簡介
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽樓(lou)樓(lou)體平面方(fang)形,四(si)(si)(si)層(ceng)(ceng)四(si)(si)(si)檐(yan)(yan),全(quan)木(mu)結構,十(shi)字(zi)(zi)歇山(shan)頂式(shi)。坐落于(yu)3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)見方(fang),1.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)高的四(si)(si)(si)個(ge)石砌墩臺(tai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上。通穿四(si)(si)(si)向(xiang)。礅臺(tai)設(she)樓(lou)梯列(lie)碑刻(ke),井(jing)藻(zao)繪文(wen)王后八卦圖。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建神臺(tai),列(lie)四(si)(si)(si)方(fang)佛(fo)坐像(文(wen)革時砸毀)。三層(ceng)(ceng)高4米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設(she)蓮花臺(tai),塑以(yi)5尺高觀音大(da)士泥像。四(si)(si)(si)層(ceng)(ceng)高3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)空無物為游人眺覽全(quan)城(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所在(zai)(zai)。頂高4米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),仞高2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),一(yi)色琉璃脊獸鋪砌,全(quan)樓(lou)上下(xia)于(yu)南(nan)北雙向(xiang)懸掛大(da)小牌(pai)匾(bian)(bian)14塊,皆為歷代境中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)書法名人手跡,牌(pai)匾(bian)(bian)文(wen)字(zi)(zi)南(nan)向(xiang)一(yi)檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)書“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和位育”,側(ce)匾(bian)(bian)書“帶(dai)汾水(shui),襟(jin)霍山(shan)”。南(nan)向(xiang)二檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)匾(bian)(bian)書“行孝(xiao)(xiao)仗義(yi)”,側(ce)匾(bian)(bian)書“向(xiang)南(nan)斗”、“銜(xian)衡(heng)岳”。北向(xiang)一(yi)檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)匾(bian)(bian)書“光被四(si)(si)(si)表”,側(ce)匾(bian)(bian)書“控云朔”、“位中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樞”。北向(xiang)二檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)匾(bian)(bian)書“縱覽四(si)(si)(si)宇”,側(ce)匾(bian)(bian)書“倚太恒”、“拱(gong)北極(ji)”。南(nan)北四(si)(si)(si)檐(yan)(yan)下(xia)各懸一(yi)匾(bian)(bian),文(wen)為“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽樓(lou)”三字(zi)(zi),此外,在(zai)(zai)一(yi)樓(lou)南(nan)向(xiang)檐(yan)(yan)柱上掛一(yi)副木(mu)刻(ke)對聯(lian)上聯(lian)“孝(xiao)(xiao)為人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本”,下(xia)聯(lian)“義(yi)乃君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宗”。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陽樓(lou)層(ceng)(ceng)檐(yan)(yan)迭(die)峭,巍峨壯觀,雕梁畫棟,牌(pai)匾(bian)(bian)四(si)(si)(si)懸。樓(lou)頂脊獸奇特,流金溢彩,樓(lou)底(di)碑刻(ke)6通,志記(ji)修葺事項。
