至今,全村(cun)已有羅(luo)姓村(cun)民近600戶,3700余人,主要(yao)分布在羅(luo)屋(wu)一帶,并以(yi)羅(luo)屋(wu)為中軸線,由東往西(xi)延伸發展。屋(wu)宇多為坐(zuo)北朝(chao)南,面對南邊的(de)水(shui)口(kou),據說這(zhe)是先人“依山造屋(wu),傍水(shui)結村(cun)”而成,有“背山面水(shui),負陰抱陽”之勢(shi)。四(si)(si)座古(gu)“風(feng)水(shui)塔(ta)”依東、南、西(xi)、北四(si)(si)個方向建在遠處山頂上,猶如四(si)(si)道屏障,緊(jin)護著密(mi)溪村(cun)。
密溪現(xian)存(cun)(cun)近百幢(chuang)大大小(xiao)(xiao)小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)古民居,多(duo)(duo)為明清時期(qi)所建,規模宏大的(de)主要有(you)羅氏大宗(zong)(zong)祠(ci)、羅應文(wen)公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)、應宗(zong)(zong)公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)、石(shi)泉公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)、淳(chun)夫公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)、皋澤公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)、密峰太(tai)公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)等十幾處,一(yi)(yi)(yi)般占地面(mian)積都有(you)三(san)四百平方(fang)米(mi)左右;大小(xiao)(xiao)不一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)私廳(ting)(ting)、私宅,則如星羅棋布,眾星拱(gong)月(yue)般地散布在村內(nei)(nei)。結構(gou)多(duo)(duo)為磚木(mu),也有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些祠(ci)廳(ting)(ting)全(quan)用木(mu)料構(gou)建,大部分屋頂都是(shi)兩(liang)面(mian)坡下水的(de)歇山頂或(huo)硬山頂式,許(xu)多(duo)(duo)隔(ge)間垛墻都上(shang)瓦端,突出檐外(wai),昂首飛翹,頗有(you)動感。據(ju)譜(pu)載,密溪晚清前(qian)還(huan)曾設圩(wei)(wei)市(shi),每逢圩(wei)(wei)日(ri)之時就人(ren)聲(sheng)鼎(ding)沸,商賈云集,后因戰亂而(er)廢圩(wei)(wei)。但至今天(tian)仍可(ke)以從遺(yi)存(cun)(cun)的(de)兩(liang)條相互貫通(tong)、繞羅屋而(er)行的(de)石(shi)板巷(xiang)道和寬(kuan)大的(de)內(nei)(nei)圍磚拱(gong)門(men)及(ji)圩(wei)(wei)街(jie)遺(yi)跡,仍可(ke)看(kan)出當年圩(wei)(wei)市(shi)的(de)影子。
密溪古民(min)居的(de)(de)建筑裝飾藝術(shu),堪稱一(yi)(yi)絕。如(ru)羅(luo)氏大(da)宗祠(ci),大(da)門(men)(men)兩側一(yi)(yi)排明(ming)清碑刻(ke)(ke),青(qing)石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)臺階兩端屹立著(zhu)一(yi)(yi)對(dui)威(wei)武(wu)的(de)(de)大(da)石(shi)(shi)獅(shi),門(men)(men)檻邊一(yi)(yi)對(dui)精雕(diao)細琢的(de)(de)榮鼓(gu)石(shi)(shi),高(gao)(gao)大(da)雄偉的(de)(de)木門(men)(men)廊上高(gao)(gao)懸(xuan)金字匾額(e),祠(ci)堂內外的(de)(de)木立柱、頂棚、雀替、挑(tiao)(tiao)檐和(he)斗(dou)拱(gong)上都(dou)(dou)巧妙地裝飾有(you)多(duo)種(zhong)手法雕(diao)刻(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)圖(tu)案(an),在(zai)木構(gou)(gou)件(jian)上有(you)多(duo)處層(ceng)層(ceng)累疊伸挑(tiao)(tiao)。使(shi)人贊嘆(tan)不(bu)(bu)絕的(de)(de)是門(men)(men)廊頂部天花板(ban)(ban)上鑲嵌著(zhu)一(yi)(yi)幅由近百幅龍(long)鳳、瑞獸和(he)花卉圖(tu)案(an)的(de)(de)雕(diao)板(ban)(ban),均以深浮雕(diao)、鏤雕(diao)等(deng)精湛工藝手法雕(diao)就,形(xing)態栩(xu)(xu)栩(xu)(xu)如(ru)生,構(gou)(gou)圖(tu)嚴謹,寓意深邃,未見(jian)雷同。祠(ci)堂內的(de)(de)柱梁斗(dou)拱(gong)之(zhi)間保(bao)(bao)存有(you)不(bu)(bu)少繪(hui)畫,上廳天花板(ban)(ban)上又鑲嵌著(zhu)兩對(dui)倒立的(de)(de)木雕(diao)描金獅(shi)子(zi),宛若(ruo)在(zai)活蹦亂(luan)跳。其它宗祠(ci)在(zai)裝飾藝術(shu)上既獨具(ju)風格,又有(you)相(xiang)似之(zhi)處,有(you)很多(duo)上下(xia)廳屏風、花格、門(men)(men)楣和(he)柱礎的(de)(de)設計及雕(diao)刻(ke)(ke)都(dou)(dou)很有(you)藝術(shu)性。另外,至今保(bao)(bao)存尚好的(de)(de)兩座(zuo)明(ming)清牌坊(fang)(fang)也同樣(yang)顯示出(chu)其制作上的(de)(de)獨具(ju)匠心。木牌坊(fang)(fang)始建于明(ming)天順3年(1459),是奉(feng)旨為旌表賑糧濟民(min)的(de)(de)羅(luo)孟穩而建的(de)(de),匾額(e)曰“善行流(liu)芳”,它倚古巷道而立,坊(fang)(fang)高(gao)(gao)6米,坊(fang)(fang)頂由數百個棱形(xing)木格交織重疊而成蜂(feng)窩狀,結(jie)構(gou)(gou)復雜;上面蓋瓦(wa),還可(ke)供行人避雨遮陰。