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歷史沿革

鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)創于(yu)(yu)明洪武十八(ba)年(nian)（ 1385年(nian)），東鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)村、南(nan)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)村和西(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)村合稱鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)（因村內(nei)有兩座形狀像鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的山(shan)而得(de)名），現隸屬于(yu)(yu)西(xi)臚(lu)鎮。早(zao)在元朝時(shi)期就(jiu)有人家居住記載。鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)現主要(yao)姓(xing)氏為莊、李(li)、鄭；其它姓(xing)氏有陳、陸。1956年(nian)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)拆鄉，定名為為鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)一(yi)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)二、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)三(san)；1959年(nian)改(gai)為鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)東、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)南(nan)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)西(xi)，1969改(gai)為東鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、西(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、南(nan)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)并沿用至今。雖然(ran)拆鄉了，但周邊鄰里仍稱鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)莊、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)李(li)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)山(shan)鄭。

特色文化

鳳(feng)山上，有(you)一處(chu)巨字(zi)“自(zi)古(gu)山寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)”的摩崖石(shi)刻，原有(you)幼字(zi)“元舉逸叟授巡海僉憲(xian)呂(lv)養鐫(juan)”早已湮沒，后人再補刻呂(lv)養鐫(juan)等字(zi)樣。在石(shi)刻周圍青石(shi)仍(reng)保留著當年(nian)山寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)房屋楹洞。和呂(lv)養同時期的鳳(feng)山人陸(lu)師功有(you)《寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)陵(ling)纖歌(ge)》：“古(gu)兮(xi)山寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)，卜居兮(xi)廣廈，開(kai)張(zhang)召陸(lu)郭，臨莊陳李鄭。”看出(chu)鳳(feng)山古(gu)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)由來已久，以(yi)及諸姓氏卜居鳳(feng)山脈絡。

抗戰錄

元初成宗年間下詔求賢(xian)，就有(you)呂(lv)養舉遺逸，官授巡海僉事，他在(zai)山寨(zhai)頂留下的(de)(de)“自古(gu)(gu)(gu)山寨(zhai)”至今還尚留。時到明代潮陽縣(xian)志(zhi)寫到：竹山------間有(you)勇壯，力卻萬夫----的(de)(de)記(ji)載(zai)；曾在(zai)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山讀書的(de)(de)林(lin)大(da)春在(zai)《陳(chen)南野保(bao)障(zhang)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山序》中，第一句(ju)為：“鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山有(you)古(gu)(gu)(gu)寨(zhai)，其來已久”。潮陽元代期(qi)間著(zhu)名隱士(shi)陳(chen)牧(mu)隱《題鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山古(gu)(gu)(gu)寨(zhai)》中曾詩云：“保(bao)障(zhang)當年建義旗，鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山磐石繞(rao)陽溪。英雄戰(zhan)壘今何在(zai)？萬古(gu)(gu)(gu)鴉聲對(dui)落暉。”（錄在(zai)清代《古(gu)(gu)(gu)瀛(ying)詩苑；前集》）可見當年鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山寨(zhai)在(zai)抗(kang)元時期(qi)壯烈場面(mian)。

明朝天順(shun)六(liu)年（1462），揭陽廈(sha)嶺一帶(dai)（今(jin)(jin)汕頭(tou)市區金砂(sha)一帶(dai)）有魏崇輝聚眾(zhong)集(ji)結為寇，流竄在沿(yan)海一帶(dai)搶奪(duo)，所(suo)到(dao)之處(chu)便潰不成鄉(xiang)，惟獨鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山有西麓(lu)（今(jin)(jin)西鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)）曲巷陳(chen)有然裔孫(sun)陳(chen)庸(yong)樂（字(zi)千山，諱中(zhong)國，為鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山李(li)(li)氏(shi)之外祖）率眾(zhong)在寨(zhai)(zhai)頂筑寨(zhai)(zhai)倡導鄉(xiang)眾(zhong)力(li)起抗敵，身先(xian)士卒，后李(li)(li)靖化（鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山李(li)(li)氏(shi)三(san)世，諱得功，謚號寧化）也(ye)奮(fen)身當先(xian)帶(dai)領(ling)(ling)族人踴躍(yue)殺賊(zei)數萬人，鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山因(yin)此(ci)得以安寧。第二年，按察司僉事(shi)毛吉帶(dai)兵攻打廈(sha)嶺，潮(chao)陽縣令陳(chen)瑄也(ye)帶(dai)領(ling)(ling)民眾(zhong)配合(he)，官兵夾攻賊(zei)巢，平亂時以鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)山寨(zhai)(zhai)鄉(xiang)勇為基干。李(li)(li)靖化因(yin)此(ci)事(shi)有功拔補海門所(suo)吏(li)目歷升(sheng)千戶使(shi)，潮(chao)州衛(wei)鎮撫使(shi)，攝指(zhi)揮使(shi)，后練兵寧化。

