取土(tu)造青龍(long)(long)，詣龍(long)(long)所(suo)汲流水。”有可能是因(yin)為(wei)(wei)土(tu)龍(long)(long)是用泥做的(de)(de)，需(xu)要在(zai)太陽下暴(bao)曬(shai)(shai)(shai)才可定形，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)有了曬(shai)(shai)(shai)龍(long)(long)王這(zhe)一(yi)風(feng)俗(su)。

接下來(lai)是比較刺(ci)激的(de)(de)斬旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)儀式。旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)是中國(guo)神(shen)話中干旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)制(zhi)造者，《詩(shi)經·云漢》有語“旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)為虐(nve)，如焱如焚”。旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)的(de)(de)制(zhi)作方法(fa)很簡單(dan)，用(yong)樹枝做(zuo)個(ge)身(shen)子(zi)骨架，外面用(yong)彩紙糊裱，菜(cai)瓜做(zuo)頭，掏空瓜瓤，注進(jin)紅水，封嚴。把旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)放到(dao)(dao)平板車(che)上(shang)，沿街游行，回到(dao)(dao)龍王廟(miao)后，主禮歷(li)數旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)的(de)(de)種種罪狀，然后一聲喝令(ling)，旁邊手執利刃的(de)(de)小伙子(zi)一刀(dao)砍下旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)的(de)(de)頭，“鮮血(xue)”淋漓。不過現在(zai)旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)的(de)(de)制(zhi)作多了(le)幾(ji)分游戲的(de)(de)心態，紙糊的(de)(de)旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)身(shen)子(zi)里填滿鞭炮，頭應聲倒地(di)之后，身(shen)子(zi)也噼里啪啦燃燒起來(lai)，頗為刺(ci)激。百姓認為除掉旱(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)魃(ba)(ba)(ba)，才(cai)會風調雨(yu)順，五(wu)谷豐登。

最后進(jin)行的是紅(hong)火熱鬧的社火表演，“扛裝”、“晃杠(gang)”、“踩蹺(qiao)”是傳統(tong)的表演項目，下(xia)面逐一(yi)介(jie)紹。

扛裝(zhuang)：一成(cheng)年男子肩負鐵架，架上安一根(gen)1米多長的(de)鐵棍(gun)(gun)，棍(gun)(gun)端橫懸一圓形支(zhi)架，支(zhi)架的(de)下端是用(yong)布做成(cheng)的(de)卡通動物，一位五六歲的(de)兒童輕坐于(yu)上，臉部化裝(zhuang)成(cheng)戲劇角色，頭戴花(hua)(hua)冠，花(hua)(hua)冠左右插兩翎，身披斗篷，腰(yao)系裙子，腳穿繡花(hua)(hua)鞋，手拿扇子、花(hua)(hua)束，隨著八音會的(de)伴奏，男子和兒童有韻律地擺動。

晃杠(gang)：最下(xia)端是一木(mu)(mu)箱，內裝(zhuang)石塊或鐵等沉重物，外飾彩(cai)繪(hui)。木(mu)(mu)箱正中(zhong)豎(shu)插木(mu)(mu)桿，木(mu)(mu)桿上(shang)豎(shu)著固定三面大(da)鏡(jing)子，每面大(da)鏡(jing)子的(de)左(zuo)右(you)(you)橫(heng)著固定兩面小(xiao)鏡(jing)子，鏡(jing)子周圍用彩(cai)綢花束裝(zhuang)飾，鏡(jing)子之間書(shu)寫(xie)“國(guo)泰民安”、“風調雨順(shun)”、“祈(qi)福報功”等字樣，最上(shang)端插雞(ji)毛(mao)撣(dan)子。木(mu)(mu)箱前后橫(heng)插一杠(gang)，由(you)兩青(qing)年面對面抬著，前后左(zuo)右(you)(you)四人拽(zhuai)著木(mu)(mu)桿上(shang)端垂下(xia)來(lai)的(de)繩子保持平衡(heng)。

