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歷史沿革

2000年4月，國務院(yuan)文件批準建立長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)上游合江(jiang)(jiang)至雷波段珍稀(xi)魚(yu)類國家級自然保(bao)護區。

2005年4月(yue)，國務院對保護(hu)區(qu)范圍作了(le)調整，并更名為(wei)“長江上游珍稀特(te)有魚(yu)類國家級自然保護(hu)區(qu)”。

保護范圍

長江上游(you)珍稀(xi)特有魚(yu)類自然(ran)保護區朱(zhu)楊管理站

保護區(qu)(qu)江(jiang)段(duan)總(zong)長度(du)為(wei)1162.61公(gong)里，總(zong)面(mian)積為(wei)33174.213公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，涉及(ji)云南、貴州、重慶、四(si)川四(si)省一市(shi)。主要包(bao)括(kuo)金沙江(jiang)向家壩壩軸線(xian)下(xia)1.8km至重慶馬桑溪長江(jiang)江(jiang)段(duan)353.16km，岷江(jiang)月(yue)波至岷江(jiang)河(he)口90.1km，赤(chi)水河(he)源至赤(chi)水河(he)河(he)口628.23km。其中(zhong)，核心(xin)區(qu)(qu)10803.5公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，緩沖區(qu)(qu)15804.6公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，實驗區(qu)(qu)6566.1公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。

保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)范(fan)(fan)圍涉及(ji)流(liu)(liu)經(jing)包括貴州、云南、四川和重(zhong)慶(qing)四省、市(shi)在內的(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)流(liu)(liu)域。長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)珍稀、特(te)有魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)國(guo)家級自然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)面積33174.2公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，核心區(qu)10803.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，緩沖區(qu)15804.6公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，實驗(yan)區(qu)6566.1公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，主要保(bao)護(hu)對象仍然(ran)為白鱘、達氏(shi)鱘、胭脂魚(yu)(yu)等長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)珍稀特(te)有魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)及(ji)其產卵場。范(fan)(fan)圍在東經(jing)104°9′至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)106°30′，北緯27°29′至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)29°4′之(zhi)間(jian)，包括建成后的(de)(de)金沙江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)向家壩(ba)水(shui)(shui)(shui)電站壩(ba)軸線下1.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里處至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)慶(qing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)馬桑(sang)溪江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)段，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度353.16公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里；赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)河(he)(he)源至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)河(he)(he)口，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度628.23公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里；岷(min)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)月波至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岷(min)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)(he)口，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度90.1公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里；越溪河(he)(he)下游(you)(you)(you)碼頭上(shang)(shang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謝家巖，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度32.1公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里；長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)寧河(he)(he)下游(you)(you)(you)古河(he)(he)鎮至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)安縣，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度13.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里，南廣(guang)河(he)(he)下游(you)(you)(you)落角星至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南廣(guang)鎮，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度6.18公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里；永(yong)寧河(he)(he)下游(you)(you)(you)渠壩(ba)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)永(yong)寧河(he)(he)口，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度20.63公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里；沱江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)下游(you)(you)(you)胡市(shi)鎮至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沱江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)(he)口，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度17.01公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里。調整后的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)設核心區(qu)5處，分別是：金沙江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)下游(you)(you)(you)三塊石以(yi)上(shang)(shang)500米至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)南溪鎮，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)彌陀(tuo)鎮至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)松既(ji)鎮，赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)干流(liu)(liu)上(shang)(shang)游(you)(you)(you)魚(yu)(yu)洞至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)白車村，赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)干流(liu)(liu)中游(you)(you)(you)五馬河(he)(he)口至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大同河(he)(he)口，赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)干流(liu)(liu)習(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)口至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赤(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)口。 [4]

保護對象

截至2009年，保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)水(shui)域分布有(you)魚類189種(zhong)(zhong)，屬(shu)9目21科99屬(shu)，浮游植物6門53屬(shu)，浮游動(dong)物51屬(shu)87種(zhong)(zhong)，維管束植物24屬(shu)33種(zhong)(zhong)，底棲(qi)動(dong)物40屬(shu)50種(zhong)(zhong)。長江上游珍(zhen)稀特(te)有(you)魚類國家(jia)級(ji)自然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)主要保(bao)護對象(xiang)是珍(zhen)稀特(te)有(you)魚類及其生境。保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)內屬(shu)于(yu)國家(jia)一級(ji)重點保(bao)護的(de)魚類2種(zhong)(zhong)，即白鱘(xun)、達氏鱘(xun)、二級(ji)重點保(bao)護的(de)1種(zhong)(zhong)，為(wei)胭脂魚。此外(wai)還有(you)長江上游特(te)有(you)魚類66種(zhong)(zhong)。

保護價值

為維護長江上游魚(yu)類種群(qun)多樣(yang)性和(he)長江上游自然生態環境，合理持續利用漁(yu)業資源，補(bu)救因(yin)水電工程建(jian)設和(he)經(jing)濟建(jian)設等(deng)人為因(yin)素(su)對自然生態系統造成的(de)影響，及時拯救長江上游瀕(bin)危魚(yu)類。

管理狀態

四川省(sheng)、貴州省(sheng)、云南省(sheng)、重慶市(shi)及有關市(shi)、縣都已設立了(le)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)管理(li)局（處、站），在農業部統一(yi)領導(dao)協調下開(kai)展(zhan)了(le)大量的(de)保(bao)護(hu)管理(li)工作。法律法規制(zhi)定、管護(hu)設施(shi)建設、漁民(min)轉(zhuan)產專業、珍稀(xi)特(te)有魚類(lei)增殖放流、保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)資源環境監測、社會經濟調查(cha)、科學(xue)研究等工作正全面(mian)有效開(kai)展(zhan)。

宜(yi)(yi)賓市在(zai)保護(hu)區范圍的區、縣(xian)(xian)有(you)二區四縣(xian)(xian)，分(fen)別是翠屏(ping)區、南溪區、屏(ping)山縣(xian)(xian)、宜(yi)(yi)賓縣(xian)(xian)、江安縣(xian)(xian)、長寧縣(xian)(xian)，宜(yi)(yi)賓市水產漁(yu)政局同時(shi)增掛國家級自然保護(hu)區管理處，全面管理轄區內保護(hu)區工作。

重慶(qing)段(duan)(duan)保護(hu)(hu)區機構(gou)設“一局、三處(chu)、兩站”。重慶(qing)保護(hu)(hu)區管理(li)(li)局依托(tuo)重慶(qing)市(shi)漁(yu)政漁(yu)港監督管理(li)(li)處(chu)建立。在長江(jiang)巴(ba)南區漁(yu)洞江(jiang)段(duan)(duan)設置(zhi)(zhi)“巴(ba)南管理(li)(li)處(chu)”，在長江(jiang)江(jiang)津市(shi)幾江(jiang)江(jiang)段(duan)(duan)設置(zhi)(zhi)“江(jiang)津管理(li)(li)處(chu)”，并分(fen)別在朱揚(yang)鎮、白沙鎮設置(zhi)(zhi)保護(hu)(hu)站，在長江(jiang)永川市(shi)松既鎮江(jiang)段(duan)(duan)設置(zhi)(zhi)“永川管理(li)(li)處(chu)”。管理(li)(li)機構(gou)人(ren)員編制共(gong)計32人(ren)。采用(yong)和(he)當地漁(yu)政部(bu)門(men)合署管理(li)(li)方(fang)式，實行“一套人(ren)馬，兩塊牌子”。