地理位置
黃袍山位(wei)于湖北省(sheng)咸(xian)寧市通城(cheng)縣塘湖鎮(zhen)東,湖北省(sheng)十大旅(lv)游(you)名村(cun)通城(cheng)縣塘湖鎮(zhen)荻田村(cun)位(wei)于山下。
黃袍山主峰--華羅寨
華羅(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)系(xi)黃(huang)袍山(shan)主峰(feng)(feng)(feng),海(hai)拔(ba)約(yue)1200多米,位于(yu)湖北省通城縣東(dong),東(dong)與(yu)崇陽縣高枧接(jie)壤(rang),南與(yu)江西(xi)修水相鄰。華羅(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)下為(wei)(wei)大盤(pan)山(shan),大盤(pan)山(shan)在民間傳說為(wei)(wei)盤(pan)古開天地之所在,因為(wei)(wei)神話,不足(zu)為(wei)(wei)信(xin)。黃(huang)袍山(shan)下有(you)一(yi)巖(yan)(yan)名(ming)石溪巖(yan)(yan)、又名(ming)玉溪巖(yan)(yan)、白水巖(yan)(yan)等,有(you)大水,奔涌(yong)瀉下而成巨瀑(pu),名(ming)黃(huang)袍山(shan)白水崖瀑(pu)布(bu),巖(yan)(yan)頂海(hai)撥約(yue)330米,巖(yan)(yan)高若(ruo)170米,寬若(ruo)80米。華羅(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)東(dong)南北俱(ju)陡巖(yan)(yan)峭壁,唯西(xi)南一(yi)路(lu),名(ming)仙(xian)人(ren)埂(geng),從(cong)巖(yan)(yan)石鑿梯(ti),可登峰(feng)(feng)(feng)巔。峰(feng)(feng)(feng)頂寬約(yue)百余畝(mu),有(you)清泉可汲(ji)。
華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)原名(ming)(ming)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)或羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),早在(zai)(zai)夏(xia)(xia)商王朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期(qi),羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)楚(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)附屬國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),也可謂楚(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)支,初期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)都政(zheng)治中(zhong)(zhong)心即(ji)位于今(jin)(jin)天(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)北省(sheng)(sheng)通(tong)(tong)城(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)黃(huang)(huang)袍(pao)(pao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)望湖(hu)(hu)洞(dong)、大(da)堝等(deng)(deng)一(yi)帶,商業經濟(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)心位于今(jin)(jin)天(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)城(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)塘湖(hu)(hu)鎮的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)墻山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)內側(ce)郭(guo)家(jia)壟、塘湖(hu)(hu)、狼荷等(deng)(deng)。政(zheng)治中(zhong)(zhong)心以高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為安,經濟(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)心以城(cheng)(cheng)墻而(er)(er)衛。羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)為熊姓、部分(fen)為羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)姓,羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)管轄(xia)面積并(bing)不(bu)(bu)大(da),主要沿今(jin)(jin)天(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)幕阜山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)九宮山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)幕阜山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、崇(chong)(chong)陽(yang)(yang)大(da)湖(hu)(hu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)夜合山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、通(tong)(tong)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)袍(pao)(pao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、平江(jiang)(jiang)天(tian)(tian)岳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、岳陽(yang)(yang)赤(chi)壁(bi)藥姑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng),羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)子民(min)皆居山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)間(jian)。羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)楚(chu)(chu)吳交(jiao)界華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)(zai)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)長,后(hou)(hou)因商王朝(chao)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立和(he)強大(da),對(dui)(dui)屬于夏(xia)(xia)王朝(chao)的(de)(de)(de)子國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),自然是(shi)(shi)打壓,羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)也被迫(po)遷往他地(di)(di)。在(zai)(zai)西東(dong)周(zhou)朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期(qi),在(zai)(zai)黃(huang)(huang)袍(pao)(pao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)又建(jian)立了(le)一(yi)個華(hua)(hua)(hua)梓(zi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),面積極為狹小(xiao)(xiao),主要限于通(tong)(tong)城(cheng)(cheng)、崇(chong)(chong)陽(yang)(yang)雋水(shui)(shui)(shui)、梓(zi)木溪流(liu)(liu)域(yu)一(yi)帶,與(yu)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)渣津“古(gu)艾(ai)(ai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”與(yu)鄰,史料上(shang)記載得很清(qing)楚(chu)(chu),早在(zai)(zai)商周(zhou)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)就(jiu)出現“古(gu)艾(ai)(ai)”諸(zhu)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),所轄(xia)范圍包括修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、銅鼓(gu)、武寧、永(yong)(yong)(yong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)等(deng)(deng)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河流(liu)(liu)域(yu)一(yi)帶,而(er)(er)渣津鎮龍崗坪即(ji)為當(dang)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)古(gu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)都。而(er)(er)華(hua)(hua)(hua)梓(zi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)都位于梓(zi)木里(今(jin)(jin)荻(di)田村(cun)等(deng)(deng))。在(zai)(zai)春秋戰國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、漢朝(chao)等(deng)(deng)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)都曾(ceng)有(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)都存在(zai)(zai),但規模(mo)都小(xiao)(xiao),或為當(dang)地(di)(di)百姓起(qi)(qi)義(yi)自建(jian)、或為朝(chao)庭(ting)對(dui)(dui)王候功臣的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)封地(di)(di)。但在(zai)(zai)唐朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期(qi),確(que)是(shi)(shi)名(ming)(ming)噪華(hua)(hua)(hua)夏(xia)(xia),只(zhi)因張(zhang)(zhang)氏號瑛的(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)袍(pao)(pao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)當(dang)地(di)(di)豪紳(shen)。