恭肅貴妃(fei)萬貞(zhen)兒(1430年(nian)(nian)—1487年(nian)(nian)),后(hou)世多稱為“萬貴妃(fei)”,山東青(qing)州(zhou)諸城(cheng)人,明憲宗朱見深妃(fei)嬪,榮冠后(hou)宮。
萬貞(zhen)兒(er)(er)是朱見深(shen)幼年(nian)時期的(de)(de)保姆。明憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)即位時便封年(nian)長他17歲(sui)的(de)(de)萬貞(zhen)兒(er)(er)為(wei)貴(gui)妃。成(cheng)化二(er)年(nian)正月(yue)(yue),生下明憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)的(de)(de)皇(huang)長子(zi),明憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)大喜,加封她為(wei)皇(huang)貴(gui)妃。同(tong)年(nian)十(shi)一(yi)月(yue)(yue),皇(huang)長子(zi)薨。
成化(hua)二十三年春天,因暴(bao)疾過世(shi),帝(di)明憲宗為此輟朝七日,下令上謚曰恭(gong)肅端慎榮靖皇貴妃,埋(mai)葬于北京市昌平區衛(wei)星城西(xi)北7公(gong)里的萬娘墳。
萬貞(zhen)兒之父萬貴因親(qin)屬(shu)犯罪而被謫居霸州,為了使日(ri)后有所(suo)依靠,他(ta)托(tuo)付同鄉把年(nian)僅四歲的女(nv)兒萬貞(zhen)兒帶進皇宮(gong)當宮(gong)女(nv)。年(nian)幼(you)的萬貞(zhen)兒十分(fen)懂事乖巧,深得孝恭孫皇后的喜愛。
到了(le)正統十(shi)四年,當時的(de)皇帝(di)朱(zhu)祁鎮(zhen)被瓦剌捕去,國不可一日無君(jun),孫太(tai)后以郕王朱(zhu)祁鈺暫(zan)替皇帝(di)位,立朱(zhu)見深為太(tai)子(zi)。而那(nei)時的(de)萬貞兒(er)已經成了(le)十(shi)九歲(sui)的(de)妙齡(ling)少女,也(ye)被孫太(tai)后派去照料年僅兩歲(sui)的(de)朱(zhu)見深。至(zhi)此,幼小的(de)太(tai)子(zi)與萬貞兒(er)形影不離。
后來,朱(zhu)(zhu)祁(qi)鈺(yu)產生了(le)廢掉朱(zhu)(zhu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)深,立(li)己子為(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)子的念頭,并付諸行(xing)動(dong),將朱(zhu)(zhu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)深廢為(wei)(wei)沂(yi)王,立(li)己子朱(zhu)(zhu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)濟為(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)子。朱(zhu)(zhu)祁(qi)鎮復辟(pi)后,朱(zhu)(zhu)見(jian)(jian)(jian)深又被復立(li)為(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)子。
朱見深自小不與(yu)母親(qin)一同(tong)生活,而(er)萬(wan)貞兒時常在其身邊照顧他,如(ru)同(tong)母親(qin)一般(ban)。因此,朱見深便對萬(wan)貞兒產(chan)生了(le)一種別樣的感(gan)情。
天順八(ba)(ba)年,明英宗(zong)崩(beng),十八(ba)(ba)歲(sui)的(de)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)(tai)子朱(zhu)見深即位為(wei)帝,是為(wei)憲(xian)宗(zong)。當上皇(huang)(huang)(huang)帝的(de)朱(zhu)見深要(yao)做的(de)第(di)一件事就是冊封心愛(ai)的(de)萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)。但他的(de)生母周太(tai)(tai)后(hou)強(qiang)烈(lie)反(fan)對(dui)(dui),萬(wan)般(ban)無奈下憲(xian)宗(zong)只能(neng)屈服(fu),立宗(zong)室女吳氏(shi)為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou),改立萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)為(wei)貴妃。年輕美貌(mao)的(de)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)并(bing)沒(mei)有打動憲(xian)宗(zong),他依(yi)然與萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)如(ru)漆似膠,形影(ying)不離(li)。由于憲(xian)宗(zong)對(dui)(dui)吳皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)不聞不問(wen),吳皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)一氣之下對(dui)(dui)萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)動用了(le)杖刑。此事很(hen)快(kuai)就被傳開了(le),并(bing)傳到了(le)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)帝朱(zhu)見深的(de)耳朵里,不能(neng)忍受(shou)心愛(ai)的(de)女人受(shou)苦,血(xue)氣方剛的(de)憲(xian)宗(zong)下令廢后(hou),盡管有太(tai)(tai)后(hou)與大(da)(da)臣的(de)阻(zu)(zu)攔,朱(zhu)見深還(huan)是廢了(le)吳皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou),并(bing)處(chu)罰(fa)了(le)阻(zu)(zu)礙他廢后(hou)的(de)大(da)(da)臣。后(hou)升先帝所(suo)命的(de)王氏(shi)為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)。
成化二年,已(yi)經三(san)十七歲的貴(gui)妃萬(wan)貞兒生下皇長子,憲宗大(da)喜,立即進她(ta)為皇貴(gui)妃,并許諾立其(qi)子為太子,又(you)派出使者(zhe)四(si)處禱告山川諸神。誰知偏(pian)偏(pian)天不從人愿,一年后,她(ta)的兒子居(ju)然夭折了(le),這也是她(ta)一生中唯一的兒子。
成化二(er)十三年(nian)正月(yue),皇貴妃萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)去世(shi)(shi),時年(nian)五十八歲(sui)(sui)。得到消息的(de)憲(xian)宗(zong)不禁嚎啕(tao)大哭,哀(ai)嘆道:“貞(zhen)兒(er)不在人世(shi)(shi),我亦命不久矣。”他主(zhu)持貴妃的(de)葬(zang)禮一(yi)如(ru)皇后之(zhi)例,并(bing)輟朝七(qi)日(ri)。同年(nian)八月(yue),郁(yu)郁(yu)寡歡的(de)明(ming)憲(xian)宗(zong)朱見(jian)深駕崩,終(zhong)年(nian)四十一(yi)歲(sui)(sui)。
朱見深兩歲(sui)(sui)(sui)立(li)為(wei)太子時(shi),開始服侍他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de),是19歲(sui)(sui)(sui)的(de)宮女(nv)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒;他(ta)(ta)(ta)10歲(sui)(sui)(sui)再立(li)為(wei)太子時(shi),萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒已(yi)27歲(sui)(sui)(sui);到(dao)他(ta)(ta)(ta)18歲(sui)(sui)(sui)即位時(shi),萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒已(yi)35歲(sui)(sui)(sui)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)不忘萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒對(dui)自己(ji)的(de)愛(ai)護和體貼(tie),也(ye)不因她比自己(ji)年(nian)長17歲(sui)(sui)(sui)、顏色漸(jian)衰而(er)嫌棄(qi),冊封她為(wei)皇貴(gui)妃(fei)。更為(wei)少有的(de)是,明憲(xian)宗朱見深在位23年(nian),始終如一(yi)(yi)地專(zhuan)寵(chong)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei),1487年(nian),58歲(sui)(sui)(sui)的(de)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)病死,憲(xian)宗很傷心,也(ye)一(yi)(yi)病不起,于同年(nian)而(er)逝(shi),享年(nian)僅41歲(sui)(sui)(sui)!他(ta)(ta)(ta)專(zhuan)寵(chong)了萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)一(yi)(yi)輩子。無論(lun)怎(zen)樣,這(zhe)都(dou)是段千古(gu)佳話,而(er)朱見深終其一(yi)(yi)生都(dou)只愛(ai)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒一(yi)(yi)個(ge)女(nv)人。
萬貞兒(er)以一(yi)個(ge)卑微的(de)宮女(nv),半(ban)老徐娘(niang)之(zhi)身(shen),竟一(yi)舉奪(duo)寵(chong)(chong),寵(chong)(chong)冠后宮,做(zuo)了(le)(le)二十多年無名有實的(de)皇后。各(ge)種原由,無人能曉。至于憲宗的(de)兩個(ge)皇后吳氏和(he)王(wang)氏,一(yi)個(ge)是新婚伊始便守活寡,一(yi)個(ge)是當了(le)(le)一(yi)輩子的(de)傀儡(lei)。
歷朝歷代得寵(chong)的(de)妃子(zi)很多,但若(ruo)論情況(kuang)之離奇卻誰也(ye)比不過(guo)大明王朝第(di)八位皇帝(di)(di)(di)明憲宗(zong)的(de)寵(chong)妃萬(wan)貞兒。一個(ge)大皇帝(di)(di)(di)十七歲的(de)女人(ren),從小撫育陪伴(ban)皇子(zi)長大成人(ren),并做了(le)皇帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)第(di)一個(ge)女人(ren),亦(yi)母亦(yi)姐的(de)奶娘關系變成了(le)男女夫(fu)妻關系,并且(qie)牢牢占(zhan)領了(le)皇帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)心,擁有(you)他一生的(de)寵(chong)幸摯愛,就此說來,除了(le)明憲宗(zong)有(you)戀母情節(jie)外,萬(wan)貴妃倒(dao)也(ye)是個(ge)有(you)魅力的(de)女人(ren)!在眾多的(de)野史和影視作(zuo)品中萬(wan)貴妃也(ye)成了(le)妖妃惡女,被世人(ren)唾(tuo)棄。
明英(ying)宗(zong)的兒子朱見深即(ji)帝位時十(shi)七(qi)歲,正是青春年少的時候。兩(liang)宮太后為(wei)替新皇帝選(xuan)擇皇后人(ren)選(xuan)頗費了(le)一番心(xin)思(si)。她們(men)在(zai)英(ying)宗(zong)生(sheng)前(qian)親自替兒子選(xuan)定的十(shi)二名淑女(nv)中,再行認真挑(tiao)選(xuan),選(xuan)了(le)王、吳、柏三人(ren)留住宮中,慢(man)慢(man)考察(cha)。
憲(xian)宗的(de)生母周太后命(ming)司禮監牛玉在三名淑(shu)媛中選定(ding)(ding)一人為(wei)皇后。牛玉對周太后說,先帝在時曾屬意(yi)吳(wu)(wu)女(nv)和王女(nv),我看二女(nv)姿貌相當(dang),分不出誰更美(mei)麗端莊,比較起來,似是吳(wu)(wu)女(nv)更為(wei)賢(xian)淑(shu)。周太后便作主替憲(xian)宗擇定(ding)(ding)吳(wu)(wu)氏為(wei)皇后,錢太后當(dang)然(ran)沒有什么意(yi)見(jian)。
誰(shui)知大婚(hun)之后,皇帝(di)新郎并不(bu)貪戀吳皇后的(de)(de)(de)青春(chun)美色(se),而(er)是常常宿在嬪妃(fei)(fei)萬(wan)氏宮中,這使(shi)吳皇后又氣又羞。她不(bu)明白,自己哪一(yi)點比(bi)不(bu)上徐娘半老(lao)的(de)(de)(de)萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei),無(wu)論姿色(se)才學還是門第修養?她更(geng)不(bu)明白的(de)(de)(de)是,比(bi)皇帝(di)年(nian)齡大十七(qi)歲的(de)(de)(de)萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)用什(shen)么手段把(ba)皇帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)心死死住?
