甘(gan)肅酒(jiu)(jiu)泉(quan)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)基地是指(zhi)位于(yu)甘(gan)肅省(sheng)酒(jiu)(jiu)泉(quan)市的(de)(de)(de)千萬千瓦(wa)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)基地。甘(gan)肅酒(jiu)(jiu)泉(quan)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)發(fa)展(zhan)模式既(ji)不同于(yu)國(guo)(guo)內現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)發(fa)展(zhan)模式,也(ye)不同于(yu)國(guo)(guo)外現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)發(fa)展(zhan)模式。改革開放30年(nian)來,隨著中國(guo)(guo)經濟的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)速發(fa)展(zhan),能(neng)源(yuan)需求也(ye)在(zai)快速增加。世(shi)界新增能(neng)源(yuan)需求的(de)(de)(de)40%以上來自中國(guo)(guo),中國(guo)(guo)已(yi)經成(cheng)為(wei)僅次于(yu)美國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)全世(shi)界第二(er)大能(neng)源(yuan)消費(fei)國(guo)(guo)。到2007年(nian),國(guo)(guo)內石油需求的(de)(de)(de)一半依靠(kao)進口,煤炭也(ye)由傳統出(chu)口產品轉變為(wei)凈進口。
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國能源(yuan)消費(fei)(fei)結構中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),煤(mei)(mei)炭、石(shi)(shi)油和(he)天然氣(qi)等(deng)(deng)化石(shi)(shi)能源(yuan)占主導地位。盡管近年來中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國化石(shi)(shi)能源(yuan)消費(fei)(fei)所(suo)占的(de)(de)比重呈(cheng)現(xian)下(xia)降趨勢,但2007年煤(mei)(mei)炭在能源(yuan)消費(fei)(fei)總量的(de)(de)比重仍然高達69.4%,是世界主要經(jing)濟體中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)煤(mei)(mei)炭消費(fei)(fei)比重最高的(de)(de)國家(jia)。能源(yuan)需求的(de)(de)快速增長和(he)以煤(mei)(mei)炭為主的(de)(de)能源(yuan)結構,決(jue)定了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國污染物(wu)排放等(deng)(deng)主要環保指標(biao)居高不下(xia)。
2007年化石(shi)能源(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)占能源(yuan)(yuan)總量的92.8%,包(bao)括水(shui)(shui)電、核電和風(feng)電在內的其(qi)他能源(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)所(suo)(suo)占比重僅為(wei)7.2%,其(qi)中除了水(shui)(shui)電以外的其(qi)他可(ke)再生能源(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)(suo)占比重非(fei)常低。
在所(suo)有可再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)中,水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)技術(shu)最(zui)成(cheng)(cheng)熟,目前具(ju)備(bei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)條件的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)項目基(ji)本已經開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)、正(zheng)在開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)或準備(bei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)。風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)是除了水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)以外開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)技術(shu)最(zui)成(cheng)(cheng)熟、開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)成(cheng)(cheng)本最(zui)低(di)的(de)(de)可再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan),是未來(lai)最(zui)具(ju)有大規(gui)模(mo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)價值的(de)(de)可再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)。隨著全(quan)世界(jie)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)價格(ge)的(de)(de)上(shang)漲,風(feng)(feng)力發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)本已經與核(he)電(dian)(dian)相當,與傳(chuan)統火電(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)本接近,遠(yuan)低(di)于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物質、太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等其他可再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)本。近年來(lai)隨著風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)設備(bei)制造水(shui)(shui)平的(de)(de)提高,風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)建設成(cheng)(cheng)本大幅(fu)度降低(di),大規(gui)模(mo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)規(gui)模(mo)效益也進一步降低(di)了風(feng)(feng)力發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)成(cheng)(cheng)本。正(zheng)因為(wei)以上(shang)原因,風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)是國家可再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)替代(dai)戰略的(de)(de)必然選擇。甘肅酒泉(quan)以其豐富的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)力資源(yuan)和大規(gui)模(mo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)優勢,成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)中國千(qian)萬千(qian)瓦風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)基(ji)地的(de)(de)歷史性(xing)選擇。
