甘(gan)肅(su)酒泉風(feng)電(dian)(dian)基(ji)地是(shi)指(zhi)位于甘(gan)肅(su)省酒泉市的千萬千瓦風(feng)電(dian)(dian)基(ji)地。甘(gan)肅(su)酒泉風(feng)電(dian)(dian)發展模(mo)式(shi)既不同(tong)于國(guo)(guo)(guo)內現有的風(feng)電(dian)(dian)發展模(mo)式(shi)，也不同(tong)于國(guo)(guo)(guo)外現有的風(feng)電(dian)(dian)發展模(mo)式(shi)。改革開放30年(nian)來(lai)(lai)，隨(sui)著中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)經濟的高速發展，能源需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)也在快速增加。世界(jie)新增能源需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)的40%以(yi)上來(lai)(lai)自中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)已經成為僅次于美國(guo)(guo)(guo)的全(quan)世界(jie)第二大能源消費國(guo)(guo)(guo)。到2007年(nian)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)內石油需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)的一半依(yi)靠進口，煤炭也由傳統出口產(chan)品轉(zhuan)變為凈進口。
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費結(jie)構中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，煤(mei)炭、石(shi)油和天然氣等化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)占主導地位。盡管近(jin)年來中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費所占的(de)比重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)呈現下(xia)降趨勢，但2007年煤(mei)炭在能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費總(zong)量(liang)的(de)比重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)仍然高(gao)(gao)達69.4%，是世界(jie)主要經濟(ji)體中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)煤(mei)炭消(xiao)費比重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)高(gao)(gao)的(de)國(guo)家。能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)需求的(de)快(kuai)速(su)增(zeng)長和以煤(mei)炭為主的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結(jie)構，決(jue)定了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)污染物排放等主要環保指標(biao)居高(gao)(gao)不下(xia)。
2007年(nian)化(hua)石能(neng)源消費占(zhan)能(neng)源總量的(de)92.8%，包括水電(dian)、核電(dian)和風(feng)電(dian)在內的(de)其他(ta)能(neng)源消費所占(zhan)比(bi)重僅(jin)為(wei)7.2%，其中(zhong)除了水電(dian)以外的(de)其他(ta)可再生能(neng)源所占(zhan)比(bi)重非常低。
在所有可(ke)再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)中，水電(dian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)技術最成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)，目(mu)前具備開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)條(tiao)件的(de)水電(dian)項目(mu)基(ji)本已經(jing)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、正(zheng)在開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)或準備開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)是(shi)除了水電(dian)以外開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)技術最成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)、開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本最低(di)的(de)可(ke)再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，是(shi)未來最具有大規(gui)(gui)模(mo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)價值的(de)可(ke)再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)。隨(sui)著全(quan)世界(jie)化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)價格的(de)上漲，風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本已經(jing)與(yu)核(he)電(dian)相當，與(yu)傳統火電(dian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本接近(jin)，遠(yuan)低(di)于(yu)生物質(zhi)、太陽能(neng)等其他可(ke)再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本。近(jin)年來隨(sui)著風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)設(she)(she)備制造水平的(de)提高(gao)，風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)建設(she)(she)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本大幅度(du)降低(di)，大規(gui)(gui)模(mo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)效益(yi)也進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)降低(di)了風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本。正(zheng)因為(wei)(wei)以上原因，風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展是(shi)國(guo)家可(ke)再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)替代(dai)戰略的(de)必(bi)然(ran)選(xuan)擇(ze)。甘肅(su)酒泉以其豐富的(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)力資源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)大規(gui)(gui)模(mo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)的(de)優勢，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)千萬千瓦風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)基(ji)地的(de)歷史性選(xuan)擇(ze)。
歐洲、美國風(feng)電(dian)的發(fa)展(zhan)較(jiao)早，占系統總裝機的比例較(jiao)大(da)，但其陸上風(feng)電(dian)多為小型(xing)風(feng)電(dian)場(chang)，靠近負荷中心，主要采取風(feng)電(dian)小規模(mo)(mo)(mo)開發(fa)，分散接(jie)(jie)入低(di)壓配電(dian)網，這(zhe)種就地消(xiao)納接(jie)(jie)入模(mo)(mo)(mo)式對電(dian)網的影響較(jiao)小。近年來開始(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)的海(hai)上風(feng)電(dian)規模(mo)(mo)(mo)較(jiao)大(da)，大(da)多采用高(gao)電(dian)壓等級集(ji)中接(jie)(jie)入的送出模(mo)(mo)(mo)式，但其建設規模(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)以電(dian)網的接(jie)(jie)受(shou)能力為控制條件，單個(ge)海(hai)上風(feng)電(dian)規模(mo)(mo)(mo)不太大(da)，接(jie)(jie)入并網點相對分散，這(zhe)種分散接(jie)(jie)入、就地平衡(heng)后送出的接(jie)(jie)入模(mo)(mo)(mo)式對電(dian)網的影響也不大(da)。
