貴州思南白鷺湖國家濕地公園位于貴州省思南縣、總面積4264.8公頃。貴州(zhou)思南(nan)(nan)白鷺(lu)湖(hu)國(guo)(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園坐落于貴州(zhou)省銅仁(ren)市思南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)縣(xian)城(cheng)南(nan)(nan)部18公(gong)里烏江(jiang)(jiang)河段(duan)上(shang),地(di)處武陵山(shan)腹(fu)地(di),烏江(jiang)(jiang)流域的中心地(di)帶,東(dong)鄰國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)自然保護區梵(fan)凈(jing)山(shan),西倚歷史文化(hua)名(ming)城(cheng)遵(zun)義(yi),南(nan)(nan)靠泉都石阡(qian),北順烏江(jiang)(jiang)達重慶涪陵入長江(jiang)(jiang)。地(di)理坐標為東(dong)經107°55′32"~108°11′18",北緯27°38′55"~27°49′35"。規劃總面積4264.8公(gong)頃。該國(guo)(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園于2013年12月21日通過國(guo)(guo)家林業局(ju)批復(fu)(林濕(shi)(shi)發[2013]243號(hao)),目(mu)前正(zheng)進(jin)入試點建(jian)設階段(duan)。
貴州思南白鷺湖(hu)國家濕地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)以(yi)在烏(wu)江中(zhong)游(you)上人工筑壩形成的(de)(de)白鷺湖(hu)為(wei)主(zhu)體,以(yi)白鷺湖(hu)泊沼(zhao)澤濕地(di)生態系統為(wei)核心,以(yi)構(gou)建烏(wu)江上的(de)(de)生態廊道、完善(shan)長(chang)江上游(you)生態屏障(zhang)功(gong)能為(wei)目的(de)(de)而建立。白鷺湖(hu)濕地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)(de)自然(ran)資源(yuan)豐富,歷史、人文景觀獨特。
濕(shi)(shi)地(di)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)資源:公(gong)(gong)園水(shui)(shui)域(yu)廣闊,形成(cheng)了(le)自然河流(liu)(liu)以(yi)及人(ren)(ren)(ren)工濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(庫塘)構成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)生態系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)多(duo)樣(yang)。同(tong)時(shi),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)與(yu)森(sen)林構建(jian)(jian)完(wan)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)光(guang)山色(se)美(mei)景(jing)(jing),并且長(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文化沉淀,使得(de)白(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)資源豐富(fu),有(you)“百(bai)里(li)畫(hua)廊”之美(mei)譽。一(yi)(yi)(yi)是水(shui)(shui)域(yu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan):公(gong)(gong)園水(shui)(shui)域(yu)寬(kuan)廣,總面積(ji)2514.9公(gong)(gong)頃,主要(yao)水(shui)(shui)域(yu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)包括:白(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、六池河、黑(hei)灘河、黑(hei)鵝溪等(deng)。共同(tong)形成(cheng)了(le)“平湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)”、“水(shui)(shui)巷(xiang)“、“洞(dong)溪”、“地(di)下(xia)(xia)河”等(deng)多(duo)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)域(yu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)風(feng)貌(mao)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)清(qing)綠幽寂,水(shui)(shui)質清(qing)純(chun)。二是地(di)文景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan):公(gong)(gong)園呈現出(chu)典(dian)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)喀斯(si)特地(di)貌(mao)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)。山峰層巒疊嶂,形態各異;峽谷(gu)壁立千仞,怪石嶙(lin)峋(xun);島嶼點(dian)綴其中(zhong),風(feng)光(guang)秀麗;溶(rong)(rong)洞(dong)群(qun)迂回曲折(zhe),巧奪天(tian)工。主要(yao)地(di)文景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)包括:小溪槽天(tian)坑、黑(hei)河峽谷(gu)、鹽井壩(ba)島、天(tian)生橋以(yi)及馬(ma)尾洞(dong)、犀牛洞(dong)、仙(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)洞(dong)等(deng)溶(rong)(rong)洞(dong)群(qun)。呈現出(chu)雄偉、險峻、隱蔽、幽深(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)美(mei)學特征,與(yu)廣闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)域(yu)營造出(chu)山地(di)-峽谷(gu)-平湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(河流(liu)(liu))融為一(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)文景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)。三是生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan):濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園兩岸(an)藤蘿懸掛、鴛鴦戲水(shui)(shui)、野(ye)猴嬉戲,水(shui)(shui)鳥(niao)飛鳴,具有(you)結構完(wan)善、功(gong)能(neng)協(xie)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)-森(sen)林復合(he)生態系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)。