此(ci)類木牌坊(fang)(fang)在(zai)省內罕見(jian)。另一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)石(shi)(shi)牌坊(fang)(fang)系清乾隆13年(1748)所建,用17塊大(da)型青(qing)條石(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)構(gou)(gou)成三門(men)(men)洞(dong)武(wu)式的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang),第二層(ceng)匾曰“節(jie)孝”,署有(you)奉(feng)旨籌建者兵部右(you)侍(shi)郎兼(jian)都(dou)(dou)察院右(you)副都(dou)(dou)御(yu)使(shi)史德(de)沸等(deng)諸官名字,坊(fang)(fang)石(shi)(shi)上保(bao)(bao)留著(zhu)龍(long)首龍(long)尾和(he)八(ba)仙過海等(deng)浮雕(diao)圖(tu)案(an)。
密溪村古建(jian)筑群(qun),雖不(bu)是(shi)皇家住宅,然(ran)而,在(zai)夕陽斜(xie)暉、乳(ru)燕(yan)紛飛的暮色中,不(bu)由使人(ren)產生一(yi)種憑(ping)吊歷史(shi)遺物的感傷和感慨。這處斑駁的古老建(jian)筑群(qun),同(tong)樣(yang)浸透(tou)著歷史(shi)變遷(qian)和世事興衰的滄桑,同(tong)樣(yang)是(shi)中華民族傳(chuan)統社會和傳(chuan)統文明(ming)的一(yi)份(fen)難得(de)的見證和瑞金市珍貴的歷史(shi)遺產。
密(mi)溪村(cun)(cun)隸屬(shu)于(yu)九(jiu)堡鎮,處(chu)于(yu)市區(qu)西北約(yue)30公(gong)里(li)處(chu)。位(wei)于(yu)九(jiu)堡鎮東(dong)北方(fang)向12公(gong)里(li)處(chu)。密(mi)溪村(cun)(cun)東(dong)西分別(bie)與(yu)大柏(bo)地鄉,岡面(mian)鄉接壤(rang),北面(mian)與(yu)寧都縣交界,南臨(lin)環溪水庫及本鎮富田、富村(cun)(cun)兩個行政(zheng)村(cun)(cun),總(zong)面(mian)積6平方(fang)公(gong)里(li),有耕地1560畝,山林29800畝,有村(cun)(cun)民小(xiao)組21個,境(jing)內現有630戶(hu)(hu),3120人(ren)。羅姓(xing)3100人(ren)占總(zong)人(ren)數(shu)99。4%。全村(cun)(cun)僅有4戶(hu)(hu)外姓(xing)人(ren)家,其中王姓(xing)2戶(hu)(hu),鐘(zhong)姓(xing)1戶(hu)(hu),譚姓(xing)1戶(hu)(hu),2007年人(ren)均收(shou)入(ru)3200元。
密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)屋(wu)原本為王,宋二(er)姓(xing)所居(ju),據(ju)密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)六(liu)(liu)修族譜(pu)記(ji)(ji)載。密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)始祖“念(nian)四(si)郎(lang)”本為興國白石人(ren),其曾祖父“真三郎(lang)”是(shi)由寧都大布遷往(wang)(wang)興國定(ding)居(ju)的。在(zai)宋高(gao)宗(zong)咸淳年間“念(nian)四(si)郎(lang)父子”往(wang)(wang)來(lai)于(yu)瑞金(jin)、寧都經商,途經九堡密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)。念(nian)四(si)朗(lang)看到群山環(huan)繞,綠水環(huan)抱的密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)塊居(ju)住的風(feng)水室地,便舉家(jia)義無(wu)返顧地遷到了密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)。“密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)公見密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)山水明秀,遂家(jia)于(yu)是(shi),積功累德,保世滋大,代(dai)起簪(zan)纓,為瑞邑之(zhi)望族。”在(zai)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)始祖遷至密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)之(zhi)時,正(zheng)是(shi)密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)土著王、宋兩姓(xing)衷敗之(zhi)際,到了元朝(chao)初年,二(er)姓(xing)的田產已全部(bu)賣給羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi),至此(ci),羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)始在(zai)密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)站穩腳根(gen),繁衍生息,《密(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)六(liu)(liu)修族譜(pu)》對(dui)此(ci)有較(jiao)為詳細的記(ji)(ji)載:
