恭肅貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)萬貞兒(1430年—1487年),后世(shi)多(duo)稱為“萬貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)”,山東青州諸城人,明憲(xian)宗朱見深妃(fei)(fei)(fei)嬪,榮冠后宮。
萬(wan)貞兒(er)是朱見深幼年時期的(de)保姆。明(ming)憲宗即位(wei)時便封年長(chang)他(ta)17歲的(de)萬(wan)貞兒(er)為貴(gui)(gui)妃(fei)。成(cheng)化(hua)二年正月,生(sheng)下明(ming)憲宗的(de)皇長(chang)子(zi)(zi),明(ming)憲宗大喜(xi),加封她為皇貴(gui)(gui)妃(fei)。同年十(shi)一月,皇長(chang)子(zi)(zi)薨。
成(cheng)化二十(shi)三(san)年春天,因暴疾過世,帝明(ming)憲宗為(wei)此(ci)輟朝七日,下令上(shang)謚(shi)曰恭肅端慎榮(rong)靖皇貴妃,埋葬于(yu)北京市昌平區(qu)衛(wei)星城西北7公(gong)里的萬娘墳。
萬貞兒(er)(er)之父萬貴因親屬犯罪而被(bei)謫(zhe)居(ju)霸(ba)州,為了使日后(hou)有(you)所依(yi)靠(kao),他托付(fu)同鄉(xiang)把(ba)年僅四歲的(de)女兒(er)(er)萬貞兒(er)(er)帶進皇宮當(dang)宮女。年幼的(de)萬貞兒(er)(er)十分(fen)懂事乖巧,深得孝恭孫皇后(hou)的(de)喜愛。
到了正統十(shi)四年,當時的(de)(de)皇(huang)帝(di)朱(zhu)(zhu)祁(qi)鎮被瓦剌捕(bu)去(qu),國不(bu)(bu)可一日無(wu)君,孫太(tai)后以郕王朱(zhu)(zhu)祁(qi)鈺暫替皇(huang)帝(di)位,立朱(zhu)(zhu)見(jian)(jian)深(shen)為太(tai)子。而那(nei)時的(de)(de)萬(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)已經成(cheng)了十(shi)九歲的(de)(de)妙(miao)齡少(shao)女,也(ye)被孫太(tai)后派去(qu)照料(liao)年僅(jin)兩歲的(de)(de)朱(zhu)(zhu)見(jian)(jian)深(shen)。至此(ci),幼小的(de)(de)太(tai)子與萬(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)形影(ying)不(bu)(bu)離。
后來(lai),朱(zhu)祁(qi)(qi)鈺產生(sheng)了廢(fei)掉(diao)朱(zhu)見(jian)深,立己子(zi)為(wei)太子(zi)的念頭,并付(fu)諸(zhu)行(xing)動,將朱(zhu)見(jian)深廢(fei)為(wei)沂王,立己子(zi)朱(zhu)見(jian)濟為(wei)太子(zi)。朱(zhu)祁(qi)(qi)鎮(zhen)復(fu)辟(pi)后,朱(zhu)見(jian)深又被復(fu)立為(wei)太子(zi)。
朱見深自小不(bu)與母親一同(tong)生活,而萬貞(zhen)兒時常(chang)在其(qi)身邊照顧他,如同(tong)母親一般。因此,朱見深便對萬貞(zhen)兒產生了(le)一種別樣的感(gan)情(qing)。
天順八年,明英(ying)宗(zong)(zong)崩,十八歲的(de)皇(huang)太子朱見(jian)深(shen)即位(wei)為(wei)(wei)帝,是為(wei)(wei)憲宗(zong)(zong)。當上皇(huang)帝的(de)朱見(jian)深(shen)要做的(de)第(di)一(yi)件事(shi)就是冊封心愛的(de)萬貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)為(wei)(wei)皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)。但(dan)他(ta)(ta)的(de)生(sheng)母周太后(hou)(hou)強烈(lie)反(fan)對,萬般無奈(nai)下(xia)(xia)憲宗(zong)(zong)只能(neng)(neng)屈服(fu),立宗(zong)(zong)室女吳氏為(wei)(wei)皇(huang)后(hou)(hou),改立萬貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)為(wei)(wei)貴妃。年輕美貌的(de)皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)并沒有打(da)動憲宗(zong)(zong),他(ta)(ta)依然(ran)與萬貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)如漆似(si)膠,形(xing)影不離。由(you)于憲宗(zong)(zong)對吳皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)不聞不問(wen),吳皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)一(yi)氣之下(xia)(xia)對萬貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)動用(yong)了(le)杖刑(xing)。此事(shi)很快就被傳開(kai)了(le),并傳到(dao)了(le)皇(huang)帝朱見(jian)深(shen)的(de)耳朵(duo)里,不能(neng)(neng)忍受(shou)(shou)心愛的(de)女人受(shou)(shou)苦(ku),血氣方(fang)剛的(de)憲宗(zong)(zong)下(xia)(xia)令(ling)廢(fei)后(hou)(hou),盡管有太后(hou)(hou)與大臣(chen)的(de)阻(zu)攔(lan),朱見(jian)深(shen)還是廢(fei)了(le)吳皇(huang)后(hou)(hou),并處罰了(le)阻(zu)礙他(ta)(ta)廢(fei)后(hou)(hou)的(de)大臣(chen)。后(hou)(hou)升(sheng)先帝所命(ming)的(de)王氏為(wei)(wei)皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)。
成化(hua)二年(nian),已經三(san)十七歲(sui)的(de)(de)貴妃(fei)萬貞兒(er)生下(xia)皇長子(zi),憲宗大喜,立(li)即(ji)進她為皇貴妃(fei),并許諾(nuo)立(li)其子(zi)為太子(zi),又(you)派出(chu)使者四(si)處禱告山川(chuan)諸(zhu)神(shen)。誰知偏偏天(tian)不從人愿(yuan),一年(nian)后,她的(de)(de)兒(er)子(zi)居然(ran)夭折了,這(zhe)也(ye)是她一生中唯一的(de)(de)兒(er)子(zi)。
成化(hua)二十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)正(zheng)月,皇貴(gui)妃(fei)萬貞兒(er)去世(shi),時年(nian)五十(shi)(shi)八歲(sui)。得(de)到消息的(de)憲宗(zong)不(bu)(bu)禁嚎啕大(da)哭,哀嘆道:“貞兒(er)不(bu)(bu)在人(ren)世(shi),我亦命不(bu)(bu)久矣。”他主持貴(gui)妃(fei)的(de)葬禮(li)一(yi)如皇后(hou)之例,并輟朝七日。同年(nian)八月,郁(yu)郁(yu)寡(gua)歡(huan)的(de)明憲宗(zong)朱見深駕(jia)崩(beng),終年(nian)四十(shi)(shi)一(yi)歲(sui)。
朱見深兩歲(sui)(sui)立為(wei)太子時(shi)(shi),開始服侍(shi)他(ta)的,是19歲(sui)(sui)的宮女萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er);他(ta)10歲(sui)(sui)再立為(wei)太子時(shi)(shi),萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)已27歲(sui)(sui);到他(ta)18歲(sui)(sui)即(ji)位時(shi)(shi),萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)已35歲(sui)(sui)。他(ta)不忘萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)對(dui)自(zi)己的愛護和體貼,也(ye)不因她(ta)比自(zi)己年(nian)(nian)長(chang)17歲(sui)(sui)、顏色漸衰(shuai)而(er)嫌棄,冊封她(ta)為(wei)皇貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)。更為(wei)少有的是,明(ming)憲(xian)宗朱見深在位23年(nian)(nian),始終(zhong)如一(yi)地專寵萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),1487年(nian)(nian),58歲(sui)(sui)的萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)病死,憲(xian)宗很傷心,也(ye)一(yi)病不起,于同年(nian)(nian)而(er)逝,享(xiang)年(nian)(nian)僅41歲(sui)(sui)!他(ta)專寵了萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)一(yi)輩子。無(wu)論(lun)怎樣,這都是段千古佳(jia)話,而(er)朱見深終(zhong)其(qi)一(yi)生都只愛萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)一(yi)個女人。
萬貞兒以(yi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)卑微的宮女,半(ban)老(lao)徐(xu)娘之身(shen),竟一(yi)舉(ju)奪寵,寵冠后宮,做了二十多年無(wu)(wu)名有實的皇后。各種(zhong)原由,無(wu)(wu)人能曉。至于憲宗的兩個(ge)(ge)皇后吳氏和王氏,一(yi)個(ge)(ge)是(shi)新(xin)婚伊始便守活寡,一(yi)個(ge)(ge)是(shi)當了一(yi)輩子的傀儡。
歷朝(chao)歷代得寵的(de)(de)妃子(zi)很(hen)多,但若論情況(kuang)之離奇卻誰也(ye)(ye)(ye)比不(bu)過大明王朝(chao)第八(ba)位皇(huang)帝明憲(xian)宗的(de)(de)寵妃萬(wan)貞兒。一個大皇(huang)帝十七歲的(de)(de)女(nv)人,從小撫育(yu)陪伴皇(huang)子(zi)長大成(cheng)人,并做(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)皇(huang)帝的(de)(de)第一個女(nv)人,亦母亦姐的(de)(de)奶娘關(guan)系變(bian)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)男女(nv)夫妻關(guan)系,并且牢(lao)牢(lao)占(zhan)領了(le)(le)(le)皇(huang)帝的(de)(de)心(xin),擁有他一生的(de)(de)寵幸摯愛,就此(ci)說來,除了(le)(le)(le)明憲(xian)宗有戀母情節外,萬(wan)貴妃倒也(ye)(ye)(ye)是個有魅(mei)力的(de)(de)女(nv)人!在(zai)眾多的(de)(de)野史和影視作品中萬(wan)貴妃也(ye)(ye)(ye)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)妖妃惡女(nv),被世人唾棄。
明英宗的兒子(zi)朱(zhu)見深(shen)即帝位時十(shi)七歲,正(zheng)是青春年(nian)少的時候。兩宮太后為替(ti)新皇帝選(xuan)擇皇后人選(xuan)頗費了一番(fan)心思(si)。她(ta)們在英宗生前親(qin)自替(ti)兒子(zi)選(xuan)定的十(shi)二名(ming)淑女中(zhong),再行認(ren)真挑選(xuan),選(xuan)了王、吳、柏三人留住宮中(zhong),慢慢考察。
憲宗的生母(mu)周太后(hou)命司禮(li)監牛玉在三名淑媛中選定一人為皇后(hou)。牛玉對周太后(hou)說,先帝在時曾屬(shu)意吳女(nv)(nv)(nv)和(he)王女(nv)(nv)(nv),我看二女(nv)(nv)(nv)姿貌(mao)相(xiang)當,分(fen)不出誰更美麗端莊(zhuang),比(bi)較(jiao)起來,似是吳女(nv)(nv)(nv)更為賢淑。周太后(hou)便作主替憲宗擇定吳氏(shi)為皇后(hou),錢太后(hou)當然沒(mei)有什(shen)么意見(jian)。
誰知大婚(hun)之(zhi)后,皇帝新郎(lang)并不(bu)(bu)貪戀(lian)吳皇后的(de)青春美色(se),而是常常宿在嬪(pin)妃萬氏(shi)宮(gong)中,這使(shi)吳皇后又氣又羞。她不(bu)(bu)明白(bai),自己哪一點比(bi)不(bu)(bu)上徐娘半老的(de)萬妃,無論姿色(se)才學還(huan)是門第修養?她更(geng)不(bu)(bu)明白(bai)的(de)是,比(bi)皇帝年齡大十七歲的(de)萬妃用什(shen)么手(shou)段(duan)把(ba)皇帝的(de)心死死住?
