人(ren)物介紹李(li)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)諒(liang)(732),唐代安息(今(jin)伊朗)人(ren),本姓安,出(chu)生于(yu)伊斯(si)蘭教世家。自幼由宦(huan)官駱奉(feng)先收養(yang),改姓駱,名(ming)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)。唐德(de)(de)宗(zong)時著名(ming)將領(ling),曾(ceng)數次(ci)參加(jia)平(ping)叛,屢建功(gong)績,升華州刺史,加(jia)檢(jian)校尚書左仆射,封武康郡王。德(de)(de)宗(zong)貞元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)三年(nian)(787年(nian)),吐蕃向大(da)唐請和,雙方商定會盟于(yu)平(ping)涼。吐蕃劫盟,駱元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)率部接(jie)應,救出(chu)會盟主帥渾(hun)瑊(zhen),其余(yu)隨行(xing)官員千(qian)余(yu)人(ren)皆被俘,當時如無駱元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)光(guang)的機智果斷(duan),則會全軍覆沒。故此,唐德(de)(de)宗(zong)予以嘉獎,并賜姓李(li)氏,改名(ming)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)諒(liang)。
貞元四(si)年(788年),加封李元諒為(wei)隴右節(jie)度使,駐守良原(今靈(ling)臺縣(xian)(xian)梁原)。不(bu)久又(you)擴展防區(qu),收復(fu)失地,新(xin)筑崇(chong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)城。貞元九年(793年)十一(yi)月(yue),李元諒因(yin)積勞成(cheng)疾(ji),長眠(mian)于這片他曾為(wei)此付出了半生心(xin)血(xue)的地方,享(xiang)年六十二(er)歲。根據他的遺(yi)愿,人們把(ba)他的墳墓(mu)筑在崇(chong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)縣(xian)(xian)城西北面的高山上。1981年9月(yue)10日,被甘(gan)肅(su)省(sheng)人民政府公布為(wei)省(sheng)級重點(dian)(dian)文物(wu)保護單(dan)位。武康王廟:第五批全(quan)國重點(dian)(dian)文物(wu)保護單(dan)位。明、清時(shi)又(you)名李元諒寢宮,俗稱(cheng)城隍廟,為(wei)奉祀(si)唐代武康郡王、隴右節(jie)度使李元諒而建。位于甘(gan)肅(su)省(sheng)平(ping)涼市崇(chong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)縣(xian)(xian)城東(dong)街。占地3337平(ping)方米,由寢宮和拜殿(dian)組(zu)成(cheng)。
梁、檁交接(jie)處用蜀柱帶斗拱(gong)。斗拱(gong)用材較大,斗拱(gong)與(yu)(yu)柱子之比為 27%;檐柱內傾,柱子斷面(mian)與(yu)(yu)高度(du)為1:8.13;屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)平(ping)緩,屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)起坡與(yu)(yu)跨度(du)的比例為1:3.58。 拜(bai)殿(dian)面(mian)闊五(wu)間,進深一(yi)間,磚木結構,四檁卷(juan)棚頂(ding)(ding),兩山做成攢尖式樣。柱頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)施三踩單(dan)昂頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)栱(gong),昂頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)雕成象鼻(bi)、虎(hu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、鳳頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou),外拽瓜栱(gong)透(tou)雕行(xing)龍或(huo)卷(juan)草紋。
武康王廟(miao)是甘肅保(bao)存的(de)(de)為(wei)數不(bu)多的(de)(de)有(you)元代特點的(de)(de)木構(gou)建筑之(zhi)一(yi),其鋪作(zuo)(zuo)形制、材分(fen)制度基本(ben)合乎宋《營造(zao)法式》的(de)(de)規定,但又融合了明代手法和(he)甘肅地(di)方(fang)工藝(yi),具有(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)藝(yi)術(shu)價值和(he)科學價值。2001年06月25日(ri),武康王廟(miao)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)明、清時(shi)期(qi)古建筑,被國務院批準(zhun)列入(ru)第五批全(quan)國重點文物(wu)保(bao)護單(dan)位名單(dan)。
據縣(xian)(xian)志記載(zai),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)因他“開拓(tuo)疆土,修(xiu)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鎮城(cheng),德被民(min)(min)(min)(min)生,感恩王(wang)功”,于(yu)唐德宗貞(zhen)元十三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(797年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))前(qian)后,在縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)東(dong)門外(wai)(wai)一(yi)(yi)百二(er)十步(bu)建(jian)(jian)祠塑(su)像,春秋祭祀(si)。宋(song)哲(zhe)宗紹圣四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1097年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)知縣(xian)(xian)王(wang)需修(xiu)繕廟(miao)(miao)貌。明(ming)(ming)太(tai)祖洪武(wu)(wu)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1370年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),縣(xian)(xian)民(min)(min)(min)(min)李斗等人(ren)(ren)遷(qian)建(jian)(jian)城(cheng)內。明(ming)(ming)英宗天順七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1463年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)知縣(xian)(xian)吉泰將原(yuan)廟(miao)(miao)址(zhi)內四根宋(song)、元時(shi)期(qi)鐫刻石柱移(yi)入,建(jian)(jian)亭于(yu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)。