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歷史沿革

1982年經(jing)甘肅省人民政府批準，成立(li)“天水地區頭二三灘自然保護區”。

2006年經(jing)國(guo)(guo)務院辦(ban)公廳(ting)批(pi)準晉升為國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保護區，更名為“甘(gan)肅(su)甘(gan)肅(su)小(xiao)隴山(shan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保護區”。

地理環境

位置境域

甘(gan)肅(su)甘(gan)肅(su)小隴(long)山國家級自然(ran)保護區位于中秦嶺(ling)的西(xi)端，地理坐標為東(dong)經106°13′10″～106°33′06″、北緯33°35′12″～33°45′11″。保護區東(dong)西(xi)長31.5公里，南北寬18.5公里。

地貌

甘(gan)肅(su)甘(gan)肅(su)小(xiao)隴(long)山(shan)國家級自然保(bao)護區屬于典(dian)型的熔巖地(di)(di)貌(mao)，局部地(di)(di)段(duan)發(fa)育大面(mian)積喀斯特地(di)(di)貌(mao)。山(shan)頂發(fa)育的喀斯特漏(lou)斗，形狀仿佛農(nong)家使用的大鍋，當地(di)(di)人(ren)謂之(zhi)“鍋坑”，小(xiao)的直徑(jing)500米左(zuo)右，大的直徑(jing)2000米，彼(bi)此連綿成群。

水文

甘肅小隴山國家級自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)有嘉(jia)陵(ling)江及其支流(liu)東溝河、瓦窯溝、云(yun)鳧(fu)河、陳家溝等，水(shui)系呈輻散(san)狀分布，最(zui)后向西(xi)和西(xi)北匯(hui)集，注入嘉(jia)陵(ling)江。其中嘉(jia)陵(ling)江是保(bao)護區(qu)大(da)的過境河流(liu)，干流(liu)流(liu)經保(bao)護區(qu)西(xi)緣。年(nian)徑流(liu)總(zong)量(liang)8.4×107立方米，年(nian)平均(jun)流(liu)量(liang)51.68立方米/秒，最(zui)大(da)流(liu)量(liang)9800立方米/秒(1981年(nian))，流(liu)域平均(jun)徑流(liu)深297.6毫米。

保護目標

保護對象

甘肅小隴山國(guo)家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區主(zhu)要保(bao)護(hu)對象是暖溫帶—亞熱帶過(guo)渡地區原始森(sen)林生態系統(tong)，珍稀(xi)瀕危物(wu)種(zhong)，生物(wu)多樣(yang)性(xing)和特殊的(de)自(zi)然(ran)地理景(jing)觀。

動物資源

甘肅(su)小隴山國(guo)家級(ji)自然保護(hu)區有野生動(dong)物(wu)魚類(lei)3目(mu)5科(ke)5亞科(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)17種(zhong)，兩棲類(lei)2目(mu)6科(ke)6屬(shu)(shu)11種(zhong)，爬行(xing)動(dong)物(wu)2目(mu)6科(ke)17屬(shu)(shu)24種(zhong)，鳥類(lei)16目(mu)39科(ke)199種(zhong)，哺乳類(lei)7目(mu)20科(ke)66種(zhong)。

甘(gan)肅(su)小隴山(shan)國家級自(zi)然保護(hu)區共(gong)有(you)魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)總東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)(yang)界(jie)魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，古(gu)北界(jie)魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩(liang)(liang)界(jie)共(gong)有(you)的魚(yu)有(you)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)兩(liang)(liang)棲類(lei)(lei)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)(yang)界(jie)，古(gu)北界(jie)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，共(gong)有(you)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)爬(pa)行類(lei)(lei)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)(yang)界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，純(chun)古(gu)北界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)沒有(you)，共(gong)有(you)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)鳥類(lei)(lei)199種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，廣布種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)74種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、古(gu)北界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)69種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)(yang)界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)56種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)66種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)哺乳類(lei)(lei)，其中(zhong)(zhong)古(gu)北界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)(yang)界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)28種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩(liang)(liang)界(jie)共(gong)有(you)的物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