嘉靖三十(shi)二年（1553）海(hai)寇(kou)(kou)許棟糾合(he)倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)，聚眾(zhong)數千(qian)(qian)人(ren)流搶于潮(chao)陽間，還(huan)(huan)有當時(shi)(shi)的(de)海(hai)寇(kou)(kou)何(he)阿八(ba)等(deng)活躍在濱海(hai)一(yi)帶(dai)搶劫(jie)。1558年正月(yue)(yue)，倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)吳老番從福建(jian)漳州（或(huo)泉州）到牛田洋兩岸(an)的(de)蓬(peng)州，錢崗，鳳(feng)山(shan)等(deng)地流搶，為(wei)(wei)保護(hu)鄉寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)，陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)（字友仁，陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)千(qian)(qian)山(shan)之元孫）與(yu)其(qi)弟山(shan)谷倡(chang)議修(xiu)復山(shan)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)，在山(shan)上(shang)四(si)圍筑墻(qiang)并帶(dai)領族(zu)人(ren)守(shou)住寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)頂。1559年十(shi)月(yue)(yue)至十(shi)一(yi)倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)又從海(hai)門燒船登陸(lu)攻(gong)擊潮(chao)陽城，被鄉民官兵擊退(tui)(tui)后(hou)轉到縣城以(yi)北竹(zhu)山(shan)都(dou)諸寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)，當時(shi)(shi)倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)在鳳(feng)山(shan)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)腳登陸(lu)，陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)同(tong)(tong)鄉勇(yong)用(yong)箭石擊退(tui)(tui)倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)多次(ci)進攻(gong)，李(li)翠峰（名(ming)垂青，諱夏時(shi)(shi)，李(li)氏六(liu)世）等(deng)也相繼率子弟奮(fen)起相隨，以(yi)石和火銃(chong)擊退(tui)(tui)來犯(fan)倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)，保住了(le)鄉寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)。同(tong)(tong)年11月(yue)(yue) 倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)千(qian)(qian)余人(ren)從達濠會(hui)同(tong)(tong)牛田（現在的(de)汕頭(tou)蜈田）海(hai)賊許朝光一(yi)伙，自錢崗渡(du)進襲鳳(feng)山(shan)，又被守(shou)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)鄉勇(yong)擊潰，還(huan)(huan)乘勝(sheng)追擊，繳獲(huo)一(yi)批賊物。迫使倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)轉掠和平，赤寮，棉(mian)湖(hu)（當時(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)潮(chao)陽黃坑都(dou)）等(deng)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)。1560年正月(yue)(yue)，倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)又大(da)舉來犯(fan)鳳(feng)山(shan)。寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)眾(zhong)因前幾次(ci)作戰經歷是(shi)(shi)屢戰屢勝(sheng)，一(yi)鼓作氣(qi)，士氣(qi)高昂(ang)，無(wu)不是(shi)(shi)能以(yi)一(yi)當百的(de)，倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)大(da)敗，鄉勇(yong)是(shi)(shi)越戰越勇(yong)，繼續追殺(sha)，殺(sha)死(si)倭(wo)寇(kou)(kou)無(wu)數，戰役中(zhong)鳳(feng)山(shan)鄉勇(yong)死(si)者僅為(wei)(wei)數人(ren)。當時(shi)(shi)戰斗在最激烈(lie)時(shi)(shi)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)家中(zhong)剛好(hao)失火，他不顧家中(zhong)大(da)火，繼續督戰，戰后(hou)家中(zhong)一(yi)切盡(jin)毀(hui)于火中(zhong)，大(da)家深感(gan)嘆息之時(shi)(shi)，陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)卻(que)坦然(ran)(ran)說(shuo)：“吾鄉幸得保住，家室有何(he)可惜(xi)”。寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)中(zhong)無(wu)不感(gan)然(ran)(ran)，一(yi)致(zhi)要求刻石以(yi)紀(ji)其(qi)棄家守(shou)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)，三戰三勝(sheng)的(de)功(gong)勞。當時(shi)(shi)已身為(wei)(wei)兩浙文(wen)宗的(de)林大(da)春為(wei)(wei)其(qi)作序《陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)保障鳳(feng)山(shan)序》。（林大(da)春為(wei)(wei)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)姓外甥，小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)在鳳(feng)山(shan)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)道巖讀書，筆者認為(wei)(wei)可能和陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)南(nan)野(ye)是(shi)(shi)表兄(xiong)弟，當然(ran)(ran)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)是(shi)(shi)功(gong)不可沒）

嘉(jia)靖四(si)十二年（1563）三月，大(da)批(pi)倭寇(kou)擊舉(ju)潮陽，圍縣城四(si)十多(duo)天(tian)，又(you)向北(bei)掠奪，所到之處(chu)幾(ji)無生靈。因多(duo)次被(bei)鳳山(shan)擊潰而(er)加強進攻，雙方相持一個多(duo)月，因無接濟救援(yuan)而(er)失陷(xian)，李，陳等西(xi)社多(duo)全家搬住在寨頂，而(er)下山(shan)幾(ji)各姓(xing)氏多(duo)被(bei)倭寇(kou)殘殺(sha)，多(duo)舉(ju)家奔走他處(chu)，全寨屋宇幾(ji)為平地。時至第二年秋，福(fu)建(jian)，廣東會合大(da)舉(ju)剿滅(mie)倭寇(kou)。才得以平息，逃(tao)離的他鄉(xiang)的民眾也有逐(zhu)漸回(hui)鄉(xiang)重建(jian)家園。