歐美(mei)國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)結(jie)構較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)堅強，吸納風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)能力強，風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)展較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)快的(de)地區(qu)大多位于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)中部，因(yin)(yin)此風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)集(ji)中接入對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)總體影響相對(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小。另(ling)外(wai)歐洲(zhou)、美(mei)國(guo)在風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)發(fa)展過程(cheng)中已經建立(li)了較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)完整(zheng)的(de)管理(li)體系(xi)，風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場規(gui)劃、建設(she)、運(yun)(yun)行(xing)管理(li)制度較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)健全，風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備制造技術水平較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高，風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場運(yun)(yun)行(xing)管理(li)經驗豐富，風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場并網(wang)(wang)規(gui)程(cheng)規(gui)范(fan)管理(li)辦法(fa)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)齊全，因(yin)(yin)此歐美(mei)地區(qu)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)影響較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小。
歐美通(tong)過政府制定法律、法規(gui)和(he)相關(guan)政策，引導(dao)企業(ye)按照(zhao)市場(chang)需求為(wei)導(dao)向的(de)發展(zhan)模式(shi)發展(zhan)風電(dian)，風電(dian)發展(zhan)以靠近用(yong)電(dian)負荷中心、小規(gui)模、多(duo)業(ye)主、高度分散為(wei)其主要(yao)發展(zhan)形式(shi)。
中國(guo)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)資(zi)源豐富(fu)的(de)地(di)區大(da)多(duo)(duo)遠(yuan)離負荷中心(xin)，當地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網結構薄弱(ruo)，吸納風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)能力弱(ruo)，并且大(da)多(duo)(duo)采用大(da)規模集(ji)中開發的(de)建設模式，單個風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場或(huo)需要集(ji)中送出的(de)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)總(zong)裝(zhuang)機容(rong)量(liang)規模越(yue)(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)，接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網系(xi)統(tong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級越(yue)(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)(yue)高，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)送出的(de)距離越(yue)(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)(yue)遠(yuan)，因此(ci)雖然風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占系(xi)統(tong)總(zong)裝(zhuang)機容(rong)量(liang)的(de)比重(zhong)較小，但(dan)由于風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場規模較大(da)，遠(yuan)離負荷中心(xin)，尤其是千萬(wan)千瓦、百萬(wan)千瓦級巨型風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)大(da)多(duo)(duo)位(wei)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網末端，風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場并網及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力送出矛盾(dun)極其突出。
另外風電設備制造技(ji)術水平較低(di)，風電技(ji)術規程規范欠缺，管(guan)理制度(du)不完善，因(yin)此中國風電快速發展已經對電網運行造成了(le)巨(ju)大(da)的影響。
中(zhong)(zhong)國政府制定(ding)扶持風(feng)電(dian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)法律法規(gui)、相(xiang)關政策、規(gui)定(ding)和管(guan)理辦(ban)法，通過特(te)許權招標(biao)、核準等形(xing)式實現風(feng)電(dian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)宏(hong)觀調控；政府主導(dao)風(feng)電(dian)以資源開發(fa)為(wei)主導(dao)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)模式，遠距離、大(da)規(gui)模、少業主、高度(du)集中(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國風(feng)電(dian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)主要形(xing)式。
甘(gan)肅(su)省是全國風能(neng)(neng)資(zi)源較(jiao)豐富的(de)(de)省區(qu)之(zhi)一，風能(neng)(neng)資(zi)源理論儲量為237GW，風能(neng)(neng)總(zong)儲量居全國第五位。甘(gan)肅(su)省的(de)(de)風能(neng)(neng)資(zi)源主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要集(ji)中在(zai)(zai)酒(jiu)(jiu)泉地區(qu)，酒(jiu)(jiu)泉風電基(ji)地的(de)(de)風能(neng)(neng)開(kai)發利用主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要集(ji)中在(zai)(zai)玉門、瓜州、馬鬃山3個區(qu)域(yu)內(nei)。這(zhe)3個區(qu)域(yu)的(de)(de)風速主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要集(ji)中在(zai)(zai)4.0～12.0m/s，年平均(jun)風速5.0～6.5m/s，風能(neng)(neng)密(mi)度(du)均(jun)超過(guo)150W/m2。