“密(mi)溪之(zhi)(zhi)地當吾祖遷時,原有王(wang)(wang)宋(song)(song)兩(liang)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)居(ju)(ju)此(ci),王(wang)(wang)處東境(jing),西(xi)向今金(jin)盆形(xing)麓下田(tian)是(shi)也,宋(song)(song)居(ju)(ju)東北境(jing),南(nan)向今宋(song)(song)屋田(tian)是(shi)也,二(er)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)皆(jie)土(tu)著(zhu),在隋唐五代間頗稱殷富(fu),本境(jing)數千畝(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)田(tian),及(ji)前后(hou)左右十(shi)余里之(zhi)(zhi)山,皆(jie)兩(liang)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)業,以本境(jing)中(zhong)小(xiao)溪為界,王(wang)(wang)業居(ju)(ju)溪之(zhi)(zhi)東,宋(song)(song)業居(ju)(ju)溪之(zhi)(zhi)西(xi),及(ji)宋(song)(song)南(nan)渡(du)后(hou),兩(liang)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)漸衰落,吾祖寓至此(ci),因宋(song)(song)宅前案百步田(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)有兩(liang)阜(fu),一(yi)直(zhi)一(yi)橫(heng),皆(jie)荊(jing)棘(ji)所(suo)叢(cong),蛇(she)虺所(suo)穴,吾祖于直(zhi)構室,橫(heng)安墳(fen),兩(liang)戶(hu)皆(jie)中(zhong)高四下,形(xing)家表為風吹羅帶形(xing)。二(er)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)日微,吾祖施(shi)德(de)行仁,勤儉積累(lei),家益以興,本境(jing)田(tian)畝(mu)前后(hou)陸續歸鬻(yu)。
吾祖至元初,吾祖已成戶入籍,十里(li)長屬羅,兩姓田既賣(mai)盡,復將(jiang)前后十余里(li)之荒(huang)山,王(wang)姓一契(qi)(qi)賣(mai)東邊,宋姓一契(qi)(qi)賣(mai)西邊……”
羅(luo)(luo)氏(shi)在密(mi)溪(xi)落腳之后,其家(jia)(jia)族(zu)(zu)的發展經歷了一個頗為漫(man)長而曲折的過(guo)程,從族(zu)(zu)譜所(suo)載人口數(shu)字(zi)的消長,以及《密(mi)溪(xi)羅(luo)(luo)氏(shi)六修族(zu)(zu)譜·興(xing)替記》來看(kan),羅(luo)(luo)氏(shi)宗族(zu)(zu)幾(ji)起幾(ji)落,數(shu)度為兵匪所(suo)劫,羅(luo)(luo)氏(shi)多年的積累是:“家(jia)(jia)財(cai)馨(xin)洗(xi),人物調(diao)謝”不難想象,羅(luo)(luo)氏(shi)宗族(zu)(zu)背后所(suo)隱含的辛(xin)酸開(kai)拓史,真(zhen)可謂篳路藍縷(lv)。
念四郎(lang)攜兩兒子(zi)(zi)定(ding)居(ju)密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),兩兒子(zi)(zi)為(wei)明(ming)亮、明(ming)善(shan)。明(ming)善(shan)傳至(zhi)第五(wu)(wu)代即(ji)無(wu)(wu)后人(ren),明(ming)亮生(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)兩個兒子(zi)(zi),應(ying)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)、應(ying)文(wen)。自應(ying)宗(zong)(zong)(zong),應(ying)文(wen)之(zhi)后,密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)分為(wei)東西兩房(fang)(fang)(fang),應(ying)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)為(wei)西房(fang)(fang)(fang),應(ying)文(wen)為(wei)東房(fang)(fang)(fang)。雍正(zheng)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1725),東房(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)后代子(zi)(zi)孫在羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)大宗(zong)(zong)(zong)祠(ci)左側(ce)建有(you)(you)(you)(you)應(ying)文(wen)公祠(ci),作為(wei)東房(fang)(fang)(fang)鼻祖(zu)之(zhi)祠(ci)。雍正(zheng)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1730), 西房(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)后代子(zi)(zi)孫在羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)大宗(zong)(zong)(zong)祠(ci)右側(ce)建立應(ying)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)公祠(ci),作為(wei)密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)西房(fang)(fang)(fang)鼻祖(zu)之(zhi)祠(ci)。隨著時間的(de)推移密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)人(ren)口(kou)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)增加,到(dao)光(guang)緒三十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六(liu)修(xiu)(xiu)族(zu)譜(pu)(pu)時,密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)男女老(lao)少人(ren)口(kou)已(yi)達六(liu)、七(qi)(qi)千人(ren)“……以密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)之(zhi)大,距五(wu)(wu)修(xiu)(xiu)(族(zu)譜(pu)(pu))也又(you)六(liu)十(shi)余年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)久。