人(ren)(ren)物介紹李元(yuan)(yuan)諒(732),唐代安息(xi)(今伊朗)人(ren)(ren),本姓(xing)(xing)安,出生于伊斯蘭教世家。自幼由宦官(guan)駱(luo)奉先收養,改姓(xing)(xing)駱(luo),名(ming)元(yuan)(yuan)光。唐德宗(zong)時著名(ming)將(jiang)領,曾數次參加平叛,屢建(jian)功績,升華州刺史(shi),加檢校尚(shang)書左仆射,封武康郡(jun)王(wang)。德宗(zong)貞元(yuan)(yuan)三(san)年(787年),吐蕃向(xiang)大唐請和(he),雙方(fang)商定會(hui)盟于平涼(liang)。吐蕃劫(jie)盟,駱(luo)元(yuan)(yuan)光率部接應,救出會(hui)盟主帥渾瑊,其余隨行官(guan)員千余人(ren)(ren)皆被俘,當時如無駱(luo)元(yuan)(yuan)光的(de)機智果(guo)斷,則會(hui)全軍(jun)覆沒。故此,唐德宗(zong)予以嘉獎,并賜姓(xing)(xing)李氏(shi),改名(ming)元(yuan)(yuan)諒。
貞元四年(nian)(788年(nian)),加封(feng)李(li)(li)元諒為(wei)(wei)(wei)隴右節度(du)使,駐守(shou)良原(今(jin)靈(ling)臺縣(xian)梁(liang)原)。不久又(you)(you)擴(kuo)展防區,收復失地,新(xin)筑崇信(xin)城(cheng)(cheng)。貞元九(jiu)年(nian)(793年(nian))十(shi)(shi)一月,李(li)(li)元諒因積勞(lao)成疾,長眠于這片他曾為(wei)(wei)(wei)此付出了半生心血(xue)的(de)地方(fang),享年(nian)六十(shi)(shi)二歲。根據他的(de)遺愿,人們把(ba)他的(de)墳墓筑在崇信(xin)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)北面的(de)高山上。1981年(nian)9月10日,被(bei)甘肅省人民(min)政府公(gong)布為(wei)(wei)(wei)省級重點文物保護單位。武康(kang)王廟(miao):第(di)五批全國重點文物保護單位。明、清時又(you)(you)名李(li)(li)元諒寢宮,俗稱(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao),為(wei)(wei)(wei)奉祀唐代武康(kang)郡王、隴右節度(du)使李(li)(li)元諒而建。位于甘肅省平(ping)涼市崇信(xin)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)街。占(zhan)地3337平(ping)方(fang)米,由(you)寢宮和拜(bai)殿組成。
梁、檁交接處用蜀柱帶(dai)斗拱。斗拱用材較大(da),斗拱與(yu)柱子(zi)之(zhi)比為 27%;檐柱內傾,柱子(zi)斷面(mian)(mian)與(yu)高(gao)度(du)為1:8.13;屋(wu)頂平緩,屋(wu)頂起(qi)坡(po)與(yu)跨度(du)的比例為1:3.58。 拜(bai)殿面(mian)(mian)闊五(wu)間,進(jin)深一間,磚(zhuan)木結構,四檁卷棚(peng)頂,兩山(shan)做成攢尖(jian)式樣。柱頭(tou)施(shi)三踩單昂(ang)頭(tou)栱,昂(ang)頭(tou)雕成象鼻、虎頭(tou)、鳳頭(tou),外拽瓜栱透雕行(xing)龍或卷草(cao)紋。
武康王廟是甘肅保存的為(wei)數(shu)不多的有元代特點的木構建筑(zhu)之一,其鋪作形制、材(cai)分制度基本合乎(hu)宋《營造(zao)法式》的規定,但又融合了明代手法和甘肅地方工藝(yi),具(ju)有一定的藝(yi)術價值和科學價值。2001年06月25日,武康王廟作為(wei)明、清(qing)時期古(gu)建筑(zhu),被國務院(yuan)批準列入第五批全(quan)國重點文物保護單位名單。
據(ju)縣(xian)(xian)志記載(zai),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)因他“開(kai)拓疆土,修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鎮城(cheng),德被民(min)(min)(min)(min)生,感恩(en)王功”,于唐德宗(zong)貞(zhen)元(yuan)(yuan)十(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(797年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))前(qian)后(hou),在縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)東(dong)門(men)外一百二(er)十(shi)步(bu)建(jian)(jian)祠塑像,春秋祭(ji)祀。宋哲宗(zong)紹圣四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1097年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)王需修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)繕廟(miao)(miao)貌(mao)。明(ming)(ming)太(tai)祖洪(hong)武(wu)(wu)(wu)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1370年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),縣(xian)(xian)民(min)(min)(min)(min)李斗等人(ren)(ren)遷建(jian)(jian)城(cheng)內(nei)。明(ming)(ming)英宗(zong)天(tian)順七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1463年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)吉泰(tai)將(jiang)原廟(miao)(miao)址內(nei)四(si)根宋、元(yuan)(yuan)時期(qi)鐫刻石柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)移入,建(jian)(jian)亭(ting)于殿(dian)(dian)前(qian)。明(ming)(ming)神宗(zong)萬歷三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1650年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)邊國(guo)(guo)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)以(yi)塑像主次不當(dang),又未能(neng)變更,將(jiang)大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)改為寢宮,另(ling)建(jian)(jian)正(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)于前(qian)。