傳統文化
陵墓風格
奢香陵墓九層(ceng)臺,人龍(long)(long)文(wen)虎(hu)彝象開。墓葬坐(zuo)北(bei)向(xiang)(xiang)南,左面有條“青龍(long)(long)”,乃是“萬山環地拱(gong),一(yi)嶺向(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)撐”的(de)(de)(de)(de)云龍(long)(long)山登高(gao)放眼,層(ceng)巒(luan)疊嶂(zhang),云霧繚繞,偉岸如(ru)海(hai),會使人頓生胸襟(jin)宏闊,意興高(gao)遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)情懷;右邊有條“活龍(long)(long)”,則是已經通車,川(chuan)流不息的(de)(de)(de)(de)黔(qian)西北(bei)第一(yi)條高(gao)等級公(gong)路,由大(da)方縣城抵四川(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)納溪,直接(jie)與長(chang)江水(shui)運相連(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)納公(gong)路。前有浪風(feng)(feng)(feng)臺“馳逐于其(qi)南”,后有將軍山,“坐(zuo)鎮于其(qi)北(bei)”。在(zai)四周(zhou)山高(gao)林(lin)秀的(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)景(jing)映襯之中,更顯示出(chu)奢香墓的(de)(de)(de)(de)建構(gou)布局,氣(qi)勢恢宏,肅穆莊重,巋然巨制。環圍墓表的(de)(de)(de)(de)板(ban)柱、瓦(wa)筒、瓦(wa)當和(he)(he)護欄、華表等的(de)(de)(de)(de)浮雕、雕刻精細,刀(dao)法(fa)古樸,造型生動,智利健(jian)有力,全是形態各異的(de)(de)(de)(de)生龍(long)(long)活虎(hu)之象,鮮明地體現了彝族獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統文(wen)化內(nei)涵(han)和(he)(he)藝(yi)術(shu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)格,具有較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)審美價值。
精神象征
崇龍尚虎的(de)(de)(de)圖騰(teng)崇拜,是(shi)彝族(zu)(zu)先民的(de)(de)(de)精神文(wen)(wen)化(hua)象征。也是(shi)以漢(han)族(zu)(zu)為主體的(de)(de)(de)中華民族(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)紐(niu)帶,它的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)悠(you)久,源遠流長。水西連華夏,一脈本相(xiang)承(cheng)。奢香(xiang)墓作為民族(zu)(zu)團結、彝漢(han)相(xiang)融的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)見證,弘(hong)揚傳統,激勵后人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)煌(huang)煌(huang)勝跡,不(bu)僅是(shi)促(cu)進民族(zu)(zu)團結,進啎愛(ai)國(guo)方義和歷(li)史(shi)叭(ba)物主義教(jiao)育生動的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)科書,而且了(le)是(shi)國(guo)內外人(ren)士到大(da)方縣旅游(you)觀(guan)光、訪(fang)古(gu)覽(lan)勝、參觀(guan)瞻仰的(de)(de)(de)別具一格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)文(wen)(wen)景觀(guan)。
重點文物
奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)翹楚水西(xi)(xi),奄奄聲華夏,彪炳千(qian)秋(qiu),是(shi)(shi)我國歷史(shi)上(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)維護(hu)民族團(tuan)結和(he)國家統一(yi)建立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)了(le)豐功(gong)偉績(ji)的(de)(de)巾(jin)幗英(ying)雄(xiong)。奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)逝世600年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來,其墓(mu)(mu)葬是(shi)(shi)幾經滄桑(sang)陵谷改(gai)(gai),一(yi)抔黃士(shi)嗟(jie)猶大(da);行人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)憑(ping)吊荒(huang)煙籠(long),欲識(shi)原告文(wen)掃(sao)蒼苔。清康煕三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)(yuan)1664年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)西(xi)(xi)王吳三(san)桂率兵“剿水西(xi)(xi)”時(shi),毀于(yu)(yu)(yu)兵燹(xian)。