芒果视频下载

基本介紹

1937年(nian)洛川會議以后(hou)，西北青(qing)(qing)年(nian)訓練(lian)班(ban)(ban)從延(yan)安遷(qian)到涇陽，于1938年(nian)春遷(qian)至(zhi)此(ci)(ci)地，共舉辦了6期(qi)訓練(lian)班(ban)(ban)，畢業學員13000多人，培養了大批(pi)青(qing)(qing)年(nian)干部。1940年(nian)4月撤回延(yan)安。毛澤東為青(qing)(qing)訓班(ban)(ban)題詞，朱德親赴(fu)視察并作了題為《抗日形勢》的報告，林伯渠經常在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)講(jiang)課。青(qing)(qing)訓班(ban)(ban)班(ban)(ban)部設(she)在(zai)(zai)安吳寡婦周氏正院，現保(bao)存完(wan)好。

景點景觀

迎 祥 宮

位于涇(jing)陽縣安(an)(an)吳(wu)鎮安(an)(an)吳(wu)堡村(cun)。由門(men)(men)朝南,面(mian)闊三(san)間(jian),明間(jian)為大(da)門(men)(men)，兩(liang)側(ce)翼門(men)(men)較(jiao)窄。三(san)架(jia)梁，抬(tai)梁式結(jie)構(gou)。樂(le)樓和山門(men)(men)相連而建(jian)，坐南朝北,面(mian)闊三(san)間(jian),進(jin)深(shen)三(san)間(jian)。五(wu)架(jia)梁，抬(tai)梁式結(jie)構(gou)，山門(men)(men)楣間(jian)嵌匾石，陰刻(ke)楷書“迎(ying)祥(xiang)宮”三(san)字(zi)。樂(le)樓現存舞(wu)(wu)臺，三(san)側(ce)原有彩(cai)繪(hui)屏風(feng)(feng)，吊頂八卦藻井(jing)。內側(ce)有一(yi)本匾，陰刻(ke)草書“清(qing)歌妙舞(wu)(wu)”。山門(men)(men)、樂(le)樓柱(zhu)頭(tou)轉角(jiao)、補間(jian)均為五(wu)彩(cai)重昂斗拱，一(yi)斗三(san)升(sheng)。屏風(feng)(feng)枋板繪(hui)以(yi)蘇式彩(cai)繪(hui)。山門(men)(men)山墻(qiang)前伸，磚雕仿木椽出檐,上施布紋板、筒瓦、溝頭(tou)滴水。刷頭(tou)內側(ce)有大(da)量磚雕“萬字(zi)連珠”及(ji)花卉裝飾等(deng)(deng)。現存元至(zhi)十(shi)七年(nian)（1280）所立《并 建(jian)大(da)道迎(ying)祥(xiang)宮》碑一(yi)通立樂(le)樓前。據碑文(wen)記載(zai)，迎(ying)祥(xiang)宮系涇(jing)陽縣德(de)琳等(deng)(deng)選(xuan)地創建(jian)于元至(zhi)元年(nian)間(jian)。據當地人傳，清(qing)光緒(xu)末年(nian)，慈禧避難西安(an)(an)，安(an)(an)吳(wu)大(da)富商(shang)吳(wu)周氏為迎(ying)圣旨捐銀十(shi)萬錢，復修、擴建(jian)該(gai)宮。

