洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan),位于洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)鎮政(zheng)府駐地北院內龍祠前,泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)旱澇(lao)如一,四季(ji)不涸。洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)列久(jiu)負(fu)盛名的(de)洪(hong)(hong)范(fan)(fan)九泉(quan)(quan)(quan)之首,最為(wei)壯觀。《東(dong)阿縣志》載:"池(chi)在城南15里群山之中(zhong),突起一高(gao)(gao)阜,周圍(wei)咸(xian)巨壑,泉(quan)(quan)(quan)仰(yang)吐其上,甃石為(wei)池(chi)。"此處地勢(shi)奇特(te),四周重巒(luan)疊嶂,中(zhong)間高(gao)(gao)地突起。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)涌(yong)溢而出(chu),水(shui)面平(ping)穩如鏡,不顯趵突之狀(zhuang),四季(ji)長(chang)流,水(shui)勢(shi)均衡(heng)。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)涌(yong)水(shui)量(liang)日均量(liang)在700立(li)方米(mi)左右。因泉(quan)(quan)(quan)建池(chi),泉(quan)(quan)(quan)池(chi)呈(cheng)正(zheng)方形(xing),水(shui)深約6米(mi)。此泉(quan)(quan)(quan)獨特(te)之處,泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)不以旱澇(lao)而消長(chang),不以冬夏而變溫,水(shui)溫長(chang)年(nian)在17℃左右。水(shui)質優良,內含(han)鍶(si)、鋰(li)、鍺、偏硅酸等20多(duo)種人體必需的(de)微(wei)量(liang)元素(su)。
書院泉(quan)(quan),曾名東流(liu)泉(quan)(quan)。位(wei)于洪范池(chi)(chi)(chi)鎮天(tian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)山(shan)下書院村(cun)(cun)。泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)從村(cun)(cun)東天(tian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)山(shan)腳下的巖石(shi)縫隙散溢流(liu)出,匯入(ru)邊長約8米(mi)的石(shi)砌方(fang)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。池(chi)(chi)(chi)中水(shui)藻(zao)搖(yao)曳,清澈(che)見底。該泉(quan)(quan)常年涌(yong)(yong)流(liu),水(shui)極盛,是洪范池(chi)(chi)(chi)泉(quan)(quan)群中涌(yong)(yong)水(shui)量(liang)最大的一泉(quan)(quan),日涌(yong)(yong)水(shui)量(liang)達1萬立方(fang)米(mi)。泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)從池(chi)(chi)(chi)南(nan)壁(bi)的石(shi)雕龍口中跌落至一方(fang)形小(xiao)池(chi)(chi)(chi),再流(liu)入(ru)半圓形水(shui)池(chi)(chi)(chi),隨之(zhi)噴珠吐玉,沿(yan)小(xiao)溪盤村(cun)(cun)繞戶,穿林潤木(mu),匯入(ru)浪(lang)溪河。
扈(hu)泉(quan),北距洪范池(chi)1公里,在書院村以南扈(hu)山(shan)坳,因北臨古(gu)扈(hu)城遺址而(er)得(de)名。扈(hu)山(shan)坳在云翠(cui)山(shan)山(shan)陰(yin),峭(qiao)壁陡立。山(shan)坳西壁下(xia)端(duan),天(tian)然(ran)溶洞幽深莫測(ce),扈(hu)泉(quan)便從這(zhe)洞中(zhong)(zhong)涌出。平時細(xi)水(shui)(shui)長流,遇大雨(yu)盛水(shui)(shui)時期,泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)從洞中(zhong)(zhong)由下(xia)而(er)上(shang)噴涌而(er)出,跌下(xia)山(shan)谷,形成瀑布(bu),觸巖抵石,聲傳(chuan)數里。巖壁懸有(you)古(gu)柏,石隙擠出青(qing)條。古(gu)人將此(ci)景稱(cheng)作"扈(hu)泉(quan)涌碧",為東阿古(gu)八(ba)景之一,如今南壁懸崖上(shang),仍鐫刻著明朝(chao)巡撫都御史(shi)孟一脈書寫的"扈(hu)泉(quan)涌碧"四個(ge)朱(zhu)紅(hong)大字。