原(yuan)來(lai),大婚前(qian)的憲宗,早已同年(nian)過三十(shi)的宮女萬(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)有(you)了私情。萬(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)原(yuan)籍青州(zhou)諸城(cheng)(今(jin)山東省諸城(cheng)市)人,父親萬(wan)(wan)貴為(wei)(wei)縣(xian)衙掾吏,因(yin)親屬(shu)犯(fan)罪而(er)被謫居霸州(zhou)。萬(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)年(nian)僅四歲便充(chong)入掖庭為(wei)(wei)奴,十(shi)多年(nian)后出落得花容(rong)月貌(mao)。孫太后憐她聰(cong)明伶俐,命(ming)她在紅壽宮管理服裝衣飾等事。
天(tian)順六(liu)年,孫(sun)太后病死,年已(yi)(yi)十五(wu)的皇太子乘機把萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒要進東宮做自己的貼(tie)身侍女(nv)。盡(jin)管貞(zhen)兒已(yi)(yi)年過三十,但(dan)因仍(reng)是處女(nv),且華色猶濃,看上去不過二十左右。從此,兩人便(bian)瞞著宮里人,干起了風流韻事。
憲宗(zong)即位后,唯戀著萬貞(zhen)(zhen)兒一人(ren)。照他心(xin)思(si),是要(yao)冊立萬貞(zhen)(zhen)兒為皇(huang)后,但以一個(ge)年齡比他大十七歲,又是微賤的宮女之身(shen),想坐上(shang)皇(huang)后寶座,幾乎(hu)是做夢。迫于(yu)(yu)禮制,也(ye)迫于(yu)(yu)母命,憲宗(zong)只得與吳(wu)皇(huang)后成婚。
憲(xian)宗(zong)和吳(wu)皇(huang)(huang)后大婚以后,年輕美貌的皇(huang)(huang)后并沒有(you)打動憲(xian)宗(zong),他依(yi)然與萬貞兒如漆似膠,形(xing)影(ying)不(bu)(bu)離(li)。由于憲(xian)宗(zong)對吳(wu)皇(huang)(huang)后不(bu)(bu)聞不(bu)(bu)問,吳(wu)皇(huang)(huang)后便把這(zhe)一(yi)切歸結到(dao)(dao)了萬貞兒身上,對萬貞兒動用(yong)了杖(zhang)刑,打的萬貞兒站立(li)不(bu)(bu)起。此事很快就被傳開了,并傳到(dao)(dao)了憲(xian)宗(zong)朱見深的耳朵里。
這下(xia)可不(bu)(bu)得了(le),憲(xian)宗大怒,要(yao)(yao)找吳皇后(hou)(hou)(hou)評理,萬(wan)貞兒攔住憲(xian)宗不(bu)(bu)讓去(qu)鬧(nao)。憲(xian)宗是(shi)又(you)恨(hen)皇后(hou)(hou)(hou)又(you)憐萬(wan)貞兒,伸手慢慢解開了(le)萬(wan)貞兒的(de)衣服,見(jian)她(ta)雪也(ye)似白嫩(nen)的(de)肌膚上面,一道道杖痕(hen)透著血色,不(bu)(bu)由怒從心頭起(qi),發誓道:“此等潑辣貨,我若不(bu)(bu)把她(ta)廢(fei)去(qu),誓不(bu)(bu)為人!”。第二天一早,憲(xian)宗便去(qu)見(jian)兩(liang)宮(gong)太后(hou)(hou)(hou),說(shuo)吳皇后(hou)(hou)(hou)舉動(dong)輕(qing)佻,不(bu)(bu)守禮法,不(bu)(bu)堪居六(liu)宮(gong)之首,定(ding)要(yao)(yao)廢(fei)去(qu)。錢太后(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)便說(shuo)什么(me),周太后(hou)(hou)(hou)勸阻道:“冊后(hou)(hou)(hou)才一月便要(yao)(yao)廢(fei)去(qu),豈不(bu)(bu)惹人笑話?”憲(xian)宗堅持要(yao)(yao)廢(fei),周太后(hou)(hou)(hou)溺(ni)愛兒子,只得由著憲(xian)宗。于是(shi),一道廢(fei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)詔書下(xia)達(da),命(ming)吳氏退居別(bie)宮(gong),還(huan)把司禮監牛玉罰往孝陵種菜。
過(guo)了兩(liang)個月,周太后(hou)(hou)下(xia)旨(zhi),要憲(xian)宗冊(ce)立已同柏氏一起(qi)被封為(wei)賢妃的王氏為(wei)皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)。王皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)生(sheng)性軟弱怕(pa)事,知道皇(huang)帝(di)寵幸萬妃,只(zhi)得處處謙虛忍讓,做個傀(kui)儡皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)也(ye)就罷(ba)了。
按清朝一(yi)代至(zhi)今的(de)說法,萬貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)心地惡毒(du),她(ta)強迫其它懷有明憲(xian)宗骨肉的(de)嬪妃(fei)(fei)宮女墮胎,毒(du)殺明孝宗之母(mu)紀妃(fei)(fei),雖然這(zhe)種講(jiang)法相(xiang)傳(chuan)甚廣,但與事實相(xiang)去頗遠,用史料來源(yuan)追(zhui)循(xun),不(bu)難還萬貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)清白之身。
萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃四歲(sui)(sui)進宮,在(zai)明宣宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)孫皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)宮中(zhong)作(zuo)宮女。明憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)朱(zhu)見(jian)深(shen)生(sheng)于1447年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),明憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)兩(liang)歲(sui)(sui)時,逢“土木堡(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)”憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)父親(qin)被(bei)俘(fu)。瓦(wa)剌人兵臨城下,孫太后(hou)(hou)(hou)立(li)英宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝同(tong)(tong)(tong)父異(yi)母弟弟,朱(zhu)祁(qi)鈺為(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝,立(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)僅兩(liang)歲(sui)(sui)的(de)朱(zhu)見(jian)深(shen)為(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太子(zi)(zi),時年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)九歲(sui)(sui)的(de)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)即在(zai)此(ci)時開(kai)始照料皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太子(zi)(zi)。北京(jing)(jing)保衛戰(zhan)明軍(jun)勝,瓦(wa)剌軍(jun)撤。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),瓦(wa)剌人將被(bei)俘(fu)英宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)送回明廷。此(ci)時,景泰皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝已(yi)(yi)無(wu)意將皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)位(wei)(wei)歸還哥(ge)哥(ge)。英宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)一(yi)到北京(jing)(jing)即遭囚(qiu)禁。1452年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),朱(zhu)見(jian)深(shen)五(wu)歲(sui)(sui)時,叔叔景泰帝廢(fei)其皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太子(zi)(zi)位(wei)(wei),貶為(wei)(wei)沂王,從(cong)此(ci)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)同(tong)(tong)(tong)朱(zhu)見(jian)深(shen)的(de)的(de)處(chu)境與(yu)囚(qiu)徒無(wu)異(yi)。五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou),景泰帝重病,發生(sheng)“奪門之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)”,明英宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)復辟,二(er)(er)十(shi)七歲(sui)(sui)的(de)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er),帶著已(yi)(yi)十(shi)歲(sui)(sui),恢復皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太子(zi)(zi)地位(wei)(wei)的(de)少主回到宮中(zhong)。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間,不知何時,皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太子(zi)(zi)和萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間產生(sheng)男女之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)。1464年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),英宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)去世,十(shi)七歲(sui)(sui)的(de)太子(zi)(zi)即位(wei)(wei),是(shi)為(wei)(wei)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong),皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)吳氏。憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)情(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所在(zai)仍為(wei)(wei)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)。一(yi)日吳皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)借故杖擊萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)。憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)聽(ting)聞大怒,將其皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)位(wei)(wei)廢(fei)。成化(hua)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)三十(shi)六的(de)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)誕(dan)下他第一(yi)個兒(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi),憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)封貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)貴(gui)妃,皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)十(shi)個月大時夭折。此(ci)后(hou)(hou)(hou)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)再無(wu)生(sheng)育。憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)在(zai)位(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),同(tong)(tong)(tong)各位(wei)(wei)嬪妃共(gong)生(sheng)子(zi)(zi)女二(er)(er)十(shi)多人,但他始終未同(tong)(tong)(tong)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)以外的(de)其他哪個產生(sheng)感情(qing)。1476年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)封貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)貴(gui)妃,地位(wei)(wei)在(zai)諸妃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,那(nei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)四十(shi)六歲(sui)(sui)。1487年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)因病去世,享(xiang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)五(wu)十(shi)七歲(sui)(sui)。貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)過(guo)世消息傳來,憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)難過(guo)得半晌竟(jing)講不出話。最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)吐(tu)出一(yi)句(ju):貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)去,我(wo)也(ye)不久(jiu)矣。數月后(hou)(hou)(hou),明憲(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)因憂傷過(guo)度,竟(jing)隨貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)去了。
憲(xian)宗(zong)去世后(hou),孝宗(zong)即位。史料上最早有關萬貴(gui)妃官(guan)方(fang)記載,是明(ming)朝(chao)的官(guan)方(fang)史籍《憲(xian)宗(zong)實錄(lu)》。官(guan)史《明(ming)實錄(lu)》是由后(hou)朝(chao)修(xiu)前朝(chao),即憲(xian)宗(zong)成化朝(chao)之后(hou),兒子孝宗(zong)弘治(zhi)朝(chao)開始修(xiu)《憲(xian)宗(zong)實錄(lu)》,最早不利(li)于(yu)萬貞兒歷(li)史記錄(lu)即出自(zi)于(yu)《憲(xian)宗(zong)實錄(lu)》。為何如此呢?