歐洲、美國風(feng)電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展較早,占系統總裝機的(de)(de)(de)(de)比例較大(da),但其(qi)陸上(shang)風(feng)電(dian)多(duo)為小(xiao)(xiao)型風(feng)電(dian)場,靠近(jin)負(fu)荷中心(xin),主(zhu)要采取風(feng)電(dian)小(xiao)(xiao)規(gui)(gui)模開(kai)發,分散接入(ru)低壓(ya)配電(dian)網,這種(zhong)就(jiu)地消納接入(ru)模式對電(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)較小(xiao)(xiao)。近(jin)年來開(kai)始發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)海上(shang)風(feng)電(dian)規(gui)(gui)模較大(da),大(da)多(duo)采用高電(dian)壓(ya)等級集中接入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)送出模式,但其(qi)建設規(gui)(gui)模是以電(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)接受能力為控制條件(jian),單個(ge)海上(shang)風(feng)電(dian)規(gui)(gui)模不(bu)太大(da),接入(ru)并網點相對分散,這種(zhong)分散接入(ru)、就(jiu)地平(ping)衡后送出的(de)(de)(de)(de)接入(ru)模式對電(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)也不(bu)大(da)。
歐美國(guo)(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網結構較堅強(qiang),吸納風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)能力(li)強(qiang),風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)發展較快的(de)(de)地區大多位于電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)中(zhong)部,因此風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)集中(zhong)接(jie)入對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)總體影(ying)響(xiang)相對(dui)較小。另外歐洲、美國(guo)(guo)在(zai)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)發展過程中(zhong)已經(jing)建立(li)了較完整的(de)(de)管理體系,風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)規(gui)(gui)劃、建設、運行(xing)管理制度較健全,風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備制造技術水平較高,風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)運行(xing)管理經(jing)驗豐富(fu),風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)并網規(gui)(gui)程規(gui)(gui)范管理辦(ban)法較齊全,因此歐美地區風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)較小。
歐美通過(guo)政(zheng)府制(zhi)定法(fa)律、法(fa)規(gui)和(he)相關政(zheng)策,引導企業按照市場需(xu)求為(wei)導向的發展(zhan)(zhan)模式發展(zhan)(zhan)風電,風電發展(zhan)(zhan)以(yi)靠近用電負荷中心、小規(gui)模、多業主、高(gao)度分(fen)散為(wei)其主要發展(zhan)(zhan)形(xing)式。
中(zhong)國風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)資源豐富的(de)地(di)區大(da)多(duo)遠離負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)心,當地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)結構薄弱,吸納風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)能(neng)力(li)弱,并且大(da)多(duo)采用大(da)規模(mo)集中(zhong)開發(fa)的(de)建設模(mo)式,單個風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場或需要集中(zhong)送出(chu)的(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)總裝(zhuang)機容量(liang)規模(mo)越(yue)(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da),接入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)系(xi)統的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)級(ji)越(yue)(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)(yue)高(gao),電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)送出(chu)的(de)距離越(yue)(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)(yue)遠,因此雖然風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)占系(xi)統總裝(zhuang)機容量(liang)的(de)比重較小(xiao),但由于風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場規模(mo)較大(da),遠離負(fu)(fu)荷中(zhong)心,尤其是千(qian)(qian)萬千(qian)(qian)瓦、百(bai)萬千(qian)(qian)瓦級(ji)巨型風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)大(da)多(duo)位于電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)末端,風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場并網(wang)(wang)及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)送出(chu)矛盾(dun)極(ji)其突出(chu)。
另外風(feng)電設備制造(zao)技(ji)術(shu)水平(ping)較低,風(feng)電技(ji)術(shu)規程規范欠缺,管理制度(du)不完善,因此中國風(feng)電快速發展已經(jing)對電網運行(xing)造(zao)成了巨大的影響。