清道(dao)光十(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)(yuan)1833年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)裔安淦辛(xin)以(yi)(yi)奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)代夫(fu)(fu)襲職,開通九驛(yi),“勛垂(chui)竹帛,在(zai)國為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)功(gong)臣(chen);守勵冰霜(shuang),于(yu)(yu)(yu)家為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)節婦”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)由(you),稟文(wen)大(da)定府(fu)請予修葺“順德(de)夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)祠(ci)墓(mu)(mu)”。當時(shi)大(da)定府(fu)即予立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an),批文(wen)曰:“順德(de)夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)篤忠貞,志(zhi)堅金石(shi);名垂(chui)竹帛,望重(zhong)華夷。路(lu)(lu)通九驛(yi),鑿山著(zhu)磐石(shi)之功(gong);坐(zuo)(zuo)鎮百(bai)蠻,賜姓(xing)奠苞桑(sang)葉之固。實千(qian)古(gu)(gu)偉人(ren)(ren)(ren),幸一(yi)抔沿在(zai),宜加獎藉,以(yi)(yi)勵精(jing)(jing)誠。”后(hou)由(you)大(da)定知(zhi)府(fu)王緒昆、黔西(xi)(xi)知(zhi)州(zhou)吳嵩梁于(yu)(yu)(yu)道(dao)光十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)(yuan)1838年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))主持將墓(mu)(mu)修復為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)圍(wei)(wei)石(shi)封土(tu),另立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)面碑(bei)和(he)墓(mu)(mu)志(zhi)碑(bei),立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)“奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)故里”石(shi)標(biao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)墓(mu)(mu)側臥路(lu)(lu)旁。發國以(yi)(yi)來,由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)未(wei)加管理,日(ri)久年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)湮(yin),瀕于(yu)(yu)(yu)毀廢。1960年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),人(ren)(ren)(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)貫徹發展政(zheng)策對(dui)奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)功(gong)績(ji)認真作出評價和(he)肯定,對(dui)奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)墓(mu)(mu)進行了(le)初步維修,并列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貴(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)級文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)單(dan)位(wei)。到了(le)20世紀80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代,改(gai)(gai)革開放國家興(xing)旺、巾(jin)幗建功(gong),盛世弘揚。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)起,中(zhong)央和(he)省(sheng)、地縣各(ge)級政(zheng)府(fu)撥款修葺奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)墓(mu)(mu)。1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)元(yuan)(yuan)月,經國務院(yuan)批準,奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)墓(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全國重(zhong)點(dian)文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)單(dan)位(wei)。修葺后(hou)的(de)(de)奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)墓(mu)(mu),在(zai)規模和(he)結構上(shang)(shang)恢復了(le)原貌(mao)。