金滿故事(shi),杜橋人(ren)父(fu)輩相傳,婦(fu)孺皆(jie)知,兒時舊(jiu)聞。金滿起義是浙江(jiang)省繼太平天(tian)國運動以(yi)后(hou),影響較大的,持續時間(jian)較長(chang)的反封建斗爭。清末(mo)農民起義領袖,聚(ju)眾桐(tong)坑(keng),揭竿起義。中法戰爭、中日(ri)甲午戰爭都(dou)奉(feng)命赴援,卓(zhuo)有功績。金滿鬧臺州,劫富濟貧,橫掃六縣,勢熾(chi)三臺,時譽浙江(jiang),名震(zhen)朝野(ye)。為(wei)了弘揚歷史(shi)文化名人(ren),紀念金滿事(shi)跡。
椒北(bei)平(ping)(ping)原,金滿(man)(man)故里(li)杜橋(qiao)(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)后(hou)地(di)(di)村假山(shan)(shan),距離鎮(zhen)(zhen)南(nan)五里(li),地(di)(di)處平(ping)(ping)疇沃野,近鄰穿(chuan)山(shan)(shan)。“穿(chuan)山(shan)(shan)橫亙桑田中,懸空洞焉!吾鄉之勝。蹤昔(xi)有傳(chuan)語謂(wei)如飛(fei)來峰之自靈鷲嶺也(ye)(ye)。”日出景觀(guan),穿(chuan)山(shan)(shan)佳地(di)(di),“穿(chuan)山(shan)(shan)曉日”古為(wei)杜橋(qiao)(qiao)八景之一(yi)(yi)。山(shan)(shan)之西麓,2001年集資(zi)(zi)興建的穿(chuan)山(shan)(shan)村金滿(man)(man)紀(ji)念館(guan),館(guan)內(nei)(nei)立“金滿(man)(man)紀(ji)念碑”一(yi)(yi)通(tong),彩塑(su)金滿(man)(man)和十八兄弟(di)像(xiang),人(ren)物傳(chuan)神,栩栩如生。后(hou)地(di)(di)村假山(shan)(shan)金滿(man)(man)紀(ji)念館(guan),占地(di)(di)4500平(ping)(ping)方米,2002年8月(yue)新建,3間。由金滿(man)(man)故居(ju)、德玉(yu)堂(tang)、平(ping)(ping)心亭(ting)、九(jiu)曲(qu)橋(qiao)(qiao)、荷花池組成。紀(ji)念館(guan)內(nei)(nei)端立金滿(man)(man)銅像(xiang),陳列清狀(zhuang)元(yuan)張謇撰《玉(yu)堂(tang)公傳(chuan)》,左宗棠、彭(peng)玉(yu)麟、張之洞等書贈詩聯和金滿(man)(man)事跡系年,實(shi)物、遺跡等文獻資(zi)(zi)料及圖(tu)片(pian)陳列,增進了解(jie)金滿(man)(man)生平(ping)(ping),新立平(ping)(ping)心亭(ting)碑記一(yi)(yi)通(tong)。2003年4月(yue)9日開館(guan),列為(wei)臨海市愛國主義(yi)教育(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di),也(ye)(ye)成為(wei)農(nong)村愛國主義(yi)教育(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)之一(yi)(yi)。
金(jin)氏族輩父老中還(huan)傳(chuan)誦著(zhu)當年金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)斗官軼聞趣事,保存當年金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)相贈族親的馬(ma)匹,配(pei)置的馬(ma)鞍(an)和(he)馬(ma)鈴舊物(wu)。上世(shi)(shi)紀60年代(dai)金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)墓遷葬時出土的玉箸(zhu)、描金(jin)紅(hong)蝙蝠雙壽碗、玉戒指、朝(chao)珠、頂(ding)子等遺物(wu)。杜橋(qiao)鎮西街尚(shang)有(you)金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)答謝兵部(bu)尚(shang)書彭玉麟(lin)之恩,光緒三十年(1904)建造的“彭宮保”祠和(he)金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)坐逝太和(he)里遺址。雉(zhi)溪(xi)童(tong)燎(liao)水庫壩(ba)旁側,亂(luan)石壘砌,衰(shuai)草(cao)遍野名(ming)聲(sheng)顯赫的義軍(jun)首領金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)墓,為后人所(suo)(suo)憑吊。金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)起義和(he)劫富濟貧的義舉(ju),深受百(bai)姓(xing)稱頌,百(bai)年來(lai)金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)事跡傳(chuan)神入化(hua);百(bai)姓(xing)改編(bian)的道情曲,離(li)奇曲折(zhe),為所(suo)(suo)樂道。1989年改編(bian)成電(dian)視劇,由臺(tai)州武術館(guan)館(guan)長徐(xu)昌文(wen)主演的山大王金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)和(he)朱茂(mao)泉著(zhu)《山大王金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)(man)》書作行(xing)世(shi)(shi)。
