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會館簡介

會(hui)館(guan)坐北(bei)朝南(nan)，大(da)(da)(da)門兩(liang)旁站立一(yi)對(dui)高大(da)(da)(da)石獅。迎(ying)門是(shi)一(yi)座照壁，館(guan)內有前后殿、戲(xi)樓、鐘(zhong)鼓樓等建(jian)筑。進門是(shi)三(san)間(jian)面北(bei)戲(xi)樓，戲(xi)樓建(jian)于會(hui)館(guan)的山門之上，臺(tai)下為出入會(hui)館(guan)的通(tong)道，歇山式臺(tai)頂，這(zhe)(zhe)里(li)可(ke)容納(na)3000多(duo)人(ren)(ren)同場看(kan)戲(xi)，是(shi)會(hui)館(guan)熱鬧的地(di)方，大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)小小的戲(xi)班都(dou)來這(zhe)(zhe)里(li)演(yan)出，每年(nian)春節、端午、中秋三(san)節更要演(yan)戲(xi)娛神(shen)。全國很多(duo)地(di)方的戲(xi)班都(dou)在這(zhe)(zhe)里(li)演(yan)出過，對(dui)于眾多(duo)秦晉商人(ren)(ren)來說，也許千里(li)行商的鄉(xiang)愁，只能在聆聽家鄉(xiang)戲(xi)中得到(dao)安(an)慰。

建筑特點

戲樓檐(yan)(yan)下是精美的(de)(de)木雕，花卉、禽鳥、人物等造型生動，工藝精湛。前檐(yan)(yan)下枋木均采用透花木雕，富有(you)(you)地方色彩(cai)的(de)(de)斗獅圖，或舞或斗，惟妙惟肖，檐(yan)(yan)牙(ya)起(qi)翹，螭龍含珠，金鱗閃(shan)閃(shan)，屈曲盤(pan)旋于(yu)藍天(tian)綠(lv)檐(yan)(yan)之中。戲樓兩(liang)側(ce)是鐘鼓樓，高(gao)4米，雙層(ceng)飛檐(yan)(yan)，凌(ling)空聳峙，上下飛檐(yan)(yan)挑角(jiao)端設套(tao)獸，各(ge)有(you)(you)掛鈴一枚，微風(feng)過處(chu)，叮當作響。樓脊兩(liang)端吻獸高(gao)大，造型生動，把這些吻獸排列在高(gao)高(gao)的(de)(de)檐(yan)(yan)角(jiao)處(chu)，象(xiang)征著消災滅禍(huo)，逢兇化(hua)吉，有(you)(you)剪除邪惡、主持公(gong)道之意。樓脊中間有(you)(you)磚(zhuan)塑麒麟(lin)馱(tuo)寶瓶(ping)，高(gao)出(chu)屋脊數(shu)尺(chi)。館內東西廊房各(ge)11間，正(zheng)殿五楹(ying)，殿內供(gong)奉關(guan)公(gong)。由(you)殿兩(liang)側(ce)至后院，可見十株參天(tian)古柏。

尋訪會館

沿郟(jia)縣縣城東坡大道(dao)西(xi)行，至西(xi)段時(shi)發現平坦的(de)城市(shi)街道(dao)變成了(le)坑洼不平的(de)狹窄土路，在土路上(shang)(shang)再向(xiang)西(xi)走(zou)幾十(shi)米，便可望見一(yi)座(zuo)古色古香的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，該建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)莊重古樸，氣勢(shi)(shi)宏偉，透出(chu)一(yi)種財大氣粗的(de)氣勢(shi)(shi)，這就是郟(jia)縣山(shan)陜會(hui)(hui)館(guan)。無情的(de)歲月讓山(shan)陜會(hui)(hui)館(guan)整個建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群蒙上(shang)(shang)了(le)一(yi)層舊(jiu)顏(yan)色，但鼠年春節期(qi)間當(dang)地有(you)關(guan)部門在該建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)(shang)懸掛的(de)一(yi)排紅燈籠，還(huan)是為已褪了(le)色的(de)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)帶來些許生氣。

