浙江(jiang)衢(qu)(qu)州孔(kong)氏(shi)(shi)南(nan)宗家廟(miao)坐落于衢(qu)(qu)州市(shi)區府山街(jie)道新橋街(jie),是全(quan)國重點文物(wu)保護單位。衢(qu)(qu)州孔(kong)廟(miao)是全(quan)國僅有的兩家孔(kong)氏(shi)(shi)家廟(miao)之一,素稱“南(nan)宗”。(北宗:山東曲(qu)阜)
孔子(zi)(zi),生于公(gong)元前(qian)551年,卒于公(gong)元前(qian)479年,春(chun)秋(qiu)時魯國人。是(shi)中國歷(li)史上偉大(da)的(de)(de)思想家和教育家,被歷(li)代(dai)帝皇奉(feng)為(wei)圣(sheng)明(ming)。據史載,北(bei)宋末年,宋都汴京(今河南(nan)開封(feng))陷入金兵之手。宋高宗(zong)趙構倉促南(nan)渡,孔子(zi)(zi)第(di)四十七代(dai)裔(yi)孫、衍圣(sheng)公(gong)孔端友(you),負著(zhu)孔子(zi)(zi)和亓(qi)官夫(fu)人(孔子(zi)(zi)夫(fu)人)的(de)(de)一對楷木(mu)像(據傳為(wei)孔子(zi)(zi)學生子(zi)(zi)貢所(suo)刻),離(li)開山東(dong)曲阜南(nan)來,定居(ju)于衢州(zhou)。宋高宗(zong)寶(bao)祐三年(公(gong)元1255年),敕建(jian)孔氏家廟,為(wei)南(nan)宗(zong)。孔子(zi)(zi)后裔(yi)子(zi)(zi)孫已在(zai)衢州(zhou)度過了(le) 800 多個春(chun)秋(qiu)。衢州(zhou)作為(wei)孔子(zi)(zi)后裔(yi)的(de)(de)第(di)二故鄉,向有“東(dong)南(nan)闕里”之稱。
全(quan)國的“一(yi)城三孔(kong)廟”所指的就(jiu)是柯城。在衢州(zhou)市(shi)區縣(xian)學街縣(xian)學公園內(nei),還有一(yi)專門記載衢州(zhou)“一(yi)城三孔(kong)廟”(衢州(zhou)府孔(kong)廟、西安縣(xian)孔(kong)廟、南宗孔(kong)氏(shi)家廟)的“石書(shu)”。
衢州孔(kong)廟曾經三遷三建,十(shi)(shi)多次修葺。現址的孔(kong)廟為明武宗正德(de)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(公元1520年)所建,位于衢州府城東隅(yu),占地(di)約20畝,基本上(shang)是按(an)照(zhao)山東曲阜孔(kong)廟的規模來規劃建造。建筑占地(di)面積約13900平(ping)方(fang)米(mi),分為孔(kong)廟、孔(kong)府及(ji)后花園三部(bu)分。
整個建筑群(qun)坐北(bei)朝南,平面(mian)呈(cheng)縱長(chang)形,以(yi)3條軸線(xian)布局。東(dong)軸線(xian)上(shang)有孔塾、崇圣(sheng)門(men)、崇圣(sheng)祠(ci)、圣(sheng)澤(ze)樓(lou)等建筑。中(zhong)軸線(xian)上(shang)有孔廟(miao)大(da)門(men)、大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)門(men)、甬道、大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)、東(dong)西(xi)(xi)廡等建筑。西(xi)(xi)軸線(xian)上(shang)有五支祠(ci)、襲(xi)封祠(ci)、六代公爵祠(ci)、思魯閣等建筑。西(xi)(xi)軸線(xian)稍(shao)西(xi)(xi)為(wei)世襲(xi)博(bo)士署,即孔府奉祀官府。家廟(miao)歷經(jing)各代的(de)多次維修,但仍保留宋代的(de)建筑形制和規模。
廟(miao)前(qian)設有“金(jin)聲(sheng)”、“玉(yu)振(zhen)(zhen)”、“欞(ling)星”、“大成”四(si)門(men)(men)(men)。前(qian)左(zuo)為(wei)“金(jin)聲(sheng)門(men)(men)(men)”,右為(wei)“玉(yu)振(zhen)(zhen)門(men)(men)(men)”,金(jin)聲(sheng)、玉(yu)振(zhen)(zhen)兩門(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)外,有“德侔天地”、“道冠古今”兩塊牌坊。廟(miao)門(men)(men)(men)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)座單體歇山頂建筑(zhu).在石須彌座的圍(wei)墻襯(chen)托(tuo)下(xia),顯得威嚴莊重。廟(miao)門(men)(men)(men)上方,懸掛著一(yi)(yi)塊由當(dang)代書法(fa)家沙(sha)孟海題字(zi)的“衢州孔(kong)氏家廟(miao)”額(e),字(zi)體蒼勁有力。據了(le)解,廟(miao)門(men)(men)(men)是根據明代衢州孔(kong)氏家廟(miao)圖,結合(he)清代建筑(zhu)風格(ge)重新設計(ji)證。進(jin)而(er)正中,立石結構(gou)三拱式(shi)的“欞(ling)星門(men)(men)(men)”,再進(jin)為(wei)“大成門(men)(men)(men)”,門(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)左(zuo)右均為(wei)碑(bei)亭,立宋(song)寶祐間(jian)祀部(bu)尚書、翰林學士趙汝(ru)騰撰寫的創建家廟(miao)碑(bei)等十七塊碑(bei)石,碑(bei)文(wen)均由當(dang)朝政要,社會名儒撰記。