原來,大婚前的憲宗,早已同年過三十的宮女萬(wan)(wan)貞兒(er)有了私情(qing)。萬(wan)(wan)貞兒(er)原籍(ji)青州(zhou)諸城(cheng)(今山東(dong)省諸城(cheng)市)人,父(fu)親萬(wan)(wan)貴(gui)為縣衙掾吏,因親屬犯(fan)罪而被謫(zhe)居霸(ba)州(zhou)。萬(wan)(wan)貞兒(er)年僅四歲便(bian)充(chong)入(ru)掖庭為奴,十多年后(hou)出落得(de)花容月貌。孫太后(hou)憐她聰明伶俐,命她在紅壽宮管理服(fu)裝衣飾等事。
天順六年(nian),孫太后病死(si),年(nian)已十(shi)(shi)五的皇(huang)太子乘機把(ba)萬貞兒要進東宮(gong)做自己的貼身侍(shi)女。盡管貞兒已年(nian)過(guo)三十(shi)(shi),但因仍(reng)是(shi)處(chu)女,且華(hua)色猶濃,看上去(qu)不過(guo)二十(shi)(shi)左右。從(cong)此(ci),兩人便瞞(man)著宮(gong)里(li)人,干起了風流韻事。
憲宗(zong)即位(wei)后,唯戀(lian)著萬貞兒一人。照(zhao)他心思(si),是要冊(ce)立萬貞兒為(wei)皇后,但(dan)以一個年齡(ling)比他大十七歲,又是微賤的宮女之身,想坐(zuo)上皇后寶座(zuo),幾乎是做(zuo)夢。迫于禮制,也(ye)迫于母命,憲宗(zong)只得與吳皇后成婚(hun)。
憲宗(zong)和吳(wu)皇后大(da)婚以后,年(nian)輕美貌的(de)皇后并沒有打動憲宗(zong),他依然(ran)與萬(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)如(ru)漆似膠(jiao),形影不(bu)離(li)。由于憲宗(zong)對吳(wu)皇后不(bu)聞不(bu)問,吳(wu)皇后便把這一切歸結到(dao)了萬(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)身上(shang),對萬(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)動用了杖(zhang)刑,打的(de)萬(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)站(zhan)立不(bu)起(qi)。此事很(hen)快就(jiu)被傳開(kai)了,并傳到(dao)了憲宗(zong)朱見深的(de)耳朵里。
這下可不(bu)(bu)(bu)得了,憲(xian)宗(zong)大怒,要(yao)找(zhao)吳(wu)皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)評理,萬貞兒(er)攔(lan)住憲(xian)宗(zong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)讓去(qu)(qu)鬧。憲(xian)宗(zong)是又恨皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)又憐萬貞兒(er),伸手慢慢解(jie)開了萬貞兒(er)的衣服,見(jian)她(ta)雪也似白嫩的肌(ji)膚上面,一道(dao)(dao)道(dao)(dao)杖痕(hen)透著血色,不(bu)(bu)(bu)由怒從心頭起(qi),發(fa)誓道(dao)(dao):“此等潑辣貨,我若(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)把她(ta)廢去(qu)(qu),誓不(bu)(bu)(bu)為人(ren)!”。第二天(tian)一早,憲(xian)宗(zong)便去(qu)(qu)見(jian)兩宮太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou),說吳(wu)皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)舉動輕佻,不(bu)(bu)(bu)守禮(li)法,不(bu)(bu)(bu)堪居六宮之(zhi)首,定要(yao)廢去(qu)(qu)。錢太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)便說什么(me),周(zhou)太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)勸阻道(dao)(dao):“冊(ce)后(hou)(hou)(hou)才一月便要(yao)廢去(qu)(qu),豈不(bu)(bu)(bu)惹(re)人(ren)笑(xiao)話?”憲(xian)宗(zong)堅持要(yao)廢,周(zhou)太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)溺愛兒(er)子,只得由著憲(xian)宗(zong)。于是,一道(dao)(dao)廢后(hou)(hou)(hou)詔書(shu)下達,命吳(wu)氏退(tui)居別宮,還把司禮(li)監牛(niu)玉罰往孝陵種菜。
過了(le)兩個(ge)月,周太后(hou)下旨(zhi),要(yao)憲宗冊立已同柏氏(shi)一起被(bei)封為(wei)賢妃的王氏(shi)為(wei)皇(huang)后(hou)。王皇(huang)后(hou)生性軟弱怕事,知道皇(huang)帝(di)寵幸萬(wan)妃,只(zhi)得(de)處(chu)處(chu)謙虛(xu)忍讓,做個(ge)傀儡皇(huang)后(hou)也(ye)就(jiu)罷了(le)。
按(an)清朝一代(dai)至今的說法,萬貴妃心地惡毒(du),她(ta)強(qiang)迫其(qi)它懷有明憲宗(zong)骨(gu)肉(rou)的嬪妃宮女墮胎,毒(du)殺明孝宗(zong)之母(mu)紀妃,雖(sui)然(ran)這種講法相(xiang)傳(chuan)甚廣(guang),但與事實(shi)相(xiang)去頗遠,用史料來源追循,不難(nan)還萬貴妃清白之身。
萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)四歲(sui)進宮,在明(ming)(ming)(ming)宣宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)孫(sun)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)宮中(zhong)作(zuo)宮女。明(ming)(ming)(ming)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)朱(zhu)見(jian)(jian)深生(sheng)于1447年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),明(ming)(ming)(ming)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)兩歲(sui)時(shi)(shi),逢“土木(mu)堡之(zhi)(zhi)變”憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)父親被俘(fu)。瓦剌(la)人(ren)兵臨城下,孫(sun)太(tai)后(hou)立英(ying)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)同(tong)父異(yi)母弟弟,朱(zhu)祁鈺為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di),立年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)僅兩歲(sui)的朱(zhu)見(jian)(jian)深為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi),時(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)九歲(sui)的萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)即(ji)(ji)在此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)開始照(zhao)料(liao)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。北京(jing)保衛戰明(ming)(ming)(ming)軍(jun)勝,瓦剌(la)軍(jun)撤。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),瓦剌(la)人(ren)將(jiang)被俘(fu)英(ying)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)送回明(ming)(ming)(ming)廷。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi),景(jing)泰(tai)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)已無意將(jiang)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)位(wei)歸還哥(ge)哥(ge)。英(ying)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)一到(dao)北京(jing)即(ji)(ji)遭囚禁。1452年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),朱(zhu)見(jian)(jian)深五歲(sui)時(shi)(shi),叔叔景(jing)泰(tai)帝(di)(di)廢其皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)位(wei),貶(bian)為(wei)沂王,從此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)同(tong)朱(zhu)見(jian)(jian)深的的處境與囚徒無異(yi)。五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou),景(jing)泰(tai)帝(di)(di)重病,發生(sheng)“奪門之(zhi)(zhi)變”,明(ming)(ming)(ming)英(ying)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)復辟(pi),二十(shi)(shi)(shi)七歲(sui)的萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er),帶著已十(shi)(shi)(shi)歲(sui),恢復皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)地位(wei)的少主(zhu)回到(dao)宮中(zhong)。之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)的六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian),不知(zhi)何時(shi)(shi),皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)產(chan)生(sheng)男女之(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)。1464年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),英(ying)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)去(qu)(qu)(qu)世,十(shi)(shi)(shi)七歲(sui)的太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)即(ji)(ji)位(wei),是(shi)為(wei)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong),皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)吳氏。憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)情(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)所在仍為(wei)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)。一日吳皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)借故(gu)杖擊萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)。憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)聽聞(wen)大怒,將(jiang)其皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)位(wei)廢。成化二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)的萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)誕下他第一個兒(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi),憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)封貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei),皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)個月(yue)大時(shi)(shi)夭折。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)后(hou)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)再無生(sheng)育。憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)在位(wei)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),同(tong)各(ge)位(wei)嬪妃(fei)(fei)共生(sheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)女二十(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)人(ren),但他始終未(wei)同(tong)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)以外(wai)的其他哪個產(chan)生(sheng)感情(qing)。1476年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)封貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei),地位(wei)在諸妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)上(shang),那(nei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)已四十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)歲(sui)。1487年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)因病去(qu)(qu)(qu)世,享(xiang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)五十(shi)(shi)(shi)七歲(sui)。貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)過(guo)世消息傳來,憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)難過(guo)得半晌竟(jing)講(jiang)不出(chu)話。最(zui)后(hou)吐出(chu)一句:貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)已去(qu)(qu)(qu),我也不久矣。數月(yue)后(hou),明(ming)(ming)(ming)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)因憂傷過(guo)度,竟(jing)隨(sui)貞(zhen)(zhen)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)去(qu)(qu)(qu)了。
憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)去世后,孝(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)即位(wei)。史料上最早有關萬(wan)貴(gui)妃官(guan)方記載(zai),是明(ming)朝的官(guan)方史籍《憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)實(shi)錄》。官(guan)史《明(ming)實(shi)錄》是由后朝修(xiu)前朝,即憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)成化朝之后,兒子(zi)孝(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)弘治朝開始修(xiu)《憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)實(shi)錄》,最早不利于萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒歷史記錄即出自于《憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)實(shi)錄》。為何如此呢?