甘(gan)肅小(xiao)(xiao)隴(long)山國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區共(gong)有(you)國(guo)(guo)家一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)家二(er)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)28種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中國(guo)(guo)家二(er)級(ji)兩棲(qi)爬行動物1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；鳥類(lei)中有(you)國(guo)(guo)家一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即金(jin)雕(diao)；國(guo)(guo)家二(er)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即鳶 、蒼(cang)鷹(ying)(ying)、雀鷹(ying)(ying)、松(song)雀鷹(ying)(ying)、普通鵟、紅隼(sun)、燕(yan)隼(sun)、紅腳隼(sun)、紅腹角雉(zhi)、勺雞、紅腹錦雞、灰鶴、紅角鸮、雕(diao)鸮、領鵂鹠、斑頭鵂鹠、短耳鸮、灰林(lin)(lin)鸮；保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區有(you)國(guo)(guo)家一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)哺乳(ru)類(lei)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，為羚牛秦(qin)(qin)嶺亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、云(yun)豹(bao)、豹(bao)、林(lin)(lin)麝， 二(er)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)哺乳(ru)類(lei)有(you)大靈(ling)貓、果子貍秦(qin)(qin)巴亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、狼北(bei)部亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、赤狐蒙新(xin)亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、野豬(zhu)川西亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、林(lin)(lin)麝、小(xiao)(xiao)麂(ji)指名亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、毛冠鹿指名亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、羚牛秦(qin)(qin)嶺亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鬣羚、斑羚等(deng)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。  （以上(shang)數(shu)據截止2014年）

植物資源

物(wu)種基本組成：保護(hu)區共有種子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)123科(ke)、561屬、1258種（含(han)種以下等級）。其中裸子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)6科(ke)12屬18種；被子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中的雙(shuang)子葉植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)105科(ke)448屬1057種，單子葉植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)12科(ke)101屬183種。

區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)地理成(cheng)分(fen)：保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)植(zhi)物地理成(cheng)分(fen)復雜(za)，具有(you)中國所有(you)的(de)15個分(fen)布(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)類型(xing)，其中屬于世界分(fen)布(bu)的(de)有(you)56個屬，屬于熱帶或以熱帶為中心分(fen)布(bu)的(de)類型(xing)有(you)128屬、244種，分(fen)別占總數(shu)(shu)的(de)22.9%、19.4%；屬于溫帶性質的(de)類型(xing)有(you)376屬、806種，分(fen)別占總數(shu)(shu)的(de)67.2%、64.5%。顯然北(bei)溫帶分(fen)布(bu)的(de)屬數(shu)(shu)、種數(shu)(shu)多(duo)，溫帶屬性是保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)植(zhi)物區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)的(de)基本(ben)特點。

從科(ke)(ke)(ke)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的分(fen)布型統(tong)計看，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于世(shi)界廣(guang)布型的有(you)(you)34科(ke)(ke)(ke)56屬(shu)(shu)(shu)202種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分(fen)別占(zhan)自然保護區總的科(ke)(ke)(ke)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的27.6%、10%和16.1%；屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于熱帶(dai)分(fen)布型的有(you)(you)55科(ke)(ke)(ke)128屬(shu)(shu)(shu)244種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分(fen)別占(zhan)自然保護區總的科(ke)(ke)(ke)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的44.7%、22.9%和19.5%；而屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于溫帶(dai)分(fen)布型的有(you)(you)86科(ke)(ke)(ke)375屬(shu)(shu)(shu)807種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分(fen)別占(zhan)自然保護區總的科(ke)(ke)(ke)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的69.9%、67%64.4%。（以上數據(ju)截止(zhi)2014年）

區域范圍

保護區(qu)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)31938平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)，核心區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)10 256平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)，緩(huan)沖區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)10158平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)，實驗區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)11524平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)。

旅游景區

云幈寺

云幈寺座(zuo)落于云幈鄉北端，占(zhan)地約兩(liang)畝(mu)，有(you)大(da)殿、經室、廂房、齋院(yuan)和山門(men)。大(da)殿中(zhong)供(gong)奉(feng)著如(ru)來佛、觀世音菩(pu)薩等眾神(shen)像(xiang)，山門(men)中(zhong)面目猙獰的靈官塑像(xiang)，山門(men)上有(you)一幅隸書對聯(lian)，上聯(lian)是“存(cun)心邪僻 任爾(er)燒香無(wu)點(dian)益”，下(xia)聯(lian)是“持身正大(da) 見(jian)吾不拜有(you)何(he)妨(fang)”。

古峽棧道

在觀音峽(xia)峽(xia)谷(gu)左面(mian)的峭壁上，留有古棧道(dao)遺跡十余處，據(ju)說(shuo)漢(han)劉邦當年退出咸陽入漢(han)中時，為向(xiang)項(xiang)羽表明(ming)自己(ji)無心奪(duo)中原而火燒棧道(dao)，燒的就是(shi)這條棧道(dao)。后來(lai)韓(han)信明(ming)修棧道(dao)，暗渡陳倉(cang)，佯裝修復(fu)的也(ye)是(shi)這條棧道(dao)。1949年7月，寶雞解放后，戰敗的國(guo)民(min)黨胡宗(zong)南殘部(bu)214師也(ye)是(shi)取此道(dao)南逃四川的。