歷史沿革
據碑記載,中陽樓始建于漢魏,元大德七年地震坍(tan)毀,何年復建不詳(xiang),清(qing)同治七年(1868)又遭(zao)雷火,清(qing)宣(xuan)統元年(1909)重(zhong)建,解放(fang)后縣政府撥款,分別于1957年,1983年進(jin)行了兩次較大的全面修葺。中陽樓是晉(jin)中和呂梁(liang)地區保存至今結構最(zui)完整
規模最大的(de)樓(lou)式古建筑,是孝(xiao)義市歷(li)史街區(qu)(qu)及重(zhong)大繁(fan)華貿易區(qu)(qu)的(de)標志性建筑,不僅再現(xian)了這(zhe)一地區(qu)(qu)市樓(lou)的(de)建筑風格,而且反(fan)映了這(zhe)一區(qu)(qu)域歷(li)史發展進程中的(de)商(shang)業盛衰信息,具(ju)有(you)(you)很高的(de)歷(li)史價(jia)值和科學(xue)價(jia)值。樓(lou)內藻井富(fu)麗華美,結(jie)構合理(li),建筑彩畫色彩艷麗,繪(hui)有(you)(you)封(feng)神榜(bang)、水滸傳(chuan)、岳(yue)飛傳(chuan)等有(you)(you)關人物故事,內容豐富(fu),具(ju)有(you)(you)較高的(de)藝術價(jia)值。
人文歷史
樓(lou)(lou)內存碑(bei)(bei)六通,其(qi)中(zhong)一通為(wei)中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民國(guo)五年所(suo)立建筑(zhu)中(zhong)陽樓(lou)(lou)并永安市場記,碑(bei)(bei)載:“自漢(han)唐西河設郡,孝義為(wei)一方重(zhong)鎮,車(che)騎(qi)繽紛,商(shang)賈(jia)麋至,往(wang)來郡城(cheng)者,多道出期(qi)間(jian),然孝義雖(sui)郡城(cheng)之(zhi)保(bao)障(zhang),而平(ping)霍(huo)襟前云(yun)朔(shuo)控后久(jiu)以為(wei)南北孔道此中(zhong)陽樓(lou)(lou)之(zhi)命名所(suo)由起(qi)也。”反(fan)映(ying)了中(zhong)陽樓(lou)(lou)所(suo)處環境是(shi)歷來文墨、商(shang)人往(wang)來必榻(ta)之(zhi)地,折射出昔日之(zhi)繁華(hua)(hua)。其(qi)余五碑(bei)(bei)皆民國(guo)所(suo)立功德(de)碑(bei)(bei)
樓內存碑(bei)六通(tong),其中一通(tong)為中華(hua)(hua)民國五年所立《建筑中陽(yang)樓并(bing)永安市場記》,碑(bei)載:“自漢(han)唐西河設郡,孝義為一方重(zhong)鎮,車騎(qi)繽(bin)紛(fen),商賈麋(mi)至,往來(lai)郡城者(zhe),多(duo)道出期間,然孝義雖(sui)郡城之(zhi)(zhi)保障,而平霍襟(jin)前云(yun)朔控后久(jiu)以(yi)為南(nan)北孔(kong)道此中陽(yang)樓之(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)名所由起也。”反映了中陽(yang)樓所處環境是(shi)歷來(lai)文墨(mo)、商人(ren)往來(lai)必榻之(zhi)(zhi)地,折射出昔(xi)日之(zhi)(zhi)繁華(hua)(hua)。其余五碑(bei)皆(jie)民國所立功德(de)碑(bei)。
中(zhong)陽樓(lou)是(shi)晉(jin)中(zhong)和呂梁地(di)區(qu)(qu)保(bao)存(cun)至(zhi)今結構最完整規模最大的(de)(de)樓(lou)式(shi)古(gu)建(jian)筑,是(shi)孝義市歷史(shi)街(jie)區(qu)(qu)及重大繁華(hua)貿易(yi)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)標(biao)志性建(jian)筑,不僅再(zai)現了這一地(di)區(qu)(qu)市樓(lou)的(de)(de)建(jian)筑風格,而且反映了這一區(qu)(qu)域(yu)歷史(shi)發展(zhan)進程中(zhong)的(de)(de)商業盛衰信息,具有很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)價值(zhi)和科學價值(zhi)。樓(lou)內藻(zao)井富麗華(hua)美,結構合理(li),建(jian)筑彩畫色彩艷麗,繪(hui)有《封神(shen)榜》、《水滸傳》、《岳飛傳》等(deng)有關人(ren)物故事(shi),內容豐富,具有較高(gao)的(de)(de)藝術價值(zhi)。
民俗文化
該樓集建(jian)筑(zhu)書法、雕(diao)塑、石(shi)刻、繪(hui)畫等(deng)藝(yi)術形式(shi)于一(yi)體,為我省少見的文化(hua)內涵豐富(fu)的古建(jian)筑(zhu)之一(yi)。
