旅游信息
連康山
又名(ming)蓮塘山,原始森林遮天蔽(bi)日(ri),人文(wen)古跡遍地可見。《光山縣志》載“三(san)國時(shi)連康在此(ci)立寨”,三(san)國青(qing)年連康反抗朝廷暴(bao)政在此(ci)占山為王,留下扯旗尖(jian)(jian)、尖(jian)(jian)刀石(shi)、羈馬石(shi)、東西教場、一關、二(er)關、三(san)關等優(you)美傳說(shuo)故事,并(bing)保(bao)存(cun)眾多人文(wen)景(jing)觀(guan)景(jing)點。
連康河
綿(mian)延(yan)20余公里,發源(yuan)于莽(mang)(mang)莽(mang)(mang)林(lin)海之中,水質(zhi)甘甜醇(chun)厚(hou),富(fu)含多種礦物質(zhi)微量元素,為一類飲(yin)用水標準(zhun)。河(he)谷盤折通幽形成(cheng)落差100余米的峽(xia)谷,上游奇峰突起,怪石參差,下游一段(duan)峽(xia)谷成(cheng)“U”形,常(chang)綠(lv)闊葉林(lin)高(gao)達數(shu)十(shi)長,郁郁蔥蔥,如一只天(tian)鵝(e)伸開(kai)雙翅抱(bao)住鵝(e)蛋(dan),有“天(tian)鵝(e)抱(bao)蛋(dan)”之稱。
交通
京廣、西(xi)寧鐵(tie)路、京九高(gao)速、南信(xin)葉線107國(guo)(guo)道(dao)均至信(xin)陽(yang)(yang),京九鐵(tie)路、阿深高(gao)速、106國(guo)(guo)道(dao)、南信(xin)葉線、1655線均在新縣(xian)建站通過,距信(xin)陽(yang)(yang)120公里、武漢天河(he)機場160公里、新縣(xian)縣(xian)城2公里。
保護對象
一是(shi)國家Ⅱ級重點保護野生動(dong)物——白(bai)冠長尾雉及(ji)其棲息地。白(bai)冠長尾雉是(shi)世(shi)界瀕危物種(zhong),也是(shi)中(zhong)國的特有種(zhong),其頭頂銀冠,身(shen)披金羽(yu),兩枚長長的尾羽(yu)高高翹起,全(quan)身(shen)色彩斑斕(lan),十分美麗(li)。
二是(shi)北(bei)亞熱(re)帶森林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系統及其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣性和(he)珍稀植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)群落。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)按(an)照植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活型和(he)建群種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進行分類,共(gong)劃分為7個植(zhi)被型組,138個群系,210個群叢。有(you)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2435種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)列為國(guo)家一級保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)有(you)銀杏(xing)、紅豆杉共(gong)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),列為國(guo)家二級保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)有(you)大別山五針松、香果(guo)樹(shu)、楠(nan)木(mu)、浙江楠(nan)、櫸樹(shu)、野大豆、天麻、中(zhong)(zhong)華結縷草等17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)數量為248種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)共(gong)34種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),列為國(guo)家Ⅰ級保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)有(you)金錢豹、金雕、白(bai)鸛3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),國(guo)家Ⅱ級保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)有(you)豺、水獺、穿(chuan)山甲、小靈貓、拉步甲、白(bai)冠長(chang)尾雉(zhi)等31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);有(you)昆蟲986種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),世界上沒(mei)有(you)描述過(guo)(guo)的(de)昆蟲新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如新縣長(chang)突(tu)葉蟬、黑緣(yuan)長(chang)突(tu)葉蟬等,河南(nan)沒(mei)有(you)記載過(guo)(guo)的(de)新紀錄49種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
三是亞(ya)熱(re)帶(dai)北部邊緣常(chang)綠闊葉林(lin)群落(luo)。連康山自(zi)然保護區地處北亞(ya)熱(re)帶(dai)向(xiang)暖溫帶(dai)過(guo)渡地區,分布(bu)有河(he)南省面積最大(da)的常(chang)綠闊葉林(lin)群落(luo)。
四是(shi)重(zhong)要的(de)水源涵養(yang)林區(qu)及(ji)生(sheng)態(tai)屏障。保護區(qu)地跨長(chang)江、淮河(he)兩大水系,是(shi)長(chang)江、淮河(he)眾多一、二級支流的(de)發源地和重(zhong)要的(de)水源涵養(yang)林區(qu),也是(shi)極好的(de)具(ju)有典型(xing)代表性的(de)水文觀測區(qu)域。
河南連康(kang)山國家級自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)劃分(fen)為三(san)個功(gong)能區(qu)(qu),即核心區(qu)(qu)、緩沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)和實(shi)驗區(qu)(qu)。核心區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)4700hm2,緩沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)1520hm2,實(shi)驗區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)4360hm2,占(zhan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)41.2%,主(zhu)要是(shi)天(tian)然次生(sheng)林(lin)和人工林(lin)。
科研價值
連康山國家級自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)建立以(yi)來,保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)開展了(le)綜合科(ke)學考察工作,聘請了(le)有關專(zhuan)家學者,組織保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)專(zhuan)業(ye)技術人(ren)員,歷時(shi)數年(nian),出(chu)版了(le)《連康山自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)科(ke)學考察集》。同時(shi),保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)長(chang)期與有關大(da)專(zhuan)院校和科(ke)研單(dan)位聯合開展了(le)野生動(dong)植物調查(cha)、昆(kun)蟲調查(cha)等(deng),共發表論文33篇,出(chu)版專(zhuan)著(zhu)5部,獲(huo)得科(ke)技進步獎12項。
1997年(nian),李大(da)明、王金平(信陽(yang)林業(ye)學(xue)校(xiao)、信陽(yang)師范(fan)學(xue)院(yuan))通過三次到新縣連(lian)(lian)康(kang)山自然(ran)保護區(qu)的實地(di)考察,調查分(fen)析了該(gai)區(qu)木本植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)區(qu)系的基本組成(cheng)、特點及其與其它幾個鄰近(jin)地(di)區(qu)的關系。2001年(nian)8月(yue),河北師范(fan)大(da)學(xue)生命科(ke)(ke)學(xue)學(xue)院(yuan)、河南農(nong)業(ye)大(da)學(xue)農(nong)學(xue)院(yuan)趙(zhao)建(jian)成(cheng)等(deng),受河南省連(lian)(lian)康(kang)山自然(ran)保護區(qu)的邀請,前往該(gai)地(di)區(qu)進(jin)行苔(tai)(tai)蘚植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)考察與采集,保護區(qu)所產的光(guang)萼(e)苔(tai)(tai)科(ke)(ke)(Porellaceae)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)2屬8種,即光(guang)萼(e)苔(tai)(tai)屬Porella(7種)和多瓣苔(tai)(tai)屬Macvicaria(1種)。討論了它們(men)的生境、識(shi)別特征和植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)區(qu)系地(di)理成(cheng)分(fen),并(bing)編制了河南省連(lian)(lian)康(kang)山自然(ran)保護區(qu)光(guang)萼(e)苔(tai)(tai)科(ke)(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)的分(fen)屬、分(fen)種檢索表。