中國政(zheng)府制(zhi)定扶持風(feng)電(dian)發(fa)展的法(fa)律法(fa)規、相關(guan)政(zheng)策、規定和管理辦法(fa),通過特許權招標(biao)、核準(zhun)等形式實現(xian)風(feng)電(dian)發(fa)展的宏觀調控;政(zheng)府主導風(feng)電(dian)以資源開發(fa)為(wei)主導的發(fa)展模式,遠距離、大規模、少業主、高度集中成為(wei)中國風(feng)電(dian)發(fa)展的主要形式。
甘(gan)肅(su)省(sheng)是全(quan)國風(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)資(zi)源(yuan)較豐(feng)富的(de)省(sheng)區(qu)之一,風(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)資(zi)源(yuan)理(li)論儲(chu)量為237GW,風(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)總(zong)儲(chu)量居全(quan)國第五位。甘(gan)肅(su)省(sheng)的(de)風(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)資(zi)源(yuan)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)集(ji)中(zhong)在酒(jiu)泉地區(qu),酒(jiu)泉風(feng)(feng)電基地的(de)風(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)開發利用主要(yao)(yao)(yao)集(ji)中(zhong)在玉門、瓜州、馬鬃山3個區(qu)域(yu)(yu)內。這3個區(qu)域(yu)(yu)的(de)風(feng)(feng)速主要(yao)(yao)(yao)集(ji)中(zhong)在4.0~12.0m/s,年(nian)平均(jun)風(feng)(feng)速5.0~6.5m/s,風(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)密度均(jun)超過150W/m2。
截至2008年年底,甘肅(su)酒(jiu)泉(quan)地(di)(di)區已(yi)(yi)投產(chan)發電的(de)風(feng)電裝機(ji)(ji)容量(liang)已(yi)(yi)達到508.6MW,其中瓜州(zhou)地(di)(di)區裝機(ji)(ji)容量(liang)300MW,玉(yu)門地(di)(di)區裝機(ji)(ji)容量(liang)208.6MW。甘肅(su)酒(jiu)泉(quan)風(feng)電基地(di)(di)2010年年底計劃(hua)建成裝機(ji)(ji)容量(liang)為5160MW的(de)風(feng)電項(xiang)目,2015年前(qian)投產(chan)12710MW的(de)風(feng)電項(xiang)目,2020年增(zeng)加(jia)到20000MW以(yi)上,2020年以(yi)后為30000MW:因(yin)此裝機(ji)(ji)規(gui)模(mo)巨大是甘肅(su)酒(jiu)泉(quan)風(feng)電基地(di)(di)基本特點。
玉(yu)門風(feng)電(dian)群距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)蘭州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)平(ping)均(jun)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)約(yue)為900km,瓜州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)風(feng)電(dian)群距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)蘭州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)平(ping)均(jun)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)約(yue)為1000km,馬鬃山風(feng)電(dian)群距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)蘭州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)平(ping)均(jun)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)約(yue)為1100km,整個酒泉(quan)風(feng)電(dian)群距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)蘭州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)平(ping)均(jun)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)約(yue)為1000km。如果考慮(lv)在西(xi)北區域(yu)內(nei)消納(na)風(feng)電(dian),距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)平(ping)均(jun)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)更遠,距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)中(zhong)心(xin)1000km以上是(shi)目前已知的(de)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)最(zui)遠的(de)風(feng)電(dian)場(chang)。考慮(lv)2015年(nian)12710MW風(feng)電(dian)必(bi)須在全(quan)國(guo)電(dian)力市場(chang)消納(na),其(qi)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)更遠,因此距(ju)(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)中(zhong)心(xin)最(zui)遠、輸電(dian)線路(lu)最(zui)長是(shi)甘(gan)肅酒泉(quan)風(feng)電(dian)基地的(de)基本特(te)點。
為了滿足風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)的送出需(xu)要(yao),甘(gan)肅(su)(su)酒泉風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)基地所有風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)項目要(yao)直接(jie)或間接(jie)通過750kV電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等級接(jie)入系統,考慮2015年12710MW風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)必須在(zai)全國(guo)電(dian)力市場消納,需(xu)要(yao)建設電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等級更高的特(te)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)直流輸電(dian)工程。甘(gan)肅(su)(su)酒泉風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)基地風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)接(jie)入系統的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等級世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)最高,送出工程建設規模和投資世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)最大。