占地面積2萬平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。墓(mu)(mu)葬圍(wei)(wei)石(shi)封土(tu),高4.5米(mi)(mi),直徑6米(mi)(mi),圓(yuan)圍(wei)(wei)18. 84米(mi)(mi);采(cai)用(yong)須彌座式,分9盤圍(wei)(wei)石(shi)安砌,每盤用(yong)36塊(kuai)精(jing)(jing)料白(bai)石(shi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)9的(de)(de)4倍(bei);第(di)六圓(yuan)圍(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)9板(ban)9柱(zhu)(zhu)高浮(fu)雕(diao),柱(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)虎頭(tou)紋構成的(de)(de)圖案(an)花紋,板(ban)上(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)9龍9虎變形(xing)圖;第(di)九圓(yuan)圍(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)瓦(wa)筒,72瓦(wa)當虎面浮(fu)雕(diao)組成。墓(mu)(mu)前依(yi)地形(xing)筑砌兩道(dao)堡坎(kan)勞(lao)動力石(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺,各(ge)高1.5米(mi)(mi);第(di)一(yi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺長46.8米(mi)(mi),中(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)9米(mi)(mi)寬的(de)(de)9級踏云夢山,踏垛左右(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)120X60厘(li)米(mi)(mi)欄板(ban)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)柱(zhu)(zhu)浮(fu)雕(diao)各(ge)3塊(kuai),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺左右(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)36塊(kuai)120X80厘(li)米(mi)(mi)白(bai)石(shi)雙面虎頭(tou)紋圖案(an)的(de)(de)浮(fu)雕(diao)欄板(ban),和(he)38根120X30厘(li)米(mi)(mi)白(bai)石(shi)虎頭(tou)圓(yuan)雕(diao)的(de)(de)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)柱(zhu)(zhu)鑲嵌而(er)成;第(di)二平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺長23.4米(mi)(mi),中(zhong)仍(reng)(reng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)9級踏垛,左右(you)各(ge)安欄板(ban)3塊(kuai),立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)柱(zhu)(zhu)3根,左右(you)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺仍(reng)(reng)鑲嵌欄板(ban)18板(ban)塊(kuai),立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)柱(zhu)(zhu)20根。第(di)一(yi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺中(zhong)軸線(xian)上(shang)(shang)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)墓(mu)(mu)碑(bei)1塊(kuai),高3.6米(mi)(mi),寬1.45米(mi)(mi),碑(bei)面刻(ke)彝(yi)、漢文(wen)合璧的(de)(de)“明順德(de)夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)攝貴(gui)州(zhou)宣慰(wei)使(shi)奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)墓(mu)(mu)”各(ge)14字,背面刻(ke)奢(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)香(xiang)(xiang)夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)贊》五(wu)言詩(shi),共248字。