芋頭侗寨(zhai)在行政區劃(hua)上隸屬于雙江(jiang)鄉(xiang)。明(ming)洪武年(nian)(nian)間(1368~1398年(nian)(nian))建(jian)(jian)寨(zhai);明(ming)嘉靖三年(nian)(nian)(1508年(nian)(nian))戶增人旺,建(jian)(jian)筑規模擴大,形成村落(luo);清順治(zhi)年(nian)(nian)間(1644~1661年(nian)(nian))遭火(huo)災,復建(jian)(jian)后(hou)形成以(yi)芋頭溪(xi)流(liu)為軸線(xian)向兩側分叉(cha)布置的(de)7個聚落(luo)群;清乾隆四(si)十二年(nian)(nian)(1777年(nian)(nian))建(jian)(jian)寨(zhai)腳橋(qiao)及龍氏鼓樓、牙上鼓樓;清嘉慶五年(nian)(nian)(1800年(nian)(nian))建(jian)(jian)塘頭橋(qiao)。清光(guang)緒7年(nian)(nian)建(jian)(jian)塘坪橋(qiao)。
清道光(guang)、光(guang)緒年(nian)(nian)(nian)間分別維修驛道和牙(ya)上鼓(gu)樓。明洪(hong)武元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)至三(san)十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1368-1398)間始(shi)建(jian)(jian)寨(zhai);嘉靖(jing)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1508)戶增人旺,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)規模擴(kuo)大,形成(cheng)村(cun)落。清順治年(nian)(nian)(nian)間遭火災,復建(jian)(jian)后形成(cheng)以芋頭溪流為軸線向兩邊分叉座落的7個聚居(ju)群(qun)。清乾隆四(si)十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1777)建(jian)(jian)寨(zhai)腳橋(qiao)(qiao)及龍氏鼓(gu)樓,牙(ya)上鼓(gu)樓。清嘉慶五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1800)建(jian)(jian)中(zhong)步(bu)和塘坪橋(qiao)(qiao)。清道光(guang)、光(guang)緒年(nian)(nian)(nian)間分別維修驛道和牙(ya)上鼓(gu)樓。芋頭侗寨(zhai)古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群(qun)因(yin)山就(jiu)勢,結構造型(xing)具有典型(xing)的侗族(zu)風格,鼓(gu)樓、門樓、蘆笙場、古井、涼亭、薩歲壇、古墓葬群(qun)、侗族(zu)樓層(ceng)及青石板驛道等(deng)一(yi)應俱全,且(qie)保存完(wan)好(hao),有很高的歷史、人文及藝術(shu)價。
芋頭(tou)(tou)侗(dong)寨(zhai),從建(jian)(jian)寨(zhai)選址(zhi),布置建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物,到規劃村(cun)寨(zhai)于周圍環(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)協調及(ji)人(ren)們(men)衣食住行、祭祀,都是傳統(tong)堪輿學(xue)說在侗(dong)民族地(di)區現(xian)實(shi)生活(huo)中的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)用。寨(zhai)內各類建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)因地(di)制宜(yi),依山勢,順風水(shui)分(fen)(fen)別布置建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物,將自然風光(guang)與人(ren)為創造結成天、地(di)、人(ren)三(san)位(wei)一體,充分(fen)(fen)展示(shi)了侗(dong)民族的(de)(de)(de)古樸(pu)憨厚和(he)聰(cong)明才智。芋頭(tou)(tou)侗(dong)寨(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)屬于典型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)山地(di)溝(gou)谷(gu)侗(dong)寨(zhai)山脊型(xing)(xing)和(he)山谷(gu)型(xing)(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)模式。寨(zhai)內所保存的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),無(wu)論(lun)是從整(zheng)體到局(ju)部,還是從布局(ju)到工(gong)藝(yi),都融匯了侗(dong)族工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)傳統(tong)和(he)山里人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)樸(pu)實(shi)風格,全面(mian)反映了侗(dong)族的(de)(de)(de)民族史和(he)民俗史。
芋頭(tou)侗(dong)(dong)寨(zhai)古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群因(yin)山就勢,結構造型(xing)(xing)具有(you)(you)典型(xing)(xing)的(de)侗(dong)(dong)族風格(ge),鼓(gu)(gu)樓(lou)(lou)、門樓(lou)(lou)、蘆笙(sheng)場、古(gu)井(jing)、涼亭、薩歲壇、古(gu)墓葬群、侗(dong)(dong)族樓(lou)(lou)屋(wu)及青石(shi)板驛道等一(yi)應俱全,其中(zhong)古(gu)樓(lou)(lou)4座,風雨橋3座,門樓(lou)(lou)1座,古(gu)井(jing)2口(kou),薩歲壇2個(ge),吊腳樓(lou)(lou)居(ju)室(shi)78棟,古(gu)驛道1.6公里(li)。芋頭(tou)侗(dong)(dong)寨(zhai)的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)屬于(yu)(yu)典型(xing)(xing)的(de)山地溝谷侗(dong)(dong)寨(zhai)山脊型(xing)(xing)和(he)山谷型(xing)(xing)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)模式(shi)。寨(zhai)內民居(ju)采用“桿欄式(shi)”建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)多。有(you)(you)的(de)采用架立的(de)吊腳樓(lou)(lou)式(shi),以適應南(nan)方山區氣候濕潤,多蚊蟲的(de)特點(dian)。屋(wu)頂懸山式(shi),施小青瓦(wa)或覆蓋(gai)杉皮,使得建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物色彩樸實(shi),質感宜人(ren)。芋頭(tou)侗(dong)(dong)寨(zhai)始建(jian)于(yu)(yu)明(ming)洪武年間,后(hou)遭大火,寨(zhai)內現有(you)(you)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)大部分為(wei)清中(zhong)期(qi)、末期(qi)的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。村寨(zhai)現有(you)(you)鼓(gu)(gu)樓(lou)(lou)4個(ge):寨(zhai)中(zhong)鼓(gu)(gu)樓(lou)(lou)簡樸地立于(yu)(yu)田中(zhong);龍氏鼓(gu)(gu)樓(lou)(lou)昂然立于(yu)(yu)山上最(zui)高(gao)處;蘆笙(sheng)鼓(gu)(gu)樓(lou)(lou)雕梁畫棟漂亮,為(wei)九(jiu)層(ceng)密檐攢尖(jian)蘆笙(sheng)頂木樓(lou)(lou),下五層(ceng)為(wei)四角,上四層(ceng)為(wei)八角,翹檐上下都塑(su)有(you)(you)龍鳳(feng)花鳥(niao)圖案,金光閃亮;牙上鼓(gu)(gu)樓(lou)(lou)較為(wei)奇險(xian),一(yi)半搭在山坡上,一(yi)半懸于(yu)(yu)山坡下,由17根梨木柱子支撐,最(zui)長的(de)一(yi)根有(you)(you)9.1米高(gao)。