華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)名(ming)(ming)源唐僖宗(zong)乾(qian)符四(si)年(nian) (877) ,地(di)(di)方豪紳(shen)張(zhang)(zhang)十(shi)萬(wan),在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)鋸槐立寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),招兵(bing)買馬,護衛一(yi)方鄉民(min),建(jian)華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),號稱“兵(bing)馬十(shi)萬(wan)眾 宅(zhai)舍(she)十(shi)萬(wan)間(jian) 糧食十(shi)萬(wan)擔(dan)金銀(yin)十(shi)萬(wan)斤(jin)”,既(ji)拒黃(huang)(huang)巢起(qi)(qi)義(yi)軍(jun),也不(bu)(bu)服腐(fu)唐之(zhi)(zhi)治。華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)北有(you)(you) 200 米長 巨(ju)(ju)巖,狀似(si)城(cheng)(cheng)墻,張(zhang)(zhang)憑此(ci)(ci)固守(shou),萬(wan)夫莫開。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)尖高(gao)聳,霧(wu)繞(rao)霞飛,每當(dang)云(yun)開天(tian)(tian)朗,登山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)遙(yao)眺,可見(jian)洞(dong)庭(ting)湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)插(cha)劍巖,在(zai)(zai)槐寮寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腰,有(you)(you)巨(ju)(ju)石巖,長數丈(zhang),諸(zhu)石皆青,唯(wei)此(ci)(ci)石獨(du)白(bai),上(shang)有(you)(you) 18 穴罅,傳為張(zhang)(zhang)十(shi)萬(wan)插(cha)劍所留。 華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)側(ce)有(you)(you)奶石,下(xia)垂如乳(ru),四(si)季滴(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)不(bu)(bu)竭。至今(jin)(jin)仍(reng)可見(jian)到華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)古(gu)兵(bing)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)舊址基(ji)地(di)(di),華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)之(zhi)(zhi)西南(nan)有(you)(you)平地(di)(di)數千(qian)坪,可以想像(xiang)1000年(nian)前(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)古(gu)兵(bing)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)規模(mo)。懸巖絕壁(bi)至今(jin)(jin)仍(reng)在(zai)(zai)、插(cha)劍巖也依然如故、巨(ju)(ju)奶石還是(shi)(shi)滴(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)不(bu)(bu)竭、巖梯仙人埂終不(bu)(bu)改其(qi)艱(jian)險……黃(huang)(huang)袍(pao)(pao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),早在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)遠古(gu)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)就(jiu)有(you)(you)黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)建(jian)立兵(bing)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),其(qi)后(hou)(hou)又有(you)(you)商朝(chao)末年(nian)姜尚在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)點兵(bing),漢室武帝(di)及其(qi)親信衛青在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)培(pei)育(yu)勇士,三國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)是(shi)(shi)西蜀(shu)東(dong)漢的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)爭之(zhi)(zhi)峰,初始是(shi)(shi)東(dong)漢隱兵(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di),后(hou)(hou)是(shi)(shi)西蜀(shu)前(qian)沿練(lian)兵(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)所。