記(ji)者(zhe)來到郟(jia)縣山(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)會(hui)館(guan)(guan)時，但(dan)見會(hui)館(guan)(guan)大門(men)緊(jin)閉(bi)，門(men)前冷落。站在這里能看到的(de)(de)(de)主要是會(hui)館(guan)(guan)戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)和鐘、鼓樓(lou)(lou)。戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)建于會(hui)館(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)門(men)之上，臺(tai)下(xia)為出入會(hui)館(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)通道，戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)兩側是鐘、鼓二樓(lou)(lou)。山(shan)(shan)門(men)之上雕有“山(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)廟(miao)”三個大字。供職于郟(jia)縣文化局的(de)(de)(de)孔令公是中國國學家，也是中國孔廟(miao)保護協會(hui)理事、郟(jia)縣文廟(miao)博物(wu)館(guan)(guan)名譽館(guan)(guan)長(chang)，他向記(ji)者(zhe)介紹說，郟(jia)縣山(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)會(hui)館(guan)(guan)又名山(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)廟(miao)，也有人稱其為關帝廟(miao)。

會館雕飾精美絕倫

山(shan)陜會館坐北朝(chao)南，會館前迎門(men)處有(you)(you)(you)照(zhao)(zhao)壁一(yi)座，高(gao)大(da)厚(hou)實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)照(zhao)(zhao)壁臨街而(er)建(jian)，覆(fu)以(yi)廡殿(dian)頂(ding)(ding)，看上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)去方正(zheng)而(er)莊重(zhong)。據(ju)《平頂(ding)(ding)山(shan)市志》記載：該照(zhao)(zhao)壁高(gao)7米(mi)(mi)(mi)、寬8米(mi)(mi)(mi)、厚(hou)1米(mi)(mi)(mi)，壁基以(yi)紅(hong)石(shi)條砌成(cheng)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)部(bu)用(yong)青磚(zhuan)建(jian)造(zao)，頂(ding)(ding)以(yi)仰合(he)之瓦(wa)覆(fu)蓋，并起(qi)五(wu)脊(ji)(ji)(ji)鎮之。照(zhao)(zhao)壁背(bei)陰(yin)中心，制(zhi)圓池一(yi)個(ge)，內嵌磚(zhuan)刻(ke)盤龍(long)(long)(long)浮雕(diao)(diao)(diao)。此照(zhao)(zhao)壁建(jian)造(zao)嚴(yan)謹(jin)，做工細(xi)膩(ni)，雖多(duo)次經大(da)水沖(chong)泡，仍安然無恙(yang)。孔令公介紹說(shuo)，會館正(zheng)門(men)兩旁原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)2米(mi)(mi)(mi)多(duo)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)大(da)石(shi)獅(shi)(shi)一(yi)對，獅(shi)(shi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)相向。遺憾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是這(zhe)對石(shi)獅(shi)(shi)目前已不(bu)知去向，經過認(ren)真查找，記者在(zai)現(xian)(xian)場只看到一(yi)對與(yu)地面(mian)(mian)(mian)相平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獅(shi)(shi)座。獅(shi)(shi)座如今正(zheng)位于山(shan)門(men)前道路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中央，平時(shi)被塵土掩蓋，車輛、行人就行在(zai)它(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，使它(ta)(ta)成(cheng)為名(ming)副其(qi)實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋪路石(shi)。 戲(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)和鐘、鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)塑能吸引人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)眼球，這(zhe)些雕(diao)(diao)(diao)塑既有(you)(you)(you)木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)，也有(you)(you)(you)精(jing)美絕倫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磚(zhuan)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)、石(shi)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)。