截至2008年年底，甘(gan)(gan)肅酒(jiu)泉(quan)地區(qu)已投(tou)產發電的風(feng)電裝機(ji)容量已達到508.6MW，其中瓜(gua)州(zhou)地區(qu)裝機(ji)容量300MW，玉門(men)地區(qu)裝機(ji)容量208.6MW。甘(gan)(gan)肅酒(jiu)泉(quan)風(feng)電基(ji)(ji)地2010年年底計劃建成裝機(ji)容量為5160MW的風(feng)電項目(mu)，2015年前投(tou)產12710MW的風(feng)電項目(mu)，2020年增加(jia)到20000MW以上，2020年以后為30000MW：因此(ci)裝機(ji)規(gui)模(mo)巨(ju)大是(shi)甘(gan)(gan)肅酒(jiu)泉(quan)風(feng)電基(ji)(ji)地基(ji)(ji)本特點。
玉(yu)門風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)群(qun)(qun)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)蘭州(zhou)(zhou)負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)平均(jun)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)約為900km，瓜(gua)州(zhou)(zhou)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)群(qun)(qun)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)蘭州(zhou)(zhou)負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)平均(jun)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)約為1000km，馬鬃山風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)群(qun)(qun)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)蘭州(zhou)(zhou)負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)平均(jun)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)約為1100km，整(zheng)個酒(jiu)泉風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)群(qun)(qun)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)蘭州(zhou)(zhou)負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)平均(jun)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)約為1000km。如果考慮在(zai)西北區域內消納(na)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)，距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)平均(jun)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)更遠(yuan)，距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)1000km以上是(shi)目(mu)前(qian)已知的(de)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)最遠(yuan)的(de)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)場。考慮2015年(nian)12710MW風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)必須在(zai)全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)力市場消納(na)，其距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)更遠(yuan)，因此距(ju)(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)最遠(yuan)、輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線路最長是(shi)甘(gan)肅酒(jiu)泉風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)基地的(de)基本特點(dian)。
為了滿足風(feng)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)送(song)出需要(yao)，甘(gan)肅酒泉(quan)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)基地所(suo)有風(feng)電(dian)(dian)項目要(yao)直(zhi)接(jie)或間接(jie)通過750kV電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級(ji)接(jie)入(ru)系統，考(kao)慮2015年12710MW風(feng)電(dian)(dian)必須(xu)在全國電(dian)(dian)力市場消(xiao)納，需要(yao)建設(she)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級(ji)更高的(de)(de)特高壓(ya)直(zhi)流輸電(dian)(dian)工(gong)程。甘(gan)肅酒泉(quan)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)基地風(feng)電(dian)(dian)接(jie)入(ru)系統的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級(ji)世界最高，送(song)出工(gong)程建設(she)規(gui)模(mo)和投資世界最大。
酒泉千萬千瓦(wa)級風電(dian)基(ji)地超(chao)大規模集中開發(fa)(fa)、超(chao)遠距離輸電(dian)的(de)開發(fa)(fa)模式，突(tu)破了(le)國內外現(xian)有的(de)風電(dian)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)理論，創(chuang)新了(le)風電(dian)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)理念(nian)，為(wei)世界風電(dian)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提供了(le)一(yi)種(zhong)全新的(de)選擇機遇。
由于風(feng)電(dian)(dian)難以(yi)起到(dao)常規電(dian)(dian)源在電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統(tong)中調(diao)峰、調(diao)頻、調(diao)壓和備用(yong)(yong)等方面的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)，而且(qie)存(cun)(cun)在一些影(ying)響電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統(tong)安全(quan)穩定經濟運行的(de)(de)因(yin)素，因(yin)此風(feng)力(li)(li)(li)發電(dian)(dian)與(yu)常規電(dian)(dian)源相比，差異(yi)巨大(da)。酒泉大(da)規模風(feng)電(dian)(dian)，除了具有常規風(feng)力(li)(li)(li)發電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)共性問題以(yi)外，還(huan)存(cun)(cun)在許多特殊的(de)(de)個性問題。