人(ren)口(kou)且六(liu)七(qi)(qi)千計……。在此(ci)其(qi)間,不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)從密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)徙到(dao)別處,如遷(qian)(qian)(qian)到(dao)九堡鎮(zhen)官倉、瑞(rui)金瑞(rui)林鎮(zhen),更(geng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)遠遷(qian)(qian)(qian)至(zhi)江西宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)市的(de)。從密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)出(chu)的(de)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi),一(yi)開始還和九堡密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)聯(lian)(lian)系較為(wei)緊密(mi)(mi),慢慢地(di)聯(lian)(lian)系越來(lai)越少,有(you)(you)(you)(you)許多則幾乎(hu)中(zhong)止(zhi)了聯(lian)(lian)系。以從密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)往(wang)宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)地(di)市的(de)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)一(yi)支為(wei)例,這(zhe)支羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)于前清乾(qian)隆年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間遷(qian)(qian)(qian)往(wang)宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun),在《密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)六(liu)修(xiu)(xiu)族(zu)譜(pu)(pu)》中(zhong)還繪有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)幅(fu)“袁州(zhou)府宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)縣郝家西村之(zhi)茂(mao)(mao)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)居(ju)屋(wu)宇圖(tu)”,1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),當(dang)密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)族(zu)準備第七(qi)(qi)次(ci)修(xiu)(xiu)譜(pu)(pu)時,其(qi)編委成員羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)振波試探性(xing)地(di)給江西宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)市宣傳部寫了一(yi)封(feng)信,請求查明(ming)瑞(rui)金密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)往(wang)宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)的(de)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)家族(zu)情況,不(bu)(bu)久,宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)派(pai)人(ren)來(lai)瑞(rui)金密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)訪(fang)親,查閱光(guang)緒三十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)《密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)六(liu)修(xiu)(xiu)族(zu)譜(pu)(pu)》宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)尚(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)位老(lao)者在六(liu)修(xiu)(xiu)族(zu)譜(pu)(pu)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)名字記(ji)載。在此(ci)之(zhi)前,宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)也曾派(pai)人(ren)多次(ci)到(dao)贛(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)尋找祖(zu)地(di)但都無(wu)(wu)果而終,他們只聽祖(zu)輩們說(shuo)來(lai)自贛(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan),但具體在贛(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)什(shen)么地(di)方(fang)就不(bu)(bu)得(de)而知(zhi)了。