近(jin)代更是(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)毛澤東(dong)、朱(zhu)德、彭(peng)德懷(huai)、羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)榮桓、鐘時(shi)(shi)期(qi)、傅秋濤(tao)、沈國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)楨、黃(huang)(huang)全德、黃(huang)(huang)永(yong)(yong)(yong)勝(sheng)等(deng)(deng)人在(zai)(zai)黃(huang)(huang)袍(pao)(pao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)建(jian)立湘(xiang)鄂贛革(ge)命(ming)根據地(di)(di),轄(xia)鄂南(nan)武昌、咸寧、蒲圻(qi)、通(tong)(tong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、崇(chong)(chong)陽(yang)(yang)、嘉(jia)魚、通(tong)(tong)城(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)(deng)七(qi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),贛北修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、武寧、銅鼓(gu)、永(yong)(yong)(yong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)等(deng)(deng)6縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、湘(xiang)北平江(jiang)(jiang)、臨(lin)湘(xiang)、岳陽(yang)(yang)等(deng)(deng)5縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。并(bing)建(jian)立了(le)新中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)第一(yi)個紅色縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)級政(zheng)權—通(tong)(tong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)勞農政(zheng)府(包括通(tong)(tong)城(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、崇(chong)(chong)陽(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)),黃(huang)(huang)袍(pao)(pao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)湘(xiang)鄂贛省(sheng)(sheng)委黨校原創地(di)(di),也是(shi)(shi)湘(xiang)鄂贛省(sheng)(sheng)委政(zheng)府駐地(di)(di),黃(huang)(huang)袍(pao)(pao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)(shi)秋收起(qi)(qi)義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)首(shou)要策源地(di)(di)。今(jin)(jin)天(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)華(hua)(hua)(hua)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)寨(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)芳(fang)草萋萋、竹樹成林,與(yu)大(da)盤湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、閣(ge)壁(bi)湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)相映,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峻(jun)而(er)(er)湖(hu)(hu)美秀,“華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)第一(yi)瀑”白(bai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)巖瀑布聲(sheng)響徹數里、玉(yu)溪水(shui)(shui)(shui)潤(run)萬(wan)物。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)大(da)堝、望湖(hu)(hu)、雷吼,如在(zai)(zai)仙境,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)潤(run)田、夏(xia)(xia)家(jia)、石港等(deng)(deng)村(cun)落(luo)村(cun)民(min)安康,而(er)(er)荻(di)田、塘湖(hu)(hu)更是(shi)(shi)街(jie)市熱(re)鬧、經濟(ji)欣榮。
黃袍山傳說
黃(huang)袍(pao)山,位于(yu)(yu)通(tong)城縣(xian)塘湖鎮境內的幕阜山脈中段,據(ju)《通(tong)城縣(xian)志》云:古代有仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)曬(shai)(shai)黃(huang)袍(pao)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci),故(gu)名(ming)黃(huang)袍(pao)山。原來這(zhe)里有一(yi)個美麗(li)的神話傳說。話說當年玉(yu)帝與王母(mu)娘娘于(yu)(yu)瑤(yao)池設宴會仙(xian)(xian),眾(zhong)仙(xian)(xian)品嘗瓊(qiong)漿佳肴,皆(jie)贊不絕(jue)口。呂洞賓(bin)(bin)欲(yu)窺調料秘(mi)訣,便(bian)潛入(ru)膳房(fang),偷得(de)仙(xian)(xian)油一(yi)瓶,藏于(yu)(yu)袍(pao)內,后降落于(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)山。仙(xian)(xian)廚稟(bing)告王母(mu),王母(mu)道(dao):“此(ci)(ci)乃仙(xian)(xian)宮神物,不可偷泄(xie)人(ren)間。”旋即(ji)派(pai)遣天兵十(shi)萬云降此(ci)(ci)山,嚴(yan)查追還(huan)。洞賓(bin)(bin)情急,將(jiang)油瓶擲出,油瓶碎,仙(xian)(xian)油濺(jian)散,洞賓(bin)(bin)袍(pao)染。這(zhe)種仙(xian)(xian)油,黃(huang)澄澄,亮晶晶,竟將(jiang)洞賓(bin)(bin)仙(xian)(xian)袍(pao)染成橙(cheng)黃(huang)色(se),與玉(yu)帝所(suo)穿龍袍(pao)酷似。呂洞賓(bin)(bin)大驚(jing),便(bian)洗袍(pao)曬(shai)(shai)此(ci)(ci)。當地山民據(ju)此(ci)(ci)便(bian)取名(ming)為黃(huang)袍(pao)山。
