黑(hei)龍江(jiang)大(da)興安嶺(ling)(ling)砍都河國家(jia)濕地(di)公(gong)園位于黑(hei)龍江(jiang)省(sheng)松嶺(ling)(ling)林業局(ju)(ju)境內(nei),距離松嶺(ling)(ling)林業局(ju)(ju)局(ju)(ju)址駐地(di)小揚氣鎮直線距離約55公(gong)里。總面(mian)積(ji)7765公(gong)頃,其(qi)中濕地(di)面(mian)積(ji)5298公(gong)頃,濕地(di)率(lv)為68.2%。劃分為濕地(di)保育區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、恢復重建區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、宣(xuan)教展示區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、合理利用區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、管理服務區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)五個(ge)功能區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。
砍都河國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園位(wei)于(yu)黑龍江省大(da)興安嶺伊勒(le)呼里(li)山南麓(lu)松嶺林業局境(jing)內,距離小揚(yang)氣鎮(zhen)直線距離約55公(gong)(gong)里(li)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園東(dong)部緊鄰(lin)南甕河國(guo)家級自(zi)然保護(hu)區、國(guo)際重要(yao)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園總面積(ji)7765公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),其中濕(shi)(shi)地(di)面積(ji)5298公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)率為68.2%。
濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公園有大(da)面積森林、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di),以河流濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)為核(he)心,草本沼(zhao)澤為主(zhu)體占濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)面積中百分之八十以上。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公園內的寒(han)溫帶大(da)型河谷沼(zhao)澤平坦(tan)開闊,塔頭遍布,白樺等喬(qiao)木成島(dao)嶼狀(zhuang)分布在沼(zhao)澤中,稱(cheng)為島(dao)狀(zhuang)林,為大(da)興安嶺所特有。
保護區(qu)內現已發(fa)現維(wei)管束植(zhi)物(wu)61科800余種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),野(ye)生動物(wu)49種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),鳥類216種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、兩棲爬行動物(wu)及魚類44種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),基本(ben)涵(han)蓋了(le)大興安嶺(ling)寒(han)溫帶(dai)原始林(lin)區(qu)內所有的(de)陸(lu)生、濕生、水生生物(wu)類群物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),生物(wu)多(duo)樣性(xing)極為豐富(fu)。
砍(kan)都河為嫩(nen)江一級支流,屬嫩(nen)江水系,濕地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)地(di)(di)處(chu)嫩(nen)江源地(di)(di)區,濕地(di)(di)生(sheng)態系統結構和功能完整,生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣性(xing)豐富,自然(ran)特征突(tu)出。濕地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)位于我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)東部候鳥(niao)遷徙通道上(shang),是(shi)眾多候鳥(niao)的(de)停歇(xie)地(di)(di),有(you)鳥(niao)類(lei)16目39科(ke)115種,其中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家一級保護(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)東方白鸛(guan)、金雕、白尾海雕3種,國(guo)(guo)(guo)家二級保護(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)17種,此外還有(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家二級保護(hu)獸類(lei)2種,國(guo)(guo)(guo)家二級保護(hu)植物(wu)(wu)3種。