踩蹺(qiao)(qiao)：潞城(cheng)境內(nei)廣(guang)泛(fan)流(liu)行，演(yan)員(yuan)腳踩蹺(qiao)(qiao)棍，裝(zhuang)扮成(cheng)戲曲人物，在(zai)八音(yin)會(hui)伴奏(zou)下(xia)邊唱(chang)邊舞(wu)。踩的(de)(de)木棍在(zai)三(san)尺(chi)以(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)叫小(xiao)蹺(qiao)(qiao)，三(san)尺(chi)以(yi)上的(de)(de)叫高蹺(qiao)(qiao)，有的(de)(de)高蹺(qiao)(qiao)演(yan)員(yuan)能在(zai)空中表演(yan)各種(zhong)動作。

雩祭儀(yi)式肅穆(mu)隆重，百戲社火熱烈歡騰，廟外廣場(chang)和街道人山(shan)人海。

第二天正式(shi)演(yan)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，同時(shi)廟會進行，為(wei)期三(san)(san)天。馮俊(jun)杰先(xian)生考證：“晉東南‘謝雨(yu)’演(yan)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，也有(you)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風俗習慣。首(shou)先(xian)是由值年總社(she)首(shou)‘寫戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)’，即聘(pin)請戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)班(ban)(ban)，點(dian)劃(hua)劇目(mu)(mu)，并(bing)與戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)班(ban)(ban)科(ke)頭簽訂演(yan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)合(he)(he)同;然(ran)后再(zai)對戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)班(ban)(ban)提出(chu)(chu)(chu)許多戒條，張(zhang)(zhang)榜公布;戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)班(ban)(ban)也要(yao)張(zhang)(zhang)貼告白榜文(wen)，以(yi)聲(sheng)明自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)演(yan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)符合(he)(he)祀典(dian)。”現在儀式(shi)有(you)所簡(jian)化，但演(yan)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱情(qing)卻很高(gao)漲。在唱戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)之(zhi)前，有(you)專人拿扎了(le)紅綢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)竹掃帚到(dao)村的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四(si)角打掃，掃除旱役和(he)災難(nan)。然(ran)后樂班(ban)(ban)鳴(ming)鑼(luo)響鞭，正式(shi)開演(yan)，先(xian)演(yan)賽(sai)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)再(zai)演(yan)大(da)(da)(da)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。賽(sai)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)演(yan)給龍王，大(da)(da)(da)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)唱給百姓。賽(sai)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是一種頭戴假面，綜合(he)(he)儺(nuo)儀和(he)春社(she)祭祀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劇演(yan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)。大(da)(da)(da)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是當地流行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)黨梆(bang)(bang)子(zi)。賽(sai)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)唱腔(qiang)很簡(jian)單(dan)，只是念白朗(lang)誦向歌唱過渡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原始形(xing)態，有(you)固定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)演(yan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)劇目(mu)(mu)《調(diao)鬼(gui)》和(he)《斬旱魃(ba)》。《調(diao)鬼(gui)》是開臺(tai)(tai)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，演(yan)員頭戴面具，扮七鬼(gui)，先(xian)在臺(tai)(tai)下后在臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)跳躍，聽候調(diao)鬼(gui)師(城(cheng)隍(huang))訓(xun)誡。城(cheng)隍(huang)奉(feng)玉帝旨意(yi)，下得天庭，調(diao)來諸鬼(gui)神，逐一囑咐(fu)，要(yao)他(ta)們各保一方，風調(diao)雨(yu)順。《斬旱魃(ba)》劇情(qing)簡(jian)單(dan)，演(yan)趙萬年忤(wu)逆不(bu)孝事，不(bu)久變成(cheng)旱魃(ba)，穿短褲，束紅腰帶，光膀子(zi)，頭戴鮮羊(yang)肚，手端一碗羊(yang)血，被四(si)大(da)(da)(da)天神趕(gan)下臺(tai)(tai)來，直(zhi)(zhi)奔(ben)觀眾，觀眾立即吶喊、圍追，并(bing)以(yi)土(tu)塊(kuai)拋打。旱魃(ba)以(yi)手灑(sa)羊(yang)血開道，并(bing)可(ke)任意(yi)抓取、拋灑(sa)商販貨攤(tan)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食物。最后，旱魃(ba)又(you)被四(si)大(da)(da)(da)天王追回(hui)舞臺(tai)(tai)斬首(shou)。其實這(zhe)出(chu)(chu)(chu)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是社(she)火中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斬旱魃(ba)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劇樣式(shi)，現在風調(diao)雨(yu)順，五谷(gu)豐登，有(you)時(shi)也被其他(ta)傳統劇目(mu)(mu)代替，如《華(hua)容道》、《單(dan)刀會》、《二仙傳道》、《叢臺(tai)(tai)設宴》等。接下來便是唱大(da)(da)(da)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，當地百姓稱上(shang)(shang)黨梆(bang)(bang)子(zi)為(wei)大(da)(da)(da)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，上(shang)(shang)黨梆(bang)(bang)子(zi)形(xing)成(cheng)于(yu)澤州(zhou)，以(yi)演(yan)唱梆(bang)(bang)子(zi)腔(qiang)為(wei)主，兼唱昆曲、皮黃、羅羅腔(qiang)、卷戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，俗稱昆梆(bang)(bang)羅卷黃。唱腔(qiang)高(gao)亢明朗(lang)、粗(cu)獷樸(pu)實、直(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)直(zhi)(zhi)入(ru)、強烈激越(yue)。當地人愛聽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是楊家(jia)(jia)將(jiang)、岳(yue)家(jia)(jia)將(jiang)等武戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，如《三(san)(san)關(guan)排(pai)宴》、《天波樓》、《雁門關(guan)》、《闖幽州(zhou)》等，趙樹(shu)理曾說：“從家(jia)(jia)里(li)到(dao)野地，到(dao)處唱起干梆(bang)(bang)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。”可(ke)見(jian)梆(bang)(bang)子(zi)腔(qiang)在當地很受歡(huan)迎。