望 月 樓

位于(yu)涇陽(yang)縣安吳(wu)鎮安吳(wu)堡吳(wu)氏莊園后。望(wang)月(yue)樓(lou)坐北朝南，面(mian)闊五間，進(jin)深三(san)間。一層(ceng)南有(you)廊(lang)，廊(lang)通(tong)(tong)東、西兩側(ce)，廊(lang)深一米(mi)。有(you)四門。圓拱磚卷(juan)門楣磚雕橫額“芭蕉(jiao)夜雨”等,磚卷(juan)圓拱頂(ding)。和上層(ceng)對應有(you)柱(zhu)處(chu)亦仿木(mu)柱(zhu)磚砌為圓柱(zhu)形。北側(ce)為樓(lou)梯(ti),通(tong)(tong)二樓(lou)。二層(ceng)為七架梁，抬梁式(shi)結構。廡殿式(shi)屋頂(ding)，施(shi)布紋板(ban)、筒(tong)瓦。該樓(lou)系(xi)吳(wu)周(zhou)氏之子(zi)于(yu)民(min)國初年(nian)所(suo)建，為吳(wu)氏花園中賞(shang)月(yue)納涼(liang)之用,因以(yi)為名。1985年(nian)，全部拆除重修(xiu)。1988年(nian)彩繪。

吳 氏 莊 園

吳(wu)氏(shi)莊園(yuan)位于涇陽縣安(an)吳(wu)鎮安(an)吳(wu)堡村。莊園(yuan)坐北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)南(nan)。建(jian)筑面(mian)(mian)積1012平(ping)方米。現存三(san)進(jin)(jin)院(yuan)落(luo)，依南(nan)北(bei)(bei)中軸(zhou)線排列。（1）門廳：面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)八間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)(jin)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。自東(dong)數(shu)第四間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)安(an)大門一(yi)(yi)合。（2）前院(yuan)東(dong)西廂(xiang)房(fang)：面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)(jin)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。（3）大廳：面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)五間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)(jin)深(shen)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。（4）過廳：面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)五間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)(jin)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。（5）后院(yuan)廂(xiang)房(fang)：東(dong)廂(xiang)房(fang)面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)(jin)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，西廂(xiang)房(fang)面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)(jin)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。(6)退廳：面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)五間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)(jin)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。此建(jian)筑無文獻記(ji)載。據傳吳(wu)氏(shi)家共(gong)有東(dong)、西、南(nan)、北(bei)(bei)、中五院(yuan),該(gai)院(yuan)為東(dong)院(yuan)之一(yi)(yi)部分。其中退廳為吳(wu)周氏(shi)住處

地理環境

位(wei)(wei)于(yu)涇陽(yang)縣安(an)(an)(an)吳(wu)鎮安(an)(an)(an)吳(wu)堡(bao)村。1937年“盧溝橋事變”后中(zhong)共中(zhong)央為(wei)(wei)(wei)抗戰需要，在涇陽(yang)縣云陽(yang)鎮籌(chou)建旨在培養青(qing)年干部(bu)(bu)、發展抗日力量(liang)的訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)（簡稱青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)）。青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)第四(si)期以后遷至安(an)(an)(an)吳(wu)鎮安(an)(an)(an)吳(wu)堡(bao)村，時稱安(an)(an)(an)吳(wu)青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)以吳(wu)氏莊(zhuang)園為(wei)(wei)(wei)活動中(zhong)心(xin)，其(qi)(qi)前(qian)部(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)領導(dao)機關班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)部(bu)(bu)，中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)會(hui)(hui)議室和(he)晚會(hui)(hui)處(chu)(chu)，后部(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)二連駐地(di)。望月樓為(wei)(wei)(wei)青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)副(fu)主任(ren)胡喬木及秘書處(chu)(chu)住(zhu)處(chu)(chu)，其(qi)(qi)東挑角樓為(wei)(wei)(wei)青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)主任(ren)馮文彬和(he)教務處(chu)(chu)住(zhu)處(chu)(chu)，其(qi)(qi)西(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)學員住(zhu)處(chu)(chu)，其(qi)(qi)南為(wei)(wei)(wei)衛生處(chu)(chu)和(he)一連住(zhu)處(chu)(chu)。大(da)(da)操場(chang)(chang)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)吳(wu)氏莊(zhuang)園門前(qian)，其(qi)(qi)西(xi)北角大(da)(da)榆樹上懸掛銅鐘，青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)作息以撞此鐘為(wei)(wei)(wei)號。迎祥宮(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)會(hui)(hui)場(chang)(chang)之(zhi)一，系(xi)排演節目和(he)舉辦晚會(hui)(hui)的場(chang)(chang)所(suo)。1940年4月，按(an)照(zhao)中(zhong)央指示，青(qing)訓(xun)(xun)班(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)全部(bu)(bu)撤離安(an)(an)(an)吳(wu)堡(bao)。