原來孝宗自(zi)幼(you)就目睹父(fu)(fu)親憲(xian)宗對其(qi)生母不理不睬(cai),卻對萬(wan)貴妃那個老女子(zi)關(guan)懷備至(zhi),自(zi)其(qi)六(liu)歲被(bei)立為(wei)太子(zi),到(dao)即皇帝位(wei)共十二(er)年,憤憤不平之(zhi)心由來已(yi)久,借為(wei)前朝(chao)修史之(zhi)機,不好意思罵父(fu)(fu)親,罵萬(wan)貴妃幾句,為(wei)他母親出氣,乃人情之(zhi)常(chang)。
此外,除了孝(xiao)宗(zong)外,內廷外朝其他人對(dui)萬(wan)貴(gui)妃的(de)印象也不見得好。宮中憲宗(zong)的(de)那些(xie)嬪妃、二十多個子女(nv)及他(她)的(de)生(sheng)母(mu)(mu)、還有憲宗(zong)的(de)親生(sheng)母(mu)(mu)親周氏,對(dui)憲宗(zong)專寵萬(wan)貴(gui)妃數十年,無不又妒又恨;還有的(de)就(jiu)是(shi)那些(xie)迂腐的(de)文(wen)官,即便是(shi)哪(na)個地(di)方地(di)震,或地(di)質發(fa)生(sheng)變化,也將此歸(gui)咎于萬(wan)貴(gui)妃。
《憲(xian)宗(zong)實(shi)錄(lu)》中(zhong)指責萬貴妃部分(fen)有四(si)項,我引(yin)用(yong)如下,并簡作評論:
1.《憲(xian)(xian)宗實(shi)錄(lu)》中(zhong)(zhong)說(shuo)萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)(er)“專(zhuan)寵(chong)”。憲(xian)(xian)宗專(zhuan)寵(chong)萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)(er)數(shu)十年是(shi)公(gong)認的歷史(shi)事(shi)實(shi),但這實(shi)在不能(neng)說(shuo)是(shi)萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)(er)的錯,道理很簡單:中(zhong)(zhong)國封建王(wang)朝“朕(zhen)即國家”,皇帝愿意喜(xi)歡何人,其(qi)實(shi)無人能(neng)管,即便萬(wan)貴妃(fei)曾(ceng)對他有恩,他若是(shi)不理她,萬(wan)貴妃(fei)又能(neng)怎(zen)樣?專(zhuan)寵(chong)者是(shi)憲(xian)(xian)宗,萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)(er)不過是(shi)被寵(chong)者而已(yi)。
2.“服用(yong)器物窮極僭儗,四(si)方(fang)進奉(feng)奇技異物皆歸之(zhi)”,這是(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)萬貴(gui)妃穿著(zhu)、日(ri)用(yong)品皆奢(she)華(hua),同皇(huang)上(shang)有都得一比,各地獻給皇(huang)上(shang)的奇珍異寶也被她所享用(yong)。我相(xiang)信這也不(bu)能說(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)她的錯,憲(xian)宗(zong)對(dui)他情(qing)深意(yi)篤,千(qian)方(fang)百計(ji)給她好東西讓她歡喜,那是(shi)憲(xian)宗(zong)的事。博取深愛(ai)之(zhi)人(ren)(ren)的歡心,乃是(shi)人(ren)(ren)情(qing)之(zhi)常(chang),更不(bu)用(yong)說(shuo)(shuo)當事人(ren)(ren)憲(xian)宗(zong)是(shi)大明皇(huang)帝(di)。
3.“一(yi)(yi)門父兄弟侄皆授以(yi)都(dou)(dou)督都(dou)(dou)指(zhi)揮千百戶等官(guan)”,是說(shuo)萬貞兒(er)娘家人(ren)都(dou)(dou)因裙帶關系被封(feng)了官(guan)職。其實(shi)(shi),明實(shi)(shi)錄如此(ci)寫,并不厚道,按明朝規(gui)矩,妃(fei)子的家人(ren)都(dou)(dou)封(feng)賜給都(dou)(dou)督、都(dou)(dou)指(zhi)揮、千百戶這類職位,對萬氏(shi)并未特殊(shu)。史上公認,有明一(yi)(yi)代(dai),有意識地(di)控制外戚勢(shi)力,外戚從未形成干政的力量(liang)。以(yi)萬貴(gui)妃(fei)在憲宗心中分量(liang),她想為娘家人(ren)謀求何種利益不能達到?此(ci)事,反倒萬貴(gui)妃(fei)顯得有節制。
4.“佞幸出外鎮守內備供奉者,如(ru)錢能(neng)、覃勤、汪(wang)直、梁方、韋興……假(jia)以貢(gong)獻買(mai)辦科(ke)歛(lian)民財……擅作(zuo)威福(fu)戕害善良弄兵構禍(huo)”:這(zhe)是說(shuo)萬貴妃罩著一(yi)班(ban)宮(gong)內宮(gong)外的(de)壞(huai)人(ren),這(zhe)些人(ren)在外面(mian)搜(sou)刮民財,作(zuo)威作(zuo)福(fu),殘害忠良,這(zhe)些人(ren)還在邊疆尋釁滋事。這(zhe)種說(shuo)法,和(he)當(dang)(dang)代亂(luan)扣帽(mao)子差不(bu)多,萬貴妃不(bu)過是一(yi)深宮(gong)女子,外朝(chao)發生(sheng)的(de)那些怎(zen)能(neng)扣在她身上?而且如(ru)此說(shuo)根本也(ye)(ye)沒(mei)有任何證據。我們(men)再看(kan)(kan)他(ta)列(lie)舉的(de)這(zhe)幾個(ge)(ge)所(suo)謂壞(huai)人(ren),明朝(chao)是典型(xing)的(de)一(yi)朝(chao)天子一(yi)朝(chao)臣,這(zhe)些人(ren)到孝宗時代大多已失勢(shi),踩他(ta)們(men)兩腳沒(mei)什(shen)么大不(bu)了的(de)。再看(kan)(kan)這(zhe)些人(ren)最后的(de)結局(ju),沒(mei)有一(yi)個(ge)(ge)被問斬的(de),坐監的(de)也(ye)(ye)只是一(yi)個(ge)(ge)半(ban)個(ge)(ge)。明朝(chao)官員之間(jian)亂(luan)打棍子,亂(luan)扣帽(mao)子,相互傾軋、彈劾(he)成風,沒(mei)蹲過幾天大獄,你都不(bu)好意思張口跟人(ren)說(shuo)自個(ge)(ge)兒是在明朝(chao)當(dang)(dang)官兒。
小結以上,可(ke)以看到,在明朝自(zi)己修的(de)官(guan)方正史(shi)里,確實(shi)對萬(wan)貴妃(fei)頗有(you)微言,但即便如此(ci),用現代話來說,抨擊她的(de)那(nei)些事兒,都(dou)還真夠不成什么(me)原則(ze)問題。最終將萬(wan)貴妃(fei)打(da)造成一個十(shi)惡不赦的(de)壞女(nv)人,是由(you)清朝人所修的(de)《明史(shi)》完(wan)成。有(you)人說,二(er)十(shi)四史(shi)有(you)別于(yu)(yu)其它野史(shi),屬于(yu)(yu)正史(shi),書寫學(xue)(xue)術文章(zhang)時引用,可(ke)以作(zuo)為支(zhi)持自(zi)己觀點的(de)有(you)力證據(ju)。其實(shi),如果你用“查出(chu)處”的(de)方法(fa)去考證二(er)十(shi)四史(shi),你會發現,其中信手(shou)胡抄,道聽(ting)途說,顛倒黑白之(zhi)處屢見不鮮,萬(wan)貞兒不幸就成為我(wo)國這種歷(li)史(shi)治(zhi)學(xue)(xue)傳(chuan)統的(de)犧牲品。
比(bi)對(dui)清朝人所寫《明史(shi)》和《明實(shi)錄(lu)》中(zhong)(zhong)關于萬貴妃的記(ji)載,清朝《明史(shi)萬貴妃傳》中(zhong)(zhong)的內容(rong)是(shi)從我(wo)前面所說的,明朝《明實(shi)錄(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)的憲(xian)宗實(shi)錄(lu)》中(zhong)(zhong)抄來的,文字基本上都一致。
但(dan)是(shi),清朝人(ren)在《明史萬(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)傳》里頭增加了(le)兩項(xiang)(xiang)對她非常嚴重的指(zhi)控:第一(yi)、“掖(ye)廷御(yu)幸有身,飲藥(yao)傷墜者無(wu)(wu)數。孝宗(zong)之(zhi)生(sheng),頂(ding)寸(cun)許(xu)無(wu)(wu)發(fa)(fa),或(huo)曰藥(yao)所中(zhong)也”。意思是(shi)說(shuo),萬(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)一(yi)旦發(fa)(fa)現被憲(xian)(xian)宗(zong)寵(chong)幸過(guo)宮(gong)中(zhong)女(nv)子有身孕,就(jiu)立即用藥(yao)令她們強行墮胎,許(xu)多懷(huai)了(le)憲(xian)(xian)宗(zong)龍種的嬪妃(fei)(fei)(fei)宮(gong)女(nv),都未能(neng)幸免,就(jiu)連后(hou)(hou)來(lai)的孝宗(zong)出生(sheng)時(shi),頭頂(ding)禿了(le)一(yi)塊,也是(shi)因他(ta)母親懷(huai)他(ta)時(shi)中(zhong)毒(du)而起。第二、“紀(ji)(ji)淑妃(fei)(fei)(fei)之(zhi)死(si),實妃(fei)(fei)(fei)為之(zhi)”。是(shi)說(shuo)孝宗(zong)生(sheng)母紀(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)也是(shi)萬(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)毒(du)死(si)的。第二項(xiang)(xiang)關于紀(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)孝宗(zong)身世的指(zhi)控,同時(shi)詳盡地寫在《明史紀(ji)(ji)太后(hou)(hou)傳》中(zhong)。
這(zhe)就怪了(le)事(shi)了(le),為(wei)什么明朝當(dang)年自己寫自己的(de)正史《憲宗(zong)實錄(lu)》中并沒有對萬貴(gui)妃作這(zhe)種殺人指(zhi)控,反(fan)倒200多年后(hou),清朝人為(wei)前朝人修的(de)《明史》里(li)面卻冒了(le)出來呢?咱(zan)們看看這(zhe)些(xie)指(zhi)控的(de)來源出處就會一清二(er)楚(chu)。
明末有個(ge)學(xue)者叫“毛(mao)奇齡(ling)”,他曾(ceng)寫了本名為《勝(sheng)朝(chao)(chao)彤(tong)史(shi)拾遺(yi)記》的(de)(de)明朝(chao)(chao)野史(shi),這兩項指(zhi)控都(dou)在里邊,連文字都(dou)幾乎一(yi)樣。原來(lai),清朝(chao)(chao)初(chu)年開始修(xiu)《明史(shi)》時(shi),請(qing)了毛(mao)先(xian)生出來(lai)做編(bian)修(xiu)的(de)(de)工作(zuo),他就將自己(ji)先(xian)前野史(shi)的(de)(de)內容,不管(guan)真假,順(shun)手抄了進(jin)去。