潞(lu)城(cheng)東邑龍王(wang)廟(miao)廟(miao)會涵蓋了晉(jin)東南地區(qu)迎(ying)(ying)神賽社(she)(she)諸多儀(yi)式(shi)，如取水(shui)、曬(shai)龍王(wang)、斬旱(han)魃(ba)、百戲社(she)(she)火、迎(ying)(ying)神演劇(ju)等(deng)。農業社(she)(she)會，人們把(ba)希(xi)望求助于神靈，雩(yu)祭(ji)和(he)春祈(qi)秋報(bao)無(wu)論(lun)對國(guo)家還是(shi)(shi)百姓都(dou)是(shi)(shi)重要的(de)(de)事宜，在這(zhe)種祭(ji)祀(si)(si)儀(yi)式(shi)中，祭(ji)祀(si)(si)禮儀(yi)、百戲雜陳、戲劇(ju)演出(chu)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)奉(feng)獻給(gei)神靈的(de)(de)藝術供品。民間把(ba)所有(you)這(zhe)些娛神又娛人的(de)(de)活(huo)動統(tong)稱為“社(she)(she)火”。宋(song)代范成大《上(shang)元(yuan)紀吳中節物(wu)俳諧體三十二韻(yun)》：“輕薄行歌(ge)過，癲狂社(she)(she)舞(wu)狂。”自注：“民間鼓樂謂之社(she)(she)火，不可悉(xi)記，大抵以滑稽(ji)取笑(xiao)。”上(shang)黨地區(qu)的(de)(de)迎(ying)(ying)神賽社(she)(she)能夠(gou)生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)不息，繁衍千年而(er)不衰，是(shi)(shi)因為人們在宗教祭(ji)祀(si)(si)和(he)官方禮儀(yi)中找到了緩解疲勞舒展身心的(de)(de)通道，他們等(deng)待著(zhu)這(zhe)種周期性的(de)(de)、年復一(yi)年的(de)(de)盛宴(yan)到來，呈現著(zhu)真實的(de)(de)民眾狂歡和(he)世俗娛樂。