原來孝宗自幼就目睹父親(qin)憲宗對(dui)其生母(mu)(mu)不(bu)理(li)不(bu)睬,卻對(dui)萬貴妃(fei)那個老女子(zi)關懷備至,自其六歲(sui)被(bei)立為(wei)(wei)(wei)太子(zi),到即皇帝位(wei)共(gong)十二年,憤(fen)憤(fen)不(bu)平之心(xin)由來已久,借為(wei)(wei)(wei)前朝(chao)修史之機,不(bu)好意(yi)思罵父親(qin),罵萬貴妃(fei)幾句,為(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)母(mu)(mu)親(qin)出(chu)氣,乃人情之常。
此外,除了孝宗外,內廷外朝其他(ta)人對萬(wan)(wan)貴妃(fei)的(de)印象也不見得(de)好。宮中憲(xian)(xian)宗的(de)那些嬪妃(fei)、二十多(duo)個子女(nv)及他(ta)(她)的(de)生(sheng)母、還有(you)憲(xian)(xian)宗的(de)親(qin)生(sheng)母親(qin)周氏(shi),對憲(xian)(xian)宗專寵萬(wan)(wan)貴妃(fei)數十年(nian),無不又妒又恨;還有(you)的(de)就是那些迂腐的(de)文(wen)官,即便是哪個地(di)方地(di)震,或地(di)質(zhi)發生(sheng)變化,也將此歸咎于萬(wan)(wan)貴妃(fei)。
《憲宗實錄(lu)》中指責萬貴妃部分有四項(xiang),我引用如(ru)下,并簡作評(ping)論(lun):
1.《憲宗(zong)實(shi)錄》中說萬(wan)(wan)貞兒(er)(er)“專寵(chong)”。憲宗(zong)專寵(chong)萬(wan)(wan)貞兒(er)(er)數十年是(shi)公認的歷史事實(shi),但這實(shi)在不能(neng)說是(shi)萬(wan)(wan)貞兒(er)(er)的錯,道理很簡單:中國封建王朝(chao)“朕即國家”,皇帝愿意喜歡何人,其實(shi)無人能(neng)管(guan),即便萬(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)曾對他有(you)恩(en),他若是(shi)不理她,萬(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)又(you)能(neng)怎樣?專寵(chong)者(zhe)是(shi)憲宗(zong),萬(wan)(wan)貞兒(er)(er)不過(guo)是(shi)被寵(chong)者(zhe)而已。
2.“服用器物窮極僭儗,四方進(jin)奉(feng)奇(qi)技異(yi)物皆(jie)(jie)歸(gui)之”,這是(shi)(shi)說萬貴妃穿著、日用品皆(jie)(jie)奢華,同皇(huang)上(shang)有(you)都(dou)得一比,各(ge)地(di)獻給皇(huang)上(shang)的(de)奇(qi)珍(zhen)異(yi)寶也被她所享(xiang)用。我相(xiang)信這也不(bu)能說是(shi)(shi)她的(de)錯,憲宗(zong)對(dui)他情深意(yi)篤,千方百計給她好東西讓(rang)她歡喜,那是(shi)(shi)憲宗(zong)的(de)事(shi)。博取深愛之人的(de)歡心(xin),乃是(shi)(shi)人情之常(chang),更不(bu)用說當事(shi)人憲宗(zong)是(shi)(shi)大明皇(huang)帝。
3.“一門父兄弟侄皆(jie)授(shou)以都(dou)(dou)督都(dou)(dou)指揮千百戶等官(guan)”,是(shi)說萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒(er)娘家人都(dou)(dou)因裙帶關系(xi)被封了官(guan)職(zhi)。其實(shi),明實(shi)錄如此寫,并(bing)不(bu)厚道,按明朝規矩,妃子的家人都(dou)(dou)封賜給(gei)都(dou)(dou)督、都(dou)(dou)指揮、千百戶這類職(zhi)位,對萬(wan)氏并(bing)未(wei)特殊。史上(shang)公(gong)認,有(you)(you)明一代,有(you)(you)意(yi)識地(di)控制(zhi)(zhi)外戚勢力(li),外戚從未(wei)形成干(gan)政的力(li)量(liang)。以萬(wan)貴妃在憲宗(zong)心(xin)中分(fen)量(liang),她(ta)想為娘家人謀求何(he)種利益不(bu)能達到(dao)?此事,反倒(dao)萬(wan)貴妃顯得有(you)(you)節制(zhi)(zhi)。
4.“佞幸出外(wai)鎮守內備供奉者,如錢能(neng)、覃(tan)勤(qin)、汪直、梁方、韋興……假以(yi)貢(gong)獻(xian)買辦科(ke)歛(lian)民(min)財……擅作(zuo)威福戕害(hai)善良弄兵構禍”:這是(shi)(shi)說萬貴妃罩著一(yi)班宮內宮外(wai)的壞人(ren),這些(xie)人(ren)在外(wai)面搜刮民(min)財,作(zuo)威作(zuo)福,殘害(hai)忠良,這些(xie)人(ren)還在邊(bian)疆尋(xun)釁滋(zi)事。這種說法,和當代(dai)亂(luan)扣(kou)帽子(zi)(zi)(zi)差不多,萬貴妃不過(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)深宮女子(zi)(zi)(zi),外(wai)朝發(fa)生的那些(xie)怎能(neng)扣(kou)在她身上?而且如此說根(gen)本也沒(mei)有任何證據。我(wo)們(men)再(zai)看他列舉的這幾個(ge)(ge)所謂壞人(ren),明(ming)朝是(shi)(shi)典型的一(yi)朝天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)一(yi)朝臣,這些(xie)人(ren)到孝(xiao)宗時(shi)代(dai)大多已(yi)失(shi)勢,踩他們(men)兩腳沒(mei)什么(me)大不了(le)的。再(zai)看這些(xie)人(ren)最后的結局,沒(mei)有一(yi)個(ge)(ge)被問斬的,坐監的也只是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)半個(ge)(ge)。明(ming)朝官(guan)員之(zhi)間(jian)亂(luan)打棍子(zi)(zi)(zi),亂(luan)扣(kou)帽子(zi)(zi)(zi),相互傾軋、彈(dan)劾成風(feng),沒(mei)蹲過(guo)(guo)幾天(tian)大獄,你(ni)都不好意思張口(kou)跟人(ren)說自個(ge)(ge)兒(er)是(shi)(shi)在明(ming)朝當官(guan)兒(er)。
小結(jie)以上,可以看到,在明朝自己修的官方(fang)正史(shi)(shi)里(li),確實對(dui)萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)頗(po)有微言,但即便如(ru)此,用(yong)現(xian)代話來說,抨擊她的那些事兒,都(dou)還真(zhen)夠不(bu)(bu)成什么(me)原(yuan)則問題。最終(zhong)將萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)打造成一個十惡不(bu)(bu)赦的壞女人(ren)(ren),是由(you)清朝人(ren)(ren)所修的《明史(shi)(shi)》完(wan)成。有人(ren)(ren)說,二十四史(shi)(shi)有別于其它野史(shi)(shi),屬于正史(shi)(shi),書寫學術文(wen)章(zhang)時引用(yong),可以作為(wei)支持自己觀點的有力(li)證據。其實,如(ru)果你(ni)用(yong)“查出處”的方(fang)法去(qu)考證二十四史(shi)(shi),你(ni)會發現(xian),其中信手胡抄,道聽途說,顛(dian)倒黑白之處屢見不(bu)(bu)鮮,萬(wan)貞兒不(bu)(bu)幸就成為(wei)我國(guo)這種(zhong)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)治學傳(chuan)統的犧牲(sheng)品。
比對清(qing)朝人所寫(xie)《明(ming)(ming)史》和《明(ming)(ming)實錄(lu)》中關于(yu)萬(wan)貴妃的(de)記載,清(qing)朝《明(ming)(ming)史萬(wan)貴妃傳》中的(de)內容是從我前面所說的(de),明(ming)(ming)朝《明(ming)(ming)實錄(lu)中的(de)憲宗實錄(lu)》中抄來的(de),文(wen)字基本上都一致。
但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),清朝(chao)人(ren)在《明(ming)史(shi)萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)傳(chuan)》里頭增加了(le)兩項對她非常嚴重的(de)指控(kong):第(di)一(yi)、“掖(ye)廷御幸(xing)有身,飲(yin)藥傷墜者(zhe)無(wu)數。孝(xiao)宗(zong)之(zhi)生,頂(ding)(ding)寸許(xu)無(wu)發,或曰藥所中(zhong)也(ye)”。意思是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說,萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)一(yi)旦發現被憲宗(zong)寵(chong)幸(xing)過宮中(zhong)女(nv)子有身孕,就立即用藥令(ling)她們強行墮胎,許(xu)多懷了(le)憲宗(zong)龍種的(de)嬪(pin)妃(fei)(fei)宮女(nv),都(dou)未能幸(xing)免,就連后來的(de)孝(xiao)宗(zong)出生時(shi),頭頂(ding)(ding)禿了(le)一(yi)塊,也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因他母親懷他時(shi)中(zhong)毒(du)而起(qi)。第(di)二(er)、“紀(ji)淑妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)死(si),實妃(fei)(fei)為(wei)之(zhi)”。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說孝(xiao)宗(zong)生母紀(ji)妃(fei)(fei)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)毒(du)死(si)的(de)。第(di)二(er)項關于紀(ji)妃(fei)(fei)和孝(xiao)宗(zong)身世(shi)的(de)指控(kong),同時(shi)詳(xiang)盡地寫在《明(ming)史(shi)紀(ji)太后傳(chuan)》中(zhong)。
這(zhe)就(jiu)怪了(le)事了(le),為什么明(ming)朝(chao)當年(nian)自己寫自己的(de)正(zheng)史(shi)《憲宗實(shi)錄》中并(bing)沒有(you)對(dui)萬貴妃作這(zhe)種殺人指(zhi)控,反倒200多年(nian)后,清朝(chao)人為前(qian)朝(chao)人修的(de)《明(ming)史(shi)》里面卻冒了(le)出來(lai)呢(ni)?咱們看(kan)看(kan)這(zhe)些(xie)指(zhi)控的(de)來(lai)源出處就(jiu)會一(yi)清二楚。
明(ming)末(mo)有個學者叫“毛奇齡”,他曾(ceng)寫了本名為《勝(sheng)朝(chao)彤史拾遺記》的(de)明(ming)朝(chao)野(ye)史,這兩項指控都在(zai)里邊,連文字都幾乎一(yi)樣。原來,清(qing)朝(chao)初年開始修《明(ming)史》時(shi),請了毛先(xian)生出來做編修的(de)工作,他就將(jiang)自(zi)己(ji)先(xian)前野(ye)史的(de)內容(rong),不(bu)管(guan)真假,順手抄(chao)了進去(qu)。
那(nei)(nei)(nei)毛先(xian)生的指控又(you)從何而來(lai)呢(ni),那(nei)(nei)(nei)就再往前看。明朝萬(wan)歷(li)年間有位(wei)(wei)叫于(yu)(yu)慎(shen)(shen)行的學(xue)者寫了本名為(wei)《谷山筆塵》的野史,這兩(liang)個(ge)指控,包括孝宗戲劇性身世(shi),皆源于(yu)(yu)此書(shu)。不過(guo),于(yu)(yu)慎(shen)(shen)行深知自(zi)(zi)己將(jiang)成為(wei)惡毒誹謗萬(wan)貴妃(fei)的創始(shi)人(ren),在指控完畢(bi)時(shi),大(da)概怕別人(ren)說(shuo)他造(zao)謠(yao)惑眾(zhong),又(you)加了一句“萬(wan)歷(li)十二(er)年一老中官(guan)為(wei)于(yu)(yu)道說(shuo)如(ru)此”,告訴大(da)家:諸位(wei)(wei)看官(guan)聽好,誹謗萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒不干我(wo)事(shi),這事(shi)兒都是鄙(bi)人(ren)于(yu)(yu)1584那(nei)(nei)(nei)年自(zi)(zi)一個(ge)老太監那(nei)(nei)(nei)兒道聽途說(shuo)聽來(lai)的。
和于(yu)(yu)(yu)慎(shen)行同(tong)時代(萬歷年(nian)間)還有位叫沈德符的(de)學者,在他(ta)的(de)著作中,他(ta)對同(tong)行于(yu)(yu)(yu)慎(shen)行的(de)這種做法非常不(bu)(bu)以為然,他(ta)寫道(dao):“……自(zi)謂得其說于(yu)(yu)(yu)今上初年(nian)老中官(guan)。不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)宦寺傳官(guan)訛舛,更甚于(yu)(yu)(yu)齊東,子(zi)每聞此輩(bei)談朝(chao)家故事,十無一(yi)(yi)實者,最可笑(xiao)(xiao)。”他(ta)是說:于(yu)(yu)(yu)慎(shen)行自(zi)稱這些(xie)事兒是從當代的(de)一(yi)(yi)個老太監那兒聽來(lai)的(de),其實這些(xie)閹人所(suo)傳的(de),關(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)前朝(chao)的(de)那些(xie)宮(gong)廷事完全不(bu)(bu)靠譜,十句(ju)話(hua)里有九句(ju)都是假(jia)的(de),真可笑(xiao)(xiao)!