金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)滿(1839~1917),字玉堂,山項后地村假(jia)山人(ren)(ren)(ren)。身不(bu)滿五尺,微胖,面(mian)略黑。父早亡,幫工出身,任鄉勇(yong)(yong)數年(nian),習槍法亦(yi)喜賭。同(tong)(tong)治末,寓桐(tong)峙山東林蔣世(shi)炳家。世(shi)炳于(yu)(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒五年(nian)(1879)八(ba)(ba)月,殺同(tong)(tong)族一家3口(kou),知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)楊泗藻往驗,拒不(bu)納。知(zhi)府徐士鑾命(ming)同(tong)(tong)知(zhi)成(cheng)邦干(gan),率兵(bing)勇(yong)(yong)往彈壓,世(shi)炳令(ling)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)滿糾眾(zhong)拒之,傷兵(bing)勇(yong)(yong)十(shi)(shi)余(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。巡撫(fu)梅啟照命(ming)統領李(li)(li)光(guang)(guang)(guang)久進(jin)剿,世(shi)炳、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)滿避退(tui)。七(qi)年(nian),豎“平心大王”旗,劫(jie)海(hai)(hai)門(men)鎮(zhen)標營(ying)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan),自寧(ning)波領回(hui)火(huo)藥,擴充(chong)裝備,回(hui)旋桐(tong)峙山,踞(ju)銅(tong)坑雨撒(sa)洞。二月,海(hai)(hai)門(men)鎮(zhen)總兵(bing)李(li)(li)新燕率千(qian)余(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)進(jin)剿,適(shi)雷雨大作,金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)滿突圍(wei),官(guan)兵(bing)焚(fen)銅(tong)坑村,老幼死(si)(si)80余(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。六(liu)月二十(shi)(shi)九日(ri)(ri),金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)滿率十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)弟兄劫(jie)臺(tai)州(zhou)府獄,釋重囚親戚(qi)項道(dao)志等(deng)(deng)27人(ren)(ren)(ren),全省震(zhen)驚(jing)(jing)。巡撫(fu)譚鐘(zhong)麟(lin)上奏朝廷(ting),勒限(xian)嚴輯。七(qi)月一日(ri)(ri),部(bu)眾(zhong)劫(jie)寧(ning)海(hai)(hai)西墊厘局(ju)。初三(san)日(ri)(ri),劫(jie)小雄(xiong)糧廠,官(guan)兵(bing)追戰,部(bu)下4人(ren)(ren)(ren)被(bei)俘,死(si)(si)1人(ren)(ren)(ren),復轉仙(xian)(xian)居(ju)。二十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)日(ri)(ri),在(zai)(zai)花橋殺臨(lin)海(hai)(hai)縣(xian)(xian)丞邱洪(hong)源,毀縣(xian)(xian)丞署。閏七(qi)月十(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri)(ri)夜,劫(jie)黃(huang)巖縣(xian)(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)清厘局(ju)。浙(zhe)撫(fu)譚鐘(zhong)麟(lin)、提(ti)督張其光(guang)(guang)(guang)命(ming)海(hai)(hai)門(men)、定海(hai)(hai)、溫州(zhou)三(san)鎮(zhen)各派舟師并輪(lun)、釣各船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan),游擊內(nei)外洋面(mian),相繼(ji)剿捕。十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)日(ri)(ri),金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)滿與官(guan)兵(bing)遭(zao)遇于(yu)(yu)白沙(sha)(sha)洋、盤馬(ma)洋、瑯璣(ji)山、小沙(sha)(sha)頭(tou)等(deng)(deng)處(chu),雙方均(jun)有(you)傷亡。