清代庠生吳家(jia)璉賦詩《黃(huang)袍山》云:“天匠裁(cai)成(cheng)褕制工,搜懸(xuan)負扆(yi)卓(zhuo)東峰。含風褶漾翩(pian)遷浪,映(ying)日襟湛衣幘蹤,花(hua)鄉青(qing)巖披錦翟(zhai),紫凝秋嶂(zhang)曬(shai)黃(huang)袍。無人敢著儀威赫(he),長(chang)掛崇(chong)山襲獷儂(nong)。”從山形俊(jun)逸(yi)秀美的角度來解釋“黃(huang)袍”之名。
黃袍山古色人文文化帶
黃(huang)(huang)袍山人文景點有(you):一(yi)門三(san)尚書(shu)--忠臣(chen)廟(miao)(方(fang)瓊紀念館(guan))、北宋抗金英雄元(yuan)帥岳飛之(zhi)師(shi)--方(fang)瓊墓地、黃(huang)(huang)庭堅退隱黃(huang)(huang)袍山的(de)(de)“魯直第”、明(ming)朝進士汪潤田(tian)故居、劉塘湖故居、夜珠窩“文定(ding)世第”、西漢初期張(zhang)良(liang)創辦的(de)(de)“伐桂書(shu)院”、幕(mu)阜書(shu)院遺址、華羅山寨古(gu)兵寨遺址、苦竹嶺古(gu)關、楚(chu)吳古(gu)道、茶馬古(gu)道、南虹橋、蘭若橋等。
北宋兵部尚書方瓊紀念館
方(fang)(fang)瓊是黃袍山(shan)里文(wen)人(ren)(ren)景區代表(biao)之(zhi)一,位于黃袍山(shan)雷吼方(fang)(fang)家。由方(fang)(fang)氏后(hou)人(ren)(ren)方(fang)(fang)小(xiao)桃等(deng)人(ren)(ren)士(shi)發(fa)起重(zhong)修(xiu),原為忠臣廟,將(jiang)軍廟、福(fu)隆寺等(deng),今(jin)天(tian)重(zhong)建更名(ming)為方(fang)(fang)瓊紀念(nian)館。方(fang)(fang)瓊紀念(nian)館主要紀念(nian)北(bei)宋進(jin)士(shi)、兵(bing)部尚書(shu)、鎮夷將(jiang)軍、抗金英雄方(fang)(fang)瓊。另有敬奉進(jin)士(shi)及第(di)、八(ba)番(fan)都元(yuan)帥、禮(li)部尚書(shu)、吏部尚書(shu)、左(zuo)閣丞(cheng)相、方(fang)(fang)瓊祖父方(fang)(fang)迪,進(jin)士(shi)及第(di)、累官戶部尚書(shu)、方(fang)(fang)瓊父親方(fang)(fang)琳(lin)等(deng)雕像(xiang)。 紀念(nian)館前為水庫,名(ming)“尚書(shu)池”,側(ce)有石巖(yan),名(ming)“將(jiang)軍巖(yan)”。
方瓊(qiong)紀念(nian)館(guan)依山傍水,風景區(qu)秀美。設置了庭院、正(zheng)堂(tang)、停車場、親水臺等。
明朝按察使汪潤田故居
汪潤(run)田故(gu)居(ju),又(you)名(ming)潤(run)田大屋,一片明清(qing)式古(gu)民居(ju),見證著歷史的青磚黛瓦,掩蔭在青山翠竹(zhu)之中。
潤田(tian)村以(yi)汪姓為主。據載,元(yuan)末(mo)汪氏先(xian)人(ren)汪應(ying)龍由(you)臨縣崇陽遷入通城。“捷足(zu)石下凹(ao),落葉鯉港,復居潤田(tian)。人(ren)丁(ding)族(zu)起,科甲蟬聯。”汪應(ying)龍第六代孫汪茂實號潤田(tian),村名由(you)此(ci)而(er)來。潤田(tian)大屋門(men)前(qian)一(yi)汪水塘碧波(bo)輕(qing)蕩、游魚可見(jian)。正(zheng)大門(men)上方高懸的(de)“吏部主政”,透著(zhu)古色古香。屋檐和石墻上,精雕(diao)細鏤的(de)麒(qi)麟等(deng)飛(fei)鳥走(zou)獸(shou)栩栩如生。跨門(men)而(er)入,只見(jian)五重(zhong)堂屋縱向相連(lian),巨型石雕(diao)、橫梁、木柱(zhu)構(gou)造緊(jin)致,獨具匠(jiang)心,建筑的(de)節點處(chu)看不(bu)到一(yi)根鐵釘。
汪潤田(tian)故居面寬20米(mi),徑深(shen)60米(mi),總(zong)面積(ji)約500平米(mi),是通城(cheng)縣目(mu)前保存(cun)最完好(hao)的明代古建(jian)筑,已被列為縣級(ji)重點文物保護單位(wei)。
敦煌縣令汪宗翰故居
汪宗翰故居位于(yu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)通城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)塘湖(hu)(hu)(hu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)黃袍山(shan)潤(run)(run)田(tian)灣潤(run)(run)田(tian)老(lao)屋。汪宗翰(翰,又為瀚(han)),字栗庵,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)武昌府通城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)黃袍山(shan)潤(run)(run)田(tian)人(今湖(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)通城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)塘湖(hu)(hu)(hu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)黃袍山(shan)潤(run)(run)田(tian)灣人),精金(jin)石、通書畫、善(shan)詩(shi)詞。