人家萬貴妃的(de)(de)(de)(de)名譽,原(yuan)本是件很嚴肅的(de)(de)(de)(de)事,從一(yi)個老太(tai)監口中流傳出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)胡謅八(ba)扯,竟然使她一(yi)世名聲毀(hui)于一(yi)旦(dan)。1584年(nian)距成化初年(nian),已過了(le)一(yi)百(bai)多(duo)(duo)年(nian),試(shi)問(wen),有(you)多(duo)(duo)少史(shi)料價值讓于慎行將這(zhe)(zhe)位(wei)老太(tai)監的(de)(de)(de)(de)話堂堂正(zheng)正(zheng)寫進正(zheng)史(shi)?這(zhe)(zhe)樣做未免也太(tai)有(you)辱斯文(wen),喪失學術原(yuan)則了(le)吧!可(ke)后來各種野(ye)史(shi)、正(zheng)史(shi)可(ke)就真是跟著(zhu)于慎行這(zhe)(zhe)么寫了(le)下去!看來,毀(hui)壞(huai)它人名聲的(de)(de)(de)(de)事,從我們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)祖輩起,咱們(men)中國(guo)人干得超酷。
如(ru)(ru)果我們用于慎行從老(lao)太監那(nei)里聽(ting)來,誹謗萬貴妃(fei)的(de)原文,比照清(qing)朝人(ren)編寫的(de)《明史(shi)》中關于萬貴妃(fei)的(de)原文,不難(nan)看出,根本是如(ru)(ru)出一(yi)轍。雖說天下文章(zhang)一(yi)大(da)抄(chao),古人(ren)竟然如(ru)(ru)此不辨(bian)真偽地抄(chao)法,真叫(jiao)你大(da)開(kai)眼界,看來,今天學(xue)術(shu)界抄(chao)襲(xi)剽(piao)竊成風(feng),不過是在繼承傳統而已。
如果我們(men)細讀一下《明史紀太后傳》,你會(hui)發現,其中(zhong)(zhong)凈(jing)是(shi)(shi)胡扯(che)。比(bi)如文中(zhong)(zhong)說(shuo):“生孝(xiao)宗(zong),使(shi)門(men)監(jian)張(zhang)(zhang)敏溺焉。敏驚曰:“上未有子,奈何棄之。”意思是(shi)(shi),(成化六年(nian))孝(xiao)宗(zong)出(chu)生,(萬貴妃)命令太監(jian)張(zhang)(zhang)敏將嬰兒(er)淹(yan)死,張(zhang)(zhang)敏吃驚地說(shuo)‘皇帝還沒有兒(er)子呢,怎能(neng)這樣做!?
這(zhe)分明(ming)(ming)是瞎掰,因(yin)為(wei)成化六(liu)年時,憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)第二(er)(er)個兒(er)子(zi)朱佑極可正活(huo)得(de)(de)好著呢,人(ren)家張(zhang)(zhang)敏(min)(min)怎么可能說憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)沒兒(er)子(zi)?接(jie)著《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)紀(ji)太后傳(chuan)》繼(ji)續編造說:張(zhang)(zhang)敏(min)(min)后來(lai)偷偷將孝宗(zong)(zong)藏起來(lai)養(yang)大,六(liu)年后(成化十一年)將這(zhe)事告訴了(le)(le)憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong),張(zhang)(zhang)敏(min)(min)覺著自(zi)己六(liu)年前違背了(le)(le)萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)將孩(hai)子(zi)淹(yan)死(si)的(de)(de)命令(ling),現在(zai)事情(qing)講出來(lai)了(le)(le),萬(wan)貴(gui)妃(fei)必定會追斬(zhan)他,就嚇得(de)(de)吞(tun)金自(zi)殺(sha)了(le)(le)(亦吞(tun)金死(si)),其實(shi)人(ren)家張(zhang)(zhang)敏(min)(min)這(zhe)一直受寵于(yu)(yu)憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong),活(huo)到成化二(er)(er)十一年才因(yin)病(bing)去世(shi),哪(na)兒(er)有什(shen)么吞(tun)金自(zi)殺(sha)的(de)(de)事兒(er)。明(ming)(ming)史(shi)中這(zhe)個關(guan)于(yu)(yu)紀(ji)妃(fei)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)奇段(duan)子(zi)雖然假(jia)得(de)(de)不能再假(jia),但遺憾的(de)(de)是,它在(zai)當代(dai)卻被當作歷史(shi),廣(guang)泛地(di)出現在(zai)關(guan)于(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)朝成化年間(jian)的(de)(de)著作、影視、文藝作品(pin)中。
綜上(shang)看來,萬貴(gui)(gui)(gui)妃無端(duan)端(duan)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)殺人狂(kuang)的(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)過程(cheng),大(da)致(zhi)是這(zhe)樣的(de):萬貴(gui)(gui)(gui)妃死(si)后(hou)(hou),歷(li)(li)(li)經弘治、正(zheng)德、嘉(jia)靖(jing)、隆慶四朝(chao)都還(huan)算風平(ping)浪靜,而到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)萬歷(li)(li)(li)年間出事了(le)(le),有(you)位(wei)后(hou)(hou)宮的(de)無名(ming)氏老(lao)太(tai)監,講出一段(duan)不知從何(he)而來的(de),100多年前發(fa)生在成(cheng)(cheng)化初(chu)年,萬貴(gui)(gui)(gui)妃在宮中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)菅人命的(de)傳聞(wen),正(zheng)巧,有(you)位(wei)名(ming)為于慎行(xing)的(de)學(xue)者聽到(dao)(dao),就將老(lao)太(tai)監所說的(de)傳聞(wen),錄入他寫的(de)野史(shi)里,雖然于先生的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)法被其(qi)它(ta)萬歷(li)(li)(li)同(tong)行(xing)呲之(zhi)以(yi)鼻,可(ke)沒(mei)想到(dao)(dao),后(hou)(hou)來寫明(ming)(ming)史(shi)的(de)學(xue)者都抱著“至于你信不信,反正(zheng)我信了(le)(le)”的(de)態度(du),將這(zhe)段(duan)傳聞(wen),堂(tang)而皇之(zhi)地當作(zuo)(zuo)了(le)(le)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)。到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)清朝(chao),這(zhe)段(duan)不著邊兒的(de)傳聞(wen),更上(shang)一層樓,被采納進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)國殿堂(tang)級史(shi)料《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)》之(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)。至于到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)當代,深(shen)受廣大(da)文藝青年喜(xi)愛的(de)文學(xue)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)《明(ming)(ming)朝(chao)那些(xie)事兒》再(zai)將萬貴(gui)(gui)(gui)妃的(de)劣跡,發(fa)揚光(guang)大(da)到(dao)(dao)空(kong)前的(de)高度(du)。
上(shang)邊兒考證(zheng)了對(dui)萬(wan)(wan)貴妃殺人(ren)指(zhi)控的(de)來源出處,下面(mian)我想從情(qing)理及邏輯上(shang)證(zheng)明(ming)萬(wan)(wan)貴妃殺人(ren)論不(bu)成立。先說(shuo)所謂萬(wan)(wan)貴妃用藥強行墮胎的(de)事(shi)兒。
1.如果萬(wan)貴妃這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)做,明擺著是(shi)在(zai)做掉大(da)明王(wang)朝繼(ji)承人(ren),這(zhe)(zhe)對(dui)封建王(wang)朝來(lai)說,絕對(dui)是(shi)大(da)是(shi)大(da)非的原則問題。就算(suan)憲宗有(you)(you)多寵她,對(dui)這(zhe)(zhe)種事(shi)(shi)兒也不會容(rong)忍,況(kuang)且宮內還有(you)(you)錢太(tai)(tai)后和周(zhou)太(tai)(tai)后在(zai),有(you)(you)明一代,皇太(tai)(tai)后在(zai)后宮地位相當崇高。錢太(tai)(tai)后成(cheng)化四年(nian)去世,憲宗母親周(zhou)太(tai)(tai)后比(bi)憲宗活(huo)得(de)還長,就算(suan)她們(men)其它事(shi)(shi)不管,這(zhe)(zhe)種有(you)(you)關國(guo)本的大(da)事(shi)(shi)不可能袖手旁(pang)觀,更何況(kuang)周(zhou)太(tai)(tai)后一向就厭惡萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒。