戲(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)南面(mian)(mian)(mian)大(da)門(men)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)斗(dou)獅(shi)(shi)浮雕(diao)(diao)(diao)，造(zao)型(xing)生動。戲(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)檐牙(ya)起(qi)翹，盤龍(long)(long)(long)含(han)珠昂(ang)首，金鱗龍(long)(long)(long)須盡現(xian)(xian)。戲(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)為鏤(lou)空透(tou)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)，雕(diao)(diao)(diao)刻(ke)題(ti)材有(you)(you)(you)象(xiang)(xiang)征(zheng)吉祥如意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種瓜果、花鳥(niao)、動植(zhi)物、山(shan)水等(deng)，雕(diao)(diao)(diao)刻(ke)技法精(jing)湛，其(qi)景物玲瓏剔透(tou)，栩(xu)栩(xu)如生。戲(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)兩側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘、鼓(gu)二樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)，基高(gao)4米(mi)(mi)(mi)，雙層(ceng)飛(fei)檐，凌空聳(song)峙，斗(dou)拱渾(hun)(hun)厚(hou)樸實，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下飛(fei)檐挑角(jiao)端(duan)設套(tao)獸(shou)(shou)，各有(you)(you)(you)掛(gua)鈴一(yi)枚。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)脊(ji)(ji)(ji)兩端(duan)吻(wen)獸(shou)(shou)高(gao)大(da)，尾(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)卷，張口吞(tun)脊(ji)(ji)(ji)。吻(wen)獸(shou)(shou)向來(lai)被稱為細(xi)微(wei)之處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中國文化。鐘、鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)脊(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)走(zou)獸(shou)(shou)造(zao)型(xing)生動活潑(po)、曲(qu)線優美、氣質精(jing)秀、樸拙渾(hun)(hun)厚(hou)、神態各異。據(ju)說(shuo)把(ba)這(zhe)些吻(wen)獸(shou)(shou)排列在(zai)高(gao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檐角(jiao)處，象(xiang)(xiang)征(zheng)著消災(zai)滅禍，逢(feng)兇化吉，有(you)(you)(you)剪除(chu)邪惡、主持(chi)公道之意。古人把(ba)建(jian)筑裝飾上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)這(zhe)些走(zou)獸(shou)(shou)，使古建(jian)筑更加雄偉壯觀，充滿藝術(shu)魅力(li)。據(ju)相關專(zhuan)家介紹說(shuo)，吻(wen)獸(shou)(shou)除(chu)了有(you)(you)(you)裝飾、反(fan)映等(deng)級、避邪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)之外，還有(you)(you)(you)加固(gu)等(deng)作(zuo)用(yong)。鐘、鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)脊(ji)(ji)(ji)頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)有(you)(you)(you)麒麟(lin)馱寶瓶造(zao)型(xing)，該裝飾高(gao)出樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)脊(ji)(ji)(ji)1米(mi)(mi)(mi)有(you)(you)(you)余。戧脊(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)盤龍(long)(long)(long)昂(ang)首，龍(long)(long)(long)須依稀可辨(bian)，脊(ji)(ji)(ji)之端(duan)各立古將軍像一(yi)尊(zun)。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)體(ti)正(zheng)方，下層(ceng)周圍12根圓柱支撐，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)層(ceng)四柱挑檐。

