蜉蝣目通稱蜉蝣,具有(you)古老而特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)狀,是最原始的(de)(de)(de)有(you)翅昆蟲。體形(xing)較(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)或中等,細長,體壁柔軟(ruan)。頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)小(xiao)(xiao),觸角(jiao)短,剛毛(mao)狀。復眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)達,雌性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)復眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)常(chang)左右遠離;雄性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)復眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)常(chang)較(jiao)大,左右接近,且每一復眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)上(shang)下部(bu)(bu)小(xiao)(xiao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)面往(wang)往(wang)不同,一般上(shang)半部(bu)(bu)小(xiao)(xiao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)面大于(yu)下半部(bu)(bu),也有(you)二部(bu)(bu)分完全分隔者。
這(zhe)種(zhong)在(zai)個體(ti)發育中出現(xian)成(cheng)蟲體(ti)態(tai)后繼續蛻皮的現(xian)象在(zai)有翅昆蟲中為蜉蝣(you)目(mu)所僅(jin)有。這(zhe)種(zhong)變態(tai)類型特稱為原變態(tai)。成(cheng)蟲不進(jin)食,壽(shou)命(ming)短(duan),一般只活(huo)幾小時(shi)至(zhi)數天(tian),所以有“朝生暮死”的說法。蜉蝣(you)成(cheng)蟲在(zai)其短(duan)暫一生中負責交配,繁衍后代的任務。