2.明朝文官(guan)勢力大,管得(de)寬,就連憲宗(zong)對萬貴(gui)妃(fei)太過親密這(zhe)種事兒(er)都會上奏制止。在中國封建王朝制度下(xia),對他們來說,建立皇儲(chu),是(shi)確立一國之(zhi)本(ben)的大事,關(guan)系到(dao)全(quan)國臣(chen)民(min)心之(zhi)寄(ji)托。萬貴(gui)妃(fei)要是(shi)敢干謀殺皇儲(chu)的勾當,那(nei)些大臣(chen)還(huan)饒得(de)了(le)她?早就群(qun)起在奉天殿前長跪(gui)不(bu)起,大哭大鬧(這(zhe)種事兒(er),在明朝一點兒(er)都不(bu)稀奇),要求誅她九族(zu)了(le)。
3.通常史上說萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)強行(xing)她人墮(duo)胎之事是(shi)(shi)指成(cheng)化(hua)(hua)初年,第(di)一(yi)(yi)、因為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)段時(shi)間(jian)憲(xian)(xian)宗(zong)所生(sheng)(sheng)子女不太(tai)多,后(hou)來(lai)(lai)越生(sheng)(sheng)越多,他們沒法說了。第(di)二(er)、可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)覺著(zhu)萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)還有(you)生(sheng)(sheng)育能(neng)(neng)力,她不讓別人生(sheng)(sheng),是(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)著(zhu)等自(zi)己(ji)再生(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)個做皇(huang)位繼承人。自(zi)成(cheng)化(hua)(hua)二(er)年十月,萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)(yi)個兒(er)(er)(er)子夭(yao)折,到憲(xian)(xian)宗(zong)的(de)(de)柏妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)在成(cheng)化(hua)(hua)五年四月生(sheng)(sheng)第(di)二(er)個兒(er)(er)(er)子,這(zhe)中(zhong)間(jian)確實(shi)有(you)長達兩年多的(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)憲(xian)(xian)宗(zong)一(yi)(yi)個孩兒(er)(er)(er)也(ye)未生(sheng)(sheng)出來(lai)(lai)。假設(she)都是(shi)(shi)讓萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)強迫墮(duo)胎了,可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)性有(you)多大(da)?等于零!為(wei)(wei)什么,因為(wei)(wei)王皇(huang)后(hou)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)不著(zhu)的(de)(de),在這(zhe)段時(shi)間(jian)內(nei)誰第(di)一(yi)(yi)個生(sheng)(sheng)出兒(er)(er)(er)子來(lai)(lai),兒(er)(er)(er)子就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)太(tai)子,母將憑子大(da)貴,假設(she)你(ni)好不容(rong)易有(you)了,這(zhe)時(shi)候萬(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)忽然(ran)帶幫人來(lai)(lai)讓你(ni)墮(duo)胎,你(ni)能(neng)(neng)干嗎(ma)?你(ni)不會去向皇(huang)帝或太(tai)后(hou)尋求保護(hu)嗎(ma)?將整個后(hou)宮說成(cheng)萬(wan)貴妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)可(ke)(ke)以為(wei)(wei)所欲(yu)為(wei)(wei),想讓誰墮(duo)胎誰就(jiu)得墮(duo),兩位皇(huang)太(tai)后(hou)、內(nei)宮管理系統形同(tong)虛設(she),憲(xian)(xian)宗(zong)對自(zi)己(ji)子女被殺不聞不問,真(zhen)用腦想想,有(you)多大(da)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)?
4.會(hui)不會(hui)萬(wan)妃(fei)干得干凈(jing)利索,憲宗、太后(hou)、宮(gong)外大(da)臣都(dou)被蒙在鼓(gu)里?太不可能了!明史不是(shi)號(hao)稱“飲(yin)藥傷墜者(zhe)無數(shu)(shu)”嗎?無數(shu)(shu)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)許多(duo)的意(yi)思了,咱們保守地說,假定萬(wan)妃(fei)只強(qiang)行令30位嬪妃(fei)墮過胎,連上(shang)這些當事人(ren)(ren)身邊的服侍人(ren)(ren)員(yuan),再加上(shang)萬(wan)妃(fei)自己帶(dai)去實施人(ren)(ren)員(yuan),直接(jie)知情(qing)者(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)已經(jing)超過百人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)上(shang),有如此龐大(da)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)的目擊證人(ren)(ren),此事能瞞得過宮(gong)內外的其它人(ren)(ren)嗎?
5.從(cong)作案(an)手段上看,如果集體墮胎(tai)(tai)之事(shi)(shi)屬實(shi),那也(ye)太抬舉(ju)咱們中醫(yi)藥(yao)(yao)文化了。莫(mo)說那500多年(nian)前,就算是中醫(yi)藥(yao)(yao)已然繁榮昌明的(de)(de)今天,哪位偉(wei)大的(de)(de)老中醫(yi)敢站出來說,他能用中草藥(yao)(yao)來墮胎(tai)(tai)?這是一件技術手段達不(bu)到(dao)的(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)情,就算她萬妃有這心,她用中藥(yao)(yao)也(ye)是無(wu)法做到(dao)的(de)(de),切勿將甄嬛傳中的(de)(de)墮胎(tai)(tai)情節當做科學。
6.萬(wan)(wan)妃作案動機也(ye)成(cheng)問(wen)題。你(ni)說萬(wan)(wan)妃不(bu)讓嬪妃們生孩(hai)子(zi)(zi),是(shi)怕憲宗寵(chong)愛有孩(hai)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)嬪妃嗎(ma)?不(bu)會呀!人(ren)家憲宗自成(cheng)化(hua)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)就(jiu)(jiu)有了(le)(le)第二(er)(er)(er)(er)個(ge)(ge)(ge)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)了(le)(le),成(cheng)化(hua)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)有了(le)(le)第三個(ge)(ge)(ge)兒(er)子(zi)(zi),再往后(hou)一口氣生了(le)(le)二(er)(er)(er)(er)十來個(ge)(ge)(ge),但是(shi),直(zhi)到(dao)成(cheng)化(hua)二(er)(er)(er)(er)十三年(nian)(nian)(nian)萬(wan)(wan)妃去(qu)世,除了(le)(le)萬(wan)(wan)妃她自己,也(ye)未曾見(jian)到(dao)憲宗另外去(qu)寵(chong)愛過那個(ge)(ge)(ge)生有子(zi)(zi)女的(de)(de)嬪妃。你(ni)說萬(wan)(wan)妃是(shi)想等自己再生,由自己的(de)(de)孩(hai)子(zi)(zi)繼(ji)承(cheng)皇(huang)(huang)位(wei)吧,也(ye)不(bu)通,因為成(cheng)化(hua)二(er)(er)(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)她的(de)(de)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)夭折后(hou),她就(jiu)(jiu)已經(jing)38歲了(le)(le),在(zai)(zai)那個(ge)(ge)(ge)時代,這(zhe)種(zhong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)紀(ji)生育(yu)的(de)(de)可能(neng)性已經(jing)不(bu)大,之后(hou)成(cheng)化(hua)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)輕的(de)(de)柏(bo)妃就(jiu)(jiu)生子(zi)(zi)了(le)(le),之后(hou)還(huan)被立為太子(zi)(zi)。都已明知自己不(bu)可能(neng)再有孩(hai)子(zi)(zi)繼(ji)承(cheng)皇(huang)(huang)位(wei)了(le)(le),反正憲宗需有人(ren)繼(ji)承(cheng)皇(huang)(huang)位(wei),不(bu)是(shi)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)那個(ge)(ge)(ge),那她萬(wan)(wan)貴妃還(huan)阻止別人(ren)生育(yu)的(de)(de)意(yi)義何在(zai)(zai)呢?