歷史沿革

吳 周 氏：

（1868—1910），清涇陽(yang)縣(xian)魯橋鎮孟店(dian)村（今屬(shu)三原縣(xian)）人(ren)，女(nv)，地方財(cai)閥。娘家(jia)為(wei)名(ming)門(men)世族。17歲時出(chu)嫁涇陽(yang)縣(xian)安吳鎮安吳堡村吳家(jia)，丈夫吳聘(pin)因染疾不愈(yu)，婚(hun)后(hou)數日死去，因吳家(jia)無(wu)男丁承嗣，吳周(zhou)(zhou)氏成(cheng)為(wei)吳家(jia)惟一繼(ji)承人(ren)，此后(hou)吳周(zhou)(zhou)氏即(ji)被稱為(wei)“安吳寡(gua)婦”。

其(qi)婆家(jia)(jia)(jia)祖先，唐朝(chao)時由江蘇(su)(su)遷來，為(wei)(wei)確(que)保后(hou)輩永遠安(an)(an)寧，遂將住地(di)起(qi)名(ming)“安(an)(an)吳(wu)(wu)”。后(hou)歷(li)各(ge)(ge)朝(chao)，子(zi)孫繁衍，至清(qing)初興盛(sheng)發(fa)達(da)起(qi)來。其(qi)時吳(wu)(wu)氏(shi)(shi)兄弟分為(wei)(wei)東、西(xi)(xi)、南、北(bei)(bei)、中五大(da)(da)(da)(da)家(jia)(jia)(jia)，又(you)稱五大(da)(da)(da)(da)院，以(yi)東院最為(wei)(wei)興旺。吳(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)氏(shi)(shi)婆家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)曾祖父吳(wu)(wu)恒(heng)德即(ji)是東院人(ren)(ren)。及至祖父吳(wu)(wu)萼(e)軒(xuan)（字汝英），在(zai)甘肅涼(liang)州(zhou)一帶經(jing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)獲利,用(yong)(yong)(yong)銀(yin)子(zi)捐(juan)得(de)“誥授(shou)武(wu)德騎尉衛(wei)守府(fu)”的(de)(de)官(guan)銜。公(gong)公(gong)尉文(wen)（字漢章）時，一方面(mian)(mian)續(xu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)銀(yin)子(zi)捐(juan)官(guan)，先后(hou)任(ren)湖北(bei)(bei)后(hou)補道臺(tai)、山西(xi)(xi)寧武(wu)知府(fu)等(deng)職;另一方面(mian)(mian)憑借辦理(li)淮鹽(yan)鹽(yan)務(wu)(在(zai)戶部(bu)注冊，承辦江蘇(su)(su)、江西(xi)(xi)、安(an)(an)徽等(deng)省鹽(yan)業的(de)(de)專賣權）、掌握數(shu)百鹽(yan)引（即(ji)朝(chao)廷發(fa)給的(de)(de)鹽(yan)業專賣執照）之(zhi)便，在(zai)揚州(zhou)設立(li)鹽(yan)務(wu)總號“裕(yu)隆(long)全(quan)”，各(ge)(ge)地(di)設立(li)分號，一年就(jiu)有數(shu)百萬(wan)兩(liang)銀(yin)子(zi)收入(ru)(ru)，成為(wei)(wei)遠近聞名(ming)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)鹽(yan)商(shang)(shang)(shang)。光緒丙子(zi)年（1876）尉文(wen)去世，吳(wu)(wu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)商(shang)(shang)(shang)業開始衰敗。吳(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)氏(shi)(shi)來吳(wu)(wu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)接管家(jia)(jia)(jia)事(shi)(shi)后(hou)，“垂簾聽政(zheng)”，精(jing)(jing)明用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)，勤于算計，極(ji)(ji)盡理(li)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)聚財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)之(zhi)能事(shi)(shi)，使吳(wu)(wu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)商(shang)(shang)(shang)業又(you)迅速走(zou)向繁榮興旺。吳(wu)(wu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)原有產業如江蘇(su)(su)、江西(xi)(xi)、安(an)(an)徽等(deng)省淮鹽(yan)經(jing)營(ying)繼(ji)續(xu)得(de)以(yi)維(wei)持，又(you)先后(hou)在(zai)湖北(bei)(bei)、上海、四川、重慶(qing)、甘肅及陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)各(ge)(ge)地(di)設立(li)很(hen)多商(shang)(shang)(shang)號，各(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)商(shang)(shang)(shang)埠、碼頭(tou)都(dou)有吳(wu)(wu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)生意(yi)，勢(shi)力(li)逐漸擴張(zhang)，當(dang)時民間流傳一句話“吳(wu)(wu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)伙計走(zou)州(zhou)過縣，不(bu)(bu)吃(chi)別家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)飯，不(bu)(bu)住別家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)店”,形容(rong)其(qi)實(shi)力(li)雄厚。