墨池泉(quan)(quan),在扈泉(quan)(quan)西北百(bai)余米(mi)處。泉(quan)(quan)池為邊長7米(mi)的石砌(qi)方池,甚深,水色如(ru)墨,故名。取之(zhi)又澄(cheng)清(qing)透(tou)亮。此泉(quan)(quan)能隨朝夕及(ji)月缺、月圓有(you)潮汐(xi),傳說為東海海眼,堪稱奇觀。
狼(lang)泉,位于洪范池東5公里處(chu),大寨山(shan)東側(ce)。此泉因常有狼(lang)來飲(yin)水,故名(ming)。泉水下游與其他八泉匯成河流,因狼(lang)泉位于最上游,故名(ming)狼(lang)溪(xi)河,因此名(ming)不雅后演化為浪溪(xi)河。此泉已修入(ru)大寨村水庫內。
白(bai)雁(yan)(yan)泉(quan)(quan),在洪范池(chi)鎮白(bai)雁(yan)(yan)泉(quan)(quan)村中,村以泉(quan)(quan)得名(ming)。村北為(wei)龍頭山,泉(quan)(quan)即(ji)在山之南坡。泉(quan)(quan)池(chi)東側原有元皇(huang)慶一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1312年(nian)(nian))《天(tian)平觀碑志》記載,漢王劉邦伐楚帶兵(bing)路過這(zhe)里,天(tian)氣炎熱,士兵(bing)干渴難忍,四(si)處尋水(shui)(shui)(shui),忽見一(yi)群(qun)白(bai)雁(yan)(yan)從山下(xia)驚起,王曰(yue)必有泉(quan)(quan)。便令軍士察之,果然(ran)。人(ren)們便將此(ci)泉(quan)(quan)稱為(wei)"白(bai)雁(yan)(yan)泉(quan)(quan)"。泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)頗佳(jia),四(si)季(ji)涌(yong)流(liu),日涌(yong)量850立方(fang)米(mi)左右。村民皆(jie)取此(ci)水(shui)(shui)(shui)飲用(yong)。泉(quan)(quan)池(chi)由(you)巨塊石砌(qi)岸,水(shui)(shui)(shui)呈碧(bi)綠,深不見底(di),水(shui)(shui)(shui)自池(chi)南壁石雕龍頭口中瀉入一(yi)方(fang)形小池(chi),爾后流(liu)入水(shui)(shui)(shui)渠,灌溉農田。
拔箭泉(quan),在洪范池(chi)鎮白(bai)(bai)雁泉(quan)村東首高地上。相傳漢(han)王劉邦(bang)帶兵喝過白(bai)(bai)雁泉(quan)的水后,發現不遠的地方也有(you)白(bai)(bai)雁,于(yu)是便張弓射去。雁受驚飛(fei)走(zou),箭卻插在地上。軍(jun)士將(jiang)箭拔起,隨箭涌(yong)出一(yi)眼(yan)清(qing)泉(quan),故名"拔箭泉(quan)"。此(ci)泉(quan)水勢好,常(chang)年不涸,泉(quan)涌(yong)量(liang)與白(bai)(bai)雁泉(quan)相埒。泉(quan)池(chi)頗大(da),呈正方形,邊長(chang)19米(mi),深3米(mi),石(shi)砌。池(chi)中砌一(yi)南北(bei)向石(shi)墻,將(jiang)池(chi)一(yi)分為二(er),東池(chi)狹長(chang)而(er)水深,西(xi)池(chi)面(mian)闊而(er)水淺(qian)。池(chi)南壁分別留(liu)有(you)溢水口(kou),盛水季節,泉(quan)水經(jing)此(ci)瀉(xie)出,沿河渠流進村莊和田間,興(xing)灌(guan)溉之利(li)。
丁泉,位于洪范(fan)池(chi)(chi)鎮(zhen)丁泉村東(dong)首,華蓋山(又名韓寨)西側(ce)山腳下,泉池(chi)(chi)長(chang)9米,寬(kuan)5米,深(shen)3.5米,以(yi)青石(shi)砌壘。水自巖縫涌(yong)出(chu),匯為清(qing)(qing)池(chi)(chi),澄澈明(ming)麗,再由(you)大(da)池(chi)(chi)西側(ce)石(shi)雕(diao)龍頭口中跌(die)入小(xiao)池(chi)(chi),常年不斷,日涌(yong)水量(liang)約(yue)1400立方米。水從(cong)溢水口泄下,浪花四濺,沿(yan)街旁小(xiao)溪漫流。大(da)池(chi)(chi)池(chi)(chi)岸(an)四周,圍以(yi)0.8米高的石(shi)雕(diao)欄桿。池(chi)(chi)水極為澄明(ming),池(chi)(chi)底(di)綠藻清(qing)(qing)晰可見。該(gai)泉水勢很好,久旱不涸(he),可供全村人飲用、洗浣。
長(chang)溝(gou)泉,散落在一條(tiao)長(chang)6.5公里的深溝(gou)中。這條(tiao)深溝(gou)起源(yuan)于洪范池鎮最南部南劉莊(zhuang)村,經李山頭、任莊(zhuang)、陳莊(zhuang)、閆莊(zhuang)、張海,順勢蜿蜒北至洪范池匯泉水(shui)庫。因(yin)溝(gou)東西兩側(ce)皆系(xi)高山,溝(gou)內隨處有(you)涓(juan)涓(juan)細流(liu)涌出,故名長(chang)溝(gou)泉。
日(ri)月(yue)泉,位于(yu)洪(hong)范(fan)池鎮云(yun)翠(cui)山元代南天觀內。遺址(zhi)北側有"回陽洞(dong)(dong)(dong)",又稱"長春洞(dong)(dong)(dong)"。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)口朝北,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內南壁下有一清泉,涓涓細流(liu),跌進(jin)一圓形和一半圓形池中,如(ru)同(tong)日(ri)月(yue)形狀,故名"日(ri)月(yue)泉"。泉水(shui)(shui)甘冽,常年不涸。昔(xi)日(ri)觀內道士,即于(yu)此(ci)泉汲水(shui)(shui)烹茶為(wei)飲。