第(di)一(yi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺前,左右(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)石(shi)獅1對(dui),各(ge)高2.6米(mi)(mi);平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺前的(de)(de)神道(dao)寬7米(mi)(mi),長70米(mi)(mi),立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)有華表(biao)1對(dui),全高6.4米(mi)(mi),華表(biao)下各(ge)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)120X80厘(li)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)白(bai)石(shi)浮(fu)雕(diao)護(hu)礎(chu)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)柱(zhu)(zhu)欄板(ban)16塊(kuai)16柱(zhu)(zhu),華表(biao)上(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)云鶴高浮(fu)雕(diao),頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坐(zuo)(zuo)獸。墓(mu)(mu)地四周(zhou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)仿古(gu)(gu)馬前漢墻圈圍(wei)(wei)環(huan)護(hu),內有水池亭榭,石(shi)欄小橋,花樹草坪(ping),構成可(ke)供游息欣賞(shang)的(de)(de)幽雅環(huan)境。
墓主傳記
大明(ming)(ming)順(shun)德(de)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)-奢香夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)傳奢香,彝(yi)名舍茲,生(sheng)于(yu)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)順(shun)帝至正(zheng)二(er)十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1361年(nian)(nian))、系(xi)(xi)(四(si)川藺(lin)州(zhou) )宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)撫使(shi)(shi)(shi)、彝(yi)族恒(heng)部(bu)(bu)扯勒君(jun)長(chang)奢氏(shi)之女。明(ming)(ming)洪(hong)武八年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1375年(nian)(nian)),年(nian)(nian)方(fang)十(shi)四(si),嫁與貴(gui)州(zhou)彝(yi)族默部(bu)(bu)水(shui)西(xi)(今大方(fang))君(jun)長(chang)、貴(gui)州(zhou)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)慰(wei)(wei)使(shi)(shi)(shi)靄(ai)(ai)翠為(wei)(wei)妻。其(qi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)靄(ai)(ai)翠,彝(yi)名隴贊阿(a)期,系(xi)(xi)貴(gui)州(zhou)彝(yi)族默部(bu)(bu)德(de)施(shi)氏(shi)勿阿(a)納四(si)十(shi)六世(shi)孫(sun),元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)末襲(xi)(xi)任順(shun)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)撫使(shi)(shi)(shi),八番順(shun)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)慰(wei)(wei)使(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)云南行省(sheng)(sheng)左丞。明(ming)(ming)太祖(zu)朱元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)璋(zhang)滅元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)后,在(zai)金(jin)陵(今南京)建(jian)立明(ming)(ming)王朝中央政權,于(yu)明(ming)(ming)洪(hong)武四(si)年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1371年(nian)(nian))撤銷原元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)制,設(she)貴(gui)州(zhou)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)撫司。靄(ai)(ai)翠與水(shui)東的(de)(de)(de)宋(song)蒙古歹(dai)(dai)、普定的(de)(de)(de)女總管適爾等先后率部(bu)(bu)歸附明(ming)(ming)王朝。朱元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)璋(zhang)皆"予以(yi)原官世(shi)襲(xi)(xi)","賦稅聽其(qi)輸納"。以(yi)靄(ai)(ai)翠為(wei)(wei)貴(gui)州(zhou)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)撫使(shi)(shi)(shi);宋(song)蒙古歹(dai)(dai)為(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)撫同知(zhi),并賜名曰(yue)"欽"。