戲樓曾經輝煌

附(fu)近居(ju)(ju)民告知，會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)正門(men)長期(qi)落(luo)鎖，要想進入(ru)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，需(xu)要繞(rao)到會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)背后(hou)，經過(guo)(guo)(guo)設在(zai)郟(jia)縣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)省糧食儲備(bei)庫才能入(ru)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)。熱心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儲備(bei)庫門(men)衛王(wang)師(shi)傅(fu)帶(dai)領記者(zhe)轉(zhuan)了(le)幾(ji)道彎(wan)后(hou)走進了(le)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)大(da)院。進得院中(zhong)首先看到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)三間面北(bei)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)，戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臺(tai)(tai)由寬厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)板所搭(da)建(jian)(jian)，戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)放有(you)木(mu)架等雜物。戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臺(tai)(tai)前檐(yan)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫木(mu)均(jun)采用透雕，中(zhong)間為(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)龍(long)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)珠，左右為(wei)(wei)(wei)鳥飛鹿馳，其雕刻刀法精巧(qiao)，圖案玲(ling)瓏剔(ti)透。戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)頂(ding)梁上(shang)除寫有(you)修建(jian)(jian)、重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)年(nian)代外，還留有(you)建(jian)(jian)造會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)匠(jiang)、木(mu)匠(jiang)、泥匠(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)字。站(zhan)在(zai)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)場中(zhong)看著(zhu)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臺(tai)(tai)，還是(shi)(shi)能讓(rang)人(ren)(ren)聯想起過(guo)(guo)(guo)去(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)悠悠歲月。孔令公(gong)介紹說，早(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候這(zhe)里(li)(li)(li)可容納3000多(duo)人(ren)(ren)同場看戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。山陜(shan)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臺(tai)(tai)早(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候是(shi)(shi)熱鬧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)，大(da)大(da)小小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)班都來這(zhe)里(li)(li)(li)演(yan)(yan)出，每年(nian)春節、端午、中(zhong)秋三節更要演(yan)(yan)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)娛神，讓(rang)老百(bai)姓免費觀看。全國很(hen)多(duo)地方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)班在(zai)這(zhe)里(li)(li)(li)上(shang)演(yan)(yan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)多(duo)種(zhong)劇目，對于眾多(duo)秦晉商(shang)人(ren)(ren)來說，也(ye)(ye)許千里(li)(li)(li)行商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)離愁，只有(you)在(zai)聆聽家鄉(xiang)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中(zhong)得以釋(shi)懷。不(bu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)來會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)再也(ye)(ye)沒有(you)演(yan)(yan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。在(zai)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)附(fu)近居(ju)(ju)住的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)王(wang)榮老大(da)娘已(yi)73歲高(gao)(gao)齡，她說，她在(zai)這(zhe)里(li)(li)(li)居(ju)(ju)住已(yi)整整35年(nian)，從(cong)沒見戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)里(li)(li)(li)演(yan)(yan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。遺憾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)偌(ruo)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)場大(da)院內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)不(bu)知何時建(jian)(jian)造了(le)一座樓(lou)(lou)(lou)房，該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)房正建(jian)(jian)于戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)間，讓(rang)人(ren)(ren)已(yi)難覓戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)院當年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壯(zhuang)觀場景。院內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)無花草、古樹(shu)，只有(you)幾(ji)株不(bu)成(cheng)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)桐樹(shu)高(gao)(gao)聳其中(zhong)。戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)兩(liang)側基高(gao)(gao)4米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙層飛檐(yan)鐘(zhong)(zhong)、鼓(gu)二(er)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)從(cong)院內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)看更為(wei)(wei)(wei)清晰，人(ren)(ren)們可以穿過(guo)(guo)(guo)鐘(zhong)(zhong)、鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一扇小門(men)，拾(shi)級而上(shang)，登至兩(liang)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)之中(zhong)。站(zhan)在(zai)兩(liang)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)抬頭均(jun)可看見建(jian)(jian)筑用木(mu)規整，樓(lou)(lou)(lou)頂(ding)正中(zhong)十字大(da)梁交架。據(ju)《平頂(ding)山市志(zhi)》載：原東邊樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)懸一巨鐘(zhong)(zhong)，高(gao)(gao)達2米(mi)，重(zhong)約2500多(duo)公(gong)斤，為(wei)(wei)(wei)鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。西邊樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)置一大(da)鼓(gu)，直徑約1米(mi)，高(gao)(gao)約2米(mi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。遺憾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)鐘(zhong)(zhong)、鼓(gu)早(zao)(zao)(zao)已(yi)不(bu)存。鐘(zhong)(zhong)、鼓(gu)二(er)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)系磚木(mu)結構，雖經幾(ji)百(bai)年(nian)風雨侵(qin)襲，骨架依然(ran)挺拔(ba)。難怪(guai)山陜(shan)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、鐘(zhong)(zhong)鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)被推為(wei)(wei)(wei)全國此(ci)類建(jian)(jian)筑之冠。

