屈(qu)子(zi)祠(ci),亦稱屈(qu)原(yuan)廟(miao),現辟為(wei)屈(qu)原(yuan)紀念館,位于湖南(nan)省(sheng)汨羅城西北(bei)玉笥(si)山(shan)頂。始(shi)建(jian)(jian)于漢代,原(yuan)址無考(kao)。清乾隆二十一(yi)年(1756年),將(jiang)它移建(jian)(jian)至玉笥(si)山(shan)上(shang)。占地7.8畝。自山(shan)腳至祠(ci)有(you)石階(jie)119階(jie)。此祠(ci)為(wei)三進青磚結構(gou)。祠(ci)正(zheng)(zheng)門牌樓墻上(shang)繪有(you)13幅(fu)屈(qu)原(yuan)生平業績和對(dui)理(li)想追求的(de)(de)(de)(de)寫照的(de)(de)(de)(de)浮雕(diao)。在(zai)過(guo)道的(de)(de)(de)(de)墻壁(bi)上(shang),鑲嵌著(zhu)許多(duo)(duo)石碑,鐫刻著(zhu)后人憑吊屈(qu)原(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)詩文詞賦。后殿矗立一(yi)尊1980年重塑的(de)(de)(de)(de)屈(qu)原(yuan)像,神采感人。附近建(jian)(jian)有(you)獨醒亭(ting)、騷壇、濯纓橋、桃(tao)花洞、壽星臺(tai)、剪(jian)刀池(chi)、繡(xiu)花墩(dun)(dun)、望爺墩(dun)(dun)等紀念屈(qu)原(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)古跡,俗稱玉笥(si)山(shan)“八景(jing)”。今存建(jian)(jian)筑有(you)正(zheng)(zheng)殿、信芳亭(ting)、屈(qu)子(zi)祠(ci)碑等。正(zheng)(zheng)殿為(wei)磚木(mu)結構(gou),單層(ceng)單檐,青磚砌墻,黃琉璃瓦覆頂,風(feng)格(ge)古樸秀雅,全殿三進,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、后兩進間置一(yi)過(guo)亭(ting),前后左右(you)各設(she)一(yi)天井,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)丹池(chi),池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)大(da)花臺(tai),植金(jin)桂。祠(ci)內(nei)有(you)樹(shu)齡在(zai)300年以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)桂樹(shu)多(duo)(duo)株,每逢(feng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)秋(qiu)節,黃、白花盛(sheng)開,馨香四溢,令人陶醉(zui)。
春秋戰國(guo)時期(qi),楚(chu)國(guo)詩人屈(qu)(qu)原被(bei)流放時,曾在(zai)(zai)汨泉江(jiang)畔的玉笥(si)山(shan)上住過。后來(lai)屈(qu)(qu)原感到救國(guo)無望,投江(jiang)而死。后人為(wei)了紀念(nian)他,便修(xiu)祠在(zai)(zai)玉笥(si)山(shan)上。屈(qu)(qu)子祠占地1354平方米,建筑為(wei)磚(zhuan)木結構,莊嚴(yan)古(gu)樸,肅(su)穆(mu)幽雅。屈(qu)(qu)子祠現已列入全(quan)省青(qing)少年愛國(guo)主義教育(yu)基地。
2001年(nian)06月25日,屈子祠作為清代(dai)古(gu)建筑(zhu),被國務院批準列入第五批全國重(zhong)點(dian)文物保護單位名單。
屈子祠(ci)(ci)的(de)由來(lai)屈子祠(ci)(ci),又名三閭(lv)祠(ci)(ci),是(shi)為(wei)了紀念(nian)中國偉大愛國詩人(ren)(ren)屈原(yuan)而(er)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)。始建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于漢,重修(xiu)(xiu)于清乾隆十九年(公(gong)元(yuan)1754年),建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面積1651平(ping)方米,但(dan)檐硬山(shan)頂(ding)磚木(mu)結(jie)構(gou),三間三進,整個建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)具有典型(xing)的(de)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)南(nan)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)風(feng)格。始建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于唐元(yuan)和十五年(820年),北宋(song)改名為(wei)清烈公(gong)祠(ci)(ci),元(yuan)、明、清屢(lv)圮(pi)屢(lv)修(xiu)(xiu),才得以(yi)保存(cun)。1978年建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)葛(ge)洲壩水(shui)利(li)樞時,將它遷至今址,且按原(yuan)貌重建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。 屈原(yuan)祠(ci)(ci)依山(shan)面江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),景色秀美。由此地(di)南(nan)眺,大江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)南(nan)岸諸峰歷歷在(zai) 目。每逢端(duan)午佳節,這里都舉辦龍舟競渡。屆時,江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上彩舟如(ru)梭,岸上游人(ren)(ren)如(ru)織,熱鬧(nao)異常。