對(dui)于宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi),《密(mi)(mi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)(shi)七(qi)(qi)修(xiu)(xiu)族(zu)譜(pu)(pu)》還有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)段這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)記(ji)載:“江西宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun),城東家人(ren),四面工廠,電網高(gao)掛,公路鐵路,日夜通車,山清水秀(xiu),地(di)理可(ke)佳,我(wo)之(zhi)茂(mao)(mao)公,本在瑞(rui)金,乾(qian)隆中(zhong)葉,遷(qian)(qian)(qian)來(lai)宜(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun),定(ding)居(ju)于此(ci),二(er)百余年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),生(sheng)生(sheng)繁衍,子(zi)(zi)孫興盛,六(liu)十(shi)余戶,三百多人(ren),種田經(jing)商,又(you)工又(you)農,艱苦創(chuang)業(ye),大揚祖(zu)業(ye),奔小康(kang)路,萬世無(wu)(wu)窮。”
從族譜記載的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)口來(lai)看,在(zai)(zai)許多代中(zhong)(zhong),羅(luo)氏男丁(ding)均有(you)(you)五(wu),六人(ren)(ren),甚至上(shang)十人(ren)(ren),但是(shi)真正傳有(you)(you)后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)并(bing)不(bu)多,以(yi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)房(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)例(li),應文生(sheng)有(you)(you)四(si)子(zi),世(shi)(shi)英(ying)(ying)、富英(ying)(ying)、德英(ying)(ying)、本(ben)英(ying)(ying),只有(you)(you)德英(ying)(ying)、本(ben)英(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)密(mi)溪(xi)有(you)(you)后(hou)(hou),其它均無(wu)(wu)(wu)后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren),或(huo)遷(qian)居別處(chu),德英(ying)(ying)生(sheng)有(you)(you)三(san)子(zi),孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)和(he)、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)穩、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)程。孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)穩無(wu)(wu)(wu)后(hou)(hou),或(huo)遷(qian)居別處(chu)。孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)和(he)、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)程在(zai)(zai)密(mi)溪(xi)有(you)(you)后(hou)(hou)。本(ben)英(ying)(ying)生(sheng)有(you)(you)六子(zi),孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)恭、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)寬、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)信(xin)、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)敏、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)惠、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)欽,孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)恭、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)寬無(wu)(wu)(wu)后(hou)(hou),或(huo)遷(qian)居別處(chu),孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)信(xin)、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)敏、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)惠、孟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)欽在(zai)(zai)密(mi)溪(xi)有(you)(you)后(hou)(hou)。對于這一(yi)時期家(jia)(jia)庭的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)態,基本(ben)上(shang)屬(shu)于由(you)多個(ge)核心(xin)家(jia)(jia)庭組(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)擴大家(jia)(jia)庭。