天(tian)乳(ru)泉,位于洪范池鎮大寨(zhai)山上。山頂兩巖(yan)(yan)對峙(zhi),中間有(you)石梁相(xiang)連,稱"天(tian)門觀(guan)"。北巖(yan)(yan)的(de)側(ce)面(mian)有(you)巨石探出,似乳(ru)形,石面(mian)中部(bu)凹進,內(nei)有(you)山水(shui)滲出,滴(di)滴(di)下墜,故名天(tian)乳(ru)泉。
洪(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)(chi)(chi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun)(qun)(qun),位(wei)于(yu)洪(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)(chi)(chi)鎮浪(lang)溪(xi)河(he)中(zhong)上游右側(ce),分布面積約9平方(fang)公(gong)里。著名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)有洪(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、書院泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、扈泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、墨池(chi)(chi)(chi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、狼泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、白雁(yan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、拔(ba)箭泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、丁泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、長溝泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)洪(hong)范(fan)(fan)九泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。洪(hong)范(fan)(fan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun)(qun)(qun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)甘(gan)洌(lie)清涼,含有鈣(gai)、氯、鉀(jia)、鈉、鎂等豐富的(de)(de)礦物(wu)質(zhi)。用浪(lang)溪(xi)河(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泡制的(de)(de)阿膠歷經(jing)千年不衰,譽(yu)為(wei)(wei)圣藥,馳名(ming)(ming)中(zhong)外(wai)。在2004年4月揭曉的(de)(de)濟(ji)南新(xin)七(qi)十(shi)二名(ming)(ming)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)評選中(zhong),洪(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)(chi)(chi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun)(qun)(qun)被列為(wei)(wei)濟(ji)南市(shi)十(shi)大(da)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun)(qun)(qun)之一,洪(hong)范(fan)(fan)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、書院泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(東流泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan))、扈泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)以及(ji)位(wei)于(yu)云翠(cui)山(shan)上的(de)(de)日(ri)月泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)均在濟(ji)南市(shi)新(xin)七(qi)十(shi)二名(ming)(ming)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)之列。該泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)群(qun)(qun)(qun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)涌(yong)量約占(zhan)全縣泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)涌(yong)量的(de)(de)3/4。