進大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)門可上佾(yi)(yì古代(dai)(dai)樂舞的(de)(de)行列,一(yi)(yi)行八人叫一(yi)(yi)佾(yi))臺,是祭祀孔(kong)子(zi)時歌舞的(de)(de)地方(fang)一(yi)(yi)座全(quan)部由青石鋪成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)170 個方(fang)米的(de)(de)佾(yi)臺,緊接佾(yi)臺的(de)(de)是孔(kong)廟(miao)的(de)(de)主殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),是廟(miao)內(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)高(gao)建筑,這是一(yi)(yi)座重檐歇山頂明代(dai)(dai)建筑,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閣雄偉、氣勢(shi)不凡。雙(shuang)重飛檐中(zhong)立有(you)一(yi)(yi)塊豎(shu)匾(bian)(bian),上書“大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”三字,檐下掛(gua)著“生民來有(you)”匾(bian)(bian)額(e),為清(qing)代(dai)(dai)雍(yong)正皇(huang)帝(di)砌筆(bi)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)一(yi)(yi)塊清(qing)代(dai)(dai)康熙皇(huang)帝(di)撰寫的(de)(de)“萬世師表”原(yuan)額(e),懸掛(gua)在正殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上方(fang)。大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)23米,長(chang)和(he)寬各9米。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)正中(zhong)是孔(kong)子(zi)座像,兩(liang)(liang)旁侍(shi)立著其子(zi)伯魚及孫子(zi)思像。橫梁上懸有(you)十(shi)余塊歷(li)代(dai)(dai)帝(di)皇(huang)御書匾(bian)(bian)額(e)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)共有(you)木質(zhi)圓柱12根。其中(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)圓柱周長(chang)1.80米,大(da)(da)(da)人伸展雙(shuang)臂(bei)也難以抱全(quan)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)通道的(de)(de)東西(xi)兩(liang)(liang)側各有(you)九間房子(zi),叫“兩(liang)(liang)廡(wu)”,掛(gua)供奉先(xian)賢的(de)(de)地方(fang)。東西(xi)兩(liang)(liang)廡(wu)祀十(shi)二哲、中(zhong)興祖孔(kong)仁玉以及孔(kong)傳(chuan)、孔(kong)端友。
金聲門左,是家(jia)塾(shu)所在,內進為(wei)祟圣祠,祠后是圣澤樓、舊稱御節(jie)樓,祠前稍西為(wei)報功祠,祀官(guan)紳之有功于南宗者。玉振門右(you)有五支祠、襲封(feng)祠、六代公(gong)爵(jue)祠及思(si)魯閣等(deng)建筑。思(si)魯閣上奉孔子(zi)及亓官(guan)夫(fu)人楷木(mu)像,像高(gao)不足兩尺。孔子(zi)長(chang)袍大袖,亓官(guan)夫(fu)人長(chang)裙垂地,形象生動。閣下立(li)有“先(xian)圣遺像”碑(bei),碑(bei)高(gao)2.07米(mi),寬0.85米(mi)。相傳為(wei)孔端友根據唐代畫家(jia)吳道子(zi)手跡摹刻的(de)。
在(zai)家廟之西,連接世襲(xi)翰林院五經博(bo)士(shi)府(俗稱孔府或博(bo)士(shi)衙門)。博(bo)士(shi)府后進為內宅,與家廟大成殿齊(qi)平。
孔氏大宗(zong),世屬鄒魯(lu)。靖康之難,大宗(zong)南來(lai),宋金對(dui)峙,孔裔(yi)始分南北兩宗(zong)。
建(jian)炎二年(公元1128年),宋(song)高宗趙構因受金兵進犯所(suo)迫,舉朝(chao)南(nan)(nan)遷。此(ci)(ci)時在山(shan)東(dong)已被御封“衍圣公”的孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子第47代嫡(di)孫孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)端友及其(qi)部分(fen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氏(shi)族人,也一起攜帶了(le)那對(dui)“孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)家傳世珍寶”———孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子夫婦楷(kai)木像及畫像,隨(sui)(sui)后南(nan)(nan)渡至浙江衢(qu)州落(luo)腳。次(ci)年,高宗又(you)御準(zhun)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)端友等在衢(qu)州興(xing)建(jian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)府(fu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)廟,在此(ci)(ci)生息。而(er)未(wei)隨(sui)(sui)駕南(nan)(nan)遷的,則仍(reng)留在山(shan)東(dong)曲阜(fu)。至此(ci)(ci)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氏(shi)后裔,便(bian)形成了(le)南(nan)(nan)北二宗。
紹興二年,孔(kong)(kong)(kong)玠(jie)襲封(feng)為(wei)衍圣公,暫時留居在衢(qu)(qu)州(zhou)的孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子世(shi)家(jia)決定定居在衢(qu)(qu)州(zhou),多次請求在衢(qu)(qu)州(zhou)建立家(jia)廟,到紹興六年宋高宗趙構“詔權(quan)(衢(qu)(qu)州(zhou))州(zhou)學為(wei)家(jia)廟”。從此,孔(kong)(kong)(kong)氏宗子就在衢(qu)(qu)州(zhou)生息。