洪(hong)武六年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1373年(nian)(nian)),朱元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)璋(zhang)鑒(jian)于(yu)靄(ai)(ai)翠統轄的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)西(xi)領地較廣,是控制川滇黔(qian)邊境的(de)(de)(de)戰略要(yao)地,民族眾多,具有不(bu)屈不(bu)撓的(de)(de)(de)反抗(kang)精神,兵力(li)強大,行動統一,其(qi)對(dui)西(xi)南政局的(de)(de)(de)穩定,具有舉足(zu)輕重的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),于(yu)是下詔,"升貴(gui)州(zhou)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)撫司為(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)慰(wei)(wei)司,以(yi)靄(ai)(ai)翠為(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)慰(wei)(wei)使(shi)(shi)(shi),宋(song)欽為(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)慰(wei)(wei)同知(zhi),令(ling)靄(ai)(ai)翠位各宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)慰(wei)(wei)之上,設(she)治所于(yu)貴(gui)州(zhou)城內(今貴(gui)陽)"。奢香自幼(you)聰明(ming)(ming)能(neng)干,好學深思(si),婚(hun)后成為(wei)(wei)靄(ai)(ai)翠的(de)(de)(de)內助(zhu),經(jing)常輔佐(zuo)丈夫(fu)(fu)(fu)處理宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)慰(wei)(wei)司的(de)(de)(de)許(xu)多政事。在(zai)與丈夫(fu)(fu)(fu)共同生(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)過程中,奢香逐步增長(chang)了攝政理事的(de)(de)(de)政治才能(neng),以(yi)賢(xian)能(neng)聞名水(shui)西(xi)各部(bu)(bu),受(shou)到族人(ren)愛戴、尊稱為(wei)(wei)苴慕(mu),即君(jun)長(chang)之意(yi)。洪(hong)武十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1381年(nian)(nian))水(shui)東的(de)(de)(de)宋(song)欽死(si)去(qu),由其(qi)妻劉淑貞(zhen)代(dai)(dai)襲(xi)(xi)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)慰(wei)(wei)同知(zhi)一職。同年(nian)(nian),靄(ai)(ai)翠病逝。由于(yu)子尚年(nian)(nian)幼(you),不(bu)能(neng)承襲(xi)(xi)父職,奢香毅然克(ke)忍居(ju)孀撫孤之痛,代(dai)(dai)襲(xi)(xi)貴(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)(sheng)宣(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)慰(wei)(wei)使(shi)(shi)(shi)職。
奢(she)香襲職攝政后,正(zheng)(zheng)值明(ming)王(wang)(wang)朝揭開消滅(mie)故(gu)(gu)元(yuan)梁王(wang)(wang)政權,統(tong)一(yi)云(yun)南之戰的帷幕。盤踞在云(yun)南的割據勢(shi)力主要有故(gu)(gu)元(yuan)梁王(wang)(wang)和(he)土酋(qiu)段氏。梁王(wang)(wang)巴匝刺瓦爾(er)密以昆明(ming)為其統(tong)治(zhi)中心,在明(ming)王(wang)(wang)朝建立后,仍(reng)奉(feng)元(yuan)朝正(zheng)(zheng)朔,服從退據蒙古沙漠的元(yuan)朝殘余勢(shi)力的命令(ling)。土酋(qiu)段氏控制著(zhu)大(da)理(li)一(yi)帶,雖然直屬北元(yuan)政府管(guan)轄,但處(chu)于半獨(du)立狀態。
洪武十四年九(jiu)月,明(ming)(ming)太祖(zu)朱元(yuan)璋命潁川(chuan)侯傅友德為(wei)(wei)征南(nan)(nan)將軍(jun),永昌侯藍(lan)玉為(wei)(wei)左副(fu)將軍(jun),西(xi)平侯沐英為(wei)(wei)右副(fu)將軍(jun),率師30萬(wan)人,從四川(chuan)、湖(hu)南(nan)(nan)兵分(fen)兩(liang)路(lu),經貴州南(nan)(nan)征云(yun)南(nan)(nan)。盤踞在云(yun)南(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)元(yuan)蒙割(ge)據(ju)勢(shi)(shi)力視(shi)云(yun)、貴、川(chuan)三省交界處的(de)(de)黔西(xi)北(bei)為(wei)(wei)軍(jun)事重地,暗中(zhong)與(yu)這一(yi)(yi)帶的(de)(de)土酋相勾結,企圖屯兵固(gu)守,阻(zu)止(zhi)明(ming)(ming)軍(jun)征討。