這種家(jia)(jia)庭的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式有(you)(you)利于處(chu)于初級階(jie)段的(de)(de)(de)家(jia)(jia)族的(de)(de)(de)成長(chang),家(jia)(jia)庭之間可以(yi)在(zai)(zai)非常時期相互利用人(ren)(ren)力資源,而(er)在(zai)(zai)村(cun)落資源不(bu)敷供(gong)給時,又(you)有(you)(you)一(yi)些家(jia)(jia)庭被迫遷(qian)往外地定(ding)居。 密(mi)溪(xi)羅(luo)氏在(zai)(zai)分(fen)東(dong)(dong)(dong)房(fang)、西房(fang)后(hou)(hou)沒有(you)(you)再開大的(de)(de)(de)支房(fang),但是(shi)在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)口和(he)經濟(ji)實力發展,到較(jiao)好的(de)(de)(de)清朝中(zhong)(zhong)葉時期,東(dong)(dong)(dong)房(fang)、西房(fang)在(zai)(zai)各(ge)自的(de)(de)(de)支房(fang)內部又(you)興(xing)建了(le)(le)幾個(ge)祠(ci)堂以(yi)祭(ji)祀(si)他們的(de)(de)(de)祖先。如康熙五(wu)十六年(1718),在(zai)(zai)離(li)羅(luo)氏大宗祠(ci)不(bu)遠的(de)(de)(de)地方,東(dong)(dong)(dong)房(fang)九世(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)興(xing)建了(le)(le)東(dong)(dong)(dong)塘(tang)公祠(ci)以(yi)紀(ji)念東(dong)(dong)(dong)塘(tang)公。以(yi)此作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)九世(shi)(shi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)房(fang)分(fen)支祖祠(ci)。雍正十二年(1734),西房(fang)九世(shi)(shi)石泉公的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)在(zai)(zai)羅(luo)氏大宗祠(ci)的(de)(de)(de)左側興(xing)建了(le)(le)石泉公祠(ci),作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)第九代西房(fang)分(fen)支之祖祠(ci)。乾(qian)隆四(si)十七年(1782)東(dong)(dong)(dong)房(fang)八世(shi)(shi)之淳(chun)夫公后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)在(zai)(zai)應文公祠(ci)左側建立了(le)(le)淳(chun)夫公祠(ci),作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)房(fang)八世(shi)(shi)支房(fang)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)祖祠(ci)。有(you)(you)明一(yi)代,密(mi)溪(xi)羅(luo)氏所出(chu)人(ren)(ren)才不(bu)多,在(zai)(zai)瑞金縣志記載的(de)(de)(de)僅有(you)(you)羅(luo)汝潔,其在(zai)(zai)明成化年間曾(ceng)任(ren)廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)莞知縣。
密溪羅(luo)氏發(fa)展到(dao)明(ming)末清(qing)初時,歷經數度劫難,后(hou)又數度興起,第一次大的劫難在(zai)明(ming)嘉靖未(wei)(wei)年,“比嘉靖未(wei)(wei)年,葉寇播(bo)氛。剽(piao)掠四出,家財罄洗,人物凋(diao)謝。僅(jin)余屋(wu)基山(shan)崗。其門莊田產典賣殆盡,一姓錢糧正存數石(shi)。幸十世、十一世兩(liang)代祖先,奮(fen)志(zhi)懨拓。崇節儉,勤(qin)稼穡,業(ye)諄書,修祀典,日(ri)漸光大。景昔田產,既盡贖回,糧石(shi)益增。”
密溪羅氏遭(zao)受(shou)第一次劫難(nan)以后(hou),經十世的(de)(de)一派,十一世的(de)(de)文派的(de)(de)勤奮,節儉,家族(zu)再次興旺起(qi)來(lai)。
明清鼎(ding)革之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際,中華(hua)大(da)地處(chu)于一片混亂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,密溪所處(chu)的贛(gan)南地區也不(bu)例外。在(zai)這種大(da)的動蕩(dang)的背景下,密溪村(cun)(cun)再次遭遇劫難。“未幾(ji),明季鼎(ding)革,土寇猖厥,焚屋劫村(cun)(cun),廬舍邱墟,田園荒蕪(wu)。千余丁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)男(nan)女(nv),竄(cuan)伏(fu)流(liu)離,數百(bai)年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文契一日(ri)失守。抑(yi)又衰矣!”
據(ju)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)中老者羅(luo)振波介紹:在大(da)清(qing)順治十(shi)年(1653),瑞金大(da)柏地鄉梟首陳其綸及其匪眾(zhong)被政府官(guan)兵所追擊(ji),竄入(ru)密溪村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),該村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)的一個村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)好心地把(ba)他們(men)帶到一個極為(wei)隱蔽的村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)邊的巖(yan)(yan)洞(dong)(dong)中躲藏,官(guan)兵到村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)內(nei)尋而未(wei)果,不久(jiu)撤離。