起(qi)初,家廟(miao)“時尚草創,即庠(xiang)為家廟(miao),酌田(tian)供(gong)禮,未有(you)定數”。后(hou)宋高(gao)宗(zong)頒賜銅印(yin),賜田(tian)五頃,以供(gong)族人(ren)祀祭(ji),孔氏南(nan)遷者才逐漸安定下(xia)來。從宋高(gao)宗(zong)以后(hou)的(de)四代皇帝,都尊重宋高(gao)宗(zong)旨意。
南(nan)宋(song)王(wang)朝末期,形勢發生根本(ben)變化,宋(song)理宗(zong)端平元年(nian)(公元1234年(nian)),蒙(meng)古(gu)滅了金(jin)王(wang)朝。按(an)照蒙(meng)古(gu)與南(nan)宋(song)訂立的(de)協(xie)議,滅金(jin)之后,南(nan)宋(song)王(wang)朝可(ke)收(shou)復(fu)失地,回汴京。然而,蒙(meng)古(gu)卻(que)違約。南(nan)宋(song)不僅沒有收(shou)復(fu)中原,反而失去(qu)更多的(de)疆土。在衢(qu)州(zhou)定居的(de)孔子世(shi)家,再也(ye)不可(ke)能(neng)回到(dao)山東去(qu)。宋(song)理宗(zong)于寶祐元年(nian)(1253年(nian)),以現實(shi)的(de)態(tai)度,準衢(qu)州(zhou)知州(zhou)孫子秀之請(qing),在衢(qu)州(zhou)為孔子世(shi)家,興(xing)建(jian)家廟(miao)。
宋理宗寶祐元年(公(gong)元1243年)準(zhun)許衢州知州孫子(zi)秀(xiu)之(zhi)請,撥款三十六萬緡,興(xing)建(jian)了一座孔(kong)氏衢州家廟,以(yi)衢州州學(xue)權代孔(kong)氏衢州家廟的局面,才告結束(shu)。州官孫子(zi)秀(xiu)也因建(jian)孔(kong)氏衢州家廟,而升(sheng)為太常丞。
元朝(chao)(chao)建立,孔(kong)(kong)氏(shi)五(wu)十(shi)二代孫(sun)時,元世祖欲統一孔(kong)(kong)氏(shi)二宗,讓南(nan)宗仍回(hui)歸山東。而南(nan)宗五(wu)十(shi)二代孫(sun)卻申(shen)奏朝(chao)(chao)廷,意(yi)謂已有五(wu)代祖先在衢(qu),舍(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)忍,并愿將世襲(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“衍圣(sheng)公”封號讓于(yu)北宗孔(kong)(kong)氏(shi)族弟承襲(xi)。元世祖聞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贊曰(yue):“寧違榮而不(bu)違親,真圣(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后也”,遂準其(qi)奏。自此,南(nan)宗失其(qi)爵(jue)位,社會地(di)位日衰,曾(ceng)一度淪為平民,直至(zhi)五(wu)十(shi)八代孫(sun)時,才(cai)又被朝(chao)(chao)廷冊封為“五(wu)經博(bo)士”爵(jue)號,子(zi)孫(sun)世襲(xi)。然而,因其(qi)衰落了(le)幾(ji)個朝(chao)(chao)代,加之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衢(qu)州地(di)處浙(zhe)南(nan),乃歷代兵(bing)家爭奪要(yao)地(di),南(nan)宗孔(kong)(kong)廟(miao)屢遭浩(hao)劫,遠不(bu)如(ru)北宗山東曲阜孔(kong)(kong)府孔(kong)(kong)廟(miao)保存完好。故至(zhi)今只以北宗曲阜的孔(kong)(kong)氏(shi)家族為正宗。
南宋和金的(de)割據(ju)和對峙,導致(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的(de)分(fen)裂(lie)(lie),也使(shi)得孔子(zi)裔(yi)孫(sun)南北隔離。這種同時并存兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)宗(zong)子(zi)、兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)衍圣公的(de)分(fen)裂(lie)(lie)局面,長達150多(duo)年,但是積淀在中(zhong)(zhong)華民族深層的(de)“大中(zhong)(zhong)華”“大一統”的(de)思想,必然會(hui)促使(shi)分(fen)裂(lie)(lie)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo),重新(xin)歸于統一。
元(yuan)(yuan)世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖完成統(tong)(tong)一大業之(zhi)后(hou),發(fa)現了(le)關于(yu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩個情況:其(qi)一,東平(ping)宣撫(fu)使姚樞起奏曰:“太宗(zong)(zong)世(shi)(shi)(shi),詔孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)孫(sun)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)元(yuan)(yuan)措壟衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)卒,其(qi)子(zi)(zi)與族人爭襲爵”;其(qi)二,至(zhi)(zhi)元(yuan)(yuan)十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1276年(nian))六月(yue),元(yuan)(yuan)兵(bing)攻下衢州(zhou)(zhou)時(shi),發(fa)現衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)二世(shi)(shi)(shi)孫(sun)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)(zhu)仍(reng)然健(jian)在(zai)。