奢香(xiang)審時(shi)度(du)勢(shi)(shi),以國家統(tong)一(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)重,堅(jian)持(chi)不卷入使西(xi)南(nan)(nan)分(fen)裂割(ge)據(ju)的(de)(de)旋渦,積極讓(rang)明(ming)(ming)軍(jun)在水(shui)(shui)西(xi)境(jing)內安營扎寨,主動貢馬、獻(xian)糧(liang)、通道,支持(chi)明(ming)(ming)軍(jun)經貴州進(jin)伐(fa)云(yun)南(nan)(nan)。再(zai)是憑借水(shui)(shui)西(xi)與(yu)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)彝族各(ge)部(bu)的(de)(de)宗族姻親(qin)關系,親(qin)自(zi)出訪(fang)烏(wu)撒(今威(wei)寧)、芒部(bu)(今云(yun)南(nan)(nan)鎮雄)等地,向諸土酋宣(xuan)以大義(yi),曉以利害,進(jin)行勸說(shuo)開導,從而使割(ge)據(ju)勢(shi)(shi)力失去支持(chi)。明(ming)(ming)軍(jun)順(shun)利進(jin)入云(yun)南(nan)(nan),一(yi)(yi)舉消滅元(yuan)守軍(jun),梁王自(zi)縊而死(si);再(zai)又(you)揮師攻(gong)克大理,土酋段氏就(jiu)擒,從此結束云(yun)南(nan)(nan)割(ge)據(ju)勢(shi)(shi)力的(de)(de)統(tong)治,使明(ming)(ming)王朝實現(xian)了對西(xi)南(nan)(nan)邊陲的(de)(de)統(tong)一(yi)(yi),奢香(xiang)為(wei)(wei)國家的(de)(de)統(tong)一(yi)(yi),作出了重要的(de)(de)貢獻(xian)。
洪武十(shi)六年(nian)(公(gong)元1383年(nian)),明王朝派(pai)駐貴(gui)(gui)州的封(feng)疆大吏--都指(zhi)揮使馬(ma)(ma)(ma)曄(ye),執(zhi)大漢族(zu)主(zhu)義偏見,視奢(she)(she)香(xiang)為"鬼方(fang)蠻(man)女",對(dui)其(qi)攝(she)貴(gui)(gui)州宣慰使職政績卓著,忌恨不(bu)(bu)滿;好事(shi)(shi)貪功,企(qi)圖以(yi)打(da)擊彝族(zu)各部頭領為突破口,一舉消滅(mie)貴(gui)(gui)州少數民族(zu)地方(fang)勢(shi)力,"代以(yi)流官"、"郡縣其(qi)地",達到(dao)邀(yao)功朝廷,專橫貴(gui)(gui)州的目的。因水西奢(she)(she)香(xiang)力量最強,就(jiu)把矛頭對(dui)準奢(she)(she)香(xiang)。為此馬(ma)(ma)(ma)曄(ye)作(zuo)了(le)充(chong)分(fen)的武裝準備,等待機會。是時,有人污(wu)蔑(mie)奢(she)(she)香(xiang),馬(ma)(ma)(ma)曄(ye)即借機將(jiang)奢(she)(she)香(xiang)抓到(dao)貴(gui)(gui)陽,用彝族(zu)最忌諱的侮辱(ru)人格的手(shou)段"叱壯士裸香(xiang)衣(yi)而笞(chi)其(qi)背"。以(yi)為如此激怒(nu)奢(she)(she)香(xiang),擴(kuo)大事(shi)(shi)態、就(jiu)可趁機出兵,大動干戈(ge)。奢(she)(she)香(xiang)無(wu)辜受(shou)到(dao)辱(ru)撻,極為忿怒(nu),折(zhe)斷所(suo)佩革(ge)帶。與宣慰同知劉淑(shu)貞"走訴(su)(su)京師",朱元璋(zhang)下定決(jue)心召(zhao)回馬(ma)(ma)(ma)曄(ye),定以(yi)"開邊釁,擅辱(ru)命(ming)婦(fu)"之(zhi)(zhi)罪,將(jiang)其(qi)下獄。然(ran)后賞賜奢(she)(she)香(xiang)金(jin)銀和絲織(zhi)品等物"遣之(zhi)(zhi)歸","命(ming)所(suo)過有司,皆陳兵耀之(zhi)(zhi)"。臨(lin)行(xing),馬(ma)(ma)(ma)皇后又在御花園設宴(yan)款待奢(she)(she)香(xiang),鄭重餞別,奢(she)(she)香(xiang)在同馬(ma)(ma)(ma)曄(ye)的較量中,"居然(ran)巾(jin)幗丈夫雄",終于兵不(bu)(bu)血刃,洗雪撻辱(ru),金(jin)殿勝(sheng)(sheng)訴(su)(su),揚眉吐氣。她的勝(sheng)(sheng)利,客觀上起到(dao)了(le)反對(dui)分(fen)裂,消弭(mi)戰(zhan)亂,維護(hu)了(le)民族(zu)團(tuan)結和國家統一的進步作(zuo)用。
奢(she)香回到(dao)貴州后(hou),一面宣(xuan)揚朝廷的威德(de),使"諸羅大(da)感(gan)服(fu)",人心安定;一面履(lv)行諾言,刊山(shan)(shan)通(tong)道。在洪荒草(cao)昧,"羊腸險(xian)惡無人通(tong)",雪棧云(yun)林,"落落千秋(qiu)無通(tong)款"的貴州高原(yuan),奢(she)香親(qin)率(lv)各部,組織投入巨大(da)的人力物力,"披荊斬枳剪(jian)蒿萊","鑿山(shan)(shan)刊木(mu)穿蒙茸",開辟出(chu)以偏橋(今(jin)施(shi)秉(bing)縣境(jing))為中心的兩條驛道:一條向西(xi)經水(shui)東(今(jin)貴陽(yang)東北)過(guo)烏撒(今(jin)威寧)達烏蒙(今(jin)云(yun)南昭通(tong));一條向北經草(cao)塘(今(jin)修(xiu)文縣內)、陸廣(今(jin)修(xiu)文六(liu)廣)、谷(gu)里(今(jin)黔(qian)西(xi)谷(gu)里)、水(shui)西(xi)(今(jin)黔(qian)西(xi)城(cheng)關(guan))、奢(she)香(今(jin)大(da)方大(da)渡河橋西(xi)北)、閣鴉(今(jin)大(da)方響水(shui)小(xiao)閣鴉)、歸(gui)化(今(jin)大(da)方雙山(shan)(shan)歸(gui)化)、畢節(jie)(jie)(今(jin)畢節(jie)(jie)二鋪)等九驛(龍(long)場驛為首(shou),故稱"龍(long)場九驛"),歲貢馬匹(pi)和廩積。