酒(jiu)泉千(qian)萬千(qian)瓦(wa)級風電基地超(chao)大規模集中開(kai)發(fa)、超(chao)遠距(ju)離輸電的開(kai)發(fa)模式,突破了(le)(le)國內(nei)外(wai)現(xian)有的風電發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理論(lun),創新了(le)(le)風電發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理念,為世(shi)界(jie)風電發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)供了(le)(le)一種全新的選(xuan)擇機遇。
由于風電(dian)(dian)(dian)難(nan)以起到常規電(dian)(dian)(dian)源在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)中調峰、調頻、調壓(ya)和備用等(deng)方面的作用,而且(qie)存(cun)在一(yi)些(xie)影響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)安全穩定經濟運行的因素(su),因此風力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)與常規電(dian)(dian)(dian)源相(xiang)比(bi),差異巨(ju)大。酒(jiu)泉大規模(mo)風電(dian)(dian)(dian),除(chu)了具(ju)有常規風力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的共(gong)性問題以外,還(huan)存(cun)在許多特殊的個(ge)性問題。
甘肅河(he)西電(dian)(dian)網輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)(lu)全(quan)長約為(wei)(wei)1000km,是(shi)目前國內(nei)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)距離最長、串(chuan)聯變電(dian)(dian)所最多的(de)330kV線(xian)路(lu)(lu),受到電(dian)(dian)網結構(gou)的(de)限制,輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)力較弱。正常電(dian)(dian)網運行方(fang)式下,河(he)西電(dian)(dian)網西電(dian)(dian)東(dong)送的(de)能(neng)力僅(jin)為(wei)(wei)700MW左右(you),不僅(jin)無(wu)法(fa)滿足酒泉(quan)陸上(shang)“三峽”風(feng)電(dian)(dian)基地(di)的(de)送出需要,考(kao)慮到張(zhang)掖黑河(he)等水電(dian)(dian)占用(yong)一部(bu)分電(dian)(dian)網送出能(neng)力以(yi)后,無(wu)法(fa)滿足現(xian)有的(de)500MW左右(you)的(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)的(de)送出需要。
甘(gan)肅省(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)公司(si)根(gen)據酒(jiu)泉陸上“三(san)峽”風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)基地的建(jian)設需要,快速啟動了電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)規劃與年度建(jian)設計劃的調(diao)整(zheng)工作(zuo)。為了滿(man)足(zu)2010年年底計劃建(jian)成投產的5160MW風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)項目的需要,計劃投資120億元(yuan)左右建(jian)設河西750kV電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)。但經過(guo)分析計算(suan)常規河西750kV電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)西電(dian)(dian)(dian)東送的能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)僅(jin)(jin)為1800MW左右,不(bu)僅(jin)(jin)無法滿(man)足(zu)酒(jiu)泉陸上“三(san)峽”風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)基地的送出(chu)(chu)需要,不(bu)考慮張掖黑河等水電(dian)(dian)(dian)占(zhan)用(yong)一部分電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)送出(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的問(wen)題,也(ye)無法滿(man)足(zu)已經核準的5160MW的風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的送出(chu)(chu)需要。為此甘(gan)肅省(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)公司(si)與國(guo)內有關研(yan)究院所合(he)作(zuo),開展了深入的研(yan)究,采取(qu)國(guo)內外最(zui)先進(jin)的750kV串補和世(shi)界沒有的750kV可(ke)控高抗(kang)等多項最(zui)先進(jin)的技術措(cuo)施,同時(shi)通過(guo)750kV電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)與新疆聯網(wang),以提高系統穩(wen)定水平和輸(shu)送能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li),但也(ye)無法滿(man)足(zu)5160MW風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)送出(chu)(chu)。
2015年12710MW以(yi)及2020年增加到(dao)20000MW以(yi)上裝機(ji)容量的(de)風電(dian)項(xiang)目(mu),即使不考慮電(dian)力電(dian)量能否在(zai)甘肅(su)電(dian)網消(xiao)納的(de)問(wen)(wen)題,依(yi)靠常規(gui)的(de)交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian),在(zai)目(mu)前技(ji)術水平下難以(yi)將電(dian)力電(dian)量送(song)到(dao)甘肅(su)主網,風電(dian)送(song)出問(wen)(wen)題的(de)矛盾極其突出,必須(xu)依(yi)靠采取全世(shi)界最(zui)先進的(de)特高壓(ya)直流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)技(ji)術,才(cai)有可能解決2015年以(yi)后的(de)風電(dian)送(song)出問(wen)(wen)題。