甘肅河(he)西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)全長約(yue)為(wei)1000km，是目前國內(nei)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距(ju)離最長、串聯變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所最多的330kV線路(lu)，受到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)結構(gou)的限制，輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力較弱(ruo)。正常電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)運(yun)行方式下(xia)，河(he)西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)東送(song)的能力僅(jin)為(wei)700MW左右，不僅(jin)無法滿(man)足酒泉(quan)陸上“三峽”風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地的送(song)出需要(yao)，考(kao)慮到(dao)張掖(ye)黑河(he)等水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占用一部分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)送(song)出能力以后，無法滿(man)足現(xian)有的500MW左右的風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的送(song)出需要(yao)。
甘肅省(sheng)電力公司(si)根據酒泉(quan)陸(lu)上“三峽”風(feng)電基地的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)需(xu)要，快速啟動了(le)電網(wang)規(gui)劃(hua)與(yu)(yu)年度建(jian)設(she)計(ji)劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調整工作。為了(le)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)2010年年底(di)計(ji)劃(hua)建(jian)成投產的(de)(de)(de)(de)5160MW風(feng)電項目的(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要，計(ji)劃(hua)投資(zi)120億元(yuan)左右建(jian)設(she)河(he)(he)西750kV電網(wang)。但經(jing)過分析計(ji)算(suan)常規(gui)河(he)(he)西750kV電網(wang)西電東送(song)(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力僅(jin)為1800MW左右，不(bu)僅(jin)無法(fa)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)酒泉(quan)陸(lu)上“三峽”風(feng)電基地的(de)(de)(de)(de)送(song)(song)出需(xu)要，不(bu)考(kao)慮張掖黑河(he)(he)等水電占(zhan)用一部分電網(wang)送(song)(song)出能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，也無法(fa)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)已經(jing)核準的(de)(de)(de)(de)5160MW的(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)電的(de)(de)(de)(de)送(song)(song)出需(xu)要。為此(ci)甘肅省(sheng)電力公司(si)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)內有(you)關研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)院所合(he)作，開(kai)展了(le)深(shen)入的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)，采取國(guo)內外最先(xian)進的(de)(de)(de)(de)750kV串補和(he)世界沒(mei)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)750kV可控高抗等多項最先(xian)進的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術措施，同時通過750kV電網(wang)與(yu)(yu)新(xin)疆聯網(wang)，以提高系統穩定水平和(he)輸(shu)送(song)(song)能力，但也無法(fa)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)5160MW風(feng)電送(song)(song)出。
2015年(nian)12710MW以及2020年(nian)增加到20000MW以上(shang)裝機容(rong)量的風(feng)電(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)，即使不考慮(lv)電(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)量能否在甘(gan)肅電(dian)網消(xiao)納的問題(ti)，依靠(kao)常規的交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)，在目(mu)前技術(shu)水平下(xia)難(nan)以將電(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)量送(song)到甘(gan)肅主網，風(feng)電(dian)送(song)出(chu)(chu)問題(ti)的矛盾極其(qi)突出(chu)(chu)，必(bi)須依靠(kao)采取全世界(jie)最先(xian)進的特高壓直流(liu)(liu)輸電(dian)技術(shu)，才有(you)可能解決2015年(nian)以后(hou)的風(feng)電(dian)送(song)出(chu)(chu)問題(ti)。
發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)必(bi)須同(tong)時完成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點，決定(ding)了(le)整(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)必(bi)須隨用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化而變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化，總(zong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)適應(ying)總(zong)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化同(tong)步(bu)調整(zheng)，要求(qiu)(qiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)內必(bi)須有(you)部分發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組承(cheng)擔(dan)隨著用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化而變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調整(zheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，即發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)；由于風電(dian)(dian)(dian)具有(you)“風”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)歇性(xing)(xing)(xing)、波動性(xing)(xing)(xing)、隨機(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點，決定(ding)了(le)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)難以(yi)保持穩定(ding)，更不可能(neng)(neng)與用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)步(bu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化，為了(le)滿足發(fa)(fa)供(gong)用(yong)同(tong)時完成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)基本要求(qiu)(qiu)，必(bi)須有(you)其他電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)承(cheng)擔(dan)起適應(ying)風力(li)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化要求(qiu)(qiu)而相應(ying)反向變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)調整(zheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)：因此(ci)具有(you)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)除了(le)要求(qiu)(qiu)滿足正常負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)以(yi)外，還必(bi)須滿足適應(ying)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)隨機(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。