不久(jiu),那些曾經獲得過村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)的流寇糾合其同(tong)黨(dang),圍攻(gong)密溪村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)紛紛躲進巖(yan)(yan)洞(dong)(dong)內(nei),但是流寇此時(shi)已(yi)經知道通(tong)往巖(yan)(yan)洞(dong)(dong)的秘(mi)密通(tong)道。后(hou)來巖(yan)(yan)洞(dong)(dong)防線被攻(gong)破(po),村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)死傷一百多(duo)人,抓(zhua)走人質數百人。直到今天,到那個叫棺材巖(yan)(yan)下(xia)還能發現許多(duo)殘(can)留的遺(yi)骸。關(guan)于這次明(ming)(ming)末清(qing)初的民(min)(min)變在《瑞金縣志》上(shang)亦有記載(zai):“1650年僧超(chao)忠(zhong)據(ju)銅缽山,陳其綸據(ju)大(da)柏地,許勝可聯合福建鄉民(min)(min)劉芳(fang)、羅(luo)承俊據(ju)羅(luo)漢巖(yan)(yan),掀(xian)起反(fan)清(qing)斗爭浪潮(chao)。歷時(shi)五年,始(shi)被清(qing)廷(ting)鎮壓下(xia)去。”“崇禎十(shi)五年,廣賊閻王總,剮刀總、番天總,豬婆總凡十(shi)余(yu)種,流動各縣村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)落(luo),瑞金各村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)落(luo)被其沿劫。明(ming)(ming)年,攻(gong)破(po)安遠及石城諸寨”
筆者認為,考(kao)察家(jia)族(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)生存與發(fa)展,應(ying)考(kao)慮家(jia)族(zu)(zu)所處(chu)的(de)(de)歷(li)史時代背景。贛南地(di)處(chu)福建、江西、湖南、廣(guang)(guang)東四省(sheng)的(de)(de)交(jiao)界處(chu),境(jing)內(nei)山巒疊(die)嶂,自古(gu)為匪盜常出(chu)沒的(de)(de)地(di)方。從(cong)“明洪武十八年(1385),廣(guang)(guang)寇周三官(guan)作亂,瑞(rui)金(jin)人民逃竄,田地(di)荒蕪”至“(崇禎)十五年,廣(guang)(guang)賊閻王總(zong),剮刀總(zong),番無總(zong),豬(zhu)婆(po)總(zong)凡十余(yu)種,流劫各(ge)縣村(cun)落(luo),瑞(rui)金(jin)各(ge)村(cun)落(luo)被其(qi)沿(yan)劫。”止(zhi)瑞(rui)金(jin)共發(fa)生了18起(qi)大(da)的(de)(de)戰(zhan)亂,其(qi)中明嘉(jia)靖年間(jian)就發(fa)生八次大(da)的(de)(de)戰(zhan)亂。
此后,經(jing)(jing)(jing)密溪羅氏(shi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二世(shi)(shi)、十(shi)(shi)(shi)三世(shi)(shi)萬(wan)派(pai)、肇派(pai)的(de)勵精圖治,經(jing)(jing)(jing)過(guo)幾十(shi)(shi)(shi)年的(de)苦(ku)心經(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying),羅氏(shi)宗族才(cai)再度興旺起來“賴(lai)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二世(shi)(shi)、十(shi)(shi)(shi)三世(shi)(shi)萬(wan)派(pai)、肇派(pai),恢宏先業,務農濟(ji)物,合(he)族之棟宇重新,各房之蒸嘗(chang)編立(li)。更筑(zhu)文運外(wai)閣,復新東平廟宇,錢糧戶(hu)口(kou)視昔加倍。”
雍正年(nian)(nian)(nian)間,清(qing)(qing)(qing)政府采取“地丁(ding)(ding)合一(yi)”、“攤丁(ding)(ding)入(ru)(ru)畝”的辦法,賦役(yi)的重(zhong)點(dian)由人(ren)身轉移到土地,這樣,封建(jian)王(wang)朝(chao)一(yi)直以(yi)來(lai)對人(ren)身的限制得到了(le)極(ji)大(da)的解脫,人(ren)口(kou)的發(fa)展便日趨膨脹。從清(qing)(qing)(qing)朝(chao)初年(nian)(nian)(nian)“國朝(chao),原(yuan)額人(ren)丁(ding)(ding)戶(hu)口(kou)二(er)(er)(er)千(qian)一(yi)百一(yi)丁(ding)(ding)口(kou),內優免(mian)人(ren)了(le)五百二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)三丁(ding)(ding)五分。”到“嘉慶(qing)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)終(zhong)冊報,實在煙戶(hu)二(er)(er)(er)萬(wan)七千(qian)七百六十(shi)二(er)(er)(er),男(nan)大(da)丁(ding)(ding),小(xiao)丁(ding)(ding),女大(da)口(kou),小(xiao)口(kou),共(gong)三十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)萬(wan)一(yi)百四(si)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)。”在不(bu)到二(er)(er)(er)百年(nian)(nian)(nian)時(shi)間里,瑞金人(ren)口(kou)從幾千(qian)人(ren)發(fa)展到32萬(wan)人(ren)。人(ren)口(kou)的增長如此之快,這其中可能(neng)存(cun)在老百姓對人(ren)口(kou)數字(zi)的隱瞞的原(yuan)因,和一(yi)部分是明末清(qing)(qing)(qing)初由福(fu)建(jian)廣東倒遷入(ru)(ru)贛的客(ke)家人(ren)原(yuan)因,但是從一(yi)個側面反映在清(qing)(qing)(qing)初至嘉慶(qing)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)這段時(shi)間里,人(ren)民生(sheng)活安穩(wen)、平和,經濟(ji)狀況(kuang)也應有所好轉。