明(ming)(ming)思宗(zong)崇(chong)(chong)禎六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1633年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),兵燹(xian)殿(dian)(dian)亭(ting)俱毀,僅剩寢宮。清德宗(zong)光緒二(er)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1899年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)陳(chen)兆(zhao)康(kang)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)繕大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian),并重修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)獻(xian)殿(dian)(dian)。1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)政府(fu)對武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)廟(miao)(miao)進行(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)繕,利用(yong)殿(dian)(dian)宇(yu)儲糧(liang)。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)共和國(guo)(guo)成立,武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)王廟(miao)(miao)劃撥縣(xian)(xian)糧(liang)食(shi)部門(men)使(shi)用(yong)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月9日(ri)(ri),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)縣(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)公(gong)(gong)布(bu)其(qi)為縣(xian)(xian)級文物保護(hu)單(dan)位。1993年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月29日(ri)(ri),甘肅省人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)公(gong)(gong)布(bu)其(qi)為第(di)五批(pi)省級重點文物保護(hu)單(dan)位。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月25日(ri)(ri),中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)共和國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)務院公(gong)(gong)布(bu)其(qi)為第(di)五批(pi)全國(guo)(guo)重點文物保護(hu)單(dan)位。 現存的(de)武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)王廟(miao)(miao)總體布(bu)局(ju)呈南北(bei)縱長形,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)分別位于南北(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)軸線上(shang)(shang)。武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)王廟(miao)(miao)坐(zuo)(zuo)北(bei)向南,面(mian)闊五間(jian),進深(shen)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian),由內(nei)外兩(liang)周柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)網組(zu)成,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)坐(zuo)(zuo)落(luo)在一個樸素的(de)臺基上(shang)(shang),單(dan)檐(yan)(yan)歇山頂,正(zheng)(zheng)面(mian)中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)是(shi)(shi)格扇門(men),兩(liang)端盡間(jian)的(de)山墻(qiang)和后(hou)部用(yong)厚實的(de)土墻(qiang)圍(wei)繞。外廊兩(liang)側的(de)檐(yan)(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)略向中(zhong)(zhong)心傾(qing)斜并逐漸升(sheng)高(gao),在古(gu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)(shang)將(jiang)這種(zhong)做法稱為側腳和升(sheng)起。柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)(shang)和開(kai)間(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)又置以(yi)形式龐大(da)(da)有(you)(you)力(li)的(de)斗栱,上(shang)(shang)面(mian)挑出屋(wu)檐(yan)(yan),使(shi)人(ren)(ren)感覺屋(wu)頂非常(chang)雄壯有(you)(you)力(li),莊(zhuang)重和諧。 武(wu)(wu)(wu)康(kang)王廟(miao)(miao)雖(sui)經明(ming)(ming)代(dai)(dai)遷建(jian)(jian)和續(xu)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),但大(da)(da)木構架還保留(liu)了宋代(dai)(dai)的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)特色,它是(shi)(shi)甘肅省乃至西北(bei)地區木構建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)保留(liu)早期(qi)構件較(jiao)(jiao)多、時代(dai)(dai)較(jiao)(jiao)早的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之一,是(shi)(shi)研究西北(bei)地區古(gu)代(dai)(dai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)藝術和生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)的(de)真實依(yi)據(ju),具有(you)(you)很高(gao)的(de)歷史價值。