光緒己(ji)卯(1879)科(ke)舉人,大挑揀選知縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian);庚(geng)寅(1890)科(ke)會試,中(zhong)進(jin)士(shi),欽點主事簽分吏(li)部(正六品),1893授(shou)侍中(zhong)(正五品)。1896年調(diao)(diao)補甘(gan)肅(su)鎮(zhen)(zhen)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)知縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(實為貶職(zhi)。甘(gan)肅(su)學(xue)政葉昌熾在(zai)1902年8月5日日記(ji)中(zhong)說汪宗翰“以吏(li)部改官作(zuo)令,簽掣鎮(zhen)(zhen)原(yuan),調(diao)(diao)補邊缺,頗悒(yi)悒(yi)不(bu)得志”),加(jia)同(tong)知銜。辛丑(1902)蘭州任鄉(xiang)試同(tong)考官,調(diao)(diao)補敦(dun)煌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)知縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),攜老(lao)母幼子出關任職(zhi)。甲辰(1904)大計(ji)卓(zhuo)異,賞戴花(hua)翎五品銜。1906調(diao)(diao)蘭州,戊申(1908)調(diao)(diao)署華亭縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)事,接補張掖縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)知縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。1909年復調(diao)(diao)吏(li)部,晉封中(zhong)憲大夫(fu)(正四品),又官至吏(li)部待郎、內閣學(xue)士(shi)等,誥封奉政大夫(fu)(從二品)。
汪宗(zong)翰,是(shi)第一(yi)位真(zhen)正發現、并懂得(de)敦(dun)煌(huang)藏經洞中(zhong)經卷、畫像(xiang)重大(da)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)價值的(de)(de)清(qing)朝(chao)官(guan)員,是(shi)第一(yi)位對敦(dun)煌(huang)藏經洞中(zhong)經卷、畫像(xiang)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)價值進(jin)行過研究的(de)(de)學者,也是(shi)最先(xian)對敦(dun)煌(huang)藏經洞中(zhong)經卷、畫像(xiang)作出(chu)了了保(bao)護(hu)、封存貢獻(xian)的(de)(de)人,更是(shi)首先(xian)真(zhen)實向清(qing)朝(chao)政府匯(hui)報敦(dun)煌(huang)藏經洞文(wen)(wen)物(wu)古跡、并申請清(qing)廷政府妥善(shan)保(bao)管的(de)(de)官(guan)員。
監察史劉塘湖故居
劉(liu)繡衣,名仕昌,字時(shi)亨,號塘(tang)湖,生于(yu)(yu)明(ming)洪武(wu)二(er)十七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1394年(nian)(nian)(nian)),于(yu)(yu)明(ming)永樂十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1420年(nian)(nian)(nian))庚子(zi)科(ke)舉人,甲辰(1424年(nian)(nian)(nian))科(ke)進士,登刑部寬榜(bang),授陜西(xi)道監(jian)察史,后升任(ren)浙江副使(shi),卒于(yu)(yu)明(ming)正統十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1445年(nian)(nian)(nian))
劉繡(xiu)衣(yi)(yi)出生地獅(shi)子山(shan)大(da)屋,系劉繡(xiu)衣(yi)(yi)上輩(bei)所造,屋住劉氏一脈。東有假(jia)山(shan)花(hua)園(yuan),西有官廳(ting),四(si)巷(xiang)八閣,錯(cuo)落有致。門(men)前左側是(shi)旗(qi)桿石,右邊(bian)是(shi)寄馬(ma)樁,雄(xiong)偉壯觀,威(wei)嚴(yan)顯赫(he),可見劉繡(xiu)衣(yi)(yi)當年的地位。劉氏后裔為紀念這一代名臣,于(yu)1994年,在(zai)劉繡(xiu)衣(yi)(yi)出生地獅(shi)子山(shan)大(da)屋重修了(le)“塘湖故里”。
黃袍山古村落
通城縣塘湖鎮(zhen)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)袍山(shan)(shan)上有(you)個大(da)堝(guo)村(cun)(cun)(cun),記(ji)者昨日探(tan)訪(fang)這個蘊含著厚重歷史文(wen)(wen)(wen)化的(de)偏遠山(shan)(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)時(shi),心(xin)中(zhong)充滿(man)驚奇和深深的(de)敬(jing)意。大(da)堝(guo)村(cun)(cun)(cun)又名夜(ye)珠窩,因(yin)相傳(chuan)系(xi)天宮夜(ye)明珠墜入凡間隕落黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)袍山(shan)(shan)而得名。