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歷史沿革

鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)創于明洪武十八(ba)年(nian)（ 1385年(nian)），東(dong)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)村(cun)、南(nan)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)村(cun)和西鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)村(cun)合稱鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)（因村(cun)內有(you)兩座形(xing)狀像鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的山(shan)(shan)(shan)而得名(ming)(ming)），現(xian)隸屬于西臚鎮。早在(zai)元(yuan)朝時期就(jiu)有(you)人家居住記(ji)載。鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)現(xian)主要(yao)姓氏(shi)為莊、李(li)、鄭(zheng)；其(qi)它姓氏(shi)有(you)陳、陸(lu)。1956年(nian)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)拆(chai)鄉(xiang)，定(ding)名(ming)(ming)為為鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)一、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)二(er)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)三；1959年(nian)改為鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)東(dong)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)南(nan)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)西，1969改為東(dong)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、西鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、南(nan)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)并沿用至今。雖然(ran)拆(chai)鄉(xiang)了(le)，但周(zhou)邊鄰里(li)仍稱鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)莊、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)李(li)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)鄭(zheng)。

特色文化

鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上，有一處巨字“自古(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)”的摩(mo)崖石(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)，原有幼字“元舉逸叟(sou)授巡海僉憲呂(lv)養(yang)(yang)鐫(juan)”早已(yi)湮(yin)沒，后人再補刻(ke)(ke)(ke)呂(lv)養(yang)(yang)鐫(juan)等字樣(yang)。在石(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)周圍(wei)青石(shi)仍保(bao)留著(zhu)當(dang)年山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)房屋(wu)楹洞。和呂(lv)養(yang)(yang)同時期的鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)人陸(lu)師功有《寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)陵纖歌(ge)》：“古(gu)兮(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)，卜(bu)居兮(xi)廣廈，開張(zhang)召陸(lu)郭，臨莊陳(chen)李鄭。”看出鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)古(gu)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)由來已(yi)久，以及諸姓氏(shi)卜(bu)居鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈絡。

抗戰錄

元(yuan)初成(cheng)宗年間下(xia)詔求賢，就有呂養(yang)舉遺逸，官(guan)授巡(xun)海(hai)僉(qian)事(shi)，他在(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨頂(ding)留下(xia)的“自古(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨”至今還(huan)尚(shang)留。時到(dao)明(ming)代(dai)潮(chao)陽縣志寫到(dao)：竹山(shan)(shan)(shan)------間有勇壯，力卻萬夫----的記載；曾在(zai)(zai)(zai)鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)讀書(shu)的林大春在(zai)(zai)(zai)《陳南野(ye)保障(zhang)(zhang)鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)序(xu)》中，第一句(ju)為(wei)：“鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)有古(gu)寨，其來已(yi)久”。潮(chao)陽元(yuan)代(dai)期間著名隱士陳牧隱《題鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)古(gu)寨》中曾詩云(yun)：“保障(zhang)(zhang)當年建義旗，鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)磐石(shi)繞陽溪。英雄戰壘今何在(zai)(zai)(zai)？萬古(gu)鴉聲對落暉(hui)。”（錄在(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)代(dai)《古(gu)瀛詩苑(yuan)；前集》）可(ke)見當年鳳(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寨在(zai)(zai)(zai)抗元(yuan)時期壯烈(lie)場(chang)面(mian)。

明朝天順六年（1462），揭陽廈嶺(ling)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)（今汕(shan)頭市區金砂一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)）有(you)魏(wei)崇輝聚眾(zhong)集結為(wei)寇(kou)，流竄在(zai)沿海(hai)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)搶(qiang)奪(duo)，所(suo)到之(zhi)處(chu)便(bian)潰不成鄉(xiang)(xiang)，惟獨鳳山(shan)(shan)有(you)西麓(lu)（今西鳳）曲巷(xiang)陳有(you)然裔孫(sun)陳庸樂（字千(qian)(qian)山(shan)(shan)，諱中國(guo)，為(wei)鳳山(shan)(shan)李氏之(zhi)外(wai)祖）率眾(zhong)在(zai)寨頂筑寨倡導(dao)鄉(xiang)(xiang)眾(zhong)力(li)起抗(kang)敵，身先(xian)士(shi)卒(zu)，后李靖化(hua)（鳳山(shan)(shan)李氏三世，諱得(de)功(gong)，謚號(hao)寧化(hua)）也(ye)奮身當(dang)先(xian)帶(dai)領(ling)族人踴躍殺賊數萬人，鳳山(shan)(shan)因(yin)此得(de)以(yi)安寧。第二年，按察司僉事毛吉帶(dai)兵(bing)攻打(da)廈嶺(ling)，潮(chao)陽縣令(ling)陳瑄也(ye)帶(dai)領(ling)民眾(zhong)配合，官(guan)兵(bing)夾(jia)攻賊巢，平(ping)亂時以(yi)鳳山(shan)(shan)寨鄉(xiang)(xiang)勇為(wei)基干。李靖化(hua)因(yin)此事有(you)功(gong)拔補海(hai)門(men)所(suo)吏目歷升千(qian)(qian)戶使(shi)(shi)，潮(chao)州衛鎮撫使(shi)(shi)，攝指(zhi)揮(hui)使(shi)(shi)，后練兵(bing)寧化(hua)。