下面我從(cong)史(shi)料角度上,分析對萬(wan)妃(fei)的(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二大(da)(da)指控:所謂毒(du)死(si)孝(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)之(zhi)母紀(ji)妃(fei)的(de)(de)(de)事兒。首先說幾(ji)點公(gong)認的(de)(de)(de)史(shi)實。第(di)(di)一、孝(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)沒(mei)出生在(zai)宮(gong)內,而是出生在(zai)宮(gong)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)“安(an)(an)樂堂(tang)”(位(wei)于現北京養蜂(feng)夾道),在(zai)北安(an)(an)門(現地安(an)(an)門)街西,明朝時被稱為(wei)“西內”的(de)(de)(de)地方。第(di)(di)二、成化十一年前,孝(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)六歲前,都同母親住在(zai)宮(gong)外(wai),外(wai)朝大(da)(da)臣(chen)并不知道憲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)有這么一個兒子(zi)。現在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)說法是,孝(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)身份(fen)公(gong)開之(zhi)后,萬(wan)妃(fei)大(da)(da)怒,給孝(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)母親喝了(le)一杯(bei)毒(du)酒,沒(mei)過兩(liang)天,紀(ji)妃(fei)就死(si)了(le)。
我按(an)可(ke)信的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)史料將此事重整,以(yi)(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)明紀(ji)(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死同(tong)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)能有(you)關(guan)系(xi)。《憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)實(shi)錄(lu)》中說(shuo)(shuo)“因乾清宮(gong)(gong)(gong)門災,上(shang)欲顯示(shi)於眾”,意思(si)是(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)因為(wei)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)乾清門發(fa)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)火災,使(shi)憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)覺得(de)(de)上(shang)天(tian)提示(shi)他什(shen)么(me),于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)他想將他已有(you)一(yi)位六歲(sui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(后(hou)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孝(xiao)(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事公布(bu)于(yu)(yu)眾。憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)同(tong)內(nei)(nei)閣(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)臣(chen)(chen)商(shang)(shang)定,五月(yue)十九日(ri)以(yi)(yi)請大(da)(da)(da)(da)臣(chen)(chen)為(wei)這個孩子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)取名字的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式,將此事公布(bu)。沒(mei)過兩天(tian),皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)就在(zai)(zai)文(wen)(wen)華門和大(da)(da)(da)(da)臣(chen)(chen)們(men)見(jian)面(mian)了。我查了一(yi)下(xia)乾清門火災的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)成(cheng)化十一(yi)年四(si)(si)月(yue)壬辰夜(ye)(ye),可(ke)以(yi)(yi)看(kan)出,最遲(chi)在(zai)(zai)四(si)(si)月(yue),六歲(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孝(xiao)(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)已經(jing)進(jin)到宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)(nei)了,而(er)(er)他母(mu)(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)氏還(huan)留在(zai)(zai)安樂堂(tang)。在(zai)(zai)孝(xiao)(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)進(jin)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),他和誰住(zhu)(zhu)呢(ni)?其(qi)實(shi),他和萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)住(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)起。正在(zai)(zai)此時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),三代名臣(chen)(chen),憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)最信任的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)輅(lu)和其(qi)它大(da)(da)(da)(da)臣(chen)(chen)上(shang)了一(yi)份奏章,這篇東西很重要,我全文(wen)(wen)引述(shu):“臣(chen)(chen)等(deng)仰(yang)惟(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)上(shang)至仁(ren)大(da)(da)(da)(da)孝(xiao)(xiao),通于(yu)(yu)天(tian)地,光(guang)于(yu)(yu)祖宗(zong)(zong)(zong),誕生(sheng)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),聰(cong)明岐(qi)嶷,國本攸系(xi),天(tian)下(xia)歸心。重以(yi)(yi)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)殿下(xia)躬親(qin)(qin)撫育,保(bao)護之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勤(qin),恩愛(ai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚,逾于(yu)(yu)己(ji)出。凡內(nei)(nei)外(wai)群(qun)(qun)臣(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)及都(dou)城士庶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)門聞(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)交(jiao)口稱贊,以(yi)(yi)為(wei)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)賢,近(jin)代無(wu)比,此誠宗(zong)(zong)(zong)社無(wu)疆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福也。但外(wai)間(jian)(jian)皆謂,皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)因病(bing)另居(ju),久不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)見(jian),揆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)情(qing)事體(ti)誠為(wei)未順(shun)。伏望皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)上(shang)勅令就近(jin)居(ju)住(zhu)(zhu),皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)仍(reng)煩(fan)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)撫育,俾朝夕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)便于(yu)(yu)接(jie)見(jian),庶得(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)遂母(mu)(mu)(mu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至情(qing),愜眾人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公論,不(bu)(bu)(bu)勝幸甚(shen)。”意思(si)是(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo):……皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)上(shang)您有(you)了聰(cong)慧皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),大(da)(da)(da)(da)明江山國本更加穩固。令人(ren)(ren)欣(xin)慰(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi),自(zi)(zi)(zi)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)進(jin)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)眾尊(zun)敬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)親(qin)(qin)自(zi)(zi)(zi)無(wu)微不(bu)(bu)(bu)至地照顧(gu)著他的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活,比對(dui)她(ta)(ta)自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)親(qin)(qin)生(sheng)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)都(dou)要好。外(wai)朝內(nei)(nei)廷群(qun)(qun)臣(chen)(chen),及平民百姓(xing)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)對(dui)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仁(ren)愛(ai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心交(jiao)口稱道,她(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)賢良(liang)近(jin)代沒(mei)人(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)比肩,有(you)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)乃我大(da)(da)(da)(da)明的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)福分!不(bu)(bu)(bu)過外(wai)頭有(you)人(ren)(ren)議論,皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)(紀(ji)(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei))因病(bing)仍(reng)居(ju)安樂堂(tang),如此他們(men)母(mu)(mu)(mu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)一(yi)個宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)(nei),一(yi)個宮(gong)(gong)(gong)外(wai),不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)相見(jian),以(yi)(yi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)親(qin)(qin)情(qing),希望圣上(shang)考慮外(wai)界意見(jian),將皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)接(jie)進(jin)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),使(shi)他們(men)經(jing)常可(ke)以(yi)(yi)見(jian)面(mian),而(er)(er)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)仍(reng)勞煩(fan)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)代為(wei)照顧(gu)為(wei)好。商(shang)(shang)輅(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)到憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)批準,紀(ji)(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)正式搬進(jin)了永壽(shou)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)五月(yue)。紀(ji)(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)去(qu)世(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)六月(yue)二十八日(ri)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)(shang)輅(lu)等(deng)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奏章,我們(men)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)看(kan)出以(yi)(yi)下(xia):其(qi)一(yi)、紀(ji)(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)根(gen)(gen)本不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)像(xiang)人(ren)(ren)們(men)所說(shuo)(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)驟然(ran)去(qu)世(shi),至少在(zai)(zai)四(si)(si)月(yue)乾清門火災時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)已是(shi)(shi)臥病(bing)在(zai)(zai)床了。其(qi)二、皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)在(zai)(zai)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)身邊生(sheng)活過一(yi)段不(bu)(bu)(bu)短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(自(zi)(zi)(zi)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)四(si)(si)月(yue)進(jin)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),到十一(yi)月(yue)正式立為(wei)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)才開始和憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)親(qin)(qin)生(sheng)母(mu)(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)周(zhou)太(tai)后(hou)生(sheng)活“孝(xiao)(xiao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)既立為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)孝(xiao)(xiao)肅(su)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)后(hou)居(ju)仁(ren)壽(shou)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),語帝曰:以(yi)(yi)兒(er)付我。太(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)遂居(ju)仁(ren)壽(shou)。”),至少有(you)七個月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)久。其(qi)三、萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)對(dui)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)還(huan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)錯。我想說(shuo)(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi),如果萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)真(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)想傷害(hai)她(ta)(ta)們(men)母(mu)(mu)(mu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),去(qu)害(hai)日(ri)夜(ye)(ye)都(dou)在(zai)(zai)身邊,年僅六歲(sui),什(shen)么(me)都(dou)還(huan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)懂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)豈不(bu)(bu)(bu)更方便,若做掉皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),那就是(shi)(shi)斬(zhan)草除根(gen)(gen),沒(mei)仇報。為(wei)何舍近(jin)求遠,去(qu)害(hai)在(zai)(zai)憲(xian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)眼里即沒(mei)地位,身體(ti)又壞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)塌糊涂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),你說(shuo)(shuo)對(dui)嗎?
此(ci)外,指控(kong)說萬(wan)貴妃毒(du)死(si)(si)了孝宗(zong)之母紀(ji)妃,也違反常識。試想,萬(wan)妃有(you)(you)什么(me)理由這樣做(zuo)?人家是(shi)太(tai)子(zi),將來會繼承皇位,你(ni)(ni)去毒(du)殺皇位繼承人之母,不是(shi)找死(si)(si)是(shi)什么(me)?雖然萬(wan)妃年紀(ji)比憲宗(zong)大(da)許多(duo),也未(wei)必(bi)因此(ci)憲宗(zong)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)不會死(si)(si)在她(ta)前邊(bian),誰不知(zhi)道明朝皇帝一(yi)(yi)個(ge)兩個(ge),都是(shi)英年早逝(shi)。就算現在憲宗(zong)寵你(ni)(ni),萬(wan)一(yi)(yi)憲宗(zong)死(si)(si)在你(ni)(ni)前頭,那新(xin)皇帝孝宗(zong)跟你(ni)(ni)可就有(you)(you)殺母之仇要報啊(a)!萬(wan)貞兒為何(he)愚蠢地去做(zuo)對己只有(you)(you)壞(huai)處無任何(he)好處的事?
500余(yu)年(nian)來,作為第一個為萬貞(zhen)兒(er)鳴冤的(de)人(ren),常常自忖(cun):為何(he)萬貞(zhen)兒(er)這(zhe)樣一位(wei)良善女子,最后落得如此聲(sheng)名狼藉呢?就連(lian)我這(zhe)等業余(yu)歷(li)史研究水(shui)準的(de)人(ren),都輕易可(ke)以看出,強加在她身上的(de),實(shi)屬不實(shi)之詞,為何(he)卻從來沒有專業歷(li)史研究人(ren)員(yuan),站出來為她說句公(gong)道(dao)話呢?良思許久,可(ke)能是與(yu)以下有關:
1.中國(guo)傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“紅(hong)顏禍水”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)史學觀。憲宗幾十年如一日對(dui)她(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專寵(chong),不(bu)(bu)僅使她(ta)得(de)(de)罪了所有宮(gong)(gong)內人士,及后來繼(ji)承皇(huang)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)明孝宗,他(她(ta))們(men)嫉恨萬妃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心態(tai)不(bu)(bu)難理解;更重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是,這種專寵(chong)也使她(ta)得(de)(de)罪了宮(gong)(gong)外龐大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)封(feng)建(jian)(jian)士大(da)(da)夫(fu)集團,他們(men)對(dui)憲宗皇(huang)帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一切錯,甚至出現(xian)天災,都可輕易地歸咎(jiu)于(yu)憲宗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專寵(chong),這原本是歷代(dai)封(feng)建(jian)(jian)王朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特征(zheng)之一,總(zong)愛在(zai)找宮(gong)(gong)中一些(xie)不(bu)(bu)順眼的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)性,將她(ta)們(men)當(dang)作(zuo)禍國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根源,在(zai)這種思維之下,那些(xie)受寵(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)子就首當(dang)其(qi)沖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被(bei)當(dang)作(zuo)靶子。可以這樣說,中國(guo)歷朝歷代(dai),那些(xie)受寵(chong)于(yu)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)子,很(hen)難得(de)(de)以美名傳(chuan)世,不(bu)(bu)往她(ta)們(men)身上潑點兒(er)臟水,大(da)(da)家心里(li)就不(bu)(bu)會舒服。
2.還(huan)有(you),我們中(zhong)國人古(gu)往(wang)今來(lai),從骨子(zi)里對女性就(jiu)不(bu)尊重。我們不(bu)大會欣賞女性,不(bu)太會歌(ge)頌男女之(zhi)間真摯情感。凡看(kan)萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒與憲(xian)宗(zong)的(de)關系,必先看(kan)年齡差異,必去私下思想萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒有(you)何(he)種性的(de)秘訣,使得(de)憲(xian)宗(zong)對她終身迷戀不(bu)已,想不(bu)出來(lai)的(de),加(jia)上變態二(er)字也就(jiu)一了(le)百了(le)。因此(ci),簡而(er)言之(zhi),五(wu)百多年來(lai),當我們碰到萬(wan)貞(zhen)兒這么一位歷(li)史人物時,我們主觀上,潛意識中(zhong),骨子(zi)里根(gen)本就(jiu)不(bu)愿意把她往(wang)好里想!試問,若天下人皆此(ci)心態,她能好得(de)了(le)嗎?