結構特點
樓施以(yi)永定柱(zhu)(zhu)造(zao),一(yi)(yi)至三層(ceng)設(she)(she)回廊(lang)(lang),二檐(yan)為平座檐(yan),二、三層(ceng)廊(lang)(lang)柱(zhu)(zhu)立于下(xia)層(ceng)抱(bao)頭(tou)梁(liang)之(zhi)上(shang),由下(xia)往(wang)上(shang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)層(ceng)內(nei)(nei)收(shou),造(zao)型(xing)美(mei)觀,比(bi)例協調。各(ge)(ge)(ge)抱(bao)頭(tou)梁(liang)與(yu)(yu)內(nei)(nei)柱(zhu)(zhu)相錯,設(she)(she)于內(nei)(nei)柱(zhu)(zhu)平身(shen)斗拱(gong)之(zhi)上(shang),保證了金(jin)柱(zhu)(zhu)的(de)完整(zheng)性和堅固(gu)性,結(jie)構(gou)特(te)殊,是樓閣建筑中(zhong)少見之(zhi)結(jie)構(gou)。各(ge)(ge)(ge)層(ceng)內(nei)(nei)設(she)(she)蘭、普均(jun)與(yu)(yu)金(jin)柱(zhu)(zhu)交插(cha),形成圈梁(liang),各(ge)(ge)(ge)層(ceng)角(jiao)廊(lang)(lang)柱(zhu)(zhu)腳設(she)(she)有(you)腳梁(liang),結(jie)構(gou)穩(wen)固(gu)。樓各(ge)(ge)(ge)檐(yan)均(jun)設(she)(she)斗拱(gong),由于抱(bao)頭(tou)梁(liang)未插(cha)交與(yu)(yu)金(jin)柱(zhu)(zhu),故一(yi)(yi)至三層(ceng)斗拱(gong)均(jun)不座于平柱(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)之(zhi)上(shang)。一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)內(nei)(nei)頂(ding)部設(she)(she)藻井(jing),由七(qi)踩(cai)(cai)三翹斗拱(gong)層(ceng)層(ceng)疊起,中(zhong)繪八卦(gua)圖案。一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)斗拱(gong)內(nei)(nei)外(wai)三踩(cai)(cai)單(dan)昂造(zao),材寬(kuan)(kuan)70毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米,高(gao)(gao)155毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米,各(ge)(ge)(ge)面(mian)(mian)平身(shen)科五(wu)(wu)攢;二層(ceng)斗拱(gong)內(nei)(nei)外(wai)三踩(cai)(cai)出單(dan)翹,材寬(kuan)(kuan)70 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米,高(gao)(gao)155 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米,各(ge)(ge)(ge)面(mian)(mian)平身(shen)科四攢;三層(ceng)斗拱(gong)內(nei)(nei)外(wai)五(wu)(wu)踩(cai)(cai)重翹,材寬(kuan)(kuan)70毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米,高(gao)(gao)155毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米,各(ge)(ge)(ge)面(mian)(mian)平身(shen)科三攢;頂(ding)層(ceng)斗拱(gong)七(qi)踩(cai)(cai)三昂,里轉(zhuan)七(qi)踩(cai)(cai)三翹,材寬(kuan)(kuan)80毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米,高(gao)(gao)180毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米,各(ge)(ge)(ge)面(mian)(mian)平身(shen)科兩攢。頂(ding)層(ceng)屋架十(shi)字歇山,于各(ge)(ge)(ge)角(jiao)至脊(ji)檁(lin)中(zhong)部設(she)(she)角(jiao)戧(chuang)支(zhi)撐,檁(lin)中(zhong)設(she)(she)垂蓮柱(zhu)(zhu)。屋頂(ding)設(she)(she)黃、綠(lv)色琉(liu)璃(li)脊(ji)吻,造(zao)型(xing)美(mei)觀,制作精制。