據調(diao)查(cha)統(tong)計(ji),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園及其周(zhou)邊區域(yu)分布有(you)維管(guan)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)53目,120科,252屬(shu),331種。其中(zhong),國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)2種,有(you)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)銀杏、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)二級(ji)(ji)重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)柔(rou)毛油(you)杉。同(tong)時(shi),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園內有(you)野(ye)生脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)214種,隸屬(shu)5綱29目73科;其中(zhong)列為國(guo)(guo)家(jia)二級(ji)(ji)重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)9種、列入《國(guo)(guo)家(jia)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)或者有(you)重要(yao)經濟、科學研究價值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陸生野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)名錄(lu)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)達86種。這些豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資源給白(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設帶(dai)來(lai)了(le)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資源基礎(chu),一(yi)(yi)(yi)年四季景(jing)(jing)色(se)怡人(ren)(ren)(ren),可以(yi)提供人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)鳥(niao)類觀(guan)(guan)(guan)賞、科普教(jiao)育、休閑娛樂等(deng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)列的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旅游(you)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)項目。四是天(tian)象與(yu)氣候(hou)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan):在(zai)波(bo)光(guang)粼(lin)粼(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)面上(shang)(shang)乘坐游(you)船(chuan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)賞著(zhu)白(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)夕(xi)陽西下(xia)(xia),體(ti)驗夕(xi)陽下(xia)(xia)滿(man)載(zai)收獲(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漁船(chuan)歸港(gang);屹立于白(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)大壩(ba)上(shang)(shang),觀(guan)(guan)(guan)看一(yi)(yi)(yi)泄數十(shi)米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)汽煙云;白(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)靜靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)淌(tang)在(zai)群(qun)山當中(zhong),如遇上(shang)(shang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)面上(shang)(shang)淡(dan)淡(dan)薄霧,兩岸(an)美(mei)麗景(jing)(jing)色(se)帶(dai)著(zhu)些許朦朧(long),讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)暇思(si)聯翩(pian)。
文(wen)(wen)化(hua)資(zi)源:貴州(zhou)思南(nan)(nan)(nan)白鷺(lu)湖國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園所在的(de)思南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣歷史悠久,素有(you)“先思南(nan)(nan)(nan)后貴州(zhou)”一(yi)說,是中原文(wen)(wen)化(hua)向西(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)滲透的(de)重要地(di)(di)區,也是中原文(wen)(wen)化(hua)與西(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)少數民族(zu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)相融合的(de)交接地(di)(di)帶(dai),形成了(le)(le)思南(nan)(nan)(nan)獨特地(di)(di)域(yu)民族(zu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)。同時濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園處于綿延縱(zong)橫的(de)黃金(jin)水(shui)道烏江之(zhi)上,烏江更是一(yi)條連接長(chang)江流(liu)(liu)域(yu)、云貴高原、巴蜀地(di)(di)區和湘西(xi)的(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)紐帶(dai),流(liu)(liu)域(yu)內文(wen)(wen)物古跡遍布,民族(zu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)風情濃郁(yu),多元文(wen)(wen)化(hua)交流(liu)(liu)碰撞(zhuang),孕育了(le)(le)獨具地(di)(di)域(yu)特色的(de)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(烏江)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)。