萬(wan)(wan)娘墳,位于北(bei)(bei)京市昌平區衛星(xing)城(cheng)西北(bei)(bei)7公里,十(shi)(shi)三(san)陵鎮所(suo)轄行政村(cun)。清(qing)代(dai)成村(cun)。因(yin)村(cun)域內(nei)有明憲宗朱見深(shen)的貴(gui)妃萬(wan)(wan)氏(shi)的園(yuan)寢,村(cun)民(min)大多是清(qing)朝看守萬(wan)(wan)貴(gui)妃園(yuan)寢的墳戶(hu)的后(hou)代(dai),村(cun)落因(yin)墳得(de)名(ming)(ming),稱(cheng)萬(wan)(wan)娘娘墳,簡(jian)稱(cheng)萬(wan)(wan)娘墳。該墓(mu)二十(shi)(shi)世(shi)紀(ji)三(san)十(shi)(shi)年代(dai)末被盜,存(cun)園(yuan)寢的圍墻、門樓、無(wu)家石碑(bei)等(deng)。該村(cun)原名(ming)(ming)萬(wan)(wan)娘娘墳,后(hou)簡(jian)稱(cheng)今名(ming)(ming)。
萬(wan)娘墳位于蘇山(shan)東麓,坐(zuo)西北朝東南(nan),整體布局為(wei)前方(fang)后(hou)(hou)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。方(fang)形院(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)(luo)面(mian)寬197.8米,進(jin)深(shen)138.5米,園(yuan)寢圍(wei)墻(qiang)用(yong)綠色琉(liu)璃筒瓦(wa),黃色琉(liu)璃滴水。正中為(wei)硬山(shan)式(shi)琉(liu)璃構(gou)件的園(yuan)寢門,兩(liang)側(ce)各有一座(zuo)隨墻(qiang)角(jiao)門。門內為(wei)兩(liang)進(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)(luo),第二進(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)(luo)正中有享(xiang)殿,面(mian)闊(kuo)五間,進(jin)深(shen)三間,兩(liang)廂配殿各三間。享(xiang)殿后(hou)(hou)有門,可(ke)進(jin)入半(ban)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形的寢園(yuan),中軸(zhou)線上由(you)前至后(hou)(hou)設照壁、石碣(即(ji)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)頂的碑(bei)石)、石供案(an)和墓(mu)冢。明代設官軍守(shou)衛(wei),有官員管理。清代改(gai)為(wei)墳戶看(kan)守(shou)后(hou)(hou),看(kan)墳人(ren)及家(jia)眷即(ji)住在園(yuan)寢的第一進(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)(luo)內,經世代繁衍(yan),形成村(cun)(cun)落(luo)(luo)。后(hou)(hou)因院(yuan)(yuan)內狹小(xiao),清末民初就將(jiang)民居擴建到園(yuan)寢院(yuan)(yuan)外,形成村(cun)(cun)落(luo)(luo)格局。
萬娘墳作(zuo)為明(ming)十(shi)三陵的(de)文(wen)物(wu)古跡之(zhi)一(yi),至今已有500多(duo)年的(de)歷史了(le)。由(you)于清朝中(zhong)、晚期(qi)失(shi)修,園(yuan)寢內(nei)的(de)享(xiang)殿(dian)、配殿(dian)在清末(mo)已傾毀,現(xian)僅(jin)存圍墻、碣石、供案等(deng)古跡。1937年秋天,長陵園(yuan)的(de)程彥斌率眾(zhong)將萬娘墳的(de)墓室盜掘,隨(sui)葬器(qi)物(wu)大部(bu)分流失(shi)。解放以后,由(you)于人民(min)政府(fu)重視文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)工作(zuo),現(xian)有文(wen)物(wu)得到(dao)保護(hu)。園(yuan)寢東門外有1棵古槐(huai),墓園(yuan)內(nei)有2棵古柏,均被列為北京市一(yi)級保護(hu)古樹,現(xian)已受到(dao)政府(fu)與村民(min)的(de)妥(tuo)善(shan)管護(hu)。
史料順序(xu)為時間順序(xu):
1.《明憲(xian)宗實錄》
2.《勝朝彤史拾(shi)遺記·萬(wan)妃傳》
3.《國朝典故(gu)卷之五十七(qi)·謇(jian)齋(zhai)瑣綴錄五》
4.《明(ming)史紀(ji)事本(ben)末·卷四十二(er)·弘治(zhi)君(jun)臣(chen)》
5.《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·懷(huai)恩安儲》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·天家(jia)生母不同(tong)》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·憲(xian)宗(zong)廢后》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·孝宗(zong)生母》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)貴妃》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·今上家(jia)法(fa)》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·滇南寶井》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·皇子(zi)追封》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·憲(xian)孝二(er)廟盛德》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·士人無(wu)賴》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·列(lie)朝貴妃姓氏》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)野(ye)獲(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)編(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)·廢后加禮》
6.《彭文憲(xian)公筆記(ji)》
7.《明宮詞(ci)》8.《皇明奇(qi)事述(shu)》
9.《國朝獻徵錄》
10.《明朝(chao)小史卷十(shi)》
11.《明(ming)史(shi)(shi)·萬貴(gui)妃(fei)傳》、《明(ming)史(shi)(shi)·吳廢(fei)后(hou)傳》、《明(ming)史(shi)(shi)·王皇后(hou)傳》、《明(ming)史(shi)(shi)·紀太后(hou)傳》、《明(ming)史(shi)(shi)·本紀第十五·孝宗》
《明史(shi)·志第三十(shi)·禮(li)八(嘉(jia)禮(li)二(er))·冊(ce)妃之儀》、《明史(shi)·萬安傳(chuan)》、《明史(shi)·趙勝傳(chuan)》、《明史(shi)·彭時傳(chuan)》
《明史(shi)(shi)·商輅(lu)傳》、《明史(shi)(shi)·劉(liu)定(ding)之(zhi)傳》、《明史(shi)(shi)·邱弘傳》、《明史(shi)(shi)·李(li)森傳》、《明史(shi)(shi)·魏元傳》、《明史(shi)(shi)·陳(chen)壽傳》
《明史·張泰傳》、《明史潘榮傳》、《明史王徽傳》、《明史曹璘(lin)傳》、《明史周彧(yu)傳》、《賈(jia)繼春(chun)列(lie)傳》
《池北偶談》
12.《冷廬(lu)雜(za)識·卷四》
13.《曲(qu)海總目(mu)提要(yao)(yao)·賣(mai)愁村》、《曲(qu)海總目(mu)提要(yao)(yao)·卷(juan)二(er)十二(er)》、《曲(qu)海總目(mu)提要(yao)(yao)·卷(juan)三十九》
14.《金門(men)志·張(zhang)敏傳(chuan)》
15.《南疆繹史(shi)(shi)·繹史(shi)(shi)摭遺卷一》
16.《陔(gai)余叢考·卷十七·唐時簿尉受杖》
17.《金臺(tai)答問錄》
《明實錄·萬貴妃傳》
成化二年春正月
○壬戌,皇(huang)長(chang)子長(chang)母曰萬氏
成化二年三月壬寅朔
○辛亥,冊封萬(wan)氏為貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei),柏氏為賢(xian)妃(fei)(fei),上御奉(feng)天殿命太保會昌侯、孫繼宗少保、吏(li)部(bu)尚書兼華蓋殿大(da)學士李(li)賢(xian)為正(zheng)使,太子(zi)少保戶部(bu)尚書馬昂(ang)、禮部(bu)尚書姚夔為副使各(ge)持節行禮
○癸丑,授順天(tian)府霸州民萬貴為錦衣衛正千戶,升錦衣衛指揮(hui)僉事,柏珍為指揮(hui)同(tong)知。貴,貴妃之父(fu);珍,賢妃父(fu)也。
成化二年十一月
○甲(jia)午,皇(huang)長子(zi)薨,上(shang)諭禮部(bu)曰:皇(huang)子(zi)薨逝(shi),朕(zhen)甚(shen)感傷(shang),祭(ji)(ji)葬之禮其酙酌以聞,于是禮部(bu)議按禮八歲以下為無服(fu)之殤祭(ji)(ji)葬禮儀(yi)俱合(he),從簡祭(ji)(ji)不用牲用素羞出殯日(ri)上(shang)服(fu),淺淡服(fu)明日(ri)百官行奉慰(wei)禮。
成化三年九月
○戊寅,升(sheng)錦衣衛正千(qian)戶萬(wan)貴(gui)為本(ben)衛世(shi)襲(xi)指(zhi)揮僉事(shi)貴(gui),貴(gui)妃萬(wan)氏父(fu)也(ye)。
成化七年春正月
○甲寅,錦衣衛帶俸(feng)(feng)指揮使萬貴(gui)(gui)以老病乞辭俸(feng)(feng),上特(te)命支(zhi)俸(feng)(feng)優養(yang)之(zhi),貴(gui)(gui)貴(gui)(gui)妃(fei)父也。
成化十一年秋(qiu)七月(yue)
○戊(wu)午,錦衣衛指揮使(shi)萬(wan)貴(gui)卒貴(gui),山東(dong)諸(zhu)城縣人充吏坐事謫編戶霸州,成化初(chu)以女為(wei)貴(gui)妃(fei),恩歷(li)升錦衣衛指揮使(shi),至是卒命(ming)有司給(gei)賻并葬祭,視常(chang)例(li)加(jia)隆貴(gui)處(chu)閭閻(yan),曾執役公門頗知(zhi)禮(li)法,每受重(zhong)賞輒(zhe)憂形于(yu)(yu)色,見(jian)其(qi)子(zi)驕侈過(guo)度則戒其(qi)毋妄費,曰:官家賜物皆注于(yu)(yu)歷(li),他日復(fu)來(lai)追汝無以為(wei)償。子(zi)三人喜通(tong)達而通(tong)尤恣肆。
成化十二年十月
○戊寅以定西(xi)侯蔣琬為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正使(shi)禮部(bu)尚書(shu)兼文(wen)淵閣大學士,萬安為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)副使(shi)持(chi)節(jie)冊,貴妃(fei)萬氏為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)皇貴妃(fei),邵氏為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宸妃(fei),王氏為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)順妃(fei),梁氏為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和妃(fei),王氏為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)昭(zhao)妃(fei)。
