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基本介紹

貴州沿河(he)烏(wu)江國(guo)家濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)位于沿河(he)自治縣(xian)東(dong)(dong)部，東(dong)(dong)起沿河(he)縣(xian)城，西至思渠河(he)口(kou)縣(xian)境內烏(wu)江主河(he)道和支流白(bai)泥河(he)，以(yi)及周邊山(shan)體和漫灘，總(zong)面積(ji)1136.35公(gong)頃，其中濕(shi)地(di)面積(ji)為(wei)561公(gong)頃，濕(shi)地(di)率為(wei)49%。

貴州沿河(he)烏江(jiang)國家(jia)濕地公(gong)園位于貴州省沿河(he)土家(jia)族自(zi)治縣、總(zong)面積1136.35公(gong)頃。

貴州沿(yan)河(he)(he)烏(wu)(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)國家濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)位(wei)于貴州省東北(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)、銅(tong)仁市(shi)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)、沿(yan)河(he)(he)土家族自治縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)東部(bu)(bu)(bu)，規劃區東起烏(wu)(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)白泥(ni)河(he)(he)，向西(xi)至(zhi)白泥(ni)河(he)(he)與烏(wu)(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)交(jiao)匯口，南(nan)起烏(wu)(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)沿(yan)河(he)(he)二(er)橋向北(bei)至(zhi)麻陽河(he)(he)口。包括烏(wu)(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分主河(he)(he)道、支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)白泥(ni)河(he)(he)及周邊河(he)(he)漫灘和(he)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分峽谷(gu)。規劃區自東向西(xi)依次涉及沙(sha)子鎮、和(he)平鎮、黑獺鄉、黑水鄉和(he)思渠鎮。坐標(biao)為東經108°19'45"—108°37'46"，北(bei)緯28°34'26"—28°40'45"，規劃總面積1136.35hm2，其中(zhong)(zhong)濕(shi)地(di)面積為560.86hm2，占(zhan)總面積的49.36%。

2013年(nian)12月31日經國家(jia)(jia)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)局專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)組實地(di)考察評(ping)估(gu)、集體評(ping)審和(he)公(gong)示，并以國家(jia)(jia)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)(ye)局《關于(yu)同意(yi)天津(jin)武清永定河(he)故道等131處(chu)濕(shi)地(di)開展(zhan)國家(jia)(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園試點工作的通知》（林(lin)(lin)(lin)濕(shi)發[2013]243號）文件，同意(yi)貴州(zhou)沿(yan)河(he)烏(wu)江(jiang)濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園為(wei)國家(jia)(jia)級濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園試點工作。

榮譽及其他

珍稀物種

野生植物

沿河烏江國家濕地公園管理(li)局正式掛牌成(cheng)立，為(wei)該(gai)縣林業局管理(li)的正科級事業單位，負責(ze)資(zi)源保(bao)護。

貴州沿河烏江國家(jia)(jia)濕地(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)處武(wu)陵山區，適(shi)宜的地(di)(di)形和(he)地(di)(di)貌條件，發育了(le)獨特的山地(di)(di)河流濕地(di)(di)系(xi)統(tong)，保(bao)(bao)存了(le)較(jiao)為原始的濕地(di)(di)景(jing)觀。公園(yuan)(yuan)內共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)濕生(sheng)和(he)水生(sheng)維管束植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)23科68種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分(fen)別占我國濕地(di)(di)維管束植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)總科數、總種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的17.0%、4.7%。列入(ru)《重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)名錄》的植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)就有(you)(you)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國家(jia)(jia)I級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國家(jia)(jia)II級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。公園(yuan)(yuan)內古樹名木較(jiao)多，2013年規劃組(zu)野外調查共(gong)(gong)記錄72株，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)河灘(tan)上胸徑大(da)于50公分(fen)的楓楊(yang)63株。公園(yuan)(yuan)內共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)33目93科369種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，魚(yu)類115種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，達氏(shi)(shi)鱘、烏江副鰍(qiu)、齊口裂腹魚(yu)等(deng)(deng)27種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長江上游特有(you)(you)魚(yu)類在濕地(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)烏江段均有(you)(you)分(fen)布(bu)；兩棲動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；爬行動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；鳥類172種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；哺乳(ru)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)42種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)國家(jia)(jia)I級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)達氏(shi)(shi)鱘、林(lin)麝，國家(jia)(jia)Ⅱ級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，包括(kuo)胭脂魚(yu)、大(da)鯢(ni)、鴛鴦(yang)等(deng)(deng)；有(you)(you)列入(ru)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國瀕(bin)危(wei)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)紅(hong)(hong)皮(pi)書》易危(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)紅(hong)(hong)點齒蟾(chan)、棘腹蛙、鱉、王錦蛇(she)等(deng)(deng)；有(you)(you)列為瀕(bin)危(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即尖吻(wen)蝮、貴州菊頭蝠、大(da)靈貓、林(lin)麝、斑羚；有(you)(you)列為極(ji)危(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即大(da)鯢(ni)。

貴(gui)州(zhou)沿河(he)烏江森林公園內，烏江兩岸聳立的(de)喀斯特地貌和山巒巖壑幽深，纖(xian)道絕(jue)壁，怪石嵯峨，銀泉飛瀑(pu)，水(shui)光(guang)鳥(niao)影；白泥河(he)灘洲交(jiao)錯(cuo)，岸邊(bian)古樹多姿，共同構成了一幅山水(shui)交(jiao)融、水(shui)天(tian)一色(se)的(de)秀麗(li)畫卷。

自然景觀

貴州沿(yan)河烏(wu)江(jiang)國家濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)低(di)山河流為(wei)主體，以(yi)低(di)山河流與周邊森林(lin)組成(cheng)獨特(te)的(de)(de)濕地(di)(di)(di)與森林(lin)復合(he)生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)，在我省及我國西南地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)具(ju)有(you)典型性和代表性，具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)濕地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)(hu)和宣(xuan)教(jiao)價(jia)值。通過貴州沿(yan)河烏(wu)江(jiang)國家濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)規劃(hua)和建設，將有(you)效保護(hu)(hu)烏(wu)江(jiang)河流濕地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)，保護(hu)(hu)長江(jiang)流域珍稀的(de)(de)魚類資(zi)源和鳥(niao)類資(zi)源，發揮烏(wu)江(jiang)調(diao)蓄洪水(shui)(shui)、涵養水(shui)(shui)源、調(diao)節(jie)區(qu)域氣(qi)候和保護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)物多樣性等多種(zhong)生(sheng)態(tai)效益。同(tong)時，充分利用(yong)規劃(hua)區(qu)現有(you)濕地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)態(tai)資(zi)源和土家民族文化特(te)色，開展濕地(di)(di)(di)科普宣(xuan)教(jiao)和休(xiu)閑游(you)憩(qi)活動，將貴州沿(yan)河烏(wu)江(jiang)國家濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)建設成(cheng)為(wei)長江(jiang)上游(you)云貴高原地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)代表性的(de)(de)濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)。