平陰縣(xian)境內出露泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)較多,泉(quan)在(zai)(zai)山區(qu)丘(qiu)陵(ling)及(ji)山前地(di)帶溝谷與(yu)坡腳出露。在(zai)(zai)洪范池鎮、舊縣(xian)鄉等低山丘(qiu)陵(ling)區(qu),有(you)較大面(mian)積的(de)厚(hou)層石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)巖在(zai)(zai)出露地(di)表,風化嚴重,裂隙發育。該層石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)巖下伏紅色紙(zhi)狀頁(ye)巖,具有(you)不(bu)(bu)透水(shui)(shui)(shui)性,是良好(hao)的(de)隔水(shui)(shui)(shui)層,因此在(zai)(zai)厚(hou)層石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)巖裂隙巖溶中(zhong)流(liu)動的(de)地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui),沿裂隙涌(yong)出,形成(cheng)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。全縣(xian)共有(you)30處(chu)(chu)(chu)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)出露(包括舊縣(xian)鄉5處(chu)(chu)(chu)泉(quan),1996年該鄉整建(jian)制劃(hua)歸東平縣(xian))。在(zai)(zai)出露泉(quan)中(zhong),常年不(bu)(bu)涸的(de)有(you)5處(chu)(chu)(chu),書院泉(quan)等17處(chu)(chu)(chu)泉(quan)在(zai)(zai)舊志中(zhong)有(you)記(ji)載。泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)(zai)地(di)形分(fen)布上,一(yi)般出露于山間谷地(di),高程在(zai)(zai)海拔75米~110米之間,多屬(shu)裂隙下降泉(quan)。上述泉(quan)群(qun)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)部分(fen)為人(ren)畜飲用,一(yi)部分(fen)灌溉農田,其(qi)余(yu)大部分(fen)形成(cheng)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)入水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、河(he)流(liu),部分(fen)由(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、河(he)流(liu)滲漏補(bu)給地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)。
洪范池(chi)(chi),位(wei)于洪范池(chi)(chi)鎮政(zheng)府駐地西池(chi)(chi)村北院內龍祠前,距(ju)平陰縣城(cheng)32.5公(gong)里。池(chi)(chi)為明(ming)代所建(jian),呈正(zheng)方(fang)(fang)形(xing),石(shi)(shi)砌,內徑7米,深6.3米,四(si)周(zhou)建(jian)有回臺(tai),池(chi)(chi)水(shui)清冽泓(hong)大。池(chi)(chi)周(zhou)有石(shi)(shi)欄護圍,上有雕刻(ke)精細的(de)(de)座獅(shi)望柱和花卉(hui)欄板。泉(quan)(quan)池(chi)(chi)南側外壁上,有一青石(shi)(shi)雕刻(ke)的(de)(de)龍頭,從(cong)池(chi)(chi)壁探(tan)出(chu)(chu),水(shui)從(cong)龍嘴中涌出(chu)(chu),噴(pen)珠泄玉,落入2米見方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)砌水(shui)池(chi)(chi)中。龍頭正(zheng)上方(fang)(fang)鐫有"龍池(chi)(chi)"二字。水(shui)池(chi)(chi)兩(liang)側,各(ge)有一尊(zun)石(shi)(shi)獅(shi)。泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)繞池(chi)(chi)一周(zhou)流出(chu)(chu),與眾(zhong)泉(quan)(quan)相匯為浪溪河(he),再入黃河(he)。
"洪(hong)范(fan)"一名來自《尚書·洪(hong)范(fan)》篇,取洪(hong)水(shui)就范(fan)之(zhi)意。洪(hong)范(fan)池(chi)又名"龍(long)池(chi)"。據清道光十八(ba)年(1838年)《重(zhong)修洪(hong)范(fan)池(chi)碑(bei)記》載:"金(jin)完顏時,村人因禱雨輒應,建龍(long)祠于池(chi)北,故又號龍(long)池(chi)"。由(you)此可(ke)見(jian),金(jin)代或金(jin)代以前就已建成(cheng)了洪(hong)范(fan)池(chi),距今至少(shao)也有850多年的歷史。廟前有古樹兩株,長勢旺盛。1980年定(ding)為縣級重(zhong)點文物保護單位。