那(nei)毛先生的(de)指控又從何而來(lai)呢,那(nei)就(jiu)再往(wang)前看(kan)。明朝萬(wan)歷(li)年(nian)(nian)間有位(wei)叫于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)慎行的(de)學(xue)者(zhe)寫了本名為《谷山筆塵(chen)》的(de)野(ye)史(shi),這兩個指控,包括孝宗戲劇(ju)性身(shen)世,皆源于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此書。不(bu)過,于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)慎行深知自己將(jiang)成為惡毒誹謗萬(wan)貴(gui)妃的(de)創始(shi)人(ren)(ren),在指控完畢時,大概怕別(bie)人(ren)(ren)說他造謠惑眾,又加了一句“萬(wan)歷(li)十二年(nian)(nian)一老中官為于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)道(dao)說如此”,告訴大家:諸位(wei)看(kan)官聽好,誹謗萬(wan)貞兒不(bu)干我事,這事兒都(dou)是鄙人(ren)(ren)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)1584那(nei)年(nian)(nian)自一個老太監那(nei)兒道(dao)聽途說聽來(lai)的(de)。
和于(yu)慎行(xing)同時代(萬歷年間)還有位叫沈德(de)符的(de)(de)學者(zhe),在他(ta)的(de)(de)著作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong),他(ta)對同行(xing)于(yu)慎行(xing)的(de)(de)這種(zhong)做法非常不(bu)以為然,他(ta)寫道:“……自謂得(de)其說于(yu)今上初年老中(zhong)(zhong)官(guan)。不(bu)知宦寺傳(chuan)官(guan)訛舛,更甚于(yu)齊東,子每聞此輩談朝家故(gu)事,十(shi)無一(yi)實者(zhe),最可(ke)笑(xiao)。”他(ta)是(shi)說:于(yu)慎行(xing)自稱(cheng)這些(xie)事兒是(shi)從當代的(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)老太(tai)監(jian)那兒聽來的(de)(de),其實這些(xie)閹(yan)人所(suo)傳(chuan)的(de)(de),關(guan)于(yu)前朝的(de)(de)那些(xie)宮廷事完全不(bu)靠譜,十(shi)句話里有九句都是(shi)假的(de)(de),真可(ke)笑(xiao)!
人家(jia)萬貴妃的(de)名(ming)譽,原本是(shi)件很嚴肅的(de)事,從(cong)一(yi)(yi)個老(lao)太監口中流傳出來(lai)(lai)的(de)胡謅八(ba)扯,竟然使她一(yi)(yi)世名(ming)聲毀于一(yi)(yi)旦。1584年距成化初年,已(yi)過了(le)一(yi)(yi)百(bai)多(duo)年,試問,有多(duo)少史料價值讓于慎(shen)行(xing)將(jiang)這(zhe)位(wei)老(lao)太監的(de)話堂(tang)堂(tang)正(zheng)正(zheng)寫進正(zheng)史?這(zhe)樣做未免(mian)也太有辱(ru)斯文,喪失學術原則了(le)吧(ba)!可(ke)后來(lai)(lai)各種野史、正(zheng)史可(ke)就(jiu)真是(shi)跟著于慎(shen)行(xing)這(zhe)么寫了(le)下去(qu)!看來(lai)(lai),毀壞它人名(ming)聲的(de)事,從(cong)我們的(de)祖輩起,咱(zan)們中國(guo)人干得超酷。
如(ru)果我(wo)們用于慎行從老太監(jian)那里聽來(lai),誹謗萬(wan)(wan)貴妃的原文(wen)(wen),比照清朝人編寫的《明史》中(zhong)關于萬(wan)(wan)貴妃的原文(wen)(wen),不(bu)(bu)難看(kan)出,根本是如(ru)出一轍。雖說天下文(wen)(wen)章一大抄(chao),古人竟然如(ru)此不(bu)(bu)辨真偽(wei)地抄(chao)法,真叫你大開眼界,看(kan)來(lai),今天學(xue)術界抄(chao)襲剽竊成風,不(bu)(bu)過(guo)是在繼承傳統而已。
如果(guo)我們(men)細讀(du)一下《明(ming)史紀太后傳(chuan)》,你會發現(xian),其中凈(jing)是胡扯。比(bi)如文中說(shuo):“生(sheng)孝宗(zong),使門監張敏(min)溺焉。敏(min)驚曰:“上未(wei)有子(zi)(zi),奈何棄之。”意思是,(成化(hua)六(liu)年)孝宗(zong)出生(sheng),(萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei))命(ming)令太監張敏(min)將(jiang)嬰兒淹死,張敏(min)吃驚地(di)說(shuo)‘皇帝還沒(mei)有兒子(zi)(zi)呢,怎能這樣做!?
這(zhe)分(fen)明(ming)(ming)是瞎掰,因為(wei)成化六(liu)年(nian)(nian)時,憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)第二(er)個兒(er)子(zi)朱佑極可正(zheng)活得(de)好著呢(ni),人(ren)家張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)敏怎么可能說憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)沒(mei)兒(er)子(zi)?接著《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)紀(ji)太后傳》繼續編造說:張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)敏后來(lai)偷偷將(jiang)孝宗(zong)(zong)(zong)藏起來(lai)養大,六(liu)年(nian)(nian)后(成化十一(yi)年(nian)(nian))將(jiang)這(zhe)事(shi)告訴(su)了(le)憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong),張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)敏覺著自己六(liu)年(nian)(nian)前違背了(le)萬貴妃(fei)將(jiang)孩子(zi)淹死的(de)命(ming)令,現在事(shi)情(qing)講出來(lai)了(le),萬貴妃(fei)必定(ding)會追斬他,就(jiu)嚇得(de)吞金(jin)(jin)自殺了(le)(亦吞金(jin)(jin)死),其實人(ren)家張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)敏這(zhe)一(yi)直受(shou)寵(chong)于憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong),活到(dao)成化二(er)十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)才因病去世,哪(na)兒(er)有什么吞金(jin)(jin)自殺的(de)事(shi)兒(er)。明(ming)(ming)史(shi)中這(zhe)個關于紀(ji)妃(fei)的(de)傳奇段(duan)子(zi)雖(sui)然假得(de)不能再假,但(dan)遺憾的(de)是,它在當代卻被當作歷史(shi),廣泛地出現在關于明(ming)(ming)朝成化年(nian)(nian)間的(de)著作、影視、文藝作品中。
綜上看來,萬(wan)貴妃(fei)無端端變成殺(sha)人(ren)狂的(de)(de)歷(li)史過程,大致是這樣的(de)(de):萬(wan)貴妃(fei)死后,歷(li)經(jing)弘治、正德、嘉靖、隆慶四朝都還算(suan)風平浪靜,而到了萬(wan)歷(li)年(nian)間出事(shi)了,有位后宮的(de)(de)無名(ming)氏老(lao)太監(jian),講(jiang)出一段(duan)不(bu)知從何而來的(de)(de),100多年(nian)前發(fa)生在(zai)成化初(chu)年(nian),萬(wan)貴妃(fei)在(zai)宮中(zhong)草菅人(ren)命的(de)(de)傳(chuan)聞,正巧,有位名(ming)為于(yu)慎行(xing)的(de)(de)學(xue)者聽到,就將老(lao)太監(jian)所說的(de)(de)傳(chuan)聞,錄入他寫的(de)(de)野(ye)史里,雖然于(yu)先生的(de)(de)作(zuo)法被(bei)(bei)其它萬(wan)歷(li)同行(xing)呲之以(yi)鼻,可沒想到,后來寫明史的(de)(de)學(xue)者都抱著“至于(yu)你信(xin)不(bu)信(xin),反正我(wo)信(xin)了”的(de)(de)態(tai)度(du),將這段(duan)傳(chuan)聞,堂而皇之地當作(zuo)了歷(li)史。到了清朝,這段(duan)不(bu)著邊兒的(de)(de)傳(chuan)聞,更上一層(ceng)樓,被(bei)(bei)采納進中(zhong)國殿堂級史料《明史》之中(zhong)。至于(yu)到了當代(dai),深(shen)受廣大文藝青年(nian)喜(xi)愛的(de)(de)文學(xue)歷(li)史作(zuo)品《明朝那些事(shi)兒》再將萬(wan)貴妃(fei)的(de)(de)劣跡,發(fa)揚光(guang)大到空(kong)前的(de)(de)高度(du)。
上(shang)邊(bian)兒考證(zheng)了對萬(wan)貴妃殺人(ren)(ren)指控的來源出處,下(xia)面我想從情理及邏輯上(shang)證(zheng)明(ming)萬(wan)貴妃殺人(ren)(ren)論(lun)不成立。先(xian)說(shuo)所謂萬(wan)貴妃用藥強行墮胎的事兒。
1.如果(guo)萬(wan)貴妃這(zhe)樣做(zuo),明(ming)擺(bai)著是在做(zuo)掉大明(ming)王(wang)朝繼承人,這(zhe)對(dui)封建王(wang)朝來(lai)說,絕對(dui)是大是大非的(de)原則問(wen)題。就算憲(xian)宗(zong)有(you)多(duo)寵她,對(dui)這(zhe)種(zhong)事兒也不會容忍,況(kuang)且宮(gong)內(nei)還(huan)有(you)錢太(tai)(tai)后和周太(tai)(tai)后在,有(you)明(ming)一(yi)代(dai),皇太(tai)(tai)后在后宮(gong)地位(wei)相當崇高。錢太(tai)(tai)后成化四年去世(shi),憲(xian)宗(zong)母親周太(tai)(tai)后比憲(xian)宗(zong)活得還(huan)長,就算她們其它事不管,這(zhe)種(zhong)有(you)關國本的(de)大事不可(ke)能袖手旁觀,更何況(kuang)周太(tai)(tai)后一(yi)向就厭惡萬(wan)貞兒。
