明嘉靖(jing)十三(san)年(1534年),葉赫部(bu)城址西城、商監(jian)府(fu)城始建。
嘉靖二十五(wu)年(1547年),葉赫(he)部城址東城始建。
萬歷(li)四十七(qi)年(nian)(1619年(nian)),葉赫部城址東城、西城與(yu)商監府(fu)城同時廢棄。
1979年,四(si)平(ping)市地區文(wen)物調查小組對葉赫部(bu)城(cheng)址進行了考古調查。
1983年6月,為(wei)配合中國第(di)二次文物普(pu)查,四平市地(di)區文物調查小組對葉赫部(bu)城址(zhi)進行了第(di)2次考(kao)古調查。
1994年6月,葉(xie)赫那拉城(位(wei)于葉(xie)赫鎮(zhen)轉山湖水(shui)庫(ku)東山之上)仿古建筑群工程動工。
1995年(nian)8月,葉赫(he)那(nei)拉城竣(jun)工,占地1萬平(ping)方米,建筑面積7000平(ping)方米。
1997年,四平(ping)市地區文(wen)物調查小組對(dui)葉赫部城址(zhi)進行(xing)了第3次考(kao)古(gu)調查。
2007年,為配(pei)合中國第三次文物普(pu)查(cha),四平市地(di)區文物調(diao)查(cha)小(xiao)組對葉赫部(bu)城(cheng)址進(jin)行了第4次考古調(diao)查(cha)。
2014、2015年,為配合(he)中國文(wen)物(wu)信(xin)息咨詢中心編(bian)制葉赫部(bu)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)保護規劃(hua),四平市文(wen)物(wu)管理(li)委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)辦公室又組(zu)織專業人員(yuan)對(dui)葉赫部(bu)東城(cheng)(cheng)、西城(cheng)(cheng)進行了局(ju)部(bu)勘(kan)探,并對(dui)葉赫部(bu)周邊城(cheng)(cheng)寨進行調查。
葉赫部城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址有東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和商(shang)監(jian)府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),呈(cheng)三角形分布,東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隔葉赫河相望,商(shang)監(jian)府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位于(yu)東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之南。西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)依自然山勢(shi)修(xiu)筑(zhu),堅固(gu)險要(yao)。其外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)用石頭修(xiu)筑(zhu),石城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)又(you)加筑(zhu)木(mu)柵欄,而里面又(you)修(xiu)木(mu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),木(mu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中有八(ba)角明(ming)樓。
東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)原稱(cheng)“臺柱寨”,因修筑(zhu)時間比(bi)西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)晚,又(you)位于葉赫河(he)東(dong)岸,故(gu)稱(cheng)新城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)分。外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)三面(mian)(mian)環水,一面(mian)(mian)靠山(shan),平面(mian)(mian)呈圓角(jiao)(jiao)方(fang)形,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣為土石(shi)堆筑(zhu),周(zhou)長3500米(mi)(mi),面(mian)(mian)積約61萬(wan)平方(fang)米(mi)(mi);內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)在外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正(zheng)中一座突起的平頂山(shan)丘之(zhi)上,平面(mian)(mian)呈橢(tuo)圓形,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣沿(yan)山(shan)崖邊緣修筑(zhu),周(zhou)長1113米(mi)(mi),面(mian)(mian)積9萬(wan)平方(fang)米(mi)(mi),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣外(wai)(wai)壁斜坡殘(can)高24米(mi)(mi),內(nei)(nei)壁斜坡殘(can)高3-4米(mi)(mi),內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)北2座門門外(wai)(wai)均有馬(ma)蹄形甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門為2扇向內(nei)(nei)對開,用厚(hou)木板外(wai)(wai)包(bao)鐵(tie)皮并以(yi)大頭鐵(tie)門釘加固,故(gu)有石(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鐵(tie)門之(zhi)稱(cheng),有角(jiao)(jiao)樓(lou)而無(wu)馬(ma)面(mian)(mian),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)有八角(jiao)(jiao)明樓(lou)(迎(ying)神殿(dian))、瓦子(zi)堂(tang)(祭(ji)神殿(dian))、貝勒府和格格樓(lou)等建(jian)筑(zhu)遺址,官邸、民宅、倉儲、作坊(fang)等建(jian)筑(zhu)。