據《黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)氏族(zu)譜(pu)》記(ji)載,大(da)宋(song)才子黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)庭堅(jian)(江(jiang)西修水縣人,字魯直,為江(jiang)西詩派開山(shan)(shan)鼻祖)曾在(zai)此隱居,其與歐陽修、王安石、蘇軾齊名,世號“蘇黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)”,至今,大(da)堝(guo)村(cun)(cun)(cun)內仍可找到(dao)始建于北宋(song)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)“魯直第”古(gu)(gu)式建筑。在(zai)這個不起眼的(de)深山(shan)(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)落,還能(neng)看見張(zhang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)定(宋(song)朝,著有(you)《四(si)庫(ku)總目(mu)》)故居“文(wen)(wen)(wen)定世第”,“江(jiang)南神(shen)童(tong)”吳壽平(3歲能(neng)詩,7歲會(hui)文(wen)(wen)(wen),9歲應試)故居,以及漢朝時(shi)期(qi)(qi)張(zhang)良退隱黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)袍山(shan)(shan)創辦的(de)的(de)“伐桂書院”、才子吳冀(ji)泰修建的(de)“夜(ye)珠窩”古(gu)(gu)戲臺等(deng)。另有(you)一古(gu)(gu)民居中(zhong)發現了紀念張(zhang)良的(de)古(gu)(gu)匾(bian)“圮直德臨”,還有(you)多處宋(song)朝時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)古(gu)(gu)雕(diao)、古(gu)(gu)監樓、古(gu)(gu)院等(deng)。
黃袍山癡情谷
在楚頭吳尾(wei)的鄂南通(tong)(tong)城(cheng)縣黃袍山(shan)觀音(yin)峰下(今湖北省通(tong)(tong)城(cheng)縣塘湖鎮黃袍山(shan)荻田村(cun))有一(yi)個如(ru)世外(wai)桃源的仙(xian)谷--肝(gan)(gan)坑,其(qi)谷呈心(xin)肝(gan)(gan)狀山(shan)窩,三面環山(shan),古樹、老(lao)井、小(xiao)溪、石橋、茂林、修(xiu)竹、山(shan)花(hua)、溶洞......山(shan)青水清,竹樹成蔭,風景秀麗(li),居住著十數(shu)戶人家,與世無爭。
相傳(chuan)在隋末唐初,這(zhe)里生(sheng)活著一對如膠似漆般恩(en)愛(ai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新婚夫妻,及(ji)(ji)一位老媽媽(相傳(chuan)系男方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)母親(qin)),女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貌如嬌花、若比天(tian)仙,男子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)英俊、身強力壯,并肚有(you)詩(shi)書是(shi)一秀才。女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)紡紗、男子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)教(jiao)書,女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)采茶(cha)、男子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)勞作耕種,三人之家很(hen)是(shi)幸(xing)福......但由于戰火波及(ji)(ji)這(zhe)片(pian)凈(jing)土,男子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)參(can)加了軍隊(是(shi)否強征不(bu)清)。女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)只(zhi)好(hao)獨自(zi)撐起這(zhe)個小(xiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家,日(ri)出勞作,以種綠茶(cha)、黃豆、山茶(cha)等(deng)換取(qu)自(zi)己生(sheng)活之資(zi)及(ji)(ji)養奉(feng)老母,男子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)一去(qu)多年,女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)苦等(deng)數載不(bu)見(jian)郎(lang)歸,寂夜以淚洗面......因一直(zhi)沒男子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)息(xi),后(hou)來(lai)就不(bu)斷有(you)一些(xie)媒婆、鄉紳、地(di)(di)主等(deng)來(lai)“騷擾”,后(hou)來(lai)老母親(qin)生(sheng)病,女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)向鄰居借了一些(xie)銀兩(liang)以付醫資(zi)和藥(yao)資(zi),但有(you)一地(di)(di)主設計(ji)將女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)欠債轉移,地(di)(di)主成了女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)債主,地(di)(di)主以此為(wei)要挾,要女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)做其小(xiao)妾,女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)從,地(di)(di)主三五天(tian)就派人來(lai)勸(quan)說、恐嚇......