建筑

現存(cun)(cun)主(zhu)要(yao)殿(dian)(dian)宇(yu)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)清(qing)時(shi)期的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風(feng)(feng)格。廟(miao)(miao)坐北(bei)向(xiang)南(nan)，共為(wei)兩(liang)(liang)進(jin)院落(luo)，中(zhong)軸線(xian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)有山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)，戲(xi)樓、正殿(dian)(dian)，兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)有耳殿(dian)(dian)、廂房等(deng)，共有殿(dian)(dian)宇(yu)33間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)位(wei)(wei)居(ju)(ju)廟(miao)(miao)前(qian)、面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深(shen)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，單(dan)(dan)檐(yan)懸(xuan)(xuan)山(shan)(shan)頂。琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)(li)(li)脊(ji)獸，筒(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)瓦(wa)(wa)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)(li)(li)以(yi)(yi)黃(huang)綠(lv)紅(hong)三(san)(san)(san)色為(wei)主(zhu)，色彩艷(yan)麗。柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)科(ke)三(san)(san)(san)踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)下(xia)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)，昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)呈(cheng)(cheng)琴(qin)面(mian)式(shi)(shi)，耍頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)同(tong)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)型(xing)。明(ming)(ming)次(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)各(ge)(ge)施(shi)(shi)補(bu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)科(ke)，斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)科(ke)。明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)辟(pi)門(men)(men)(men)， 以(yi)(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)通(tong)(tong)道。倒座戲(xi)樓位(wei)(wei)居(ju)(ju)山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深(shen)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)兩(liang)(liang)層(ceng)，下(xia)面(mian)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)辟(pi)通(tong)(tong)道，上(shang)(shang)(shang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)戲(xi)樓，硬山(shan)(shan)頂。柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)科(ke)五(wu)踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)雙(shuang)下(xia)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)，昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)呈(cheng)(cheng)琴(qin)面(mian)式(shi)(shi)，明(ming)(ming)次(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)各(ge)(ge)施(shi)(shi)補(bu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)科(ke)兩(liang)(liang)朵，斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)形制(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)科(ke)。前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)檐(yan)圓(yuan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方額，結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)精巧。屋頂琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)(li)(li)脊(ji)獸，筒(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)布(bu)瓦(wa)(wa)裝修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)，古樸雅(ya)致(zhi)。正殿(dian)(dian)系(xi)廟(miao)(miao)內(nei)的(de)一個(ge)主(zhu)體建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)臺(tai)之(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，廣深(shen)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，六架椽屋，四(si)椽栿(fa)(fa)對前(qian)乳栿(fa)(fa)，通(tong)(tong)檐(yan)用(yong)(yong)三(san)(san)(san)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，單(dan)(dan)檐(yan)懸(xuan)(xuan)山(shan)(shan)頂。斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)高(gao)四(si)分之(zhi)一，柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)升起(qi)與(yu)(yu)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)側(ce)角(jiao)(jiao)明(ming)(ming)顯。柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)五(wu)鋪作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)單(dan)(dan)抄單(dan)(dan)下(xia)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)，昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)為(wei)琴(qin)面(mian)式(shi)(shi)，耍頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)同(tong)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)型(xing)。明(ming)(ming)次(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)各(ge)(ge)施(shi)(shi)補(bu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)一朵，出四(si)十五(wu)度斜拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)四(si)椽栿(fa)(fa)上(shang)(shang)(shang)置平(ping)梁，用(yong)(yong)脊(ji)瓜(gua)(gua)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，大(da)(da)叉手，梁架規整(zheng)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)簡練(lian)，雖經后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)多次(ci)(ci)重修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)，仍保(bao)留金代(dai)(dai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風(feng)(feng)格。殿(dian)(dian)頂琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)(li)(li)脊(ji)獸，筒(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)布(bu)瓦(wa)(wa)裝修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)，舉(ju)折平(ping)緩，出檐(yan)深(shen)遠。前(qian)檐(yan)破子欞窗(chuang)，隔扇門(men)(men)(men)裝修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)三(san)(san)(san)壁殘存(cun)(cun)人(ren)物故(gu)事，壁畫依稀可(ke)見。整(zheng)個(ge)殿(dian)(dian)堂氣(qi)勢雄(xiong)偉，古樸壯觀。 山(shan)(shan)西省重點文物保(bao)護單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)。在潞(lu)城縣東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)5千米處(chu)的(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)邑(yi)鄉(xiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)邑(yi)村(cun)中(zhong)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)緊依盧醫山(shan)(shan)，西南(nan)與(yu)(yu)農舍毗鄰居(ju)(ju)，松柏(bo)蒼(cang)翠，綠(lv)樹(shu)成蔭，景(jing)色十分優雅(ya)。該廟(miao)(miao)創建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)年代(dai)(dai)不(bu)詳(xiang)，金代(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)多次(ci)(ci)重修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)。