會館布局嚴謹

院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)東(dong)西(xi)各有(you)(you)一排(pai)廊房(fang)，從(cong)戲樓(lou)北(bei)行，過(guo)了(le)(le)后(hou)來有(you)(you)關部門在(zai)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)樓(lou)房(fang)，就到了(le)(le)中(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)，從(cong)大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)兩側可至(zhi)后(hou)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，后(hou)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)北(bei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)后(hou)大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)，也(ye)有(you)(you)人稱(cheng)其(qi)為春秋樓(lou)。中(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)和(he)春秋樓(lou)兩座建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑結構(gou)雖(sui)不是太復雜(za)，但都較(jiao)(jiao)為龐大(da)(da)(da)，似(si)以往(wang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)小(xiao)禮堂。兩座大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)殿(dian)(dian)門都較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，由大(da)(da)(da)塊紅石砌成的(de)(de)殿(dian)(dian)基高且夯實(shi)。據《平頂山市(shi)志》載原(yuan)來中(zhong)殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)曾(ceng)供奉有(you)(you)關公(gong)塑像(xiang)，現(xian)在(zai)已沒(mei)有(you)(you)了(le)(le)。原(yuan)來后(hou)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)有(you)(you)古柏十株，現(xian)在(zai)后(hou)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)已沒(mei)有(you)(you)任何(he)植物(wu)。山陜(shan)會館整座建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑群設計合(he)理，布局(ju)(ju)嚴(yan)謹，其(qi)結構(gou)體現(xian)出清代院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)落式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑風格，早已被(bei)(bei)列(lie)為省級重(zhong)點文物(wu)保護單(dan)位(wei)。山陜(shan)會館也(ye)和(he)三蘇墳等一起被(bei)(bei)列(lie)入《中(zhong)國(guo)名(ming)勝大(da)(da)(da)詞典》。孔(kong)令公(gong)介紹說(shuo)，解放(fang)后(hou)，大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)曾(ceng)做過(guo)糧(liang)倉使用(yong)，該縣糧(liang)食局(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)辦公(gong)地(di)點也(ye)長期設在(zai)會館之中(zhong)，在(zai)會館的(de)(de)東(dong)側，后(hou)來又建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)大(da)(da)(da)型糧(liang)食儲備庫。記者到達會館的(de)(de)當日，兩座大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)門均緊鎖，也(ye)難以找(zhao)到看管(guan)人員，所(suo)以無法看見(jian)大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)部的(de)(de)現(xian)狀(zhuang)。在(zai)后(hou)殿(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)門旁寫(xie)有(you)(you)“防汛物(wu)資庫”幾個(ge)紅色(se)大(da)(da)(da)字，孔(kong)令公(gong)說(shuo)，該大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)的(de)(de)確存放(fang)有(you)(you)防汛物(wu)資。大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)目前幾乎沒(mei)有(you)(you)什(shen)么遺存。

山陜會館為何建在郟縣

據(ju)《平頂山(shan)(shan)(shan)市志》記(ji)載：郟縣(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)位(wei)于西(xi)(xi)(xi)關(guan)大(da)街，建于清(qing)康熙三(san)十二(er)年（公元1693年）。在(zai)(zai)我國明(ming)清(qing)時期，由(you)于個體經(jing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)力(li)(li)量微(wei)薄(bo)，為避(bi)免(mian)受到(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)方(fang)勢力(li)(li)侵擾，身處異(yi)地(di)(di)的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)結(jie)合(he)后，在(zai)(zai)很(hen)多城(cheng)鎮(zhen)建造山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)，會(hui)(hui)館(guan)方(fang)便(bian)(bian)了大(da)家議(yi)(yi)事(shi)言商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，同時在(zai)(zai)團結(jie)秦晉地(di)(di)域的(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)、互通商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)情、維護(hu)同鄉(xiang)和(he)同業(ye)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)利益、調(diao)解商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)糾(jiu)紛方(fang)面起到(dao)(dao)了積(ji)極的(de)作(zuo)用。據(ju)史料記(ji)載，明(ming)清(qing)時期山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)東(dong)起江(jiang)浙(zhe)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)至新疆，北至遼寧，南到(dao)(dao)兩廣，遍(bian)及(ji)全國各地(di)(di)，是(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)創(chuang)造輝(hui)煌(huang)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)奇(qi)跡的(de)縮影。 據(ju)我市文史專家潘(pan)民中(zhong)先(xian)生介紹，我市地(di)(di)處中(zhong)原(yuan)腹心豫西(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)與黃淮平原(yuan)的(de)交接(jie)地(di)(di)帶，自然條件好，物產豐富(fu)，交通便(bian)(bian)利，自古就是(shi)(shi)南北、東(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品貿易的(de)中(zhong)轉樞紐。郟縣(xian)原(yuan)是(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)通往安徽的(de)古道。孔令公介紹說(shuo)，郟縣(xian)原(yuan)來也是(shi)(shi)洛（洛陽）蔡（蔡州，現(xian)駐馬店市汝南縣(xian)）古道上(shang)的(de)交通重鎮(zhen)，商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)貿繁(fan)榮。到(dao)(dao)了明(ming)清(qing)，平頂山(shan)(shan)(shan)境域的(de)區(qu)位(wei)優(you)勢更為善(shan)于經(jing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)謀富(fu)的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)二(er)省商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)所看重。故山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)兩省商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)會(hui)(hui)在(zai)(zai)此設置辦事(shi)機構(gou)，后有21名(ming)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)捐資興建會(hui)(hui)館(guan)，作(zuo)為迎賓、聯誼、祭奠的(de)場所，會(hui)(hui)館(guan)內供(gong)奉關(guan)帝(di)。郟縣(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)是(shi)(shi)由(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)合(he)建的(de)一(yi)處廟宇與會(hui)(hui)館(guan)相(xiang)結(jie)合(he)的(de)建筑群。據(ju)說(shuo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)館(guan)每(mei)年舉行年會(hui)(hui)一(yi)次，每(mei)月舉行例會(hui)(hui)一(yi)至二(er)次，遇有特殊(shu)事(shi)件會(hui)(hui)館(guan)還會(hui)(hui)召(zhao)開(kai)臨時會(hui)(hui)議(yi)(yi)。