發(fa)電(dian)、供(gong)電(dian)和用(yong)電(dian)必(bi)須(xu)同時(shi)完成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點,決(jue)定(ding)了(le)整(zheng)個電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統的(de)(de)(de)總發(fa)電(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)必(bi)須(xu)隨用(yong)電(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)而變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua),總發(fa)電(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)適應(ying)總用(yong)電(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)同步調整(zheng),要求電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統內必(bi)須(xu)有部(bu)分發(fa)電(dian)機組承擔(dan)隨著用(yong)電(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)而變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)調整(zheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),即發(fa)電(dian)機組的(de)(de)(de)調峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li);由于風電(dian)具有“風”的(de)(de)(de)間歇性(xing)、波動(dong)性(xing)、隨機性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點,決(jue)定(ding)了(le)風電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)難以(yi)保(bao)持穩(wen)定(ding),更不可(ke)能(neng)(neng)與用(yong)電(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)同步變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua),為了(le)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)發(fa)供(gong)用(yong)同時(shi)完成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統基本要求,必(bi)須(xu)有其他電(dian)源承擔(dan)起適應(ying)風力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)電(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)要求而相應(ying)反(fan)向變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)調整(zheng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li):因此具有風電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統除了(le)要求滿(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)正常負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)調峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)以(yi)外,還必(bi)須(xu)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)適應(ying)風電(dian)隨機性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)調峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。
小(xiao)規模風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占(zhan)整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統容(rong)量(liang)比例較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao),對于(yu)(yu)系(xi)統調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)相對較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao),但為(wei)了滿(man)足2010年(nian)年(nian)底計劃建成投產的(de)(de)(de)(de)5160MW風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項目的(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)需(xu)(xu)要(yao),對于(yu)(yu)全省(sheng)最(zui)大(da)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)僅(jin)有(you)(you)8030MW的(de)(de)(de)(de)甘肅電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)是一項嚴峻的(de)(de)(de)(de)考(kao)驗;截至2008年(nian)年(nian)底甘肅電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網統調(diao)(diao)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)為(wei)14960MW,其(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)5294MW、火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)9069MW、風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)597MW,分(fen)別占(zhan)系(xi)統總容(rong)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)35.38%、60.62%、3.99%;在14960MW的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)容(rong)量(liang)中(zhong)具(ju)備調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)容(rong)量(liang)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)6500MW,其(qi)中(zhong)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)4500MW、水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)2000MW,水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)期調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)弱(ruo)、枯水(shui)(shui)期調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)較(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang),火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)供熱期間(jian)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)弱(ruo)、非(fei)供熱期間(jian)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)較(