現存(cun)(cun)主(zhu)要(yao)殿(dian)(dian)宇(yu)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)清(qing)時(shi)期的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風(feng)(feng)格。廟(miao)(miao)坐北(bei)向(xiang)南(nan)，共為(wei)兩(liang)(liang)進(jin)院落(luo)，中(zhong)軸線(xian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)有山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)，戲(xi)樓、正殿(dian)(dian)，兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)有耳殿(dian)(dian)、廂房等(deng)，共有殿(dian)(dian)宇(yu)33間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)位(wei)(wei)居(ju)(ju)廟(miao)(miao)前(qian)、面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深(shen)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，單(dan)(dan)檐(yan)懸(xuan)(xuan)山(shan)(shan)頂。琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)(li)(li)脊(ji)獸，筒(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)瓦(wa)(wa)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)(li)(li)以(yi)(yi)黃(huang)綠(lv)紅(hong)三(san)(san)(san)色為(wei)主(zhu)，色彩艷(yan)麗。柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)科(ke)三(san)(san)(san)踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)下(xia)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)，昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)呈(cheng)(cheng)琴(qin)面(mian)式(shi)(shi)，耍頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)同(tong)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)型(xing)。明(ming)(ming)次(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)各(ge)(ge)施(shi)(shi)補(bu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)科(ke)，斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)科(ke)。明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)辟(pi)門(men)(men)(men)，以(yi)(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)通(tong)(tong)道。倒座戲(xi)樓位(wei)(wei)居(ju)(ju)山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深(shen)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)兩(liang)(liang)層(ceng)，下(xia)面(mian)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)辟(pi)通(tong)(tong)道，上(shang)(shang)(shang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)戲(xi)樓，硬山(shan)(shan)頂。柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)科(ke)五(wu)踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)雙(shuang)下(xia)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)，昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)呈(cheng)(cheng)琴(qin)面(mian)式(shi)(shi)，明(ming)(ming)次(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)各(ge)(ge)施(shi)(shi)補(bu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)科(ke)兩(liang)(liang)朵，斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)形制(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)科(ke)。前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)檐(yan)圓(yuan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方額，結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)精巧。屋頂琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)(li)(li)脊(ji)獸，筒(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)布(bu)瓦(wa)(wa)裝修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)，古樸雅(ya)致(zhi)。正殿(dian)(dian)系(xi)廟(miao)(miao)內(nei)的(de)一個(ge)主(zhu)體建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)臺(tai)之(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，廣深(shen)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，六架椽屋，四(si)椽栿(fa)(fa)對前(qian)乳栿(fa)(fa)，通(tong)(tong)檐(yan)用(yong)(yong)三(san)(san)(san)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，單(dan)(dan)檐(yan)懸(xuan)(xuan)山(shan)(shan)頂。斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)高(gao)四(si)分之(zhi)一，柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)升起(qi)與(yu)(yu)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)側(ce)角(jiao)(jiao)明(ming)(ming)顯。柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)五(wu)鋪作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)單(dan)(dan)抄單(dan)(dan)下(xia)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)，昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)為(wei)琴(qin)面(mian)式(shi)(shi)，耍頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)同(tong)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)(ang)型(xing)。明(ming)(ming)次(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)各(ge)(ge)施(shi)(shi)補(bu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)一朵，出四(si)十五(wu)度斜拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)四(si)椽栿(fa)(fa)上(shang)(shang)(shang)置平(ping)梁，用(yong)(yong)脊(ji)瓜(gua)(gua)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，大(da)(da)叉手，梁架規整(zheng)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)簡練(lian)，雖經后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)多次(ci)(ci)重修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)，仍保(bao)留金代(dai)(dai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風(feng)(feng)格。殿(dian)(dian)頂琉(liu)(liu)璃(li)(li)(li)脊(ji)獸，筒(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)布(bu)瓦(wa)(wa)裝修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)，舉(ju)折平(ping)緩，出檐(yan)深(shen)遠。前(qian)檐(yan)破子欞窗(chuang)，隔扇門(men)(men)(men)裝修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)三(san)(san)(san)壁殘存(cun)(cun)人(ren)物故(gu)事，壁畫依稀可(ke)見。整(zheng)個(ge)殿(dian)(dian)堂氣(qi)勢雄(xiong)偉，古樸壯觀。東(dong)(dong)(dong)邑(yi)村(cun)距縣城東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)約(yue)10里,古稱黃(huang)邑(yi),舊屬葛井鄉(xiang)。龍(long)王廟(miao)(miao)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)村(cun)東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)，坐北(bei)面(mian)南(nan)，兩(liang)(liang)進(jin)院落(luo)。入山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)(men)靠(kao)西處(chu)有一眼(yan)水井，兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)各(ge)(ge)為(wei)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)廂房，中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)甬道直通(tong)(tong)戲(xi)臺(tai)。