西(xi)(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)稱“夜黑寨”,因修筑時(shi)間比東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)早,又(you)位于(yu)葉赫河之(zhi)西(xi)(xi)岸(an),故稱老(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或(huo)西(xi)(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),西(xi)(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)分。外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)三面(mian)(mian)(mian)依山,一面(mian)(mian)(mian)臨水(shui),平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)呈(cheng)橢圓形,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣以土(tu)石堆筑,殘高2-3米(mi),周長2347米(mi),面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)約(yue)43萬(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi),辟東、西(xi)(xi)二門;內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建在外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東南(nan)隅一座(zuo)突起的山頭上(shang),平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)呈(cheng)梯形,南(nan)寬北窄,依山勢走向筑城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣亦為(wei)土(tu)石堆筑,周長702米(mi),面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)約(yue)2.5萬(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi),東墻(qiang)(qiang)和南(nan)墻(qiang)(qiang)沿陡崖邊緣修筑,殘高3-4米(mi),西(xi)(xi)墻(qiang)(qiang)和北墻(qiang)(qiang)為(wei)平(ping)(ping)地起筑,殘高10-12米(mi),有角樓四座(zuo),殘高14米(mi),凸出(chu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)(wai)3米(mi),有馬面(mian)(mian)(mian)12座(zuo),殘高12米(mi),凸出(chu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)(wai)2米(mi),馬面(mian)(mian)(mian)間距20-40米(mi)不等,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內有2處長方(fang)(fang)形建筑址。
商監府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),又稱(cheng)珊延沃赫城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),即白石山(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),平(ping)面(mian)(mian)呈長方形,有(you)內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之分。內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)2重(zhong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣,外(wai)重(zhong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣周(zhou)長497米,面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)約(yue)1.8萬平(ping)方米;外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)沿山(shan)脊修筑,周(zhou)長1500米,面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)約(yue)16萬平(ping)方米,此(ci)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)角樓,無(wu)馬面(mian)(mian),無(wu)甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。
葉赫部城(cheng)(cheng)址東城(cheng)(cheng)地表散(san)布的(de)泥質灰(hui)陶(tao)(tao)、缸胎(tai)釉和明(ming)代(dai)青花(hua)、五(wu)彩(cai)瓷片(pian),與西城(cheng)(cheng)相同,但數量遠比西城(cheng)(cheng)多;葉赫部城(cheng)(cheng)址西城(cheng)(cheng)地面散(san)布大量輪制泥質灰(hui)陶(tao)(tao)和醬陶(tao)(tao)殘(can)(can)片(pian),另(ling)有明(ming)代(dai)青花(hua)、五(wu)彩(cai)、斗(dou)彩(cai)和單色瓷殘(can)(can)片(pian);西城(cheng)(cheng)內城(cheng)(cheng)遍布青磚(zhuan)、布紋(wen)(wen)瓦、仰蓮紋(wen)(wen)瓦當(dang)和三(san)角形(xing)滴水、白(bai)灰(hui)塊等遺物;葉赫部城(cheng)(cheng)址商監府城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)內地表散(san)布輪制泥質灰(hui)陶(tao)(tao)和缸胎(tai)釉陶(tao)(tao)及明(ming)代(dai)青花(hua)、五(wu)彩(cai)瓷器殘(can)(can)片(pian)、鐵箭頭、鐵刀等遺物。
葉(xie)赫部(bu)城址是(shi)四(si)平(ping)市重要的文(wen)化遺(yi)產,為明代海西女真扈倫四(si)部(bu)之(zhi)一葉(xie)赫部(bu)的故(gu)城,是(shi)滿(man)族(zu)的發祥(xiang)地之(zhi)一,葉(xie)赫部(bu)城址保護(hu)(hu)規(gui)劃的編制,為保護(hu)(hu)、開(kai)發、利(li)用該城址,并對四(si)平(ping)市的經濟發展及文(wen)化旅游產業(ye)具(ju)有重大意義。
保護措施(shi)2006年5月25日(ri),葉赫部城址被(bei)中華人民共和國(guo)國(guo)務院(yuan)公布(bu)為第六批全國(guo)重點文(wen)物(wu)保護單位。
2017年(nian),四平市文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)管理(li)委員(yuan)會辦公室編制(zhi)《葉(xie)赫部城址文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護規劃》,依托(tuo)葉(xie)赫部城址這一歷史文(wen)(wen)化遺產,協調好(hao)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護與經(jing)濟開(kai)發的關系。