吳(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)氏(shi)(shi)憑借龐大(da)(da)(da)(da)資本和官(guan)商(shang)(shang)(shang)勢(shi)力(li),壟斷居奇，巧取豪(hao)奪，在(zai)生意(yi)興隆(long)時期(qi)(1890—1900)聚集了(le)大(da)(da)(da)(da)量財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)富。她在(zai)安(an)(an)吳(wu)(wu)堡內(nei)仿效北(bei)(bei)京紫禁城格局，營(ying)建(jian)工程浩大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)豪(hao)華住宅(zhai)，廳堂(tang)陳設都(dou)是當(dang)時極(ji)(ji)品(pin)，日常起(qi)居也(ye)極(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)富貴奢華，仆役人(ren)(ren)數(shu)達(da)2000余人(ren)(ren)，全(quan)年花費十余萬(wan)銀(yin)兩(liang)。隨著(zhu)財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產不(bu)(bu)斷增加，吳(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)氏(shi)(shi)謀求取得(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)地(di)位(wei)。光緒庚子(zi)年（1900）,八國(guo)聯軍侵入(ru)(ru)北(bei)(bei)京,慈(ci)禧(xi)太(tai)后(hou)倉皇逃到西(xi)(xi)安(an)(an)避難(nan)，吳(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)氏(shi)(shi)趁機以(yi)“助(zhu)紓國(guo)難(nan)”名(ming)義，向慈(ci)禧(xi)太(tai)后(hou)貢(gong)銀(yin)十萬(wan)兩(liang)。慈(ci)禧(xi)嘉許其(qi)舉，誥封二品(pin)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)（吳(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)氏(shi)(shi)死后(hou)被(bei)誥贈一品(pin)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)）,賜(si)御筆(bi)親書“護國(guo)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)”的(de)(de)金字牌匾(bian)。吳(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)氏(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)顯(xian)示榮耀(yao)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)肆鋪(pu)張(zhang),上演大(da)(da)(da)(da)戲三天三夜。此時她躋身皇帝國(guo)戚,聲名(ming)顯(xian)赫，是一生中鼎盛(sheng)時期(qi)。吳(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)氏(shi)(shi)亦曾為(wei)(wei)賑(zhen)濟災民、修建(jian)文(wen)廟等(deng)公(gong)益事(shi)(shi)業捐(juan)助(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)筆(bi)銀(yin)兩(liang)。守寡20余年，運用(yong)(yong)(yong)聚財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)博名(ming)的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)明手(shou)段(duan)，使吳(wu)(wu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)成為(wei)(wei)關中著(zhu)名(ming)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)家(jia)(jia)(jia)望族，本人(ren)(ren)亦被(bei)民間視為(wei)(wei)“活財(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)神”。終年42歲。