十(shi)(shi)九日(ri)(ri),于(yu)(yu)玉環(huan)小沙(sha)(sha)頭(tou)洋面(mian),又遭(zao)鄭鴻(hong)章部(bu)攻擊,人(ren)(ren)(ren)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)亦(yi)有(you)損失。溫州(zhou)鎮(zhen)總兵(bing)盧成(cheng)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)超武輪(lun)及九艘(sou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)趕(gan)到,金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)滿率部(bu)三(san)四十(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)于(yu)(yu)樂清縣(xian)(xian)白溪棄船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)登陸,從晹谷岙(ao)進(jin)入雁蕩山,與仙(xian)(xian)居(ju)項蒙梅、樂清李(li)(li)維玉等(deng)(deng)會合,金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)滿避往諸暨縣(xian)(xian)一帶(dai)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒八(ba)(ba)年(nian)復出,率眾(zhong)百余(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)南(nan)溪岙(ao)山中活動(dong)。黃(huang)巖牟(mou)維宗,太平潘聯(lian)瑞、葉興宗等(deng)(deng)聚(ju)眾(zhong)以應,震(zhen)驚(jing)(jing)朝野。
水(shui)陸官兵疲于奔命,無濟(ji)于事(shi)。光緒九年(nian)(1883),旨準兵部尚書彭(peng)(peng)玉麟建議(yi)招(zhao)撫。由杭人徐春榮(rong)、天臺(tai)廩生(sheng)謝夢蘭、浙江巡(xun)撫劉秉璋(zhang)、小雄武生(sheng)戴榮(rong)為介,往返數次(ci)招(zhao)金滿(man)。臺(tai)州知(zhi)府(fu)郭(guo)式昌(chang)至(zhi)北岸(an),授(shou)五品功牌及(ji)戰馬,所部百人皆換發后膛槍,留營效(xiao)力,責令帶罪(zui)自效(xiao)。黃(huang)巖(yan)、太平牟(mou)維宗(zong)、潘(pan)聯(lian)瑞(rui)、葉(xie)興宗(zong)等,從黃(huang)巖(yan)縣舉人原任涂下橋管帶王右人之說(shuo)皆降,編為越軍。次(ci)年(nian)二(er)月,中(zhong)法安(an)南(nan)之戰,金滿(man)以外委之職,隨彭(peng)(peng)玉麟水(shui)師往廣東抗法,部下黃(huang)崇良等在鎮海招(zhao)寶山抗擊法艦入侵。十四(si)年(nian)升(sheng)把(ba)總(zong),十六年(nian)十月升(sheng)千總(zong)。
清(qing)光(guang)緒二(er)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(1894),中日甲午(wu)戰(zhan)爭,奉命赴援(yuan)。金滿(man)在海(hai)島(dao)以(yi)(yi)地營之法(fa)革(ge)新(xin)戰(zhan)術。次年(nian)(nian)二(er)月,統領兩江(jiang)督標浙軍“滿(man)”字水陸四營,加都(dou)司銜,奉張之洞令來臺招兵,收撫監(jian)犯以(yi)(yi)備(bei)海(hai)戰(zhan)。二(er)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)六(liu)月,升長江(jiang)水師守備(bei),三十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)告老致(zhi)仕。民國(guo)3年(nian)(nian)(1914),攜三子歸里租(zu)住杜鎮太(tai)和里,回鄉采集草藥(yao)行醫惠里。民國(guo)6年(nian)(nian)8月20日善終,葬(zang)雉溪鐘(zhong)巖山金仙寺前。
金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)事跡(ji)名(ming)載史冊(ce)。但(dan)金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)故居也(ye)成為歷史進程中的一(yi)個(ge)“節點”,追尋名(ming)人成長歷史足跡(ji),成為文化的一(yi)部分,值(zhi)得后(hou)世紀念。正如(ru)金(jin)紀夫(fu)先生撰金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)紀念館楹聯“臺州義士(shi)無雙杰,椒海傳奇第一(yi)山”對金(jin)滿(man)(man)(man)故里的寫照。