小(xiao)規(gui)模(mo)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占(zhan)整(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量比例較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，對(dui)(dui)于系統(tong)(tong)(tong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)要相對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，但為(wei)(wei)(wei)了滿(man)足2010年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底計劃建成投產的(de)(de)5160MW風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)需(xu)(xu)要，對(dui)(dui)于全(quan)省最大用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)僅有(you)8030MW的(de)(de)甘(gan)肅電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是一(yi)項(xiang)嚴峻的(de)(de)考驗；截至2008年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底甘(gan)肅電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網統(tong)(tong)(tong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量為(wei)(wei)(wei)14960MW，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)5294MW、火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)9069MW、風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)597MW，分(fen)(fen)別占(zhan)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)總容(rong)(rong)(rong)量的(de)(de)35.38%、60.62%、3.99%；在14960MW的(de)(de)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量中(zhong)具備調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量約(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)6500MW，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)4500MW、水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)2000MW，水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水期(qi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)弱、枯水期(qi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)較(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang)，火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)供熱(re)期(qi)間調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)弱、非供熱(re)期(qi)間調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)較(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang)，受到水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)運行方式以及(ji)檢修等因素的(de)(de)影響，系統(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)最大可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量約(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)4000MW；考慮事故備用(yong)、負荷(he)備用(yong)等因素需(xu)(xu)要占(zhan)用(yong)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，另外(wai)由于省內(nei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網結構的(de)(de)原(yuan)因可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)限制部(bu)分(fen)(fen)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，全(quan)省所有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)不同時期(qi)的(de)(de)總調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)約(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)2500MW；考慮到其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)有(you)約(yue)1000MW的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)需(xu)(xu)要用(yong)于用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠承(cheng)擔風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)僅約(yue)1500MW，根本無法滿(man)足2010年(nian)(nian)5160MW風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所需(xu)(xu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)要求。
依靠甘(gan)肅(su)(su)自有的(de)(de)水(shui)火(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)是遠(yuan)遠(yuan)不夠的(de)(de)，必須考(kao)慮(lv)西(xi)北五省區(qu)尤其(qi)用(yong)黃河中上游水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)參與調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)，但(dan)其(qi)中涉及到(dao)黃河水(shui)資源的(de)(de)綜(zong)合(he)利用(yong)，大規模跨(kua)省調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)度(du)管理(li)模式(shi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)費交易管理(li)辦法(fa)等一系列管理(li)問(wen)題，另外還存在水(shui)火(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組能(neng)否適應頻繁(fan)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)能(neng)否適應系統潮流頻繁(fan)大范圍(wei)波(bo)動(dong)等方面(mian)技術(shu)問(wen)題。2015年12710MW以及2020年增加到(dao)20000MW以上裝機容量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)項目(mu)，即使不考(kao)慮(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)能(neng)否在甘(gan)肅(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)消納的(de)(de)問(wen)題，在現有技術(shu)水(shui)平下(xia)西(xi)北電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)總體調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)力已經無法(fa)滿足要求，需要在更大范圍(wei)或(huo)新(xin)的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)技術(shu)才(cai)能(neng)解決(jue)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)問(wen)題。