冊皇貴(gui)妃(fei)(昭德皇貴(gui)妃(fei)萬貞(zhen)兒)曰:天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)本在國,國之(zhi)本在家,二(er)帝三王以(yi)來未有(you)家齊而天(tian)下(xia)不治者也(ye),朕率是道(dao)(dao)以(yi)臨萬邦(bang),厥有(you)褒升必先內德,申錫(xi)贊書(shu)之(zhi)美,載(zai)揚彤管之(zhi)華,庸進(jin)(jin)錫(xi)于(yu)徽(hui)稱,乃克彰于(yu)異數(shu),貴(gui)妃(fei)萬氏柔明(ming)而專靜(jing),端(duan)懿而惠和(he),率禮稱詩實稟,貞(zhen)于(yu)茂族(zu)進(jin)(jin)規,退矩遂冠德于(yu)后宮,動則(ze)聞環佩之(zhi)音,居(ju)則(ze)視箴圖(tu)之(zhi)戒寵,愈(yu)加(jia)而愈(yu)慎,譽益顯(xian)而益恭副,予關睢樂得之(zhi)心(xin)克謹(jin),雞鳴(ming)儆(jing)戒之(zhi)道(dao)(dao)相成(cheng),既久(jiu)輔(fu)助良(liang)多,是用(yong)度越彝章進(jin)(jin)超(chao)位(wei),序茲特(te)以(yi)金(jin)冊金(jin)寶加(jia)封爾為皇貴(gui)妃(fei),于(yu)戲位(wei)亞(ya)坤儀峻陟列妃(fei)之(zhi)首。
成化十二年十一月
○甲申,太監(jian)黃賜傳奉圣(sheng)旨,升錦衣衛正(zheng)千(qian)(qian)戶萬(wan)通(tong)為(wei)指(zhi)揮僉事,副千(qian)(qian)戶萬(wan)達(da)軍人,邵宗王敏為(wei)正(zheng)千(qian)(qian)戶,俱世(shi)襲。通(tong)達(da)皇(huang)貴妃之(zhi)弟,宗宸妃之(zhi)弟,敏順妃之(zhi)弟也(ye)。
成化十四年二月
○升錦衣(yi)衛指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui)使萬(wan)(wan)喜為(wei)都指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui),同知指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui)僉(qian)事萬(wan)(wan)通為(wei)指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui)使正千戶,萬(wan)(wan)達為(wei)指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui)僉(qian)事。仍與世襲喜等(deng)俱,皇貴妃兄弟也。
成化十八年三月
○錦衣帶俸(feng)都指揮僉(qian)事(shi)萬通(tong)(tong)(tong)卒,命有(you)司給賻并葬祭,視常例有(you)加通(tong)(tong)(tong)貴妃之弟行,二時不稱其(qi)官惟以(yi)(yi)行第稱萬二云通(tong)(tong)(tong),少(shao)貧賤(jian)與兄俱以(yi)(yi)負(fu)販為(wei)業,一(yi)旦(dan)驟貴初猶畏懼(ju)不敢恣(zi)肆,既而(er)閭(lv)巷惡少(shao)見(jian)其(qi)勢焰,方(fang)起爭趨附之誘以(yi)(yi)為(wei)奸(jian),時方(fang)尚寶石器玩小人(ren)(ren)之乘時,射利(li)者作為(wei)奇(qi)技淫巧以(yi)(yi)邀厚利(li),內外交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)互(hu)相估價,取直(zhi)至(zhi)(zhi)百千倍府軍已。空(kong)而(er)償其(qi)直(zhi)猶不足其(qi)所制(zhi)造者皆無(wu)(wu)用之物。然亦無(wu)(wu)甚(shen)奇(qi)異者一(yi)時進奉者毋慮數十家(jia)第宅,服用僭(jian)擬王侯窮奢極侈,每一(yi)給直(zhi)車載銀(yin)錢自內帑(tang)出,道路(lu)絡繹(yi)不絕見(jian)者駭(hai)嘆,在內則仗內臣梁方(fang),外則富(fu)民爭庀(pi)工制(zhi)為(wei)新(xin)巧托(tuo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)以(yi)(yi)進,分(fen)其(qi)利(li)通(tong)(tong)(tong)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)淫暴戾黷放蕩無(wu)(wu)節,平居(ju)未嘗衣冠(guan)有(you)徐(xu)達(da)(da)(da)者,妻(qi)美而(er)艷通(tong)(tong)(tong)見(jian)而(er)悅之因收達(da)(da)(da)為(wei)家(jia)人(ren)(ren),而(er)納其(qi)妻(qi)令達(da)(da)(da)在兩淮中(zhong)鹽(yan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)遘疾時,達(da)(da)(da)適歸通(tong)(tong)(tong)聞達(da)(da)(da)與妻(qi)私語哽咽(yan)而(er)至(zhi)(zhi)于死,達(da)(da)(da)后(hou)亦挾所得(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)余貲得(de)(de)為(wei)錦衣衛(wei)任事(shi)指揮。
成化二十三(san)年(nian)春(chun)正月
○皇(huang)(huang)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)萬氏(shi)薨,妃(fei)(fei)青州諸城縣(xian)人(ren),父(fu)貴(gui)為縣(xian)吏謫居(ju)(ju)霸州,妃(fei)(fei)生宣德,庚戌四(si)歲(sui)選入掖(ye)庭(ting)侍(shi),圣烈慈壽(shou)皇(huang)(huang)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)及笄命(ming)侍(shi),上于青宮(gong)(gong),上即位遂專寵(chong)(chong)皇(huang)(huang)后(hou)吳(wu)氏(shi)廢實由于妃(fei)(fei)及,今皇(huang)(huang)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)王氏(shi)正位中宮(gong)(gong)每(mei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)厚(hou)德優容(rong)之(zhi)(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)亦(yi)機警(jing)善迎合(he),上意且籠絡群(qun)下令覘候動(dong)靜六宮(gong)(gong)希得進(jin)御,成化丙戌生皇(huang)(huang)子一人(ren),上為遣(qian)內官詣,山川寺觀掛(gua)袍行香以(yi)(yi)(yi)祈陰(yin)佑,因封貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei),皇(huang)(huang)子未晬而薨,妃(fei)(fei)亦(yi)自是不復娠育,數年儲嗣未兆(zhao)中外以(yi)(yi)(yi)為憂言者(zhe)每(mei)勸,上恩澤當(dang)溥然未敢(gan)顯,言妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)妒也,惟(wei)給事中李森言及之(zhi)(zhi),而寵(chong)(chong)益甚初居(ju)(ju)昭德宮(gong)(gong),后(hou)移安喜宮(gong)(gong)進(jin)封皇(huang)(huang)貴(gui)妃(fei)(fei)。服用(yong)器物(wu)(wu)窮(qiong)極僭(jian)儗,四(si)方進(jin)奉奇(qi)技異物(wu)(wu)皆(jie)歸之(zhi)(zhi)一門父(fu)兄弟,侄皆(jie)授以(yi)(yi)(yi)都(dou)督都(dou)指揮千(qian)百戶等官,賚(lai)賜金珠寶玉(yu)無(wu)筭甲第宏侈田。孝穆皇(huang)(huang)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)妃(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)故,孫居(ju)(ju)西(xi)內數年而崩(beng)至是,上郊(jiao)祀(si)回,值天大霧,人(ren)皆(jie)驚訝,翌日慶成宴(yan)罷,上還宮(gong)(gong),忽報云妃(fei)(fei)薨逝矣,上震,悼輟視朝七日謚曰恭肅端慎(shen)榮靖葬,天壽(shou)山西(xi)南凡喪禮(li)皆(jie)從厚(hou)。
成化二(er)十三年二(er)月
○乙亥(hai),命工部(bu)右(you)侍(shi)(shi)郎陳政代左侍(shi)(shi)郎賈俊董修皇貴(gui)妃(fei)萬氏墳,塋以尚(shang)書謝一夔有(you)疾(ji)俊當署掌(zhang)部(bu)事故也。
成化二十三年(nian)三月
○丙(bing)午,葬皇貴(gui)妃萬氏,命(ming)昌寧伯(bo)趙(zhao)勝祀后土之神。
【很多關于萬(wan)貴妃的(de)流言(yan)蜚語,多從野史(shi)中出(chu)現,正(zheng)史(shi)《明(ming)(ming)實錄》并(bing)未有(you)記載,因此不可信。清編(bian)《明(ming)(ming)史(shi)》沒有(you)根據(ju)正(zheng)史(shi)《明(ming)(ming)實錄》記載,而是從野史(shi)中記錄了萬(wan)貴妃的(de)事跡。】
冊(ce)皇(huang)貴(gui)妃(昭德皇(huang)貴(gui)妃萬(wan)貞兒)。曰:天(tian)下之(zhi)本在國,國之(zhi)本在家,二帝三王以(yi)來未有家齊(qi)而天(tian)下不治者也,朕率是道以(yi)臨萬(wan)邦(bang),厥有褒升必(bi)先內德,申(shen)錫贊(zan)書之(zhi)美,載揚彤管(guan)之(zhi)華(hua),庸進(jin)錫于徽稱,乃克(ke)(ke)彰于異(yi)數(shu),貴(gui)妃萬(wan)氏(shi)柔明(ming)而專靜,端懿而惠和,率禮稱詩(shi)實稟,貞于茂族(zu)進(jin)規(gui),退矩遂冠德于后宮(gong),動則聞環佩之(zhi)音,居則視(shi)箴圖(tu)之(zhi)戒寵(chong),愈加而愈慎,譽益(yi)顯(xian)而益(yi)恭副(fu),予(yu)關(guan)睢樂得之(zhi)心克(ke)(ke)謹(jin),雞鳴儆戒之(zhi)道相成,既(ji)久輔(fu)助良(liang)多,是用度越彝章進(jin)超位,序(xu)茲特以(yi)金冊(ce)金寶加封爾為(wei)皇(huang)貴(gui)妃,于戲(xi)位亞坤儀峻(jun)陟(zhi)列妃之(zhi)首(shou)。
《大明萬妃傳》,作者:磚娃,長江(jiang)文出版(ban)社(she)出版(ban)發行,2016年5月
《大明萬妃傳》是一(yi)部還原歷史真(zhen)(zhen)相的小說,對過(guo)去許多人(ren)云(yun)亦云(yun),似乎(hu)已成(cheng)定論(lun),但又明顯不符合明朝中期(qi)歷史原貌的人(ren)物、事件,皆按(an)真(zhen)(zhen)實情形描述。