屈(qu)子祠占(zhan)地約(yue)七八畝,正屋三進,中(zhong)、后進之(zhi)間有(you)過(guo)亭,前后、左右兩(liang)側有(you)天井。天井里各(ge)栽有(you)兩(liang)株(zhu)200年(nian)以上的桂花。祠的建筑為(wei)磚木結構(gou),莊嚴(yan)古樸,肅穆幽雅。在過(guo)道的墻壁上,鑲嵌(qian)著許多石(shi)碑(bei),鐫(juan)刻著后人憑吊屈(qu)原的詩文祠賦(fu)。
屈(qu)(qu)子(zi)祠(ci)為(wei)(wei)磚木結構,坐北向南,三(san)(san)(san)進(jin),祠(ci)正面為(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)孔大(da)門(men),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)門(men)為(wei)(wei)牌(pai)坊(fang)式,下面鑲(xiang)嵌五龍捧白(bai)垂石雕(diao)刻,鐫(juan)“屈(qu)(qu)子(zi)祠(ci)”三(san)(san)(san)字。門(men)坊(fang)和山墻上有(you)(you)17幅(fu)關(guan)于(yu)屈(qu)(qu)原(yuan)(yuan)的浮雕(diao),如漁父(fu)談心圖、懷沙投江圖等(deng)。由(you)(you)正門(men)入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian),可見巨幅(fu)雕(diao)屏,上刻司馬遷《史(shi)記.屈(qu)(qu)原(yuan)(yuan)列傳》全文,其上梁則懸(xuan)一幅(fu)“光爭日明”橫匾。廳(ting)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)木柱上有(you)(you)清郭(guo)嵩燾、李元(yuan)度撰寫(xie)的楹聯。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)有(you)(you)董必武(wu)撰寫(xie)的聯語。后(hou)(hou)進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)廳(ting)置(zhi)屈(qu)(qu)原(yuan)(yuan)鍍(du)金(jin)塑像,像高3米(mi)。兩旁柱上有(you)(you)于(yu)立群書郭(guo)沫若集(ji)《離騷(sao)》句:“集(ji)芙蓉以為(wei)(wei)裳,又樹(shu)蕙之(zhi)(zhi)百(bai)畝;帥(shuai)云霓(ni)而來御,將往觀乎四(si)荒。”東西廂房為(wei)(wei)展覽室。由(you)(you)廳(ting)側后(hou)(hou)行(xing)可見丹池(chi),池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兩花(hua)臺內各(ge)植(zhi)金(jin)桂一棵。丹池(chi)后(hou)(hou)行(xing)至二進(jin),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)為(wei)(wei)祭祀廳(ting),設神(shen)龕,供(gong)“故楚三(san)(san)(san)閭(lv)大(da)夫屈(qu)(qu)原(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)位(wei)”牌(pai)。過(guo)神(shen)龕出拱(gong)門(men)可見過(guo)亭,亭側天井(jing)植(zhi)300年樹(shu)齡之(zhi)(zhi)上金(jin)、銀(yin)桂。再后(hou)(hou)行(xing)即(ji)至三(san)(san)(san)進(jin),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)立有(you)(you)屈(qu)(qu)原(yuan)(yuan)手撫佩劍之(zhi)(zhi)塑像。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)兩側之(zhi)(zhi)廂房現辟為(wei)(wei)介(jie)紹屈(qu)(qu)原(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)平(ping)的展室,陳列有(you)(you)歷代牌(pai)本的屈(qu)(qu)原(yuan)(yuan)著作。
屈(qu)(qu)子祠整個建筑系(xi)磚木結構,由(you)五十六根木柱(zhu)支撐(cheng)。整個建筑廳(ting)、堂、池、廊、樓、閣渾然一體,結構嚴謹,雕花精細。屈(qu)(qu)子祠內現辟八(ba)個陳列室,對屈(qu)(qu)原的(de)生平、著作,屈(qu)(qu)原在汨羅江一帶的(de)遺跡以及后人紀念屈(qu)(qu)原的(de)風(feng)俗習(xi)慣進行了介紹。
屈(qu)子祠前有(you)寬(kuan)闊的石(shi)(shi)坪,石(shi)(shi)坪南側(ce)有(you)石(shi)(shi)階(jie)梯(ti)119級直通汨羅江邊(bian)。屈(qu)子祠周圍還有(you)獨醒亭、騷壇、桃花洞、招屈(qu)亭等紀念(nian)性的建筑。祠東的屈(qu)原碑林(lin)嵌(qian)當代名家(jia)書法碑刻356塊。