2.明朝文(wen)官(guan)勢力(li)大(da),管得寬,就連憲(xian)宗對萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)太過親密(mi)這(zhe)種事(shi)兒(er)都(dou)會上奏制止。在中國(guo)封建王朝制度下(xia),對他們(men)來說(shuo),建立皇(huang)(huang)儲,是確立一(yi)(yi)國(guo)之本(ben)的(de)大(da)事(shi),關系(xi)到全(quan)國(guo)臣民心之寄托。萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)要是敢干謀殺(sha)皇(huang)(huang)儲的(de)勾當(dang),那些(xie)大(da)臣還饒得了她?早就群起在奉天殿前長跪不起,大(da)哭大(da)鬧(這(zhe)種事(shi)兒(er),在明朝一(yi)(yi)點(dian)兒(er)都(dou)不稀(xi)奇),要求(qiu)誅她九族了。
3.通常(chang)史上說(shuo)萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)強行她(ta)人(ren)墮(duo)(duo)胎(tai)之事是(shi)(shi)指成(cheng)化初年,第(di)(di)一、因為這段(duan)時(shi)(shi)間憲(xian)宗(zong)所生(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)女不(bu)太(tai)(tai)多,后(hou)來越生(sheng)(sheng)越多,他(ta)們沒法說(shuo)了(le)。第(di)(di)二、可能(neng)是(shi)(shi)覺(jue)著(zhu)萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)還有(you)生(sheng)(sheng)育能(neng)力,她(ta)不(bu)讓(rang)別(bie)人(ren)生(sheng)(sheng),是(shi)(shi)為著(zhu)等(deng)自(zi)己再生(sheng)(sheng)一個做皇(huang)位繼承人(ren)。自(zi)成(cheng)化二年十月,萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)第(di)(di)一個兒子(zi)夭折,到(dao)憲(xian)宗(zong)的(de)(de)柏妃(fei)(fei)在成(cheng)化五(wu)年四月生(sheng)(sheng)第(di)(di)二個兒子(zi),這中(zhong)間確實有(you)長達兩年多的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間憲(xian)宗(zong)一個孩兒也(ye)未生(sheng)(sheng)出來。假設都是(shi)(shi)讓(rang)萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)強迫墮(duo)(duo)胎(tai)了(le),可能(neng)性有(you)多大(da)(da)?等(deng)于零!為什么,因為王皇(huang)后(hou)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)著(zhu)的(de)(de),在這段(duan)時(shi)(shi)間內誰第(di)(di)一個生(sheng)(sheng)出兒子(zi)來,兒子(zi)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)太(tai)(tai)子(zi),母將(jiang)(jiang)憑子(zi)大(da)(da)貴(gui),假設你(ni)(ni)(ni)好不(bu)容易有(you)了(le),這時(shi)(shi)候萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)忽然帶幫人(ren)來讓(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)墮(duo)(duo)胎(tai),你(ni)(ni)(ni)能(neng)干嗎?你(ni)(ni)(ni)不(bu)會(hui)去向皇(huang)帝或(huo)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)尋求保護嗎?將(jiang)(jiang)整個后(hou)宮說(shuo)成(cheng)萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)可以(yi)為所欲為,想讓(rang)誰墮(duo)(duo)胎(tai)誰就(jiu)得墮(duo)(duo),兩位皇(huang)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)、內宮管理系統形同虛設,憲(xian)宗(zong)對自(zi)己子(zi)女被殺不(bu)聞不(bu)問(wen),真用腦想想,有(you)多大(da)(da)可能(neng)?
4.會不會萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)干得干凈利索,憲宗、太后、宮外大臣都被蒙在(zai)鼓里?太不可能了(le)!明(ming)史不是(shi)號(hao)稱“飲藥傷墜者(zhe)無數(shu)”嗎(ma)?無數(shu)就是(shi)許多的(de)(de)意思了(le),咱(zan)們(men)保守地說,假定(ding)萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)只強行令30位嬪(pin)妃(fei)(fei)墮(duo)過(guo)胎,連上(shang)這些當事(shi)人(ren)身邊的(de)(de)服(fu)侍(shi)人(ren)員(yuan),再加上(shang)萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)自己(ji)帶去(qu)實(shi)施人(ren)員(yuan),直(zhi)接知情者(zhe)就已(yi)經超(chao)過(guo)百人(ren)之上(shang),有如此龐(pang)大數(shu)量的(de)(de)目擊證(zheng)人(ren),此事(shi)能瞞得過(guo)宮內(nei)外的(de)(de)其(qi)它人(ren)嗎(ma)?
5.從作案手段上看,如果集體墮(duo)胎之(zhi)事(shi)(shi)屬(shu)實,那(nei)也(ye)太抬(tai)舉咱們中(zhong)醫藥(yao)文化了。莫(mo)說那(nei)500多年前,就(jiu)算是中(zhong)醫藥(yao)已然繁榮昌明的(de)今(jin)天(tian),哪(na)位偉大的(de)老中(zhong)醫敢站出來說,他能用中(zhong)草藥(yao)來墮(duo)胎?這是一(yi)件技術手段達(da)不到(dao)的(de)事(shi)(shi)情(qing),就(jiu)算她(ta)萬妃有(you)這心,她(ta)用中(zhong)藥(yao)也(ye)是無法做到(dao)的(de),切勿將(jiang)甄嬛傳中(zhong)的(de)墮(duo)胎情(qing)節當做科學。
6.萬(wan)(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作案動機(ji)也成(cheng)問題。你說萬(wan)(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)不讓嬪(pin)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)們生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)孩子(zi),是(shi)怕憲(xian)宗(zong)寵愛有(you)孩子(zi)的(de)嬪(pin)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)嗎(ma)?不會(hui)呀!人(ren)家(jia)憲(xian)宗(zong)自成(cheng)化(hua)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)就(jiu)有(you)了(le)第二(er)個兒(er)子(zi)了(le),成(cheng)化(hua)六年(nian)(nian)有(you)了(le)第三個兒(er)子(zi),再往后一口氣生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)二(er)十來(lai)個,但是(shi),直到成(cheng)化(hua)二(er)十三年(nian)(nian)萬(wan)(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)去世,除了(le)萬(wan)(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)她(ta)(ta)自己,也未曾見到憲(xian)宗(zong)另(ling)外去寵愛過那個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)子(zi)女的(de)嬪(pin)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。你說萬(wan)(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)是(shi)想等自己再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),由自己的(de)孩子(zi)繼(ji)承皇位(wei)(wei)吧,也不通(tong),因為(wei)成(cheng)化(hua)二(er)年(nian)(nian)她(ta)(ta)的(de)兒(er)子(zi)夭折(zhe)后,她(ta)(ta)就(jiu)已(yi)(yi)經38歲了(le),在(zai)那個時代,這(zhe)種年(nian)(nian)紀生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育的(de)可能性已(yi)(yi)經不大(da),之(zhi)后成(cheng)化(hua)五(wu)年(nian)(nian),年(nian)(nian)輕(qing)的(de)柏妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)就(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)了(le),之(zhi)后還被立為(wei)太子(zi)。都已(yi)(yi)明(ming)知自己不可能再有(you)孩子(zi)繼(ji)承皇位(wei)(wei)了(le),反(fan)正憲(xian)宗(zong)需有(you)人(ren)繼(ji)承皇位(wei)(wei),不是(shi)這(zhe)個就(jiu)是(shi)那個,那她(ta)(ta)萬(wan)(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)還阻(zu)止別人(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育的(de)意義何(he)在(zai)呢?
