屈(qu)子祠(ci)(ci),亦稱(cheng)屈(qu)原廟,現辟為(wei)屈(qu)原紀念(nian)館,位(wei)于湖(hu)南省汨羅城(cheng)西北玉笥(si)山(shan)頂(ding)(ding)。始建(jian)于漢代,原址無考。清(qing)乾(qian)隆(long)二十一(yi)(yi)年(nian)(1756年(nian)),將(jiang)它移建(jian)至(zhi)(zhi)玉笥(si)山(shan)上(shang)。占地7.8畝(mu)。自山(shan)腳至(zhi)(zhi)祠(ci)(ci)有(you)石(shi)階119階。此祠(ci)(ci)為(wei)三(san)進青磚(zhuan)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)。祠(ci)(ci)正門牌樓墻上(shang)繪有(you)13幅屈(qu)原生(sheng)平業績和對理想追求(qiu)的寫(xie)照的浮雕。在(zai)過(guo)道的墻壁(bi)上(shang),鑲嵌著(zhu)(zhu)許多石(shi)碑,鐫(juan)刻著(zhu)(zhu)后人(ren)憑吊屈(qu)原的詩文詞賦(fu)。后殿矗立一(yi)(yi)尊(zun)1980年(nian)重(zhong)塑的屈(qu)原像,神(shen)采感人(ren)。附近建(jian)有(you)獨醒亭(ting)、騷壇(tan)、濯(zhuo)纓橋、桃花(hua)(hua)(hua)洞、壽星(xing)臺(tai)、剪刀池(chi)、繡花(hua)(hua)(hua)墩、望爺墩等(deng)紀念(nian)屈(qu)原的古(gu)跡,俗稱(cheng)玉笥(si)山(shan)“八(ba)景(jing)”。今存建(jian)筑有(you)正殿、信芳亭(ting)、屈(qu)子祠(ci)(ci)碑等(deng)。正殿為(wei)磚(zhuan)木結(jie)構(gou)(gou),單層單檐,青磚(zhuan)砌墻,黃琉璃瓦覆頂(ding)(ding),風格(ge)古(gu)樸(pu)秀雅,全殿三(san)進,中、后兩進間置一(yi)(yi)過(guo)亭(ting),前(qian)后左右各設(she)一(yi)(yi)天井,中有(you)丹池(chi),池(chi)中有(you)大花(hua)(hua)(hua)臺(tai),植(zhi)金桂(gui)。祠(ci)(ci)內(nei)有(you)樹(shu)齡在(zai)300年(nian)以上(shang)的桂(gui)樹(shu)多株,每逢中秋(qiu)節,黃、白花(hua)(hua)(hua)盛開,馨香(xiang)四(si)溢,令人(ren)陶醉。
春秋戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)時期(qi),楚國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)詩(shi)人屈原(yuan)被流(liu)放時,曾在(zai)汨泉江畔的玉(yu)笥(si)山上住過。后來屈原(yuan)感到救國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)無望(wang),投江而(er)死。后人為了紀念他,便(bian)修祠在(zai)玉(yu)笥(si)山上。屈子祠占(zhan)地1354平方米,建筑為磚木結構(gou),莊嚴古樸,肅(su)穆幽雅。屈子祠現已列入全省青少年(nian)愛(ai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)義(yi)教育基(ji)地。
2001年06月(yue)25日,屈子祠(ci)作為清代古建筑(zhu),被(bei)國務院批準列(lie)入(ru)第(di)五批全國重(zhong)點文(wen)物保護單(dan)(dan)位(wei)名單(dan)(dan)。
屈(qu)子祠(ci)的(de)(de)由(you)來(lai)屈(qu)子祠(ci),又名(ming)三(san)閭(lv)祠(ci),是為(wei)了紀念中國偉大(da)愛國詩(shi)人(ren)(ren)屈(qu)原而(er)修建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)。始建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)漢,重修于(yu)清乾隆十九年(公元(yuan)(yuan)1754年),建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面積1651平方米,但檐硬山頂磚木(mu)結構(gou),三(san)間三(san)進,整個建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)具有典型的(de)(de)江南(nan)(nan)(nan)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風格(ge)。始建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)唐元(yuan)(yuan)和十五(wu)年(820年),北宋改名(ming)為(wei)清烈(lie)公祠(ci),元(yuan)(yuan)、明、清屢圮(pi)屢修,才得(de)以保存。1978年建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)葛洲壩水利樞時(shi),將它遷至今(jin)址(zhi),且按(an)原貌重建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。 屈(qu)原祠(ci)依山面江,景色秀美(mei)。由(you)此地南(nan)(nan)(nan)眺,大(da)江南(nan)(nan)(nan)岸(an)諸峰(feng)歷歷在 目。每逢端(duan)午佳節(jie),這里都舉辦(ban)龍舟(zhou)競(jing)渡。屆時(shi),江上(shang)彩(cai)舟(zhou)如梭(suo),岸(an)上(shang)游人(ren)(ren)如織(zhi),熱鬧異常(chang)。