在(zai)這種大(da)的(de)全國繁(fan)榮的(de)背(bei)景之下(xia),密(mi)溪羅氏(shi)宗(zong)(zong)族迎來(lai)了他們的(de)宗(zong)(zong)族發展的(de)頂(ding)峰(feng)狀(zhuang)態。在(zai)清(qing)初“更(geng)筑文運外閣,復(fu)新東平廟(miao)宇。”從康熙三十(shi)七年(nian)(1696)至乾隆四十(shi)七年(nian),短(duan)短(duan)的(de)86年(nian)間,羅氏(shi)宗(zong)(zong)族修(xiu)建了“密(mi)溪羅氏(shi)大(da)宗(zong)(zong)祠(ci)(ci)”、“應宗(zong)(zong)公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、應文公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、石(shi)泉公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、淳夫公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、東塘公(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci),共(gong)六(liu)座祠(ci)(ci)堂。以及村子周(zhou)圍的(de)四座風水塔”坤峰(feng)(1738),“辛峰(feng)”(1738)“巽峰(feng)”(1777),“丁峰(feng)”。
至(zhi)清中葉,密(mi)(mi)溪羅氏(shi)的人口已經發展到數千人,分(fen)為(wei)“東房(fang)”,“西房(fang)”兩大房(fang),并且為(wei)他們的“開基(ji)祖”密(mi)(mi)峰公以及東,西兩房(fang)興建(jian)了祠堂,家族有了祭祀和(he)儀式的中心。至(zhi)此(ci),密(mi)(mi)溪羅氏(shi)的宗族形(xing)態正式確立,清朝中葉所形(xing)成的聚落(luo)格局(ju)與(yu)支房(fang)及亞房(fang)之(zhi)間的力量對(dui)比,基(ji)本上延續(xu)到現代,沒有太大的變化。
《羅姓考略》
自(zi)夏(xia)禹錫土賜(si)姓(xing)(xing),凡姓(xing)(xing)皆有(you)所昉,吾羅(luo)本黃(huang)帝顓帝子(zi)(zi),曰(yue)(yue)黎,祝融之(zhi)(zhi)后,融生(sheng)(sheng)陸終,終子(zi)(zi)六(liu)其(qi)四(si)曰(yue)(yue)會一封于(yu)(yu)鄶姓(xing)(xing),周初,封于(yu)(yu)羅(luo),屬襄陽宜城,周桓王二十(shi)一年,伐于(yu)(yu)楚(chu),避難徒(tu)荊州(zhou)枝(zhi)江(jiang)(jiang),莊王八(ba)年,又去(qu)枝(zhi)江(jiang)(jiang)徒(tu)長沙之(zhi)(zhi)湘陰(yin),東(dong)北(bei)六(liu)十(shi)里有(you)羅(luo)城,卒(zu)并于(yu)(yu)楚(chu)避,凡散處江(jiang)(jiang)漢(han)間(jian)者(zhe),遂以羅(luo)為(wei)姓(xing)(xing)也(ye),江(jiang)(jiang)西豫(yu)章之(zhi)(zhi)望,由(you)漢(han)高(gao)(gao)治粟內(nei)史既改(gai)大司(si)農珠,公(gong)從灌嬰侯(hou)定(ding)其(qi)地(di),功德茂于(yu)(yu)民,而(er)著(zhu)父曰(yue)(yue)君(jun)用,秦武陵(ling)令督(du)運官(guan)鐵(tie)溺洞(dong)庭(ting),邦人祠祀之(zhi)(zhi),故居長沙城東(dong),祖曰(yue)(yue)嗣(si)彝(yi),曾祖曰(yue)(yue)宗光,高(gao)(gao)祖曰(yue)(yue)茂峻(jun),峻(jun)以前之(zhi)(zhi)世次(ci),邈(miao)君(jun)子(zi)(zi)略(lve)焉,企生(sheng)(sheng)宗伯,珠公(gong)十(shi)六(liu)世孫也(ye),初封晉著(zhu)作(zuo)郎(lang),后當殷仲(zhong)堪鎮江(jiang)(jiang)陵(ling)為(wei)其(qi)功曹,累遷武陵(ling)太(tai)守,未之(zhi)(zhi)郡適桓元攻(gong)江(jiang)(jiang)陵(ling),伸(shen)堪任之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)諮(zi)議參軍,已(yi)而(er)謂弟遵(zun)生(sheng)(sheng)曰(yue)(yue):“殷侯(hou)仁(ren)而(er)無(wu)斷(duan),事必(bi)無(wu)成,吾當生(sheng)(sheng)死以之(zhi)(zhi)。”迨仲(zhong)堪走,時惟(wei)企生(sheng)(sheng)從經家門,泣以奉養老母,囑遵(zun)生(sheng)(sheng)遂履(lv)桓元之(zhi)(zhi)害,君(jun)子(zi)(zi)悲其(qi)昧于(yu)(yu)擇人,而(er)高(gao)(gao)其(qi)臨難無(wu)茍(gou)免,推為(wei)一門忠孝(xiao),其(qi)卓卓已(yi),珠公(gong)流傳(chuan)至(zhi)唐未,有(you)字儀真者(zhe),舉進士于(yu)(yu)宋太(tai)祖,建隆元年,徙古永豐水東(dong)藤田醴泉院,數傳(chuan)至(zhi)權,徙寧都(dou)大布,又數傳(chuan)至(zhi)十(shi)一郎(lang),徙興國(guo)白(bai)石,其(qi)曾孫念四(si)郎(lang),則(ze)由(you)南宋末徙瑞金密溪家焉,詳譜(pu)(pu)首源流圖考大傳(chuan)曰(yue)(yue):“別子(zi)(zi)為(wei)祖,繼別為(wei)宗。”吾密溪之(zhi)(zhi)譜(pu)(pu)以念四(si)郎(lang)為(wei)始祖,禮也(ye)。