下面我從史料(liao)角度上,分析對(dui)萬妃(fei)(fei)的(de)第二大指控:所謂毒死孝(xiao)宗(zong)之母紀妃(fei)(fei)的(de)事兒。首(shou)先說幾點(dian)公認的(de)史實。第一(yi)、孝(xiao)宗(zong)沒出(chu)生在宮(gong)(gong)內,而是出(chu)生在宮(gong)(gong)外(wai)的(de)“安(an)(an)樂堂(tang)”(位于現(xian)北京養蜂夾道(dao)),在北安(an)(an)門(men)(現(xian)地(di)(di)安(an)(an)門(men))街西,明朝時被稱為“西內”的(de)地(di)(di)方。第二、成化十(shi)一(yi)年前,孝(xiao)宗(zong)六歲前,都同母親住在宮(gong)(gong)外(wai),外(wai)朝大臣并不知道(dao)憲宗(zong)有這么(me)一(yi)個兒子。現(xian)在的(de)說法(fa)是,孝(xiao)宗(zong)身份公開之后,萬妃(fei)(fei)大怒,給(gei)孝(xiao)宗(zong)母親喝了一(yi)杯毒酒,沒過兩天,紀妃(fei)(fei)就死了。
我(wo)按可信的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)史料將(jiang)(jiang)此(ci)(ci)事(shi)重(zhong)整,以(yi)(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)明紀(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死同萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)不(bu)(bu)可能有(you)關系(xi)。《憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)實錄(lu)》中說(shuo)(shuo)“因乾清(qing)宮(gong)門災,上(shang)(shang)欲顯示(shi)於眾”,意(yi)思是(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宮(gong)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)乾清(qing)門發生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)火(huo)災,使憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)覺得(de)上(shang)(shang)天提示(shi)他(ta)(ta)什么,于(yu)是(shi)(shi)他(ta)(ta)想將(jiang)(jiang)他(ta)(ta)已(yi)有(you)一(yi)(yi)位(wei)六(liu)歲大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(后(hou)(hou)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孝(xiao)(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)公(gong)布于(yu)眾。憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)同內閣大(da)(da)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)商(shang)定(ding),五月(yue)(yue)十(shi)九日以(yi)(yi)請大(da)(da)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)這(zhe)個孩(hai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)取(qu)名字的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式,將(jiang)(jiang)此(ci)(ci)事(shi)公(gong)布。沒(mei)過兩天,皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)就(jiu)在(zai)文(wen)華門和(he)大(da)(da)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)們(men)(men)見(jian)(jian)面了(le)。我(wo)查了(le)一(yi)(yi)下乾清(qing)門火(huo)災的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)成化十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年四(si)(si)月(yue)(yue)壬辰夜,可以(yi)(yi)看(kan)(kan)出,最(zui)遲(chi)在(zai)四(si)(si)月(yue)(yue),六(liu)歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孝(xiao)(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)已(yi)經進(jin)到(dao)宮(gong)內了(le),而他(ta)(ta)母親(qin)(qin)(qin)紀(ji)(ji)氏還留在(zai)安樂堂。在(zai)孝(xiao)(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)進(jin)宮(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou),他(ta)(ta)和(he)誰住(zhu)呢(ni)?其(qi)實,他(ta)(ta)和(he)萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)住(zhu)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)起。正(zheng)(zheng)在(zai)此(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi),三代(dai)名臣(chen)(chen)(chen),憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)最(zui)信任(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)輅(lu)(lu)和(he)其(qi)它大(da)(da)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)上(shang)(shang)了(le)一(yi)(yi)份奏(zou)章,這(zhe)篇東西很重(zhong)要(yao),我(wo)全(quan)文(wen)引(yin)述:“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)等仰(yang)惟皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)上(shang)(shang)至仁大(da)(da)孝(xiao)(xiao),通(tong)于(yu)天地,光于(yu)祖宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong),誕生(sheng)(sheng)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi),聰(cong)明岐嶷,國本攸(you)系(xi),天下歸心(xin)。重(zhong)以(yi)(yi)貴妃(fei)(fei)殿下躬親(qin)(qin)(qin)撫育(yu),保(bao)護之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勤,恩愛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚,逾于(yu)己出。凡(fan)內外(wai)(wai)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)都城士庶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)門聞(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),莫不(bu)(bu)交(jiao)口稱贊(zan),以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貴妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢,近(jin)(jin)代(dai)無比(bi),此(ci)(ci)誠(cheng)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)社無疆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福(fu)也。但外(wai)(wai)間(jian)(jian)皆謂(wei),皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母因病另(ling)居(ju)(ju),久不(bu)(bu)得(de)見(jian)(jian),揆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人情(qing)事(shi)體誠(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)未順(shun)。伏望皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)上(shang)(shang)勅(chi)令(ling)就(jiu)近(jin)(jin)居(ju)(ju)住(zhu),皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)仍煩(fan)貴妃(fei)(fei)撫育(yu),俾朝夕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)便于(yu)接見(jian)(jian),庶得(de)以(yi)(yi)遂母子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至情(qing),愜眾人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)論,不(bu)(bu)勝幸甚。”意(yi)思是(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo):……皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)上(shang)(shang)您(nin)有(you)了(le)聰(cong)慧皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi),大(da)(da)明江山(shan)國本更(geng)加(jia)穩固。令(ling)人欣慰的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi),自(zi)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)進(jin)宮(gong),萬(wan)眾尊敬(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)親(qin)(qin)(qin)自(zi)無微不(bu)(bu)至地照(zhao)顧(gu)著他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo),比(bi)對她自(zi)己親(qin)(qin)(qin)生(sheng)(sheng)兒子(zi)(zi)(zi)都要(yao)好。外(wai)(wai)朝內廷群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)(chen),及(ji)平(ping)民百姓(xing)無不(bu)(bu)對萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仁愛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)交(jiao)口稱道,她的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)賢良(liang)近(jin)(jin)代(dai)沒(mei)人得(de)以(yi)(yi)比(bi)肩,有(you)貴妃(fei)(fei)乃我(wo)大(da)(da)明的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)福(fu)分(fen)!不(bu)(bu)過外(wai)(wai)頭有(you)人議論,皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)母親(qin)(qin)(qin)(紀(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei))因病仍居(ju)(ju)安樂堂,如(ru)此(ci)(ci)他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)母子(zi)(zi)(zi)一(yi)(yi)個宮(gong)內,一(yi)(yi)個宮(gong)外(wai)(wai),不(bu)(bu)得(de)相見(jian)(jian),以(yi)(yi)母子(zi)(zi)(zi)親(qin)(qin)(qin)情(qing),希(xi)望圣上(shang)(shang)考(kao)慮(lv)外(wai)(wai)界意(yi)見(jian)(jian),將(jiang)(jiang)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)母親(qin)(qin)(qin)接進(jin)宮(gong),使他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)經常可以(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)面,而皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)仍勞煩(fan)萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)代(dai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)照(zhao)顧(gu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)好。商(shang)輅(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)到(dao)憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)批準,紀(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)正(zheng)(zheng)式搬進(jin)了(le)永壽宮(gong),時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)五月(yue)(yue)。紀(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)去世的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)六(liu)月(yue)(yue)二(er)十(shi)八(ba)日。自(zi)商(shang)輅(lu)(lu)等人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奏(zou)章,我(wo)們(men)(men)可以(yi)(yi)看(kan)(kan)出以(yi)(yi)下:其(qi)一(yi)(yi)、紀(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)根(gen)本不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)像(xiang)人們(men)(men)所(suo)說(shuo)(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)驟(zou)然去世,至少在(zai)四(si)(si)月(yue)(yue)乾清(qing)門火(huo)災時(shi)(shi)已(yi)是(shi)(shi)臥病在(zai)床了(le)。其(qi)二(er)、皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)在(zai)萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)身邊(bian)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)過一(yi)(yi)段不(bu)(bu)短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(自(zi)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)四(si)(si)月(yue)(yue)進(jin)宮(gong),到(dao)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)正(zheng)(zheng)式立為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi),之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)才開始(shi)和(he)憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)親(qin)(qin)(qin)生(sheng)(sheng)母親(qin)(qin)(qin)周太(tai)(tai)后(hou)(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)“孝(xiao)(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)既立為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi),時(shi)(shi)孝(xiao)(xiao)肅皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)(hou)居(ju)(ju)仁壽宮(gong),語帝曰:以(yi)(yi)兒付我(wo)。太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)遂居(ju)(ju)仁壽。”),至少有(you)七個月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)久。其(qi)三、萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)對皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)還不(bu)(bu)錯。我(wo)想說(shuo)(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi),如(ru)果萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)真的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)想傷(shang)害(hai)她們(men)(men)母子(zi)(zi)(zi),去害(hai)日夜都在(zai)身邊(bian),年僅六(liu)歲,什么都還不(bu)(bu)懂(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)豈不(bu)(bu)更(geng)方(fang)便,若做(zuo)掉皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi),那就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)斬(zhan)草(cao)除根(gen),沒(mei)仇報。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)何舍近(jin)(jin)求(qiu)遠,去害(hai)在(zai)憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)眼里即(ji)沒(mei)地位(wei),身體又壞(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)塌糊涂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紀(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei),你說(shuo)(shuo)對嗎?
此(ci)外(wai),指(zhi)控說(shuo)萬貴妃毒死(si)(si)(si)了孝宗之(zhi)母紀妃,也違反常識。試想(xiang),萬妃有(you)什么理由這樣(yang)做?人(ren)家是(shi)太子(zi),將來會(hui)繼承皇位(wei),你去毒殺皇位(wei)繼承人(ren)之(zhi)母,不(bu)是(shi)找死(si)(si)(si)是(shi)什么?雖然萬妃年(nian)紀比憲(xian)宗大許多,也未(wei)必因此(ci)憲(xian)宗一定不(bu)會(hui)死(si)(si)(si)在(zai)她(ta)前(qian)邊,誰不(bu)知道(dao)明朝皇帝一個兩(liang)個,都是(shi)英年(nian)早逝。就(jiu)(jiu)算現在(zai)憲(xian)宗寵你,萬一憲(xian)宗死(si)(si)(si)在(zai)你前(qian)頭,那新皇帝孝宗跟你可就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)殺母之(zhi)仇(chou)要報(bao)啊!萬貞(zhen)兒為何(he)愚蠢地去做對己只有(you)壞處(chu)無任何(he)好處(chu)的事?
500余(yu)年來(lai),作(zuo)為(wei)第一個為(wei)萬貞(zhen)兒鳴(ming)冤的人,常(chang)常(chang)自(zi)忖(cun):為(wei)何萬貞(zhen)兒這(zhe)樣一位良(liang)善女子,最后落得如(ru)此聲名(ming)狼藉(jie)呢?就連我這(zhe)等業(ye)余(yu)歷史研究水準(zhun)的人,都輕易可以看(kan)出,強加在她身上的,實屬(shu)不實之詞,為(wei)何卻從來(lai)沒有(you)專業(ye)歷史研究人員,站出來(lai)為(wei)她說(shuo)句(ju)公道話(hua)呢?良(liang)思許久,可能(neng)是與(yu)以下有(you)關:
1.中國傳統(tong)的(de)“紅顏禍(huo)水(shui)”的(de)史學觀。憲(xian)宗(zong)幾十年如一(yi)(yi)日(ri)對她(ta)的(de)專寵(chong),不(bu)(bu)僅使她(ta)得罪了所有宮(gong)內(nei)人士,及后來(lai)繼承皇位的(de)明(ming)孝宗(zong),他(她(ta))們嫉恨(hen)萬妃的(de)心(xin)態不(bu)(bu)難(nan)理解;更重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)是,這種專寵(chong)也(ye)使她(ta)得罪了宮(gong)外龐(pang)大(da)的(de)封建士大(da)夫(fu)集(ji)團,他們對憲(xian)宗(zong)皇帝的(de)一(yi)(yi)切錯,甚至(zhi)出現天災,都可(ke)(ke)輕(qing)易地(di)歸(gui)咎(jiu)于憲(xian)宗(zong)的(de)專寵(chong),這原(yuan)本是歷代(dai)封建王(wang)朝(chao)的(de)特(te)征之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi),總愛(ai)在(zai)找宮(gong)中一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)不(bu)(bu)順眼(yan)的(de)女性,將她(ta)們當作禍(huo)國的(de)根源,在(zai)這種思維之(zhi)(zhi)下,那些(xie)(xie)受(shou)(shou)寵(chong)的(de)女子就首當其(qi)沖的(de)被(bei)當作靶子。可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)這樣說,中國歷朝(chao)歷代(dai),那些(xie)(xie)受(shou)(shou)寵(chong)于皇帝的(de)女子,很難(nan)得以(yi)(yi)美名(ming)傳世,不(bu)(bu)往她(ta)們身上潑(po)點兒臟水(shui),大(da)家心(xin)里就不(bu)(bu)會舒服。
2.還有,我們(men)中國人古往今來,從骨(gu)子(zi)里對女(nv)性就(jiu)不(bu)尊重(zhong)。我們(men)不(bu)大會(hui)(hui)欣賞女(nv)性,不(bu)太會(hui)(hui)歌頌男女(nv)之間真摯情感(gan)。凡看萬貞兒與憲宗(zong)的關系,必先看年齡差異,必去私(si)下(xia)思想(xiang)萬貞兒有何種性的秘訣,使(shi)得(de)憲宗(zong)對她(ta)終(zhong)身迷戀不(bu)已,想(xiang)不(bu)出(chu)來的,加上變(bian)態(tai)(tai)二字也就(jiu)一了百(bai)(bai)了。因此,簡而言之,五百(bai)(bai)多(duo)年來,當我們(men)碰到萬貞兒這(zhe)么一位歷史人物時(shi),我們(men)主觀上,潛(qian)意識中,骨(gu)子(zi)里根本(ben)就(jiu)不(bu)愿意把她(ta)往好里想(xiang)!試問,若天(tian)下(xia)人皆此心態(tai)(tai),她(ta)能好得(de)了嗎?