"鬼(gui)國(guo)山(shan)河改,皇(huang)華驛(yi)路(lu)(lu)存";"九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)驛(yi)郵初置,三巴路(lu)(lu)已通(tong)"。奢(she)(she)香主(zhu)持(chi)開(kai)辟的(de)(de)驛(yi)道(dao),成(cheng)為縱橫貴(gui)州(zhou)以(yi)達云南、四川、湖(hu)南邊境的(de)(de)交通(tong)要(yao)道(dao),改變了(le)貴(gui)州(zhou)險阻閉塞"夜(ye)郎自(zi)大(da)"的(de)(de)狀況,溝通(tong)了(le)邊疆與中原內(nei)地在政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)、經濟(ji)和(he)(he)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)上的(de)(de)聯系(xi),增進(jin)(jin)了(le)漢民(min)(min)族與西(xi)南各兄弟民(min)(min)族的(de)(de)交流,促(cu)進(jin)(jin)了(le)貴(gui)州(zhou)的(de)(de)經濟(ji)開(kai)發(fa)和(he)(he)社會進(jin)(jin)步。"龍場九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)驛(yi)"成(cheng)為奢(she)(she)香為國(guo)為民(min)(min)建樹煌(huang)煌(huang)業績中的(de)(de)一座豐碑。明(ming)(ming)王朝亦(yi)(yi)把奢(she)(she)香當(dang)作巾幗功(gong)臣。明(ming)(ming)太(tai)祖朱元(yuan)璋曾這(zhe)樣(yang)稱道(dao):"奢(she)(she)香歸附,勝得十萬雄兵!" "九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)驛(yi)路(lu)(lu)開(kai)山(shan)失(shi)險","自(zi)是大(da)道(dao)通(tong)而(er)西(xi)南益(yi)辟"。從(cong)此之后,奢(she)(she)香多次到金陵,通(tong)過朝覲、稟呈政(zheng)(zheng)務(wu)、輸賦、進(jin)(jin)貢地方(fang)物產和(he)(he)馬匹等活動(dong),使(shi)貴(gui)州(zhou)和(he)(he)明(ming)(ming)王朝中央政(zheng)(zheng)權的(de)(de)關系(xi)更加密切起來。"每歲貢獻不絕(jue)。報施之隆亦(yi)(yi)非他土司所(suo)敢望(wang)"。通(tong)過廣泛地接觸(chu)漢族地區(qu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)。奢(she)(she)香開(kai)闊了(le)眼界,深感貴(gui)州(zhou)遠(yuan)在邊陲,貧困落后,決心(xin)"躬(gong)親倡(chang)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)"。奢(she)(she)香攝職期間,多方(fang)接識(shi)中原內(nei)地的(de)(de)才人學士,聘迎(ying)漢儒到貴(gui)州(zhou)興辦宣慰(wei)司學,傳(chuan)播漢文(wen)(wen)化(hua);招來能工巧匠,傳(chuan)授先進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)耕織技術,開(kai)置農田,發(fa)展(zhan)生產;倡(chang)導(dao)彝漢融和(he)(he),安(an)居樂業。洪武(wu)二十三年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)1390年(nian)(nian))奢(she)(she)香將長大(da)成(cheng)人的(de)(de)獨子阿(a)期隴(long)的(de)(de)派到金陵,請(qing)入京師太(tai)學讀書,明(ming)(ming)太(tai)祖朱元(yuan)璋特(te)下詔"諭國(guo)子監官,善為訓教,庶不負遠(yuan)人慕學之心(xin)"。洪武(wu)二十五年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)1392年(nian)(nian))阿(a)期隴(long)的(de)(de)學成(cheng)而(er)歸,朱元(yuan)璋賜與三品朝服并襲衣、金帶等,并欽賜姓"安(an)",漢名(ming)亦(yi)(yi)叫安(an)的(de)(de)。同年(nian)(nian)十月,奢(she)(she)香派遣子媳奢(she)(she)助及把事頭目允則(ze)隴(long),帶上被(bei)朱元(yuan)璋賜名(ming)曰(yue)"飛越峰"的(de)(de)水西(xi)名(ming)馬60匹入朝獻恩。經過奢(she)(she)香的(de)(de)勤政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)理,苦心(xin)經營,使(shi)莽(mang)莽(mang)黔山(shan)彝嶺的(de)(de)水西(xi)地區(qu),社會安(an)定,民(min)(min)族和(he)(he)睦(mu)相處,經濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan),文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)氣象日(ri)昌。
洪武二(er)十九年(公元1396年),年僅(jin)35歲的(de)奢香不幸病逝。明太(tai)祖朱元璋特派(pai)使臣到(dao)水西,參加(jia)奢香的(de)葬禮,加(jia)謚奢香為"大明順德夫(fu)人"。