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基本介紹

貴州沿河(he)(he)(he)烏江(jiang)國家濕地公(gong)園(yuan)位于沿河(he)(he)(he)自(zi)治縣東部，東起沿河(he)(he)(he)縣城，西(xi)至(zhi)思渠河(he)(he)(he)口縣境內烏江(jiang)主河(he)(he)(he)道和(he)支流白泥河(he)(he)(he)，以及周邊(bian)山體(ti)和(he)漫(man)灘，總(zong)面(mian)積1136.35公(gong)頃，其中濕地面(mian)積為561公(gong)頃，濕地率為49%。

貴州沿河烏江國家濕地公(gong)園位于貴州省沿河土家族自治縣、總面積1136.35公(gong)頃。

貴州沿河(he)(he)(he)(he)烏(wu)江(jiang)國家濕地(di)公園位于貴州省(sheng)東(dong)北部、銅仁市(shi)西(xi)部、沿河(he)(he)(he)(he)土家族(zu)自(zi)治縣中東(dong)部，規劃(hua)區(qu)東(dong)起(qi)烏(wu)江(jiang)支流白泥(ni)河(he)(he)(he)(he)，向西(xi)至白泥(ni)河(he)(he)(he)(he)與烏(wu)江(jiang)交匯(hui)口，南起(qi)烏(wu)江(jiang)沿河(he)(he)(he)(he)二橋向北至麻(ma)陽(yang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)口。包括(kuo)烏(wu)江(jiang)部分(fen)主河(he)(he)(he)(he)道(dao)、支流白泥(ni)河(he)(he)(he)(he)及周邊(bian)河(he)(he)(he)(he)漫(man)灘和(he)部分(fen)峽(xia)谷。規劃(hua)區(qu)自(zi)東(dong)向西(xi)依次涉(she)及沙子鎮(zhen)(zhen)、和(he)平鎮(zhen)(zhen)、黑獺(ta)鄉、黑水(shui)鄉和(he)思渠鎮(zhen)(zhen)。坐(zuo)標為東(dong)經(jing)108°19'45"—108°37'46"，北緯28°34'26"—28°40'45"，規劃(hua)總面(mian)積(ji)1136.35hm2，其中濕地(di)面(mian)積(ji)為560.86hm2，占總面(mian)積(ji)的49.36%。

2013年12月(yue)31日經國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)林業(ye)局(ju)專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)組實地(di)考察(cha)評估、集(ji)體評審和公(gong)示(shi)，并(bing)以(yi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)林業(ye)局(ju)《關(guan)于同意(yi)天(tian)津武清永定(ding)河故道等131處濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)開展(zhan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)試(shi)點(dian)工(gong)作的通(tong)知》（林濕(shi)(shi)(shi)發[2013]243號）文件，同意(yi)貴州沿(yan)河烏江濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)試(shi)點(dian)工(gong)作。

榮譽及其他

珍稀物種

野生植物

沿河烏(wu)江(jiang)國家濕地公園管理(li)局正式掛牌成立，為(wei)該縣林業局管理(li)的正科級事業單位，負責資源保護。

貴(gui)州沿(yan)河(he)烏江國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)濕地(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)處武(wu)陵山區，適宜的(de)(de)地(di)(di)形和(he)地(di)(di)貌(mao)條件，發育(yu)了(le)獨(du)特的(de)(de)山地(di)(di)河(he)流濕地(di)(di)系統，保存了(le)較為(wei)原始的(de)(de)濕地(di)(di)景(jing)觀。公園(yuan)(yuan)內共(gong)有(you)(you)濕生(sheng)和(he)水生(sheng)維管(guan)束植物(wu)(wu)23科(ke)68種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分別占(zhan)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)濕地(di)(di)維管(guan)束植物(wu)(wu)總(zong)科(ke)數、總(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)(de)17.0%、4.7%。列入(ru)《重(zhong)點保護(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)錄》的(de)(de)植物(wu)(wu)就有(you)(you)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)I級(ji)(ji)保護(hu)植物(wu)(wu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)II級(ji)(ji)保護(hu)植物(wu)(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。公園(yuan)(yuan)內古樹名(ming)(ming)木較多，2013年(nian)規(gui)劃組野(ye)外(wai)調查(cha)共(gong)記錄72株(zhu)，其(qi)中河(he)灘上胸徑大(da)(da)于50公分的(de)(de)楓楊(yang)63株(zhu)。公園(yuan)(yuan)內共(gong)有(you)(you)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)33目93科(ke)369種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中，魚類(lei)115種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，達氏鱘、烏江副鰍、齊(qi)口(kou)裂腹魚等27種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長(chang)江上游特有(you)(you)魚類(lei)在濕地(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)烏江段均有(you)(you)分布；兩棲動(dong)物(wu)(wu)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；爬行動(dong)物(wu)(wu)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；鳥類(lei)172種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；哺乳動(dong)物(wu)(wu)42種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)I級(ji)(ji)保護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)達氏鱘、林麝，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)保護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，包括(kuo)胭脂魚、大(da)(da)鯢(ni)、鴛鴦等；有(you)(you)列入(ru)《中國(guo)(guo)(guo)瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)紅(hong)(hong)皮書》易危(wei)(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)紅(hong)(hong)點齒蟾、棘腹蛙(wa)、鱉、王錦蛇(she)等；有(you)(you)列為(wei)瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)尖吻蝮、貴(gui)州菊(ju)頭蝠、大(da)(da)靈(ling)貓、林麝、斑羚；有(you)(you)列為(wei)極危(wei)(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)大(da)(da)鯢(ni)。

貴州(zhou)沿河烏江(jiang)森林公園內，烏江(jiang)兩岸聳立的(de)喀斯特(te)地貌和(he)山巒巖壑幽深(shen)，纖道絕壁，怪石嵯峨，銀(yin)泉飛瀑，水光鳥(niao)影；白泥(ni)河灘洲交錯，岸邊古樹多姿，共同構成了一幅(fu)山水交融、水天一色(se)的(de)秀麗(li)畫卷(juan)。

自然景觀

貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)沿河(he)(he)(he)烏(wu)江(jiang)國(guo)家濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園以低山河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)主體(ti)，以低山河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)與周邊森林組成獨(du)特的濕地(di)(di)(di)與森林復合生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統，在我省(sheng)及我國(guo)西南地(di)(di)(di)區具有典型性(xing)和(he)(he)代(dai)表性(xing)，具有較高的濕地(di)(di)(di)保護和(he)(he)宣(xuan)教價值。通過貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)沿河(he)(he)(he)烏(wu)江(jiang)國(guo)家濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園的規劃(hua)和(he)(he)建(jian)設，將有效(xiao)保護烏(wu)江(jiang)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)濕地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統，保護長江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域珍稀的魚類資源和(he)(he)鳥類資源，發揮烏(wu)江(jiang)調蓄洪水、涵養水源、調節區域氣候(hou)和(he)(he)保護生(sheng)物(wu)多樣性(xing)等多種(zhong)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)效(xiao)益。同(tong)時，充分利用(yong)規劃(hua)區現有濕地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)資源和(he)(he)土家民族文化特色，開展濕地(di)(di)(di)科普宣(xuan)教和(he)(he)休閑游憩活(huo)動，將貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)沿河(he)(he)(he)烏(wu)江(jiang)國(guo)家濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園建(jian)設成為(wei)長江(jiang)上游云貴(gui)高原地(di)(di)(di)區代(dai)表性(xing)的濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園。