明(ming)(ming)神宗萬歷三(san)(san)(san)十三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1650年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)知縣(xian)(xian)邊國(guo)柱以(yi)塑(su)像主次(ci)不當(dang),又未能(neng)變(bian)更,將大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)改為(wei)寢宮(gong),另建(jian)(jian)正殿(dian)(dian)(dian)于(yu)前(qian)。明(ming)(ming)思(si)宗崇(chong)(chong)禎六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1633年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),兵燹殿(dian)(dian)(dian)亭俱毀,僅剩寢宮(gong)。清德宗光緒二(er)十五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1899年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)知縣(xian)(xian)陳兆康(kang)修(xiu)繕大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),并(bing)重(zhong)修(xiu)獻殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),中華民(min)(min)(min)(min)國(guo)政府(fu)(fu)對武(wu)(wu)康(kang)廟(miao)(miao)進行修(xiu)繕,利用殿(dian)(dian)(dian)宇儲糧。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),中華人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)成立,武(wu)(wu)康(kang)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)劃撥縣(xian)(xian)糧食部門使用。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)9日(ri),崇(chong)(chong)信(xin)(xin)縣(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)(fu)公布(bu)其為(wei)縣(xian)(xian)級文(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單位(wei)。1993年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)29日(ri),甘肅省人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)(fu)公布(bu)其為(wei)第(di)五(wu)批省級重(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單位(wei)。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)25日(ri),中華人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)國(guo)務院公布(bu)其為(wei)第(di)五(wu)批全國(guo)重(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單位(wei)。 現存的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)武(wu)(wu)康(kang)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)總體布(bu)局呈南(nan)北(bei)縱長形,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)分別(bie)位(wei)于(yu)南(nan)北(bei)中軸線上(shang)。武(wu)(wu)康(kang)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)坐北(bei)向南(nan),面(mian)闊五(wu)間(jian),進深三(san)(san)(san)間(jian),由(you)內外(wai)(wai)兩周柱網組成,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)坐落(luo)在一(yi)(yi)個樸素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臺基上(shang),單檐(yan)歇山頂,正面(mian)中間(jian)三(san)(san)(san)間(jian)是格扇門,兩端盡間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山墻和(he)(he)后部用厚實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土墻圍繞。外(wai)(wai)廊兩側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檐(yan)柱略(lve)向中心傾(qing)斜并(bing)逐漸升(sheng)高,在古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)將這種做法稱(cheng)為(wei)側腳和(he)(he)升(sheng)起。柱上(shang)和(he)(he)開間(jian)中又置以(yi)形式龐(pang)大(da)(da)有(you)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斗栱,上(shang)面(mian)挑出屋檐(yan),使人(ren)(ren)感覺(jue)屋頂非常雄壯有(you)力,莊重(zhong)和(he)(he)諧(xie)。 武(wu)(wu)康(kang)王(wang)廟(miao)(miao)雖經明(ming)(ming)代(dai)遷(qian)建(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)續修(xiu),但大(da)(da)木構(gou)架(jia)還保留了宋(song)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)特色,它是甘肅省乃至西北(bei)地(di)區木構(gou)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中保留早期(qi)構(gou)件較(jiao)多、時(shi)代(dai)較(jiao)早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之一(yi)(yi),是研究(jiu)西北(bei)地(di)區古代(dai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)藝術(shu)和(he)(he)生態環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)實依據,具(ju)有(you)很高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史價值。