為(wei)了(le)維護(hu)中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)禮儀和(he)傳統(tong)(tong),為(wei)了(le)“大一統(tong)(tong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)帝國(guo)昌盛(sheng),經(jing)過數年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調查和(he)思考,元(yuan)(yuan)世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖明確(que)了(le)“孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)后(hou),自(zi)宋南(nan)(nan)渡初,孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)四(si)十(shi)(shi)七世(shi)(shi)(shi)孫(sun)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)端操第(di)四(si)子(zi)(zi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)玠寓衢。……孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氏(shi)子(zi)(zi)孫(sun)寓衢者乃其(qi)宗(zong)(zong)子(zi)(zi)。”至(zhi)(zhi)元(yuan)(yuan)十(shi)(shi)九年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1282年(nian))十(shi)(shi)一月(yue),元(yuan)(yuan)世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖為(wei)統(tong)(tong)一孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia),下詔“江(jiang)南(nan)(nan)衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)入覲,命歸(gui)曲阜襲封(feng)。”這項決定符合中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)封(feng)建宗(zong)(zong)法(fa)制度,有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)裔分離歸(gui)于(yu)統(tong)(tong)一。但是,在(zai)榮譽(yu)和(he)利(li)祿(lu)到來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)刻(ke),江(jiang)南(nan)(nan)衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)(zhu)卻(que)懷著仁義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)念,以衢州(zhou)(zhou)有(you)(you)家(jia)廟(miao),有(you)(you)五(wu)代(dai)(dai)先祖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陵墓以及(ji)年(nian)邁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老母為(wei)由(you),請(qing)求(qiu)朝廷讓他回歸(gui)衢州(zhou)(zhou),率已經(jing)南(nan)(nan)遷在(zai)江(jiang)南(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)眾(zhong)多族人,繼續在(zai)衢州(zhou)(zhou)奉祀(si)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)等列祖列宗(zong)(zong),懇請(qing)皇上將衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)爵位賜予曲阜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)族弟孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)治。元(yuan)(yuan)世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖同意了(le)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)請(qing)求(qiu),封(feng)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)“國(guo)子(zi)(zi)祭酒(jiu)兼提舉浙江(jiang)學校事”,并且給他“護(hu)持陵廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)璽書”,對孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)(zhu)讓爵的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高尚品格,元(yuan)(yuan)世(shi)(shi)(shi)祖十(shi)(shi)分感慨地贊頌說:“寧違榮而不違親,真圣(sheng)(sheng)人后(hou)也!”