已經(jing)核準的(de)(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項(xiang)目全(quan)部投產后，到2010年年底(di)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機容量(liang)達(da)到5160MW，年發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)約為(wei)10300GW·h，2008年全(quan)省(sheng)統(tong)調(diao)范圍(wei)內(nei)(nei)最大負荷(he)8030MW、省(sheng)公(gong)司(si)(si)售(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)52922GW·h，受到金融(rong)危機的(de)(de)影響全(quan)省(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求增長趨(qu)緩，預計(ji)到2010年全(quan)省(sheng)統(tong)調(diao)范圍(wei)內(nei)(nei)最大負荷(he)9500MW、省(sheng)公(gong)司(si)(si)售(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)56000GW·h。全(quan)省(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最大負荷(he)僅為(wei)9500MW，要消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)5160MW風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)平(ping)衡(heng)(heng)的(de)(de)角度考(kao)慮幾乎(hu)(hu)是不(bu)可能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)；省(sheng)公(gong)司(si)(si)售(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)56000GW·h中要消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)10300GW·h的(de)(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)平(ping)衡(heng)(heng)看似乎(hu)(hu)可能(neng)(neng)，但考(kao)慮到面臨著水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建設(she)項(xiang)目大批投產，全(quan)省(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求增長減緩的(de)(de)實際(ji)，如果5160MW的(de)(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)全(quan)部在(zai)甘肅省(sheng)內(nei)(nei)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)，火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組的(de)(de)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)小時數將(jiang)下降到3500h以(yi)下。因此(ci)無論從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)平(ping)衡(heng)(heng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)平(ping)衡(heng)(heng)方面考(kao)慮，2010年5160 MW風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在(zai)省(sheng)內(nei)(nei)難以(yi)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)，必須(xu)依靠(kao)西(xi)北電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網以(yi)及全(quan)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網進行消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)。
2015年12710MW以(yi)及(ji)2020年增(zeng)(zeng)加到20000MW以(yi)上裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)的(de)(de)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項目，即使(shi)考(kao)慮(lv)全(quan)省(sheng)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷以(yi)年均10%的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)率(lv)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力平衡的(de)(de)角度考(kao)慮(lv)，不(bu)僅(jin)甘肅(su)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)無(wu)法(fa)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)，西北電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)也難(nan)以(yi)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)。2015年及(ji)2020年裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)所對應的(de)(de)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)分別約為25000GW·h、42000GW·h，即使(shi)考(kao)慮(lv)全(quan)省(sheng)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)需求以(yi)年均8%的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)率(lv)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，不(bu)僅(jin)甘肅(su)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)也無(wu)法(fa)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)，預計西北電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)也難(nan)以(yi)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)。2015年及(ji)以(yi)后的(de)(de)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)必(bi)須依靠全(quan)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市場消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)，因此(ci)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)納(na)存在較(jiao)大的(de)(de)不(bu)確定性。
