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基本介紹

成都(dou)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貴(gui)(gui)陽高(gao)(gao)速(su)鐵(tie)(tie)路是我(wo)國西(xi)北、西(xi)南(nan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)華南(nan)的(de)(de)區際快速(su)鐵(tie)(tie)路新(xin)通道，全(quan)(quan)(quan)長(chang)(chang)515公里，總投資646億元，沿線(xian)(xian)(xian)多(duo)處于高(gao)(gao)山(shan)河(he)(he)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)帶，地(di)(di)質情況差。整(zheng)條鐵(tie)(tie)路將跨(kua)(kua)越大渡河(he)(he)、岷(min)江、金沙江三大河(he)(he)流，線(xian)(xian)(xian)路79%為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)橋(qiao)隧，其中正(zheng)線(xian)(xian)(xian)橋(qiao)梁(liang)(liang)總計(ji)365座(zuo)。因此，成貴(gui)(gui)鐵(tie)(tie)路被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“世界第一條山(shan)區高(gao)(gao)速(su)鐵(tie)(tie)路”。建(jian)成后(hou)，貴(gui)(gui)陽至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成都(dou)的(de)(de)火(huo)車時(shi)間(jian)將由(you)現(xian)在(zai)的(de)(de)12小時(shi)左(zuo)右(you)縮短至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)3小時(shi)。鴨(ya)池(chi)河(he)(he)特(te)大橋(qiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成貴(gui)(gui)高(gao)(gao)鐵(tie)(tie)6座(zuo)重點橋(qiao)梁(liang)(liang)之(zhi)一，大橋(qiao)全(quan)(quan)(quan)長(chang)(chang)971米(mi)(mi)，建(jian)造(zao)(zao)地(di)(di)址構(gou)造(zao)(zao)復雜(za)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)典型(xing)的(de)(de)喀(ka)斯特(te)高(gao)(gao)原、峽谷(gu)(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)貌類型(xing)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)長(chang)(chang)971米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)成貴(gui)(gui)鐵(tie)(tie)路鴨(ya)池(chi)河(he)(he)特(te)大橋(qiao)，拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)肋(lei)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)砼(tong)結(jie)合拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)，拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)(shang)部分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雙柱(zhu)式框(kuang)架墩(dun)，主(zhu)梁(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)單(dan)箱(xiang)三室預(yu)應(ying)力(li)(li)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)梁(liang)(liang)。拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)座(zuo)開挖(wa)(wa)深度(du)44米(mi)(mi)，挖(wa)(wa)方(fang)量7.54萬(wan)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)；單(dan)個拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)座(zuo)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)體(ti)積為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2.31萬(wan)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)，過(guo)渡橋(qiao)墩(dun)墩(dun)身高(gao)(gao)度(du)最高(gao)(gao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)67.52米(mi)(mi)，橋(qiao)面(mian)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水面(mian)244米(mi)(mi)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)橋(qiao)需用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)筋9900噸，鋼(gang)材12000噸，預(yu)應(ying)力(li)(li)鋼(gang)索780噸。峽谷(gu)(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)區（鴨(ya)池(chi)河(he)(he)河(he)(he)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)）基本(ben)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)陡(dou)峻的(de)(de)斜(xie)坡(po)(po)及峭(qiao)壁地(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，谷(gu)(gu)(gu)頂高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)大致在(zai)1000～1100米(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右(you)，其中1100～1000米(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)斜(xie)坡(po)(po)地(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)寬谷(gu)(gu)(gu)期(qi)地(di)(di)貌。1000米(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)以(yi)(yi)陡(dou)壁地(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)峽谷(gu)(gu)(gu)期(qi)地(di)(di)貌，切深達170～300米(mi)(mi)，河(he)(he)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)狹窄、岸(an)坡(po)(po)陡(dou)峻，巖(yan)溶(rong)形(xing)(xing)(xing)態以(yi)(yi)巖(yan)溶(rong)洞穴(xue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，兩岸(an)溶(rong)洞及巖(yan)溶(rong)地(di)(di)下(xia)水具成層性(xing)分布(bu)特(te)點。大橋(qiao)全(quan)(quan)(quan)長(chang)(chang)971米(mi)(mi)，跨(kua)(kua)徑(jing)布(bu)置(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：8×32.7米(mi)(mi)簡支(zhi)(zhi)箱(xiang)梁(liang)(liang)+（32.7+2×61.75）米(mi)(mi) T構(gou)梁(liang)(liang)+（1-436）米(mi)(mi)中承(cheng)(cheng)式鋼(gang)-砼(tong)結(jie)合拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)橋(qiao)+（2×61.75+32.7）米(mi)(mi) T構(gou)梁(liang)(liang)+2×24.7 米(mi)(mi)簡支(zhi)(zhi)箱(xiang)梁(liang)(liang)。主(zhu)橋(qiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)（1-436）米(mi)(mi)中承(cheng)(cheng)式鋼(gang)-砼(tong)結(jie)合拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)橋(qiao),拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)肋(lei)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)-砼(tong)結(jie)合拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)，拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)(shang)立(li)(li)柱(zhu)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)雙柱(zhu)式框(kuang)架墩(dun)，主(zhu)梁(liang)(liang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)單(dan)箱(xiang)三室預(yu)應(ying)力(li)(li)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)梁(liang)(liang)。主(zhu)橋(qiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)座(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)整(zheng)體(ti)嵌巖(yan)基礎，拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)座(zuo)基礎尺寸(cun)分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)60.0×28.5m×高(gao)(gao)30.2米(mi)(mi)(成都(dou)側)、50.0×28.5m×高(gao)(gao)26.2米(mi)(mi)（貴(gui)(gui)陽側）。主(zhu)橋(qiao)過(guo)渡墩(dun)直(zhi)接(jie)支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)座(zuo)基礎上(shang)(shang)，墩(dun)身采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)薄(bo)壁空心墩(dun)，圓端形(xing)(xing)(xing)截面(mian)，四向變坡(po)(po)，坡(po)(po)度(du)1:40（橫向）、1:35（縱向），墩(dun)身高(gao)(gao)度(du)67.526米(mi)(mi)。引橋(qiao)結(jie)構(gou)形(xing)(xing)(xing)式采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)（2×61.75+32.7）米(mi)(mi)預(yu)應(ying)力(li)(li)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)T構(gou)和32.7米(mi)(mi)、24.7米(mi)(mi)跨(kua)(kua)預(yu)應(ying)力(li)(li)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)簡支(zhi)(zhi)箱(xiang)梁(liang)(liang)。如果(guo)只是橋(qiao)長(chang)(chang)和跨(kua)(kua)度(du)，無論(lun)說起(qi)來、聽起(qi)來、看起(qi)來，規模都(dou)算不(bu)上(shang)(shang)太大。之(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)被(bei)冠以(yi)(yi)“特(te)大橋(qiao)”之(zhi)名，是因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)它(ta)的(de)(de)主(zhu)橋(qiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)跨(kua)(kua)徑(jing)436米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)中承(cheng)(cheng)式鋼(gang)混(hun)結(jie)合拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)橋(qiao)，這種橋(qiao)型(xing)和跨(kua)(kua)度(du)，在(zai)中承(cheng)(cheng)式雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)鐵(tie)(tie)路橋(qiao)梁(liang)(liang)中是首(shou)例，讓它(ta)當之(zhi)無愧地(di)(di)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了成貴(gui)(gui)鐵(tie)(tie)路全(quan)(quan)(quan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)橋(qiao)梁(liang)(liang)工程(cheng)僅(jin)有的(de)(de)兩個控(kong)制性(xing)工程(cheng)之(zhi)一。