女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)四處打聽(ting)愛(ai)郎(lang),地(di)(di)主知道后(hou),一方(fang)面施壓更甚,一方(fang)面安排下人散(san)布其男子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)已陣亡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)息(xi),女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)聞聽(ting)愛(ai)郎(lang)已亡,悲痛至(zhi)極。她最后(hou)答(da)應(ying)地(di)(di)
主的下人,并要求地主給一些銀(yin)兩(liang)為(wei)聘禮,在婚期(qi)的前夜(ye),女(nv)子(zi)將那些銀(yin)兩(liang)交給了老(lao)母親,自己(ji)一人來到山谷(gu)的觀音峰之(zhi)頂,長嘯數(shu)聲(sheng)男子(zi)的名字,說她是清(qing)(qing)清(qing)(qing)白(bai)白(bai)的,清(qing)(qing)清(qing)(qing)白(bai)白(bai)的地去(qu)天(tian)堂(tang)找男子(zi)的......后(hou)奮(fen)力掏刀將自己(ji)的心(xin)肝割(ge)出捧(peng)著(zhu)......(從此(ci),此(ci)山谷(gu)得名為(wei)肝坑,民(min)間又有一說,因女(nv)子(zi)對愛情(qing)的堅(jian)貞(zhen)感動了上天(tian),得以升天(tian)成仙女(nv),所以又叫仙女(nv)谷(gu))
不(bu)久,男子(zi)功成歸來的(de)(de)(de)那天,卻得(de)知(zhi)愛妻已不(bu)在(zai)人(ren)間,一人(ren)狂奔山頂,在(zai)愛妻自盡的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方,長跪不(bu)起,痛(tong)不(bu)欲(yu)生,悲泣三日,后(hou)老母來尋,男子(zi)忍痛(tong)同母歸家(jia)。男子(zi)將(jiang)從(cong)軍(jun)(jun)所得(de)酬(chou)勞(lao)自留(liu)部分,其他皆(jie)用于家(jia)鄉的(de)(de)(de)修路建橋,及資助當(dang)(dang)地(di)窮苦的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)家(jia),并(bing)對(dui)當(dang)(dang)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)生皆(jie)不(bu)收取學(xue)(xue)費。男子(zi)對(dui)母親甚孝,沒再婚娶,每日教學(xue)(xue)勞(lao)作后(hou)都(dou)侍奉在(zai)母親身旁,講(jiang)講(jiang)從(cong)軍(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)事情,聊(liao)聊(liao)外(wai)面的(de)(de)(de)境(jing)況,母親外(wai)出,其皆(jie)攙扶著老母親......
五年(nian)(nian)后,母親(qin)終老,男(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)守(shou)孝三年(nian)(nian)。守(shou)孝三年(nian)(nian)后,男(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)將(jiang)自(zi)己的(de)居家(jia)及(ji)所(suo)有(you)(you)財(cai)物(wu)皆給了另一位(wei)年(nian)(nian)青(qing)的(de)秀才,囑其教授學生(sheng)。所(suo)有(you)(you)安排好后,在女(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)自(zi)盡(jin)(jin)的(de)祭日,男(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)穿著一身盡(jin)(jin)白,在愛妻自(zi)盡(jin)(jin)的(de)山頂,風中(zhong)(zhong),雨中(zhong)(zhong),他佇(zhu)立良欠(qian),眼神(shen)呆滯(zhi),眸帶淚光.......深(shen)夜,也就(jiu)是女(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)自(zi)盡(jin)(jin)的(de)那(nei)個時刻(ke),他撞向了石巖.......
――后續,多年后狄仁(ren)杰聞聽此事很是感(gan)動,親自到(dao)這里吊念,且下令(ling)開挖谷外的大片山(shan)丘,以置良(liang)田,得名(ming)荻田村。并(bing)在山(shan)頂(ding)之(zhi)石(shi)上親書“堅貞女(nv)”“癡孝男(nan)”等字(zi)(zi),其字(zi)(zi)已不知所(suo)蹤。
文字(zi)并不能表達那(nei)感天動地的(de)貞女癡男的(de)愛(ai)情(qing)故事,孝(xiao)子的(de)故事,不管在(zai)(zai)傳說中是否有多少夸大(da),或是人(ren)(ren)工修(xiu)飾,我都寧愿相信(xin),如(ru)同(tong)我相信(xin)那(nei)祝(zhu)英臺的(de)化蝶一樣,很凄美.......心谷也(ye)(ye)好(hao)、肝坑也(ye)(ye)罷,神(shen)仙(xian)谷也(ye)(ye)好(hao)、仙(xian)女谷也(ye)(ye)罷,愛(ai)情(qing)谷也(ye)(ye)好(hao),癡情(qing)谷也(ye)(ye)罷……在(zai)(zai)這個名字(zi)的(de)后面(mian)有一個流淌(tang)血淚的(de)感人(ren)(ren)故事就夠了。
在(zai)這個物欲橫流(liu)的今(jin)天,對很多人來講這恐怕都只是一種理想,一個世外的傳說……