戲(xi)臺三間(jian)(jian)，倒座式(shi)，即坐南朝北，面向正殿，單檐(yan)硬山頂，灰色(se)瓦頂。上下兩層，下層為(wei)(wei)通道(dao)。戲(xi)臺前檐(yan)斗拱四鋪(pu)作單下昂，卷云式(shi)昂頭(tou)(tou)。柱頭(tou)(tou)斗拱耍頭(tou)(tou)為(wei)(wei)象頭(tou)(tou)，補間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)龍(long)頭(tou)(tou)。明間(jian)(jian)雀替為(wei)(wei)龍(long)頭(tou)(tou)，兩次(ci)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)象頭(tou)(tou)。梁(liang)架由四椽、平梁(liang)構成。梁(liang)架殘存部分有(you)彩畫。

正(zheng)殿位于中軸(zhou)線(xian)最北(bei)端，坐落在長14.76米、寬13.5米、高(gao)1米的臺基之上。正(zheng)殿三間，面(mian)(mian)闊13.24米,進深11.97米，單檐(yan)懸山頂，灰瓦，大吻、垂獸、戧獸、套獸均為琉璃雕花(hua)，正(zheng)脊每面(mian)(mian)6條龍，垂脊雕鳳，均配(pei)飾牡(mu)丹，垂脊現(xian)剩一條脊剎(cha)，有“嘉慶元年五月立”題記。

龍王廟布局規整對稱(cheng)，保存(cun)完整，“神殿與(yu)戲(xi)臺(tai)結合構成神廟，是北宋以后中(zhong)國(guo)本土宗(zong)教場所的顯著特征”