山陜會館給后人留下了什么

山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)商(shang)人(ren)合建的(de)(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)一(yi)(yi)般叫山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)，也(ye)叫山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)廟或關(guan)(guan)帝廟。這是(shi)(shi)因為(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體建筑大(da)殿都(dou)(dou)供奉(feng)(feng)著關(guan)(guan)公的(de)(de)(de)緣故(gu)。關(guan)(guan)公故(gu)里在(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西解(jie)州(zhou)，相(xiang)傳得姓于陜(shan)(shan)(shan)西潼(tong)關(guan)(guan)，是(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)同鄉親(qin)。加上關(guan)(guan)公重誠信，講(jiang)義氣(qi)，于是(shi)(shi)就成為(wei)遠離家鄉在(zai)(zai)(zai)外做(zuo)生(sheng)意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)商(shang)人(ren)為(wei)講(jiang)團結謀發(fa)展而(er)敬奉(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)保護神。據初步調查，明(ming)(ming)清兩代(dai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)商(shang)人(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)平頂山(shan)(shan)(shan)境(jing)域(yu)建起的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)有(you)(you)十四五座(zuo)。進入清末，社會(hui)(hui)(hui)動蕩，商(shang)業(ye)蕭條，山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)商(shang)人(ren)相(xiang)繼(ji)回(hui)鄉。平頂山(shan)(shan)(shan)境(jing)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)也(ye)因失去昔日的(de)(de)(de)繁華而(er)凋零，保存到今(jin)天的(de)(de)(de)僅剩兩座(zuo)，一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)是(shi)(shi)汝州(zhou)市半扎山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)，一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)是(shi)(shi)郟縣山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)。秦、晉商(shang)人(ren)靠信義打造的(de)(de)(de)商(shang)業(ye)文明(ming)(ming)早已融(rong)入了山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)磚一(yi)(yi)瓦(wa)、一(yi)(yi)石一(yi)(yi)碑中，那風(feng)雨中穩立的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)無(wu)言卻(que)有(you)(you)境(jing)，似在(zai)(zai)(zai)提醒人(ren)們：莫忘道義嚴(yan)律己。 山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)作為(wei)社團的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種組織形式(shi)，是(shi)(shi)社會(hui)(hui)(hui)活動重要的(de)(de)(de)陣地。具有(you)(you)規(gui)模大(da)、建造考究、商(shang)業(ye)性質明(ming)(ming)顯、約束力較強和(he)區域(yu)性、行(xing)業(ye)性等特點(dian)。每當同鄉在(zai)(zai)(zai)外發(fa)生(sheng)“疾病(bing)疴(ke)癢(yang)”，會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)便“相(xiang)顧而(er)相(xiang)恤”，提供錢財(cai)藥(yao)物；對(dui)窮儒(ru)寒士(shi)也(ye)會(hui)(hui)(hui)提供方便；對(dui)年(nian)老(lao)失去工作能(neng)力者則更要予以救濟。山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)之古戲樓(lou)多是(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)建筑的(de)(de)(de)精華所在(zai)(zai)(zai)。余(yu)秋雨在(zai)(zai)(zai)其《抱愧山(shan)(shan)(shan)西》一(yi)(yi)文中曾感嘆山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)中戲樓(lou)精美的(de)(de)(de)建筑風(feng)格。歷史不(bu)能(neng)重演，但山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)向后人(ren)訴說著昔日的(de)(de)(de)輝煌(huang)，當時(shi)商(shang)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)魄(po)力、膽識、博大(da)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)營胸懷、獨(du)特的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)營策略和(he)較為(wei)嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)管理模式(shi)，都(dou)(dou)給(gei)后人(ren)留下了寶貴的(de)(de)(de)歷史財(cai)富，并(bing)值得后人(ren)探討和(he)思(si)索。

