貴州思南白鷺湖國家濕地公園位于貴州省思南縣、總面積4264.8公頃。貴州思南白鷺湖國(guo)家(jia)(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園坐落于(yu)貴州省銅仁市思南縣縣城南部18公里烏江(jiang)河段上,地(di)(di)(di)處武陵(ling)山腹地(di)(di)(di),烏江(jiang)流域的中(zhong)心地(di)(di)(di)帶,東鄰(lin)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級自然(ran)保護區梵凈山,西倚(yi)歷史(shi)文化名城遵義(yi),南靠泉都石(shi)阡,北順烏江(jiang)達重慶涪陵(ling)入長江(jiang)。地(di)(di)(di)理坐標為東經107°55′32"~108°11′18",北緯(wei)27°38′55"~27°49′35"。規劃總面積(ji)4264.8公頃。該國(guo)家(jia)(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園于(yu)2013年12月21日通過國(guo)家(jia)(jia)林業局批復(fu)(林濕(shi)發[2013]243號),目前正進(jin)入試點建設階段。
貴州思(si)南白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)國家濕(shi)地公園以在(zai)烏江中游上人工筑壩形成的白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)為主體,以白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)泊沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)地生態(tai)系統為核心,以構建烏江上的生態(tai)廊道、完(wan)善(shan)長江上游生態(tai)屏障功(gong)能(neng)為目(mu)的而建立。白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)濕(shi)地公園的自然(ran)資源豐富,歷(li)史、人文景(jing)觀獨特。
濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)資源(yuan):公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)水(shui)(shui)域廣(guang)闊(kuo)(kuo),形成(cheng)了(le)(le)自然(ran)河(he)(he)流(liu)以及(ji)人(ren)工濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(庫塘)構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)多樣(yang)。同(tong)時,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)與(yu)森林構(gou)建完(wan)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)光(guang)(guang)山(shan)色美景(jing)(jing),并且(qie)長(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化沉淀,使得白鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)資源(yuan)豐富,有(you)(you)(you)“百里畫廊(lang)”之美譽。一(yi)是(shi)水(shui)(shui)域景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan):公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)水(shui)(shui)域寬廣(guang),總面(mian)積2514.9公(gong)頃(qing),主(zhu)要水(shui)(shui)域景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)包括:白鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)、六池河(he)(he)、黑灘河(he)(he)、黑鵝溪(xi)(xi)等。共同(tong)形成(cheng)了(le)(le)“平(ping)湖(hu)(hu)”、“水(shui)(shui)巷“、“洞溪(xi)(xi)”、“地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)河(he)(he)”等多樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)域景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)風貌(mao)。湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)清綠幽寂,水(shui)(shui)質清純。二(er)是(shi)地(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan):公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)呈現出典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)喀斯特(te)地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)。山(shan)峰層巒疊嶂,形態(tai)(tai)各異(yi);峽(xia)(xia)谷壁立千(qian)仞,怪石嶙峋;島嶼點(dian)綴其(qi)(qi)中,風光(guang)(guang)秀(xiu)麗(li);溶(rong)洞群(qun)(qun)迂回曲折,巧(qiao)奪(duo)天(tian)工。主(zhu)要地(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)包括:小(xiao)溪(xi)(xi)槽天(tian)坑、黑河(he)(he)峽(xia)(xia)谷、鹽井壩島、天(tian)生(sheng)(sheng)橋(qiao)以及(ji)馬(ma)尾洞、犀牛洞、仙人(ren)洞等溶(rong)洞群(qun)(qun)。呈現出雄偉、險峻、隱蔽、幽深的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)美學特(te)征,與(yu)廣(guang)闊(kuo)(kuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)域營造出山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)-峽(xia)(xia)谷-平(ping)湖(hu)(hu)(河(he)(he)流(liu))融為一(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)。三是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan):濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)兩(liang)岸藤蘿懸掛(gua)、鴛鴦戲(xi)水(shui)(shui)、野(ye)(ye)猴嬉戲(xi),水(shui)(shui)鳥(niao)飛鳴(ming),具有(you)(you)(you)結構(gou)完(wan)善、功能協同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)-森林復合生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統。據調(diao)查統計,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)周邊區域分(fen)布(bu)有(you)(you)(you)維管植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)53目(mu),120科,252屬,331種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)(qi)中,國(guo)家(jia)重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),有(you)(you)(you)國(guo)家(jia)一(yi)級重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)銀杏、國(guo)家(jia)二(er)級重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)柔毛油杉。同(tong)時,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)214種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸屬5綱29目(mu)73科;其(qi)(qi)中列(lie)為國(guo)家(jia)二(er)級重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、列(lie)入(ru)《國(guo)家(jia)保(bao)(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)或(huo)者(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)重要經(jing)濟、科學研(yan)究價值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陸生(sheng)(sheng)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)名錄》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)達86種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。這些豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資源(yuan)給(gei)白鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設帶(dai)(dai)來了(le)(le)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資源(yuan)基礎,一(yi)年四季景(jing)(jing)色怡(yi)人(ren),可以提供人(ren)們鳥(niao)類觀(guan)(guan)(guan)賞、科普教育、休閑娛樂等一(yi)系列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旅游(you)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)項目(mu)。四是(shi)天(tian)象與(yu)氣(qi)候景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan):在(zai)波光(guang)(guang)粼(lin)粼(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)面(mian)上乘坐游(you)船(chuan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)賞著白鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)夕陽(yang)(yang)西下(xia)(xia),體驗夕陽(yang)(yang)下(xia)(xia)滿載收獲(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漁(yu)船(chuan)歸港(gang);屹立于白鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)大(da)壩上,觀(guan)(guan)(guan)看一(yi)泄數(shu)十米的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)汽煙云;白鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)靜(jing)靜(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)淌(tang)在(zai)群(qun)(qun)山(shan)當中,如遇上湖(hu)(hu)面(mian)上淡(dan)淡(dan)薄霧(wu),兩(liang)岸美麗(li)景(jing)(jing)色帶(dai)(dai)著些許朦(meng)朧,讓人(ren)暇思聯翩(pian)。
文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)資源(yuan):貴州思(si)(si)南(nan)(nan)白鷺湖國家濕(shi)地公(gong)(gong)園所在的(de)思(si)(si)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)歷史悠(you)久,素有“先思(si)(si)南(nan)(nan)后貴州”一說(shuo),是中原文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)向西(xi)南(nan)(nan)滲(shen)透的(de)重要地區(qu),也是中原文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)與西(xi)南(nan)(nan)少數民(min)族文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)相融合(he)的(de)交接(jie)(jie)地帶(dai),形成(cheng)了思(si)(si)南(nan)(nan)獨(du)特地域(yu)民(min)族文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。同時濕(shi)地公(gong)(gong)園處于綿延縱橫的(de)黃金水道烏江之上,烏江更(geng)是一條連接(jie)(jie)長江流域(yu)、云貴高原、巴蜀(shu)地區(qu)和湘(xiang)西(xi)的(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)紐帶(dai),流域(yu)內(nei)文(wen)(wen)物古跡遍布,民(min)族文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)風情濃郁,多元(yuan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)交流碰撞,孕育了獨(du)具(ju)地域(yu)特色的(de)濕(shi)地(烏江)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。