萬(wan)娘(niang)(niang)墳(fen),位于北(bei)京市昌平區衛星城西北(bei)7公(gong)里,十三(san)陵鎮所轄(xia)行政村(cun)。清(qing)代(dai)成村(cun)。因村(cun)域(yu)內(nei)有明憲宗朱見深的貴妃萬(wan)氏的園(yuan)寢(qin)(qin),村(cun)民(min)大多是(shi)清(qing)朝(chao)看守萬(wan)貴妃園(yuan)寢(qin)(qin)的墳(fen)戶的后(hou)代(dai),村(cun)落(luo)因墳(fen)得名,稱萬(wan)娘(niang)(niang)娘(niang)(niang)墳(fen),簡稱萬(wan)娘(niang)(niang)墳(fen)。該墓二十世紀三(san)十年代(dai)末被(bei)盜,存園(yuan)寢(qin)(qin)的圍墻、門樓、無家(jia)石碑等。該村(cun)原名萬(wan)娘(niang)(niang)娘(niang)(niang)墳(fen),后(hou)簡稱今名。
萬娘墳(fen)位于(yu)蘇山(shan)東(dong)麓,坐(zuo)西北朝東(dong)南(nan),整體布局(ju)為(wei)前方(fang)后(hou)圓(yuan)(yuan)。方(fang)形(xing)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)落面寬197.8米,進(jin)(jin)(jin)深138.5米,園(yuan)寢圍墻用綠色琉(liu)璃(li)筒瓦(wa),黃色琉(liu)璃(li)滴水。正中為(wei)硬山(shan)式(shi)琉(liu)璃(li)構(gou)件(jian)的園(yuan)寢門,兩側各(ge)(ge)有(you)一座隨墻角門。門內為(wei)兩進(jin)(jin)(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)落,第二進(jin)(jin)(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)落正中有(you)享殿,面闊五間,進(jin)(jin)(jin)深三(san)間,兩廂配殿各(ge)(ge)三(san)間。享殿后(hou)有(you)門,可進(jin)(jin)(jin)入半圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)的寢園(yuan),中軸線上由前至后(hou)設(she)照壁、石碣(jie)(即(ji)圓(yuan)(yuan)頂的碑石)、石供(gong)案和(he)墓(mu)冢(zhong)。明代設(she)官軍守衛,有(you)官員管(guan)理。清(qing)代改為(wei)墳(fen)戶(hu)看(kan)守后(hou),看(kan)墳(fen)人及(ji)家眷(juan)即(ji)住在園(yuan)寢的第一進(jin)(jin)(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)落內,經世代繁衍,形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)村落。后(hou)因院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內狹小,清(qing)末民(min)初就將民(min)居擴建到園(yuan)寢院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)外,形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)村落格局(ju)。
萬娘墳作為明十三(san)陵(ling)的(de)(de)文物(wu)古(gu)跡(ji)之一,至今已(yi)有(you)500多(duo)年(nian)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)了。由于清朝中、晚期失修,園(yuan)寢(qin)內的(de)(de)享殿、配殿在清末已(yi)傾毀,現(xian)僅存圍墻、碣(jie)石、供案等古(gu)跡(ji)。1937年(nian)秋天,長陵(ling)園(yuan)的(de)(de)程(cheng)彥斌率(lv)眾將萬娘墳的(de)(de)墓室盜掘,隨葬(zang)器(qi)物(wu)大部(bu)分流失。解放以后,由于人(ren)民政府重視文物(wu)保護(hu)工作,現(xian)有(you)文物(wu)得到保護(hu)。園(yuan)寢(qin)東門外有(you)1棵古(gu)槐,墓園(yuan)內有(you)2棵古(gu)柏,均被(bei)列為北(bei)京市一級保護(hu)古(gu)樹,現(xian)已(yi)受到政府與村民的(de)(de)妥善管護(hu)。
史料順(shun)序(xu)為時(shi)間順(shun)序(xu):
1.《明(ming)憲宗實錄》
2.《勝朝(chao)彤(tong)史拾(shi)遺記·萬妃(fei)傳》
3.《國朝典故卷之五(wu)十七·謇(jian)齋(zhai)瑣綴錄(lu)五(wu)》
4.《明史紀事(shi)本末·卷四十二·弘治君臣》
5.《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·懷(huai)恩安(an)儲》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·天家生(sheng)(sheng)母不同》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·憲宗廢后》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·孝(xiao)宗生(sheng)(sheng)母》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·萬貴(gui)妃(fei)》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·今上家法》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·滇南寶井》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·皇子追封(feng)》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·憲孝(xiao)二廟盛德(de)》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·士(shi)人無賴》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·列朝貴(gui)妃(fei)姓氏》、《萬歷(li)(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)·廢后加禮》
6.《彭文憲公筆(bi)記》
7.《明宮詞》8.《皇明奇事述(shu)》
9.《國朝(chao)獻徵錄(lu)》
10.《明朝小史卷十(shi)》
11.《明史(shi)·萬貴妃(fei)傳》、《明史(shi)·吳廢后傳》、《明史(shi)·王皇后傳》、《明史(shi)·紀太(tai)后傳》、《明史(shi)·本紀第(di)十五·孝宗(zong)》
《明(ming)史(shi)·志第(di)三十·禮(li)八(嘉禮(li)二)·冊妃之儀》、《明(ming)史(shi)·萬安傳》、《明(ming)史(shi)·趙(zhao)勝傳》、《明(ming)史(shi)·彭時傳》
《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)·商(shang)輅傳(chuan)》、《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)·劉定之傳(chuan)》、《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)·邱弘傳(chuan)》、《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)·李森傳(chuan)》、《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)·魏元傳(chuan)》、《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)·陳壽(shou)傳(chuan)》
《明史(shi)·張泰傳(chuan)》、《明史(shi)潘(pan)榮傳(chuan)》、《明史(shi)王徽(hui)傳(chuan)》、《明史(shi)曹璘(lin)傳(chuan)》、《明史(shi)周彧傳(chuan)》、《賈(jia)繼春列傳(chuan)》
《池北偶談》
12.《冷(leng)廬雜識(shi)·卷四》
13.《曲(qu)海(hai)總(zong)目(mu)提要·賣愁村》、《曲(qu)海(hai)總(zong)目(mu)提要·卷二十(shi)二》、《曲(qu)海(hai)總(zong)目(mu)提要·卷三(san)十(shi)九》
14.《金門志·張敏傳》
15.《南疆繹史·繹史摭(zhi)遺卷一》
16.《陔余叢(cong)考(kao)·卷十七(qi)·唐時簿尉受杖》
17.《金臺答問錄(lu)》
《明實(shi)錄·萬貴妃傳(chuan)》
成化二年春正月
○壬(ren)戌,皇(huang)長子長母曰(yue)萬(wan)氏(shi)
成化(hua)二年三月壬寅朔
○辛亥,冊封萬氏(shi)為(wei)貴(gui)妃,柏氏(shi)為(wei)賢(xian)妃,上(shang)御奉天(tian)殿(dian)命太保會昌侯、孫繼宗少保、吏部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)書兼華蓋(gai)殿(dian)大學士李賢(xian)為(wei)正(zheng)使(shi),太子少保戶部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)書馬(ma)昂、禮(li)部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)書姚夔為(wei)副使(shi)各持節行(xing)禮(li)
○癸丑,授順天府(fu)霸(ba)州民萬貴(gui)(gui)為(wei)錦衣衛正千戶(hu),升錦衣衛指(zhi)揮僉事,柏(bo)珍(zhen)為(wei)指(zhi)揮同知(zhi)。貴(gui)(gui),貴(gui)(gui)妃之父;珍(zhen),賢(xian)妃父也。
成化二年十一月
○甲午,皇長子薨,上諭禮(li)部曰:皇子薨逝,朕甚感傷(shang),祭葬(zang)之(zhi)禮(li)其酙酌以聞,于是禮(li)部議按禮(li)八歲(sui)以下(xia)為(wei)無服(fu)之(zhi)殤祭葬(zang)禮(li)儀俱合,從簡(jian)祭不用牲用素羞出殯日上服(fu),淺(qian)淡服(fu)明日百官行奉慰(wei)禮(li)。
成化三年九月
○戊(wu)寅,升(sheng)錦衣(yi)衛正千戶萬貴為本衛世襲指揮僉事貴,貴妃萬氏(shi)父也。
成化七年春正月
○甲寅,錦(jin)衣衛帶俸指揮(hui)使萬貴以老病乞(qi)辭俸,上(shang)特命支俸優養之,貴貴妃父也。
成(cheng)化十一年(nian)秋七月(yue)
○戊午,錦(jin)衣(yi)衛(wei)指揮(hui)使(shi)萬貴卒貴,山(shan)東(dong)諸城縣人充(chong)吏(li)坐(zuo)事(shi)謫(zhe)編戶霸州,成化初以女為貴妃,恩歷升錦(jin)衣(yi)衛(wei)指揮(hui)使(shi),至是卒命有司給賻并(bing)葬(zang)祭,視常例加隆貴處閭閻,曾執役(yi)公門頗(po)知禮法,每受重賞輒憂形于色,見其子驕侈過度(du)則戒其毋妄費,曰:官家賜物皆注(zhu)于歷,他日(ri)復(fu)來追汝(ru)無以為償(chang)。子三人喜通達而通尤恣(zi)肆。
