該濕地(di)(di)(di)公園位于廣州市花都(dou)區(qu),屬珠江流(liu)域,地(di)(di)(di)理坐標為(wei):東經113°12′26″~113°15′39″,北緯23°21′25″~23°23′34″。總(zong)面(mian)積為(wei)240.6公頃(qing),其中(zhong)濕地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積為(wei)169.3公頃(qing),濕地(di)(di)(di)率為(wei)70.3%。
規劃區(qu)域為:新街(jie)河兩岸的(de)花(hua)都(dou)湖,以人工筑湖、環(huan)湖道路和周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)農田的(de)田坎(kan)為界(jie),包括整個(ge)水(shui)(shui)面和周圍(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)草灘地(di)(di)(di)(di),考慮到濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)的(de)長遠發(fa)展和生態(tai)安全需要,將花(hua)都(dou)湖公(gong)(gong)園(yuan),一并納入濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)規劃范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)。濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)內植物(wu)(wu)以熱帶(dai)、亞熱帶(dai)類(lei)型為主(zhu),共(gong)有(you)維管(guan)束(shu)植物(wu)(wu)109科(ke)(ke)(ke)226屬306種(zhong),以樟(zhang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)、殼斗(dou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)、桃金娘科(ke)(ke)(ke)、桑科(ke)(ke)(ke)、山(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)、大戟科(ke)(ke)(ke)、茜草科(ke)(ke)(ke)、蘇木科(ke)(ke)(ke)和蕓香科(ke)(ke)(ke)等(deng)(deng)居多。重(zhong)要水(shui)(shui)生植物(wu)(wu)有(you)菖蒲、蘆葦、慈姑、金魚(yu)藻等(deng)(deng)。動物(wu)(wu)中(zhong)有(you)鳥(niao)類(lei)12目31科(ke)(ke)(ke)72種(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)30種(zhong)為冬候鳥(niao)或遷徙經過當地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)旅鳥(niao)。魚(yu)類(lei)有(you)36科(ke)(ke)(ke)64種(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)長體小鰾(biao)鮈(ju)為珠江水(shui)(shui)系(xi)特有(you)。兩棲類(lei)有(you)4科(ke)(ke)(ke)10種(zhong),爬行類(lei)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)19種(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong),花(hua)龜、三(san)索(suo)錦蛇被列入IUCN紅(hong)皮書瀕危物(wu)(wu)種(zhong),具有(you)較高的(de)保護價值。
規劃將廣東(dong)花都湖國家濕(shi)地公園分(fen)為生態保育區(qu)、恢復重建(jian)區(qu)、科(ke)普宣(xuan)教區(qu)、合理利用區(qu)和管理服(fu)務區(qu)。
生(sheng)態(tai)保育(yu)區(qu)為新(xin)街河河道,花都湖(hu)湖(hu)體,是濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園的(de)重(zhong)點保護(hu)區(qu)域。面(mian)積為132.9公(gong)(gong)頃,占濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園總(zong)面(mian)積的(de)55.2%。生(sheng)態(tai)保育(yu)區(qu)沿(yan)線自然(ran)(ran)環境良好,河中(zhong)島嶼(yu)眾(zhong)多,河道兩岸水(shui)生(sheng)植物茂盛,湖(hu)泊內水(shui)流(liu)清澈(che),自然(ran)(ran)景觀獨(du)具一格(ge),保留了自然(ran)(ran)濕(shi)地(di)的(de)原始(shi)風貌。
恢復重建區(qu)主要(yao)包括兩處(chu):一處(chu)位于(yu)迎賓大道以東、新街河上游(you)南側河岸(an);一處(chu)位于(yu)規劃(hua)區(qu)域中部橡膠壩西北方(fang)向(xiang)水(shui)(shui)塘及(ji)植被覆蓋區(qu)。面積(ji)為(wei)18.2公(gong)(gong)頃,占濕(shi)地公(gong)(gong)園總面積(ji)的7.6%。規劃(hua)通過工(gong)業污水(shui)(shui)整治、兩岸(an)魚塘開展退塘還濕(shi),利用濕(shi)地開展污水(shui)(shui)深(shen)度處(chu)理措施,改善水(shui)(shui)質,營造鳥類棲息(xi)地,恢復濕(shi)地生態環境。
宣教(jiao)展(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)范圍包(bao)括東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)兩個片(pian)區(qu)。面(mian)積(ji)48.6公頃(qing),占濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)總面(mian)積(ji)的20.2%。東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)為鐵山河、銅(tong)鼓坑(keng)、機場(chang)西北(bei)排渠與新街(jie)河匯(hui)流處東(dong)(dong)側(ce),重(zhong)點在于(yu)展(zhan)示(shi)濕(shi)地(di)保護的重(zhong)要性(xing)與常(chang)見(jian)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)科普;中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)片(pian)區(qu)包(bao)括棧道(dao)、嶺(ling)南(nan)園(yuan)和(he)花都湖東(dong)(dong)側(ce)部(bu)(bu)分區(qu)域,開展(zhan)宣教(jiao)中(zhong)(zhong)心建設(she)、濕(shi)地(di)植(zhi)物(wu)認知、嶺(ling)南(nan)文(wen)化展(zhan)示(shi)等活動(dong)。
合理利用區(qu)包(bao)括規劃區(qu)北部(bu)新(xin)街河(除恢復(fu)區(qu))兩側、中(zhong)部(bu)花(hua)都湖以東部(bu)分區(qu)域、新(xin)街河下游(you)新(xin)雅藝術(shu)廣場所在區(qu)域,面積35.9公頃,占濕地公園總面積的(de)14.9%。開展觀鳥(niao)小屋、露(lu)天營地、騎樂無窮(qiong)、水泥(ni)廠懷(huai)舊等(deng)生態(tai)旅(lv)游(you)活動,有效(xiao)發揮濕地的(de)多種功能。
管理服(fu)務區位于新華路與(yu)曙光南路交口東,面積(ji)5公(gong)頃,占濕地公(gong)園(yuan)總(zong)面積(ji)的2.1%,包括(kuo)游(you)客服(fu)務中心和游(you)客集散廣場。
廣(guang)東花(hua)(hua)都湖國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)的(de)規劃建設,不僅(jin)是對國家(jia)生(sheng)態文明建設政策的(de)響應,更是滿足(zu)了(le)花(hua)(hua)都區以(yi)至廣(guang)州(zhou)市(shi)居民(min)對于優美的(de)自然(ran)生(sheng)態環境的(de)需求。通過廣(guang)東花(hua)(hua)都湖國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)的(de)建設,保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和恢(hui)復濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)景觀,豐(feng)富生(sheng)物多樣性;開展多種形式的(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)科普宣教(jiao)以(yi)及濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)生(sheng)態旅游(you)休閑活動,提高人們對濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)的(de)認識(shi)和濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)意識(shi);實現人與自然(ran)的(de)和諧發(fa)展。使其成為城市(shi)水系生(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)關(guan)鍵節點;花(hua)(hua)都區濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)科普宣教(jiao)基地(di);市(shi)民(min)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)休閑體(ti)驗的(de)重要(yao)游(you)憩地(di);樹立經濟發(fa)達(da)地(di)區濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)樣板。