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歷史沿革

1982年經甘(gan)肅省人民政(zheng)府批(pi)準，成立(li)“天水地區頭(tou)二三灘自然保護區”。

2006年經國務院辦公廳批準晉(jin)升為國家(jia)(jia)級自然(ran)(ran)保護區(qu)，更名為“甘(gan)肅甘(gan)肅小隴山國家(jia)(jia)級自然(ran)(ran)保護區(qu)”。

地理環境

位置境域

甘肅(su)甘肅(su)小(xiao)隴山國家(jia)級自(zi)然保護區位于中秦嶺的西(xi)端，地理坐標為(wei)東經(jing)106°13′10″～106°33′06″、北(bei)(bei)緯33°35′12″～33°45′11″。保護區東西(xi)長31.5公里，南北(bei)(bei)寬18.5公里。

地貌

甘(gan)肅甘(gan)肅小(xiao)隴山國(guo)家級自然(ran)保護區屬于典型的熔巖地(di)(di)貌，局部地(di)(di)段發育大面積喀(ka)斯(si)特地(di)(di)貌。山頂發育的喀(ka)斯(si)特漏斗，形狀仿佛農家使用的大鍋(guo)，當地(di)(di)人謂之“鍋(guo)坑”，小(xiao)的直徑(jing)500米左右，大的直徑(jing)2000米，彼此(ci)連綿(mian)成群。

水文

甘肅小隴(long)山國家(jia)(jia)級自然保(bao)(bao)護區有嘉陵(ling)江及其支流(liu)(liu)(liu)東溝河(he)、瓦窯溝、云鳧河(he)、陳(chen)家(jia)(jia)溝等，水系呈輻散狀分布，最(zui)后向西和西北匯(hui)集，注入嘉陵(ling)江。其中嘉陵(ling)江是保(bao)(bao)護區大(da)的過境(jing)河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，干流(liu)(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)經保(bao)(bao)護區西緣。年(nian)徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)總量8.4×107立方米(mi)，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量51.68立方米(mi)/秒，最(zui)大(da)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量9800立方米(mi)/秒(1981年(nian))，流(liu)(liu)(liu)域平(ping)均(jun)徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)深(shen)297.6毫米(mi)。

保護目標

保護對象

甘(gan)肅(su)小隴山國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)主要保護(hu)對象是(shi)暖溫帶(dai)—亞熱帶(dai)過渡(du)地區(qu)原(yuan)始森林(lin)生(sheng)態系統，珍稀瀕危(wei)物種，生(sheng)物多樣性和(he)特殊(shu)的自(zi)然地理景觀(guan)。

動物資源

甘肅小隴山(shan)國家級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護區有野生動物(wu)魚(yu)類3目(mu)5科(ke)(ke)5亞科(ke)(ke)15屬17種(zhong)，兩(liang)棲類2目(mu)6科(ke)(ke)6屬11種(zhong)，爬(pa)行動物(wu)2目(mu)6科(ke)(ke)17屬24種(zhong)，鳥類16目(mu)39科(ke)(ke)199種(zhong)，哺(bu)乳類7目(mu)20科(ke)(ke)66種(zhong)。

甘肅(su)小隴山國家級自然保護區共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中總東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)界(jie)魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，古北界(jie)魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩界(jie)共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)魚(yu)有(you)(you)(you)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)(you)兩棲類(lei)(lei)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)界(jie)，古北界(jie)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)(you)爬(pa)行類(lei)(lei)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，純古北界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)，共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)(you)鳥類(lei)(lei)199種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，廣布種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)74種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、古北界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)69種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)56種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)(you)66種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)哺(bu)乳類(lei)(lei)，其中古北界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，東(dong)(dong)洋(yang)界(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)28種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩界(jie)共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

甘(gan)肅小隴(long)山國家(jia)(jia)級自然保護區共(gong)有(you)(you)國家(jia)(jia)一(yi)級保護物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國家(jia)(jia)二(er)級保護物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)28種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中國家(jia)(jia)二(er)級兩棲爬(pa)行動物(wu)(wu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；鳥類(lei)中有(you)(you)國家(jia)(jia)一(yi)級保護物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)金雕；國家(jia)(jia)二(er)級保護物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)鳶(yuan) 、蒼鷹(ying)、雀鷹(ying)、松雀鷹(ying)、普通鵟(kuang)、紅隼(sun)、燕隼(sun)、紅腳隼(sun)、紅腹角(jiao)雉、勺雞(ji)(ji)、紅腹錦雞(ji)(ji)、灰鶴(he)、紅角(jiao)鸮(xiao)、雕鸮(xiao)、領鵂鹠、斑頭鵂鹠、短耳鸮(xiao)、灰林鸮(xiao)；保護區有(you)(you)國家(jia)(jia)一(yi)級保護哺(bu)乳(ru)類(lei)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，為羚牛秦嶺(ling)亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、云(yun)豹、豹、林麝(she)， 二(er)級保護哺(bu)乳(ru)類(lei)有(you)(you)大靈貓、果子貍(li)秦巴亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、狼北部(bu)亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、赤狐蒙(meng)新亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、野豬川西亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、林麝(she)、小麂(ji)指名(ming)亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、毛冠鹿指名(ming)亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、羚牛秦嶺(ling)亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鬣(lie)羚、斑羚等10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。  （以上數據截止2014年）