嘉靖三(san)(san)十二年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1553）海(hai)寇(kou)許棟糾(jiu)合倭(wo)寇(kou)，聚眾(zhong)(zhong)數千人(ren)(ren)流搶(qiang)于(yu)潮(chao)陽(yang)間，還有當(dang)(dang)時的海(hai)寇(kou)何(he)阿八等(deng)活躍在(zai)(zai)濱(bin)海(hai)一帶搶(qiang)劫(jie)。1558年(nian)(nian)(nian)正(zheng)月(yue)，倭(wo)寇(kou)吳老番從福(fu)建漳州（或泉(quan)州）到牛(niu)田(tian)洋兩岸的蓬(peng)州，錢崗，鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等(deng)地(di)流搶(qiang)，為(wei)保(bao)護鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寨(zhai)，陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)(ye)(ye)（字友(you)仁，陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)千山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之元(yuan)孫）與其(qi)弟山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)谷倡議(yi)修復山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)寨(zhai)，在(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)四圍(wei)筑墻并帶領族(zu)人(ren)(ren)守住寨(zhai)頂。1559年(nian)(nian)(nian)十月(yue)至十一倭(wo)寇(kou)又從海(hai)門燒船登陸攻擊(ji)潮(chao)陽(yang)城(cheng)，被鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)民(min)官兵擊(ji)退后轉到縣城(cheng)以北竹(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)都(dou)(dou)諸寨(zhai)，當(dang)(dang)時倭(wo)寇(kou)在(zai)(zai)鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)寨(zhai)腳登陸，陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)(ye)(ye)同鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)勇(yong)用箭石(shi)擊(ji)退倭(wo)寇(kou)多次進攻，李(li)翠峰(feng)（名垂(chui)青(qing)，諱夏時，李(li)氏六世）等(deng)也相繼(ji)(ji)率子弟奮起(qi)相隨，以石(shi)和火(huo)銃擊(ji)退來犯倭(wo)寇(kou)，保(bao)住了(le)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寨(zhai)。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue) 倭(wo)寇(kou)千余人(ren)(ren)從達濠會同牛(niu)田(tian)（現(xian)在(zai)(zai)的汕頭蜈田(tian)）海(hai)賊許朝光一伙，自錢崗渡進襲鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，又被守寨(zhai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)勇(yong)擊(ji)潰，還乘勝(sheng)追擊(ji)，繳獲一批賊物。迫使(shi)倭(wo)寇(kou)轉掠(lve)和平，赤寮，棉湖（當(dang)(dang)時為(wei)潮(chao)陽(yang)黃坑都(dou)(dou)）等(deng)寨(zhai)。1560年(nian)(nian)(nian)正(zheng)月(yue)，倭(wo)寇(kou)又大(da)舉來犯鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。寨(zhai)眾(zhong)(zhong)因前(qian)幾次作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)經歷是屢(lv)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)屢(lv)勝(sheng)，一鼓作(zuo)(zuo)氣(qi)，士氣(qi)高昂(ang)，無不(bu)是能以一當(dang)(dang)百(bai)的，倭(wo)寇(kou)大(da)敗，鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)勇(yong)是越戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)越勇(yong)，繼(ji)(ji)續追殺(sha)，殺(sha)死(si)倭(wo)寇(kou)無數，戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役中鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)勇(yong)死(si)者(zhe)僅(jin)為(wei)數人(ren)(ren)。當(dang)(dang)時戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗在(zai)(zai)最激烈時陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)(jia)中剛(gang)好失火(huo)，他不(bu)顧家(jia)(jia)(jia)中大(da)火(huo)，繼(ji)(ji)續督戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)后家(jia)(jia)(jia)中一切盡毀于(yu)火(huo)中，大(da)家(jia)(jia)(jia)深感嘆息(xi)之時，陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)(ye)(ye)卻(que)坦然(ran)說(shuo)：“吾(wu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)幸得保(bao)住，家(jia)(jia)(jia)室有何(he)可(ke)惜”。寨(zhai)中無不(bu)感然(ran)，一致要求刻石(shi)以紀其(qi)棄家(jia)(jia)(jia)守寨(zhai)，三(san)(san)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)三(san)(san)勝(sheng)的功勞。當(dang)(dang)時已身(shen)為(wei)兩浙(zhe)文宗(zong)的林大(da)春(chun)(chun)為(wei)其(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)序《陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)(ye)(ye)保(bao)障鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)序》。（林大(da)春(chun)(chun)為(wei)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)姓外甥，小時在(zai)(zai)鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)道(dao)巖(yan)讀書，筆(bi)者(zhe)認為(wei)可(ke)能和陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)(ye)(ye)是表兄弟，當(dang)(dang)然(ran)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)是功不(bu)可(ke)沒）

嘉靖四十二年（1563）三月(yue)，大批倭寇擊舉(ju)(ju)潮(chao)陽，圍縣城四十多(duo)天，又向(xiang)北(bei)掠奪，所到之(zhi)處(chu)幾無生(sheng)靈。因多(duo)次被(bei)鳳(feng)山擊潰而(er)加(jia)強進(jin)攻，雙方相持一個多(duo)月(yue)，因無接濟救援而(er)失(shi)陷，李，陳等(deng)西社多(duo)全家搬住在寨(zhai)頂，而(er)下山幾各姓氏多(duo)被(bei)倭寇殘殺，多(duo)舉(ju)(ju)家奔走他處(chu)，全寨(zhai)屋宇幾為平地。時至第二年秋，福建，廣東會合大舉(ju)(ju)剿滅倭寇。才(cai)得(de)以(yi)平息(xi)，逃離(li)的他鄉(xiang)的民眾也有逐漸(jian)回(hui)鄉(xiang)重建家園。