2010年年底投產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)5160MW風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)主要(yao)依靠750kV交(jiao)流(liu)線路(lu)(lu)(lu)送出(chu)，1000km750kV雙(shuang)回線路(lu)(lu)(lu)，大(da)概(gai)有(you)1600MV·A的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線路(lu)(lu)(lu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，線路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)會隨線路(lu)(lu)(lu)潮流(liu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)而(er)變(bian)化(hua)，由于(yu)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隨機性特點，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快速變(bian)化(hua)將對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系統(tong)(tong)穩定產(chan)生(sheng)巨大(da)影響。風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規模越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)大(da)，接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)級越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)高，由于(yu)風力(li)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)斷性，將導致輸(shu)出(chu)線路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)送功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)大(da)幅(fu)度(du)變(bian)化(hua)，進而(er)引(yin)起(qi)線路(lu)(lu)(lu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)起(qi)大(da)落，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)必(bi)(bi)須具備足(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、動態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感性和(he)容性無功(gong)(gong)調節(jie)能力(li)，同時要(yao)求各(ge)類發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)協同調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，才可能實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)效控制。交(jiao)流(liu)聯網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)頻率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)之間(jian)相(xiang)互(hu)影響，酒泉地區風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)出(chu)力(li)大(da)幅(fu)度(du)變(bian)化(hua)必(bi)(bi)然(ran)引(yin)起(qi)整(zheng)個系統(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、頻率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)波動，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)(tong)存在(zai)頻率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)穩定問題(ti)。
為(wei)了(le)滿足送出能力(li)的要求，河西(xi)750kV電網(wang)必須(xu)同(tong)時采取750kV串(chuan)補(bu)(bu)和可控(kong)高抗等(deng)多項最先(xian)進的柔性(xing)(xing)輸(shu)電技(ji)術，另外為(wei)了(le)適應(ying)風(feng)電機(ji)組間歇性(xing)(xing)風(feng)電的需(xu)要，風(feng)電場(chang)(chang)升壓站必須(xu)安裝15%～20%的動(dong)態無功補(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)設(she)備(bei)（SVC或SVG），串(chuan)補(bu)(bu)、可控(kong)高抗和動(dong)態無功補(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)設(she)備(bei)等(deng)柔性(xing)(xing)輸(shu)電技(ji)術在(zai)河西(xi)電網(wang)同(tong)時應(ying)用，不(bu)僅可能產生(sheng)次同(tong)步(bu)諧振等(deng)問題(ti)，還(huan)需(xu)要綜合研(yan)究柔性(xing)(xing)輸(shu)電的控(kong)制策略問題(ti)。由于超大(da)規模(mo)風(feng)電場(chang)(chang)數學模(mo)型不(bu)完善，面對超大(da)規模(mo)風(feng)電的遠距離輸(shu)電問題(ti)，不(bu)僅缺乏(fa)實際運行管(guan)理(li)經驗，理(li)論分析計算的結論仍然存在(zai)不(bu)確定性(xing)(xing)，因此酒泉風(feng)電基(ji)地可能存在(zai)較(jiao)大(da)的系統穩定問題(ti)。
能(neng)否滿足風(feng)電送出的需求是酒泉千萬千瓦級風(feng)電基地成功與否的關鍵。面(mian)對前所未有的輸(shu)送能(neng)力、調(diao)峰能(neng)力、電力消納和(he)系統穩定等方面(mian)的一系列(lie)難題，電網(wang)企業面(mian)臨著前所未有的挑戰。
超前規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、加快建設(she)，以風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)促進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)發展。科(ke)學合(he)理的(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)是滿足風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)送出需求的(de)(de)前提條(tiao)件。為了(le)適應酒(jiu)泉(quan)千萬千瓦級風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地建設(she)的(de)(de)要求，國網(wang)(wang)公司牽頭組織完成(cheng)了(le)河西(xi)750/330kV電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)最大(da)(da)(da)接納風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)力、接入規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)方案、輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、大(da)(da)(da)規(gui)(gui)模風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)適應性四大(da)(da)(da)課題的(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)，根(gen)據(ju)上述四大(da)(da)(da)課題的(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)成(cheng)果，快速啟動了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)修訂與調(diao)整工作。千方百計加快電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)建設(she)是解決風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)送出矛盾(dun)的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵。必須全(quan)力以赴加快風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)送出工程的(de)(de)前期(qi)工作和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)建設(she)。