屈(qu)子(zi)祠(ci)(ci)占地約七八畝,正(zheng)屋三進,中、后(hou)進之間有過亭,前后(hou)、左右(you)兩側有天井(jing)。天井(jing)里各栽有兩株(zhu)200年以上的(de)桂花。祠(ci)(ci)的(de)建筑為磚木結(jie)構,莊嚴古樸,肅穆幽雅。在過道的(de)墻(qiang)壁上,鑲嵌著許多石(shi)碑,鐫(juan)刻(ke)著后(hou)人憑(ping)吊屈(qu)原(yuan)的(de)詩文(wen)祠(ci)(ci)賦。
屈(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)子(zi)祠(ci)(ci)為(wei)(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)木結構,坐北(bei)向南,三進(jin),祠(ci)(ci)正(zheng)面(mian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三孔大門(men),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)門(men)為(wei)(wei)(wei)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)式,下面(mian)鑲(xiang)嵌五龍(long)捧白(bai)垂石雕(diao)刻(ke),鐫“屈(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)子(zi)祠(ci)(ci)”三字。門(men)坊(fang)和山(shan)墻上(shang)(shang)有(you)17幅關(guan)于屈(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)原的(de)(de)浮雕(diao),如(ru)漁父談心圖、懷(huai)沙投江圖等。由(you)正(zheng)門(men)入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian),可(ke)見巨幅雕(diao)屏,上(shang)(shang)刻(ke)司馬遷(qian)《史記.屈(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)原列傳》全文,其(qi)上(shang)(shang)梁則懸一幅“光爭日明”橫(heng)匾。廳中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)木柱上(shang)(shang)有(you)清郭(guo)嵩燾、李元度撰寫的(de)(de)楹聯(lian)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)有(you)董(dong)必武(wu)撰寫的(de)(de)聯(lian)語。后(hou)(hou)進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)廳置屈(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)原鍍金(jin)(jin)塑(su)像,像高3米。兩(liang)旁柱上(shang)(shang)有(you)于立群書郭(guo)沫若集(ji)(ji)《離騷》句:“集(ji)(ji)芙蓉(rong)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)裳,又樹蕙之百畝(mu);帥云霓(ni)而來御,將往觀乎四荒。”東(dong)西廂房為(wei)(wei)(wei)展覽室(shi)。由(you)廳側后(hou)(hou)行(xing)可(ke)見丹池,池中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兩(liang)花(hua)臺(tai)內各(ge)植金(jin)(jin)桂(gui)一棵(ke)。丹池后(hou)(hou)行(xing)至二進(jin),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)祭祀廳,設神龕(kan),供“故(gu)楚三閭大夫屈(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)原之神位”牌(pai)(pai)。過神龕(kan)出拱門(men)可(ke)見過亭,亭側天井植300年樹齡之上(shang)(shang)金(jin)(jin)、銀桂(gui)。再(zai)后(hou)(hou)行(xing)即至三進(jin),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)立有(you)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)原手撫佩劍之塑(su)像。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)兩(liang)側之廂房現辟為(wei)(wei)(wei)介紹屈(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)原生平(ping)的(de)(de)展室(shi),陳(chen)列有(you)歷代(dai)牌(pai)(pai)本的(de)(de)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)原著作。
屈(qu)(qu)(qu)子祠整個建筑(zhu)系(xi)磚(zhuan)木結(jie)構,由五十六根木柱支撐。整個建筑(zhu)廳(ting)、堂、池、廊、樓(lou)、閣渾然(ran)一體,結(jie)構嚴(yan)謹,雕(diao)花精細。屈(qu)(qu)(qu)子祠內(nei)現辟八個陳列室,對屈(qu)(qu)(qu)原的(de)生平、著作(zuo),屈(qu)(qu)(qu)原在(zai)汨羅江一帶的(de)遺跡(ji)以(yi)及后人紀念屈(qu)(qu)(qu)原的(de)風俗習慣進行了介(jie)紹。
屈(qu)子(zi)(zi)祠前有(you)寬闊的(de)石坪(ping)(ping),石坪(ping)(ping)南側有(you)石階(jie)梯(ti)119級直通汨羅江邊(bian)。屈(qu)子(zi)(zi)祠周圍還有(you)獨醒(xing)亭、騷壇、桃花洞、招屈(qu)亭等(deng)紀(ji)念性的(de)建筑。祠東的(de)屈(qu)原碑(bei)林嵌當(dang)代名家書(shu)法碑(bei)刻356塊(kuai)。