植物資源

物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基本組成：保護區共有種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)123科(ke)(ke)、561屬、1258種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（含(han)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以下等級）。其中(zhong)裸(luo)子(zi)(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)6科(ke)(ke)12屬18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；被子(zi)(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)中(zhong)的雙子(zi)(zi)葉植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)105科(ke)(ke)448屬1057種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，單子(zi)(zi)葉植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)12科(ke)(ke)101屬183種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

區(qu)系(xi)地理成分：保護區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)植物地理成分復雜，具有(you)中國(guo)所(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)15個分布(bu)(bu)區(qu)類型(xing)，其中屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)世界分布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)56個屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)熱帶(dai)或以(yi)熱帶(dai)為中心分布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)類型(xing)有(you)128屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、244種(zhong)，分別占(zhan)總數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)22.9%、19.4%；屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)溫帶(dai)性(xing)質的(de)(de)(de)類型(xing)有(you)376屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、806種(zhong)，分別占(zhan)總數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)67.2%、64.5%。顯然北溫帶(dai)分布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)、種(zhong)數(shu)多，溫帶(dai)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)性(xing)是保護區(qu)植物區(qu)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)基本特點。

從科屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)分布(bu)型(xing)統計看，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)世界廣布(bu)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)34科56屬(shu)(shu)(shu)202種，分別占自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)總的(de)(de)(de)科屬(shu)(shu)(shu)種的(de)(de)(de)27.6%、10%和16.1%；屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)熱帶(dai)(dai)分布(bu)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)55科128屬(shu)(shu)(shu)244種，分別占自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)總的(de)(de)(de)科屬(shu)(shu)(shu)種的(de)(de)(de)44.7%、22.9%和19.5%；而屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)溫帶(dai)(dai)分布(bu)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)86科375屬(shu)(shu)(shu)807種，分別占自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)總的(de)(de)(de)科屬(shu)(shu)(shu)種的(de)(de)(de)69.9%、67%64.4%。（以(yi)上數據截止2014年）

區域范圍

保護區(qu)(qu)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)31938平(ping)方米，核(he)心區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)10 256平(ping)方米，緩沖區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)10158平(ping)方米，實驗區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)11524平(ping)方米。

旅游景區

云幈寺

云(yun)幈寺(si)座落(luo)于云(yun)幈鄉北端，占地(di)約兩畝，有(you)(you)(you)大(da)殿(dian)、經室、廂房、齋院和山(shan)(shan)門。大(da)殿(dian)中供(gong)奉(feng)著如(ru)來佛、觀世音菩薩等眾(zhong)神像，山(shan)(shan)門中面目(mu)猙獰(ning)的靈官塑像，山(shan)(shan)門上有(you)(you)(you)一幅隸(li)書對聯，上聯是“存心(xin)邪(xie)僻(pi) 任(ren)爾燒香(xiang)無點益”，下聯是“持(chi)身(shen)正大(da) 見吾不拜有(you)(you)(you)何妨(fang)”。

古峽棧道

在觀音峽峽谷左面的(de)峭壁(bi)上，留有古棧道(dao)(dao)遺跡十余處，據說(shuo)漢劉邦當(dang)年退出(chu)咸陽入漢中時，為向項羽(yu)表明自(zi)己無(wu)心奪中原而火(huo)燒(shao)棧道(dao)(dao)，燒(shao)的(de)就是(shi)(shi)這條棧道(dao)(dao)。后來韓(han)信明修棧道(dao)(dao)，暗(an)渡陳倉，佯裝修復(fu)的(de)也是(shi)(shi)這條棧道(dao)(dao)。1949年7月，寶雞解放后，戰(zhan)敗的(de)國(guo)民黨胡宗南殘部214師也是(shi)(shi)取此(ci)道(dao)(dao)南逃四川的(de)。