溫縣徐(xu)堡(bao)龍山古城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址,平面略呈圓角長(chang)方形,西城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)殘(can)(can)長(chang)約(yue)360米(mi),南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)長(chang)約(yue)500米(mi),東城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)殘(can)(can)長(chang)約(yue)200米(mi),北城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)沒有探測到,據隊長(chang)介紹,有可(ke)能被沁河沖毀(hui),現存的(de)東、西、南(nan)三面城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)保(bao)存完好,城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)頂部距地(di)表深(shen)1米(mi)至1.7米(mi)。
據探(tan)(tan)測表(biao)明,古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)頂部(bu)(bu)(bu)寬約12米(mi)(mi)(mi)到15米(mi)(mi)(mi),拐角的(de)厚度(du)大(da)約有(you)30米(mi)(mi)(mi),古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)的(de)底(di)部(bu)(bu)(bu)寬大(da)約為30米(mi)(mi)(mi)到45米(mi)(mi)(mi)左右,城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)外面(mian)的(de)護城(cheng)(cheng)河(he)也基本探(tan)(tan)明,河(he)床(chuang)的(de)寬度(du)大(da)約為30米(mi)(mi)(mi),在城(cheng)(cheng)址中部(bu)(bu)(bu)還(huan)發現一(yi)處東西長90米(mi)(mi)(mi),南北寬70米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)堆筑臺地,平(ping)面(mian)呈不規則長方(fang)形(xing),應為城(cheng)(cheng)址中的(de)重要部(bu)(bu)(bu)位(wei)之一(yi)。
目前出土(tu)陶、銅、石、骨、玉(yu)等器物(wu)近200件,發掘出各個時期房址(zhi)、陶窯、窖穴、灰坑、水井、墓葬等遺跡200多(duo)處(chu),并有部(bu)分動物(wu)、植物(wu)遺骸。
徐堡古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址是(shi)目前(qian)中國發現的(de)(de)(de)龍(long)山文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)中規(gui)模較大的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址之一,也是(shi)保護(hu)最為(wei)完好的(de)(de)(de)遺(yi)(yi)址之一,包括從龍(long)山、西周、春秋、戰國、漢代、宋(song)代、明、到(dao)(dao)清代的(de)(de)(de)多類文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)(yi)存疊壓,內涵豐(feng)富,延續時代長,這在(zai)豫(yu)西北(bei)地區(qu)屬首次(ci)發現,填補了(le)豫(yu)西、豫(yu)西北(bei)、晉東南地區(qu)沒有龍(long)山文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)白,對中華文(wen)(wen)(wen)明探源(yuan)工程的(de)(de)(de)研究將起(qi)到(dao)(dao)重要(yao)作用,具有重大的(de)(de)(de)學術價值。同時,它為(wei)研究龍(long)山文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)向夏文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)過渡(du)、史前(qian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址聚(ju)落形(xing)成(cheng)、中國文(wen)(wen)(wen)明起(qi)源(yuan)、國家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)成(cheng)、筑城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技術等(deng)諸多問(wen)題提供了(le)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)實物資
徐堡(bao)古(gu)城有(you)(you)(you)5000多(duo)年的(de)歷(li)史(shi),是先期夏文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)佐(zuo)證,勘探隊共(gong)發掘出龍(long)山(shan)(shan)、西(xi)周、春秋、戰國、漢、宋、明、清(qing)時(shi)(shi)代8個(ge)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)層面。它的(de)出土(tu)為研究龍(long)山(shan)(shan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)向(xiang)夏文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)過(guo)渡(du)提供了重要(yao)歷(li)史(shi)資(zi)料。徐堡(bao)古(gu)城遺(yi)址,東臨(lin)河洛(luo)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)武德鎮,武德鎮古(gu)稱“洛(luo)”,西(xi)北(bei)臨(lin)濟源市夏都城原昌和原城,是史(shi)學界公認的(de)夏文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)中心,河洛(luo)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)是龍(long)山(shan)(shan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)延伸(shen)。徐堡(bao)古(gu)城遺(yi)址發掘出龍(long)山(shan)(shan)時(shi)(shi)期遺(yi)跡(ji)灰坑11座(zuo),墓葬1座(zuo),陶窯1座(zuo),主(zhu)要(yao)器(qi)物有(you)(you)(you)深腹器(qi)、圈足器(qi)、刻槽(cao)盆等。還有(you)(you)(you)一件陶瓷器(qi)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)兩個(ge)文(wen)(wen)字,不易認識,說明龍(long)山(shan)(shan)時(shi)(shi)期就有(you)(you)(you)了文(wen)(wen)字。