重修會館申報“國保”

當代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)出(chu)(chu)版社于(yu)2007年(nian)(nian)1月1日(ri)出(chu)(chu)版發(fa)行了(le)(le)《山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》一(yi)書，書中(zhong)以圖(tu)片為主(zhu)(zhu)，用文(wen)字簡要介紹了(le)(le)全國(guo)各地目前還“健在(zai)”的(de)(de)13座山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，其中(zhong)郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)名列其中(zhong)，值得(de)一(yi)提的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)戲樓(lou)(lou)(lou)和(he)鐘(zhong)鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)建(jian)筑(zhu)被當做(zuo) 了(le)(le)該書的(de)(de)封面。本(ben)次(ci)采訪，記者多少有些幸運，因為郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)剛(gang)剛(gang)完(wan)成一(yi)次(ci)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)，之前歷經百年(nian)(nian)滄桑的(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)因為年(nian)(nian)久(jiu)失修(xiu)(xiu)而(er)顯(xian)得(de)殘(can)破，有些建(jian)筑(zhu)甚(shen)至出(chu)(chu)現坍塌。郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)文(wen)化(hua)局(ju)有關(guan)負責人介紹說，為保(bao)護山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)這一(yi)古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)瑰寶，郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)決定對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)。郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)文(wen)化(hua)局(ju)籌資20萬(wan)元，郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)糧食局(ju)籌資10萬(wan)元，從2007年(nian)(nian)11月15日(ri)起對(dui)郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)。本(ben)次(ci)主(zhu)(zhu)要對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)戲樓(lou)(lou)(lou)和(he)鐘(zhong)、鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行了(le)(le)搶險(xian)加固，其中(zhong)包括(kuo)更換修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內(nei)損毀的(de)(de)檁(lin)條，樓(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)門、窗(chuang)，房脊、墻(qiang)面及裝(zhuang)飾等。經過兩個月施工，戲樓(lou)(lou)(lou)和(he)鐘(zhong)、鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)于(yu)2008年(nian)(nian)1月15日(ri)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)完(wan)畢。眼下(xia)(xia)呈(cheng)現在(zai)人們面前的(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)色彩不(bu)那么鮮艷，但基本(ben)骨架(jia)較(jiao)好。孔令公介紹說，這次(ci)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)確實很(hen)及時，剛(gang)剛(gang)修(xiu)(xiu)繕完(wan)，就(jiu)遇(yu)到了(le)(le)惡劣的(de)(de)冰(bing)雪天氣，如(ru)果不(bu)是(shi)(shi)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)的(de)(de)話，會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)鐘(zhong)、鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)很(hen)難頂過風(feng)雪的(de)(de)侵(qin)襲。對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)堅持(chi)“修(xiu)(xiu)舊如(ru)舊”的(de)(de)原則，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)不(bu)改變文(wen)物(wu)原狀的(de)(de)前提下(xia)(xia)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)，力(li)爭達到修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)文(wen)物(wu)的(de)(de)高境界，盡量(liang)將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)原貌重(zhong)(zhong)新呈(cheng)現，讓人們領略(lve)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)昔(xi)日(ri)風(feng)貌。今(jin)后一(yi)個時期(qi)，郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)還將(jiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)圍繞“維修(xiu)(xiu)、保(bao)護、開(kai)(kai)發(fa)、利(li)用”8個字大(da)做(zuo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)文(wen)章，爭取使山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)恢復(fu)到鼎(ding)盛時期(qi)的(de)(de)“容(rong)貌”，把(ba)其作為旅游(you)景點進(jin)(jin)(jin)行開(kai)(kai)發(fa)，發(fa)揮其自(zi)身(shen)的(de)(de)價值，吸引更多的(de)(de)游(you)人。下(xia)(xia)一(yi)步郟(jia)(jia)縣(xian)(xian)當地將(jiang)對(dui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行綠(lv)化(hua)美化(hua)規劃，挖掉(diao)院(yuan)內(nei)不(bu)屬(shu)于(yu)風(feng)景樹的(de)(de)桐(tong)樹，種上園林(lin)苗木，建(jian)造怡人場(chang)所。當地已決定將(jiang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陜(shan)(shan)(shan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)申報為國(guo)家級重(zhong)(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護單(dan)位。