建筑特色

鴨池河(he)特(te)大橋之特(te)，在于無先(xian)例可(ke)以參考，難在無經驗可(ke)以借鑒，難在桁架提(ti)籃(lan)拱(gong)拱(gong)肋結構復雜，拱(gong)肋制造、拼裝精度要求高(gao)，拱(gong)肋外包混凝土(tu)技術要求高(gao)，線形(xing)控制難度大。

由于技(ji)術(shu)含量太(tai)高(gao)，相(xiang)關(guan)部門(men)專(zhuan)門(men)開展了(le)主橋抗風性能(neng)、鋼砼結合拱(gong)(gong)肋構造、拱(gong)(gong)座大體積混(hun)凝(ning)土施(shi)工技(ji)術(shu)、拱(gong)(gong)肋鋼結構預(yu)埋件安裝及(ji)定位施(shi)工技(ji)術(shu)、大跨大噸(dun)位纜索設計及(ji)扣掛(gua)施(shi)工技(ji)術(shu)、吊掛(gua)法現(xian)澆(jiao)拱(gong)(gong)圈(quan)內主梁施(shi)工技(ji)術(shu)、大跨度拱(gong)(gong)橋吊桿安裝及(ji)張拉控制技(ji)術(shu)等多項(xiang)專(zhuan)題研究，全(quan)方位確保大橋的順利施(shi)工。

鴨池(chi)河特大(da)橋(qiao)(qiao)的10號(hao)、11號(hao)橋(qiao)(qiao)墩是制約全橋(qiao)(qiao)工程進(jin)度(du)的關鍵控制點(dian)。為確保(bao)全橋(qiao)(qiao)總體工程進(jin)度(du)，負責(ze)施工的中鐵(tie)大(da)橋(qiao)(qiao)局(ju)成(cheng)貴鐵(tie)路5標第三項目分部(bu)，從今年3月14日(ri)開(kai)始，組織了大(da)干(gan)100天暨“六比六創(chuang)”大(da)橋(qiao)(qiao)杯勞動(dong)競賽(sai)活動(dong)。擬通(tong)過勞動(dong)競賽(sai)的形(xing)式，全面調動(dong)干(gan)部(bu)職工的積極(ji)性(xing)，確保(bao)5月25日(ri)前完(wan)成(cheng)扣(kou)塔拼(pin)裝，6月25日(ri)前完(wan)成(cheng)纜塔拼(pin)裝。