在扈倫四(si)部(bu)(bu)中(zhong),以葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)部(bu)(bu)強,又受(shou)明朝的支(zhi)持。努爾哈赤(chi)繼對葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)兩(liang)次征討之后,于萬(wan)歷四(si)十(shi)七年即天命四(si)年(1619年),再次發(fa)兵攻(gong)打葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he);正月初二日(ri)(ri),努爾哈赤(chi)命大貝勒代善率將十(shi)六員、兵五千(qian)人(ren),往守扎喀關,防止明軍(jun)偷襲建州(zhou),親率傾國之師起行;初七日(ri)(ri),深入葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)界(jie),建州(zhou)兵自克亦特(te)城、粘(zhan)罕(han)寨焚掠至葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)城東十(shi)里(li),俘獲大量人(ren)民、畜產、糧食和(he)財物,盡焚葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)城十(shi)里(li)外(wai)之大小屯寨二十(shi)余處(chu),葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)向明乞師,明開原總兵馬林(lin)率合城兵馳救(jiu),建州(zhou)軍(jun)為(wei)避免兩(liang)面(mian)受(shou)敵,班師而回(hui),葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)為(wei)著報答(da)明朝,派兵二千(qian)應援薩(sa)爾滸之戰(zhan)(后文敘述)的明軍(jun),時(shi)努爾哈赤(chi)謀使所屬詐降葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)金臺(tai)石,金臺(tai)石不應,建州(zhou)在取得薩(sa)爾滸大捷之后,乘機(ji)發(fa)兵再征葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)。
萬歷四十(shi)七年即(ji)天命四年(1619年)八月(yue),努(nu)爾(er)(er)哈赤召集諸王(wang)(wang)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)臣會(hui)議(yi),商(shang)討(tao)對葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)的作戰計(ji)劃,并誓言:“此舉如不克(ke)平葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he),吾(wu)必不反(fan)〔返〕國(guo)也。”(徐乾學:《葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)家乘》清鈔本)時葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)金臺(tai)(tai)石(shi)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)東(dong)城(cheng),貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)布(bu)揚(yang)古(gu)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)西(xi)(xi)城(cheng),兩(liang)城(cheng)相距四里(li)。諸王(wang)(wang)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)臣會(hui)議(yi)決定:大(da)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)代善(shan)(shan)、二貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)阿敏(舒爾(er)(er)哈齊之(zhi)子(zi))、三(san)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)莽古(gu)爾(er)(er)泰(tai)、四貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)皇太(tai)極等(deng)(deng)率護軍(jun)(jun)(jun)健騎,揚(yang)言征(zheng)討(tao)蒙古(gu),繞路潛行,直投(tou)葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)布(bu)揚(yang)古(gu)駐(zhu)地西(xi)(xi)城(cheng),又命額(e)亦(yi)都等(deng)(deng)領前(qian)鋒(feng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun),“扮為蒙古(gu)兵(bing)(bing)”,馳投(tou)葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)金臺(tai)(tai)石(shi)駐(zhu)地東(dong)城(cheng),努(nu)爾(er)(er)哈赤親率八固山(shan)額(e)真,直督(du)大(da)軍(jun)(jun)(jun),隨后進(jin)圍(wei)金臺(tai)(tai)石(shi)城(cheng);大(da)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)于十(shi)九(jiu)日(ri)出發,即(ji)斷(duan)絕往來信息。葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)金臺(tai)(tai)石(shi)駐(zhu)地東(dong)城(cheng),依山(shan)修筑,堅固險要。東(dong)城(cheng)為葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)城(cheng)之(zhi)役攻堅所(suo)在(zai);二十(shi)二日(ri),后金軍(jun)(jun)(jun)進(jin)至葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)城(cheng)下,葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)金臺(tai)(tai)石(shi)、布(bu)揚(yang)古(gu)各統兵(bing)(bing)出城(cheng),鳴(ming)角操鼓,準(zhun)備迎戰,后金軍(jun)(jun)(jun)盔甲鮮明,劍戟林(lin)立(li),鉦鼓相聞,河谷震蕩,兩(liang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)混戰多時,葉(xie)赫(he)(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)見勢不能敵,令(ling)鳴(ming)角收兵(bing)(bing),入城(cheng)堅守,代善(shan)(shan)等(deng)(deng)四大(da)貝(bei)勒(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)督(du)率護軍(jun)(jun)(jun)圍(wei)布(bu)揚(yang)古(gu)所(suo)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)西(xi)(xi)城(cheng),努(nu)爾(er)(er)哈赤率額(e)亦(yi)都等(deng)(deng)督(du)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)圍(wei)金臺(tai)(tai)石(shi)所(suo)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)東(dong)城(cheng)。