元(yuan)世祖(zu)的(de)(de)決策,造(zao)成(cheng)了南遷的(de)(de)孔子(zi)后裔(yi)具有(you)兩重身份:一(yi)是(shi)仍然(ran)和過去一(yi)樣,具有(you)一(yi)整套的(de)(de)宗族組織系統,讓(rang)了爵(jue)位的(de)(de)孔洙及(ji)其嫡(di)長(chang)子(zi)孫,持有(you)元(yuan)世祖(zu)簽發的(de)(de)“護持陵廟的(de)(de)璽書(shu)”,仍然(ran)是(shi)這(zhe)個(ge)特殊人群的(de)(de)首領。這(zhe)個(ge)特殊人群,仍然(ran)以衢州家廟為(wei)祭祀場所,進行著(zhu)正常的(de)(de)禮儀(yi)活動。因此,南北兩部分孔子(zi)后裔(yi),雖(sui)然(ran)在元(yuan)世祖(zu)的(de)(de)促(cu)使下(xia)互相認同了,但是(shi)孔子(zi)世家在實質(zhi)上,仍然(ran)分為(wei)兩部分,一(yi)部分在曲阜,一(yi)部分在衢州。
從孔(kong)洙(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)讓爵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)的(de)正統地位(wei)被廢(fei)除。元朝(chao)統治(zhi)者為了(le)(le)避免孔(kong)氏(shi)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)兩宗(zong)日(ri)后(hou)相互嫌隙而生爭(zheng)執,更(geng)不(bu)(bu)允許(xu)南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)背忘孔(kong)洙(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)讓爵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風,制(zhi)(zhi)訂(ding)了(le)(le)《整(zheng)治(zhi)孔(kong)氏(shi)弟子違(wei)犯家(jia)(jia)(jia)規》的(de)典章,修訂(ding)了(le)(le)《孔(kong)氏(shi)南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)家(jia)(jia)(jia)規》,立有(you)“遵(zun)制(zhi)(zhi)典”“端教(jiao)源”“示勸懲”“防冒姓”“嚴詭寄”“守祀田”“責報本”等條款,“行令在衢子孫(sun)永遵(zun)制(zhi)(zhi)典,恪守祖風,有(you)違(wei)者以(yi)不(bu)(bu)忠(zhong)不(bu)(bu)孝論。置之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重典,永有(you)敘錄(lu)。”如(ru)(ru)此(ci)種(zhong)種(zhong),格外嚴厲。這(zhe)樣,南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)的(de)政治(zhi)經(jing)濟(ji)地位(wei)一落千丈,宗(zong)室逐漸衰(shuai)敗。他們的(de)衣(yi)冠禮儀如(ru)(ru)同(tong)平民(min);祭田須(xu)納(na)(na)課稅,家(jia)(jia)(jia)廟無力(li)維修;族人(ren)難入(ru)仕途,只能沉浮于書院山長和(he)儒學教(jiao)諭(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)。據《衢州(zhou)東隅老執結為孔(kong)彥(yan)繩實系南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)嫡宗(zong)孫(sun)乞分豁(huo)祭田糧額(e)事》記(ji)載,明洪(hong)武十九(jiu)年(nian)(1386年(nian)),“因有(you)民(min)人(ren)王希達隨母改(gai)嫁來家(jia)(jia)(jia)(南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)家(jia)(jia)(jia)廟),相依住過,冒投同(tong)籍,本人(ren)為事累(lei)及,前田抄沒入(ru)官,改(gai)科重糧壹佰貳拾陸石零,以(yi)致子孫(sun)辦理納(na)(na)艱難,歲(sui)租不(bu)(bu)敷(fu)……”這(zhe)種(zhong)日(ri)見困苦的(de)歲(sui)月,南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)世(shi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)經(jing)歷了(le)(le)六代(dai)200余年(nian)。孔(kong)彥(yan)繩尚(shang)且如(ru)(ru)此(ci),其(qi)他南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)孔(kong)裔更(geng)趨窮困潦倒,還有(you)能力(li)培養人(ren)才嗎?這(zhe)樣,應該(gai)說(shuo),孔(kong)洙(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)讓爵是(shi)南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)中(zhong)衰(shuai)的(de)主要原因。