成化十二年十月
○戊寅以(yi)定西侯(hou)蔣琬為(wei)(wei)正使(shi)禮部尚書兼文(wen)淵閣大學士,萬(wan)安為(wei)(wei)副(fu)使(shi)持節冊,貴妃萬(wan)氏為(wei)(wei)皇貴妃,邵氏為(wei)(wei)宸妃,王(wang)氏為(wei)(wei)順妃,梁氏為(wei)(wei)和妃,王(wang)氏為(wei)(wei)昭妃。
冊皇貴(gui)妃(昭(zhao)德皇貴(gui)妃萬(wan)貞兒)曰(yue):天下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)在(zai)國(guo),國(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)在(zai)家,二(er)帝三王以來未有家齊(qi)而天下(xia)(xia)不(bu)治者也(ye),朕(zhen)率(lv)是道(dao)以臨(lin)萬(wan)邦,厥有褒升必先內德,申錫贊書之(zhi)(zhi)美,載揚彤管(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)華(hua),庸(yong)進錫于(yu)(yu)徽稱,乃克(ke)彰于(yu)(yu)異數,貴(gui)妃萬(wan)氏柔明而專(zhuan)靜(jing),端懿而惠和,率(lv)禮稱詩實(shi)稟(bing),貞于(yu)(yu)茂(mao)族進規,退矩遂冠德于(yu)(yu)后宮,動則聞環(huan)佩之(zhi)(zhi)音(yin),居則視箴圖之(zhi)(zhi)戒(jie)寵(chong),愈加而愈慎,譽益顯而益恭副,予關睢(sui)樂得之(zhi)(zhi)心克(ke)謹(jin),雞鳴儆戒(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)相成,既久(jiu)輔助(zhu)良多(duo),是用度越彝章進超位(wei),序茲(zi)特以金(jin)冊金(jin)寶加封(feng)爾為皇貴(gui)妃,于(yu)(yu)戲位(wei)亞坤儀峻陟列(lie)妃之(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)。
成(cheng)化十(shi)二(er)年十(shi)一月
○甲申,太監(jian)黃賜傳奉圣旨,升錦衣衛正(zheng)千(qian)戶(hu)萬通(tong)為(wei)指(zhi)揮僉事,副千(qian)戶(hu)萬達軍人,邵宗王敏為(wei)正(zheng)千(qian)戶(hu),俱世襲。通(tong)達皇貴妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)弟,宗宸妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)弟,敏順妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)弟也。
成化十四年二月
○升錦衣衛指揮使(shi)萬喜為(wei)都指揮,同知指揮僉事萬通為(wei)指揮使(shi)正千戶(hu),萬達為(wei)指揮僉事。仍與世襲喜等(deng)俱,皇貴妃兄弟也(ye)。
成化十八年三月
○錦(jin)(jin)衣(yi)帶俸都指(zhi)揮僉事萬通(tong)卒(zu),命有司給賻(fu)并葬(zang)祭,視常例有加(jia)通(tong)貴(gui)妃之(zhi)弟行(xing)(xing),二(er)時不稱其(qi)(qi)官惟以行(xing)(xing)第(di)稱萬二(er)云通(tong),少貧賤與兄俱(ju)以負販為業(ye),一(yi)旦驟貴(gui)初猶畏懼不敢恣肆,既而(er)閭巷(xiang)惡少見其(qi)(qi)勢焰(yan),方(fang)(fang)起爭趨附之(zhi)誘以為奸,時方(fang)(fang)尚寶(bao)石(shi)器(qi)玩小人(ren)之(zhi)乘(cheng)時,射利者(zhe)(zhe)作為奇(qi)技淫巧以邀厚利,內(nei)外交通(tong)互相估(gu)價,取直至百千倍府軍已。空(kong)而(er)償(chang)其(qi)(qi)直猶不足其(qi)(qi)所制造者(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)無用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)物。然亦無甚奇(qi)異者(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)時進(jin)奉者(zhe)(zhe)毋慮(lv)數十(shi)家第(di)宅,服(fu)用(yong)(yong)僭擬(ni)王侯窮奢極侈,每一(yi)給直車載銀錢自內(nei)帑出(chu),道路絡繹不絕見者(zhe)(zhe)駭嘆,在(zai)內(nei)則仗內(nei)臣梁方(fang)(fang),外則富(fu)民爭庀工制為新巧托通(tong)以進(jin),分其(qi)(qi)利通(tong)為人(ren)淫暴戾黷放蕩無節,平居(ju)未嘗衣(yi)冠有徐(xu)達(da)者(zhe)(zhe),妻(qi)美而(er)艷通(tong)見而(er)悅之(zhi)因(yin)收達(da)為家人(ren),而(er)納(na)其(qi)(qi)妻(qi)令達(da)在(zai)兩淮中鹽(yan)通(tong)遘疾時,達(da)適歸通(tong)聞達(da)與妻(qi)私語(yu)哽(geng)咽而(er)至于死,達(da)后亦挾所得通(tong)余貲(zi)得為錦(jin)(jin)衣(yi)衛任事指(zhi)揮。
成化二(er)十三年(nian)春(chun)正月
○皇貴妃(fei)萬氏薨(hong),妃(fei)青州諸城縣人,父貴為(wei)縣吏謫居霸州,妃(fei)生宣德,庚戌四歲選(xuan)入(ru)掖庭侍(shi),圣烈慈(ci)壽(shou)皇太(tai)(tai)后及(ji)(ji)(ji)笄命侍(shi),上(shang)于(yu)青宮(gong)(gong),上(shang)即位遂專寵(chong)皇后吳氏廢實由于(yu)妃(fei)及(ji)(ji)(ji),今皇太(tai)(tai)后王氏正(zheng)位中(zhong)宮(gong)(gong)每以厚德優容之(zhi)(zhi)妃(fei)亦(yi)機警善(shan)迎(ying)合,上(shang)意(yi)且(qie)籠絡群(qun)下令(ling)覘候動(dong)靜六(liu)宮(gong)(gong)希得進御,成化丙戌生皇子一人,上(shang)為(wei)遣內官詣,山川寺觀掛袍行香(xiang)以祈陰佑,因(yin)封貴妃(fei),皇子未晬而(er)薨(hong),妃(fei)亦(yi)自(zi)是(shi)不復娠(shen)育,數年(nian)儲嗣未兆中(zhong)外以為(wei)憂(you)言者每勸(quan),上(shang)恩澤當(dang)溥(pu)然未敢顯,言妃(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)妒也,惟給事中(zhong)李森言及(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi),而(er)寵(chong)益(yi)甚(shen)初居昭德宮(gong)(gong),后移安(an)喜宮(gong)(gong)進封皇貴妃(fei)。服用(yong)器物(wu)窮極僭儗,四方進奉奇技異(yi)物(wu)皆(jie)歸之(zhi)(zhi)一門父兄弟,侄皆(jie)授以都(dou)督都(dou)指揮千百戶(hu)等官,賚賜金珠(zhu)寶(bao)玉無筭(suan)甲第(di)宏侈田。孝(xiao)穆(mu)皇太(tai)(tai)后以妃(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)故,孫居西(xi)內數年(nian)而(er)崩至是(shi),上(shang)郊(jiao)祀回,值天大(da)霧,人皆(jie)驚訝,翌(yi)日(ri)慶成宴(yan)罷,上(shang)還宮(gong)(gong),忽報云妃(fei)薨(hong)逝矣,上(shang)震,悼(dao)輟(chuo)視朝七日(ri)謚曰恭肅端慎榮靖葬,天壽(shou)山西(xi)南凡喪禮(li)皆(jie)從厚。
成化二十(shi)三年二月
○乙亥,命工部右侍郎陳政代左(zuo)侍郎賈(jia)俊(jun)董(dong)修(xiu)皇貴妃萬氏墳,塋以尚書謝一夔有疾俊(jun)當署掌(zhang)部事(shi)故也。
成(cheng)化二(er)十(shi)三(san)年三(san)月
○丙(bing)午,葬皇(huang)貴(gui)妃萬氏,命(ming)昌(chang)寧(ning)伯趙勝祀(si)后土之神。
【很多關于萬(wan)貴(gui)妃的(de)流言蜚語(yu),多從野(ye)史(shi)(shi)中出(chu)現,正史(shi)(shi)《明(ming)實錄》并(bing)未(wei)有記(ji)載,因此不(bu)可信。清編《明(ming)史(shi)(shi)》沒(mei)有根據正史(shi)(shi)《明(ming)實錄》記(ji)載,而是從野(ye)史(shi)(shi)中記(ji)錄了萬(wan)貴(gui)妃的(de)事跡。】
冊皇(huang)貴妃(fei)(昭德皇(huang)貴妃(fei)萬貞兒)。曰:天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)在(zai)國,國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)在(zai)家,二帝三王(wang)以(yi)來(lai)未(wei)有家齊而(er)(er)天下不治者也(ye),朕率(lv)是道以(yi)臨萬邦,厥有褒升必先內(nei)德,申錫(xi)贊書之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美,載揚彤管之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)華,庸進錫(xi)于(yu)徽稱,乃克(ke)彰(zhang)于(yu)異(yi)數,貴妃(fei)萬氏柔明而(er)(er)專靜,端(duan)懿而(er)(er)惠和,率(lv)禮(li)稱詩實稟(bing),貞于(yu)茂族進規,退矩(ju)遂冠德于(yu)后宮,動則聞環(huan)佩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音,居(ju)則視箴圖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戒寵,愈(yu)加而(er)(er)愈(yu)慎(shen),譽益顯而(er)(er)益恭副,予關(guan)睢樂得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心克(ke)謹,雞鳴儆戒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道相成(cheng),既久輔助良多,是用度越彝章(zhang)進超位,序茲特以(yi)金(jin)冊金(jin)寶加封爾為皇(huang)貴妃(fei),于(yu)戲(xi)位亞坤儀峻陟列妃(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首。
《大(da)明(ming)萬(wan)妃(fei)傳》,作者:磚娃,長江文出版社(she)出版發(fa)行,2016年(nian)5月
《大(da)明萬妃傳》是一部還原(yuan)歷史真相的小說,對(dui)過去(qu)許(xu)多人云(yun)亦云(yun),似乎已成定論(lun),但又明顯不符合(he)明朝中期歷史原(yuan)貌的人物、事件,皆按真實情形描述。