簡介
藏族最(zui)古老的象雄佛教(jiao)——雍仲本教(jiao)的神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),嘉絨藏族文化中(zhong)心(xin),藏區四大神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之一(yi)民族英雄的象征,海拔(ba)5105米。據《墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)志》記(ji)載:山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上共有一(yi)百(bai)零八個圣(sheng)景,千余處景點。站在墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之巔,東面可望見峨眉金頂,西望可遙視(shi)衛藏岡底斯雪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),俯首(shou)可覽境內8條(tiao)銀(yin)色的河流,像(xiang)8條(tiao)潔(jie)白的哈達,纏繞著墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)56座美麗的山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒(luan),56座壯麗的山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰象征著祖國56個民族的團(tuan)結和(he)友好。墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多神山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地處藏漢結合(he)部,因此,她本身就(jiu)是藏漢民族和(he)睦相親的象征和(he)見證(zheng)。
墨爾多神山風(feng)景素以神奇著稱(cheng)。主(zhu)峰北面(mian),有(you)(you)天然形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)喜馬拉(la)雅、岡(gang)底斯、阿(a)尼瑪(ma)卿等藏區8大神山的(de)(de)(de)縮影造型(xing),以及深不可測(ce)的(de)(de)(de)遇有(you)(you)驚動就會風(feng)起云涌的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)山海湖;主(zhu)峰東面(mian)有(you)(you)數十(shi)座造型(xing)逼真的(de)(de)(de)天然石碉群;西面(mian)是神奇的(de)(de)(de)神仙洞和自(zi)生塔。
墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)多(duo)神(shen)(shen)山(shan)的(de)神(shen)(shen)奇,被古(gu)往今來(lai)的(de)游(you)(you)人(ren)墨(mo)(mo)客所頂(ding)禮和傳(chuan)頌。據《墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)多(duo)神(shen)(shen)山(shan)志》記載:墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)多(duo)山(shan)上(shang)的(de)空(kong)行(xing)母十(shi)分(fen)靈驗,因(yin)此在此修行(xing)極易修成正果。正因(yin)為此,多(duo)少個世紀以(yi)來(lai),墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)多(duo)神(shen)(shen)山(shan)一直倍受(shou)中(zhong)外宗(zong)教信徒的(de)崇拜。西藏以(yi)及其他藏區僧侶們將去墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)(er)多(duo)山(shan)朝(chao)拜視(shi)為功德圓滿。近幾年來(lai),大批來(lai)自(zi)祖(zu)國各(ge)地的(de)游(you)(you)方僧人(ren)到(dao)這(zhe)里的(de)神(shen)(shen)仙(xian)洞、菩薩(sa)巖、修煉洞中(zhong)參(can)禪修行(xing),其中(zhong)還不乏(fa)國外的(de)旅(lv)游(you)(you)觀(guan)光者(zhe)、科(ke)學考察和體育探(tan)險者(zhe)。
主峰(feng)坐北(bei)向南(nan),右(you)側(ce)為西(xi)方,有(you)自生(sheng)石(shi)巖(yan)佛,左(zuo)為東方,有(you)自生(sheng)石(shi)碉群,南(nan)方則是(shi)腹下(xia)(xia)石(shi)筍勃然而立。還(huan)有(you)形(xing)如海螺,曼扎等(deng)山(shan)(shan)崗土幼坪敬奉(feng)于正前方。北(bei)為山(shan)(shan)背,山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)連(lian)綿,集(ji)藏地八大神(shen)山(shan)(shan)造型縮(suo)影于此,一凼(dang)深不可測的海子湖大神(shen)山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)背心窩處,海中奇景怪象層出。四(si)面(mian)108座神(shen)山(shan)(shan)奇峰(feng)之(zhi)為墨爾(er)多(duo)統須的部將。墨爾(er)多(duo)山(shan)(shan)集(ji)天下(xia)(xia)名(ming)山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)奇、險、納大自然之(zhi)秀美為一體,古(gu)今為藏地圣山(shan)(shan)。
墨(mo)爾多神(shen)山,是(shi)一座神(shen)秘莫測,俊秀險絕的(de)圣(sheng)地仙山,古往今來被人們頂禮膜拜,傳(chuan)奇頌(song)楊(yang)。在藏區與喜瑪(ma)拉雅(ya)和岡底斯(si)山齊名(ming),被位為(wei)四(si)大神(shen)山之(zhi)列,尤其(qi)是(shi)它的(de)神(shen)奇絕妙,更被中外(wai)宗(zong)教信徒虔誠崇拜,西藏的(de)僧侶們有能去一趟墨(mo)爾多山朝(chao)圣(sheng)為(wei)功德圓滿之(zhi)感(gan)。
墨(mo)爾多(duo)神山(shan)主峰位(wei)于大(da)渡河(he)源(yuan)頭,在大(da)、小(xiao)兩金川交匯處,一座高聳入云(yun)霄,拔(ba)(ba)地(di)挺立(li),海拔(ba)(ba)5000米高而橫空(kong)山(shan)世的(de)莽莽雪(xue)山(shan)。其山(shan)為(wei)岷(min)山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan),主體橫錯在岷(min)山(shan)和邛崍山(shan)脈結合部。還是“更喜岷(min)山(shan)千里(li)雪(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)雪(xue)原中的(de)峰群(qun)之(zhi)(zhi)一。它(ta)起(qi)源(yuan)于大(da)渡河(he)上游支(zhi)流的(de)梭磨河(he)發源(yuan)地(di)鷓鴣(gu)山(shan),象一條騰空(kong)起(qi)舞(wu)的(de)云(yun)龍(long),盤曲延(yan)綿千里(li),在大(da)、小(xiao)金川匯合處拔(ba)(ba)地(di)聳立(li),形(xing)成(cheng)絕壁千仞(ren),山(shan)峰直插云(yun)霄,真(zhen)有點一劍指天,凌空(kong)矗立(li)之(zhi)(zhi)狀,十分奇特,秀麗(li)壯觀。
由來
墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)神(shen)(shen)(shen)山(shan)一名(ming)系藏話音(yin)譯書寫的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)名(ming)。書刊(kan)文(wen)(wen)獻中(zhong)曾有譯作貓爾(er)都、美都、莫爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)、木(mu)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)、姆系等等。對(dui)該山(shan)名(ming)考釋說法歷史上(shang)受限于音(yin)譯或(huo)譯寫文(wen)(wen)字(zi)的(de)(de)(de)字(zi)面含意(yi),多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)有隨意(yi)性,各有追溯沿(yan)革含義(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)同,甚不(bu)統(tong)一。一般(ban)說是土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)母神(shen)(shen)(shen),也有稱其為(wei)(wei)禿項光亮地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)主神(shen)(shen)(shen)或(huo)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)王(wang),還(huan)有的(de)(de)(de)以(yi)嘉(jia)(jia)莫察瓦絨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嘉(jia)(jia)為(wei)(wei)漢、大(da)、王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(yi),便稱叫(jiao)為(wei)(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)或(huo)神(shen)(shen)(shen)山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主,也有以(yi)歷史上(shang)西藏王(wang)室可在地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)位(wei)指稱為(wei)(wei)東(dong)方(fang)圣山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang);在《墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)神(shen)(shen)(shen)山(shan)志》中(zhong)又(you)有稱《大(da)自(zi)在天神(shen)(shen)(shen)山(shan)》的(de)(de)(de);在地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)文(wen)(wen)獻中(zhong)墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)名(ming)漢字(zi)書寫為(wei)(wei)格爾(er)隆山(shan),又(you)名(ming)墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)旺修意(yi),即墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)大(da)神(shen)(shen)(shen)山(shan)。由(you)于墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)山(shan)四周(zhou)是溪河縱橫,低濕(shi)溫暖的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和茂密森林,加之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)體上(shang)高原(yuan)草地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)極(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo),形成水草豐茂的(de)(de)(de)天然牧(mu)場,林地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)間生(sheng)長著(zhu)許多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)名(ming)貴中(zhong)藥材,山(shan)谷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)河流沖(chong)積形成的(de)(de)(de)象形珠串(chuan)狀平臺,沃土(tu)極(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo),成為(wei)(wei)農(nong)耕和發展林果業(ye)(ye),以(yi)及藥材生(sheng)產加工(gong)和發展畜牧(mu)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)好基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。所以(yi),歷史上(shang)藏區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)分劃(hua)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域時,專(zhuan)指這一地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)為(wei)(wei)嘉(jia)(jia)莫察瓦絨。這是泛指墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)神(shen)(shen)(shen)山(shan)四周(zhou)十(shi)六萬多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)平方(fang)公里(li)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域,轄(xia)分20余(yu)縣(xian)市地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。在元、明(ming)、清代行后將(jiang)其境內有十(shi)八個(ge)酋(qiu)長、土(tu)司,由(you)中(zhong)央王(wang)朝賜封授(shou)預宣慰使司、宣慰司、守撫司、長官司等職管理轄(xia)境政務。嘉(jia)(jia)絨便是作為(wei)(wei)這一地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)簡稱地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)名(ming),意(yi)指墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)山(shan)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)也有按其自(zi)然環境條件引(yin)伸為(wei)(wei)是嘉(jia)(jia)莫墨(mo)(mo)爾(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)山(shan)周(zhou)圍(wei)溫暖的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。
景點
自生塔
自生塔(ta)位于墨爾多(duo)神山生北向南的西方(fang),在山腰的幫青澤日大神山之下。在叢林巖(yan)峭(qiao)上,天生就數座石塔(ta),高者百米(mi)(mi),尤以突兀而起(qi),挺拔巍峨高40余米(mi)(mi)的兩座孳生佛塔(ta),如(ru)箭插(cha)立(li),直指蒼穹。