整個洪范池(chi)(chi)院(yuan)(yuan)面(mian)積約有(you)(you)(you)2500平(ping)方米(mi),院(yuan)(yuan)內舊時頗(po)具規模,樓臺亭榭,清(qing)幽典雅(ya),鳥語花香,秀麗如畫。池(chi)(chi)北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)拱形石橋,橫跨渠(qu)上,橋北(bei)為(wei)龍祠。龍祠西原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)孟(meng)(meng)姜閣樓2楹(ying)兩層,閣前有(you)(you)(you)玉女池(chi)(chi)。孟(meng)(meng)姜閣西原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)知(zhi)縣井其洵于雍(yong)正(zheng)十三年(1735年)設(she)立(li)的義學。義學有(you)(you)(you)北(bei)房3楹(ying),由東(dong)(dong)及西各配(pei)房3楹(ying),有(you)(you)(you)名師設(she)教于此(ci)。道(dao)光九(jiu)年(1829年),知(zhi)縣李賢書(shu)重(zhong)修義學4楹(ying),并書(shu)額名曰(yue):"雨花堂"。后人稱曰(yue)"雨花義塾(shu)"。此(ci)前建八角亭,亭勢(shi)挑(tiao)檐如翼,亭前數竹(zhu)生于一(yi)泓渠(qu)中(zhong)。池(chi)(chi)前原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)神棚,漫脊3楹(ying)、兩來(lai)門(men)。門(men)南30米(mi)遙對戲樓,與(yu)龍祠同建中(zhong)軸(zhou)。神棚左右有(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)、西兩山(shan)門(men)。池(chi)(chi)東(dong)(dong)原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)3通石碑,為(wei)歷代重(zhong)修泉池(chi)(chi)所立(li)。石碑東(dong)(dong)原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)南屋(wu)5楹(ying),是招待四方游客的客廳。池(chi)(chi)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)道(dao)士(shi)內院(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)區。院(yuan)(yuan)內原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)堂屋(wu)5間,東(dong)(dong)屋(wu)5間,西屋(wu)3間。池(chi)(chi)上舊有(you)(you)(you)繞周垣墻,由山(shan)門(men)入池(chi)(chi)院(yuan)(yuan),滿園肅(su)然(ran),乃(nai)是柏、竹(zhu)、廟、亭、池(chi)(chi)、義學、道(dao)院(yuan)(yuan)渾然(ran)一(yi)體的勝(sheng)景。
書院泉(quan),位(wei)于洪范池(chi)鎮天池(chi)山(shan)下(xia)書院村。明代(dai)中(zhong)丞(cheng)劉隅(yu)曾臨(lin)泉(quan)建書院。書院依山(shan)抱水(shui),風景(jing)如畫(hua),歷來為文(wen)人名宦流(liu)連忘返之佳處。舊《東(dong)阿縣志》收錄了大量(liang)古人吟(yin)誦東(dong)流(liu)泉(quan)的詩作。明代(dai)太子(zi)少保、禮部尚書兼東(dong)閣大學士于慎行留詩贊曰:"風雷鳴(ming)丹谷(gu),林亭依翠岑。一樽今日酒(jiu),千(qian)里故(gu)人心。樹動三秋色,泉(quan)飛萬壑音(yin)。夜涼(liang)橫吹起,欲聽水(shui)龍(long)吟(yin)。"
丁泉(quan)(quan),又名(ming)"丁蘭泉(quan)(quan)"。相傳此(ci)處為古(gu)代二十四孝之一(yi)的丁蘭故里,故而得名(ming)。臨池(chi)(chi),昔日(ri)建(jian)有(you)廟宇,現(xian)存遺(yi)址。石(shi)欄北側(ce)嵌清(qing)乾隆七年(nian)(1742年(nian))《重(zhong)修(xiu)丁泉(quan)(quan)池(chi)(chi)碑(bei)記(ji)》碑(bei)。碑(bei)載:"此(ci)池(chi)(chi)不知(zhi)浚(jun)自(zi)何代,元至(zhi)正年(nian)間已重(zhong)修(xiu)。"1958年(nian)為興水(shui)利,對泉(quan)(quan)池(chi)(chi)進行改(gai)(gai)建(jian),并勒《改(gai)(gai)建(jian)丁泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)池(chi)(chi)碑(bei)記(ji)》石(shi)刻(ke)。