統籌規劃、協調發(fa)展(zhan)，以(yi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)促進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)。國際上(shang)公認的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構比例為(wei)1:5以(yi)上(shang)。考慮到酒泉(quan)千(qian)萬千(qian)瓦(wa)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊情況，為(wei)了滿足風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)調峰(feng)(feng)和遠距離送(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟性(xing)要求，經過初(chu)步研(yan)(yan)究，在(zai)(zai)酒泉(quan)地(di)(di)區(qu)滿足火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構比例應該(gai)按照(zhao)2∶1考慮。在(zai)(zai)河西(xi)(xi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)相應規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，既(ji)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調峰(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力，也有利于促進全省(sheng)經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。在(zai)(zai)加快(kuai)酒泉(quan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)，充分發(fa)揮省(sheng)內和周邊省(sheng)份煤炭(tan)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢，努力克服水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)短(duan)缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劣勢，加快(kuai)河西(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)區(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調整，爭取與風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規模同(tong)步建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)一批新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項目，努力建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)以(yi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)河西(xi)(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)。同(tong)時(shi)利用(yong)河西(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)區(qu)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)太陽能(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，研(yan)(yan)究風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)互補的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)性(xing)，以(yi)滿足酒泉(quan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)調峰(feng)(feng)需求為(wei)契(qi)機，努力建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)包括風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)河西(xi)(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)，實現建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)酒泉(quan)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)目標。
超前(qian)謀劃(hua)(hua)、爭(zheng)取政策，以風電(dian)(dian)(dian)促進電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)外送。在甘肅河西(xi)地(di)區風電(dian)(dian)(dian)、火電(dian)(dian)(dian)以及(ji)抽水(shui)蓄能電(dian)(dian)(dian)站協調發展，并且實(shi)現(xian)與新疆哈密聯網運行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上，實(shi)際形成(cheng)了哈密—酒泉風電(dian)(dian)(dian)、火電(dian)(dian)(dian)能源基地(di)的(de)(de)(de)特征。有(you)了穩定的(de)(de)(de)大(da)規模電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，西(xi)北(bei)區域(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網是(shi)難以滿足電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)消納的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)，必(bi)須(xu)在全國范(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)統一資源，優(you)化配置(zhi)。2015年及(ji)以后風電(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)其(qi)他電(dian)(dian)(dian)源裝機(ji)容(rong)量大(da)幅度增加(jia)，僅靠西(xi)北(bei)區域(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網是(shi)難以滿足調峰能力(li)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)消納等方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)，必(bi)須(xu)爭(zheng)取實(shi)行(xing)(xing)跨地(di)區在全國范(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)資源優(you)化配置(zhi)，提出切實(shi)可行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)外送輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)規劃(hua)(hua)。
建立標準(zhun)、規范管(guan)理，促進風(feng)(feng)(feng)電有序(xu)發展(zhan)。為了適(shi)應風(feng)(feng)(feng)電快速發展(zhan)的(de)(de)要求，必須建立適(shi)合大規模風(feng)(feng)(feng)電發展(zhan)需要的(de)(de)技術標準(zhun)和管(guan)理規范；加強風(feng)(feng)(feng)電場接(jie)入系統(tong)(tong)管(guan)理，統(tong)(tong)一風(feng)(feng)(feng)電機組技術標準(zhun)和風(feng)(feng)(feng)電機組性能試驗標準(zhun)，全面提高風(feng)(feng)(feng)電運(yun)行管(guan)理水(shui)平。
加強(qiang)研究、攻(gong)堅克難，促進(jin)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)科(ke)學(xue)發展。利用酒泉(quan)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)場(chang)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)大(da)(da)、風(feng)(feng)電(dian)機組種類齊(qi)全的特點，建(jian)立科(ke)學(xue)準確的甘肅風(feng)(feng)電(dian)場(chang)數學(xue)模(mo)(mo)型，與國內外高水平研究機構、大(da)(da)學(xue)廣泛合作，加快酒泉(quan)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)有關的關鍵技術問(wen)題的研究，促進(jin)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)健康、科(ke)學(xue)發展。
巧(qiao)笑倩(qian)兮(xi)
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