據中鐵大橋局(ju)施工負責人介(jie)紹，目前大橋拱肋首節定(ding)位支架已(yi)經完(wan)成(cheng)，預(yu)計5月25日完(wan)成(cheng)拱座預(yu)留槽及拱腳混(hun)凝土施工，6月17日前完(wan)成(cheng)墩身工程。

活動及其他

這是一個不一樣的(de)(de)地方，山(shan)美，水美，人更美！山(shan)會讓(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)嘆，水會讓(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)醉，人會讓(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)戀(lian)！鴨池河的(de)(de)景(jing)致(zhi)會讓(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)難忘：山(shan)勝似(si)三峽，水勝似(si)漓江！在索(suo)風營電站(zhan)上游(you)大(da)約(yue)8公里的(de)(de)地方，黔西(xi)縣鐵石鄉(xiang)米新寨(zhai)村與清鎮市暗流鎮沙男村隔河相(xiang)望(wang)，陡峭的(de)(de)山(shan)勢和(he)深切的(de)(de)峽谷，既為兩岸帶來(lai)了(le)美麗(li)的(de)(de)風光，也帶來(lai)了(le)諸多(duo)的(de)(de)不便，比如交通。

當然，不(bu)便都(dou)是(shi)過(guo)去(qu)的(de)事。現在，因(yin)為(wei)成貴鐵路(lu)鴨池河特大(da)橋的(de)存在，這里(li)的(de)風光(guang)更加瑰麗，交(jiao)通狀(zhuang)況也正在改(gai)變。

事實上，建(jian)設(she)者(zhe)們燦爛笑容(rong)的(de)背后，也意味著(zhu)這條拱(gong)橋的(de)修建(jian)克(ke)服了種種困難(nan)。一(yi)座承載高速鐵路的(de)山區拱(gong)橋，鋼拱(gong)肋的(de)架設(she)必須(xu)(xu)采用纜索吊機(ji)“斜(xie)拉扣掛”法施工(gong)，需要一(yi)邊安裝(zhuang)拱(gong)橋的(de)拱(gong)肋，一(yi)邊建(jian)一(yi)座斜(xie)拉橋。這種施工(gong)方法要求纜索吊機(ji)必須(xu)(xu)足夠大(da)，足夠高。“這是我們中(zhong)鐵大(da)橋局為大(da)橋建(jian)設(she)自(zi)主研發、設(she)計的(de)大(da)型起(qi)重裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)纜索吊，目(mu)前是我國同(tong)類(lei)型中(zhong)最(zui)大(da)規模的(de)橫(heng)移式(shi)纜索吊，其單次吊重最(zui)大(da)單件吊裝(zhuang)重量(liang)270噸，也刷新了國內(nei)同(tong)類(lei)起(qi)重設(she)備(bei)(bei)施工(gong)紀錄。”施工(gong)現場(chang)相關負責人介紹。

建(jian)設(she)的(de)難度和技術的(de)先進，從另一(yi)組數據(ju)就(jiu)可以看得(de)出，纜索吊(diao)機(ji)跨徑460米、吊(diao)重240噸，相當于(yu)同(tong)時吊(diao)起70頭成(cheng)年大(da)象；吊(diao)機(ji)塔架184米，吊(diao)機(ji)頂距(ju)水(shui)面344米，相當于(yu)115層樓高(gao)。拱肋一(yi)節節越(yue)架越(yue)高(gao)，最后高(gao)度距(ju)水(shui)面270米。也就(jiu)是說(shuo)，施工面基本都在300米左(zuo)右的(de)高(gao)空(kong)。

實際上，這座(zuo)(zuo)橋(qiao)梁創下的紀錄遠不止這些。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)橋(qiao)址處地(di)(di)(di)(di)質情況為(wei)(wei)典(dian)型(xing)的喀(ka)斯特高原(yuan)、峽谷地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌類型(xing)，河道兩岸巖崖陡峭，地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢險峻，有部分巖崖與河面夾角甚至達到90度。為(wei)(wei)了解決這一難(nan)題，設(she)計方經過科學計算(suan)和反(fan)復(fu)論證，創新地(di)(di)(di)(di)提出(chu)了中承式(shi)空腹鋼混(hun)結合提籃(lan)(lan)拱橋(qiao)的橋(qiao)型(xing)方案(an)，是世界(jie)上首座(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)于雙線(xian)高速鐵路上的中承式(shi)空腹鋼混(hun)結合提籃(lan)(lan)拱橋(qiao)。