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang),受到水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)運行(xing)方式以及檢修等因素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響,系(xi)統內最(zui)大(da)可能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)容(rong)量(liang)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)4000MW;考(kao)慮(lv)事(shi)故備用、負荷(he)備用等因素(su)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)占(zhan)用一部(bu)分(fen)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li),另外由(you)于(yu)(yu)省(sheng)內電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網結構的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因可能(neng)(neng)限(xian)制部(bu)分(fen)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li),全省(sheng)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不同時(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)總調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)2500MW;考(kao)慮(lv)到其(qi)中(zhong)有(you)(you)約(yue)(yue)1000MW的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)用于(yu)(yu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),能(neng)(neng)夠承擔風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力(li)僅(jin)約(yue)(yue)1500MW,根(gen)本無法滿(man)足2010年(nian)5160MW風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)需(xu)(xu)調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。
依靠甘肅自有(you)(you)的(de)(de)水火(huo)電(dian)(dian)機組調(diao)(diao)峰是遠遠不(bu)(bu)夠(gou)的(de)(de),必須考慮(lv)西北五省(sheng)(sheng)區尤其用黃河中(zhong)上(shang)游水電(dian)(dian)參與(yu)調(diao)(diao)峰,但(dan)其中(zhong)涉及到黃河水資源的(de)(de)綜合利用,大(da)規模(mo)跨省(sheng)(sheng)調(diao)(diao)峰的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)度(du)管理(li)(li)模(mo)式(shi)和電(dian)(dian)費(fei)交易管理(li)(li)辦(ban)法等一(yi)系列管理(li)(li)問題(ti),另外還存在(zai)水火(huo)電(dian)(dian)機組能否(fou)適(shi)應頻(pin)(pin)繁調(diao)(diao)峰、電(dian)(dian)網(wang)能否(fou)適(shi)應系統潮流頻(pin)(pin)繁大(da)范(fan)圍波動等方面技術(shu)問題(ti)。2015年12710MW以(yi)及2020年增(zeng)加到20000MW以(yi)上(shang)裝(zhuang)機容量的(de)(de)風電(dian)(dian)項目,即使(shi)不(bu)(bu)考慮(lv)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)量能否(fou)在(zai)甘肅電(dian)(dian)網(wang)消納的(de)(de)問題(ti),在(zai)現有(you)(you)技術(shu)水平(ping)下(xia)西北電(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)總(zong)體(ti)調(diao)(diao)峰能力(li)已經無(wu)法滿足(zu)要求,需(xu)要在(zai)更大(da)范(fan)圍或新的(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)峰技術(shu)才能解決調(diao)(diao)峰問題(ti)。
已經核(he)準(zhun)的(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項(xiang)目全部投產后,到(dao)2010年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機容量(liang)達到(dao)5160MW,年(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)約為10300GW·h,2008年(nian)(nian)全省(sheng)統調(diao)范圍內最(zui)大負(fu)(fu)荷8030MW、省(sheng)公(gong)司售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)52922GW·h,受到(dao)金融危機的(de)影響全省(sheng)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求(qiu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)趨緩,預計到(dao)2010年(nian)(nian)全省(sheng)統調(diao)范圍內最(zui)大負(fu)(fu)荷9500MW、省(sheng)公(gong)司售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)56000GW·h。全省(sheng)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最(zui)大負(fu)(fu)荷僅為9500MW,要(yao)(yao)消(xiao)納(na)(na)5160MW風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力平(ping)衡(heng)(heng)的(de)角度考(kao)慮(lv)幾乎(hu)是不可能的(de);省(sheng)公(gong)司售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)56000GW·h中要(yao)(yao)消(xiao)納(na)(na)10300GW·h的(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang),從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)平(ping)衡(heng)(heng)看似乎(hu)可能,但考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)面臨著(zhu)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)設項(xiang)目大批投產,全省(sheng)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求(qiu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)減緩的(de)實(shi)際,如(ru)果(guo)5160MW的(de)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)全部在甘肅省(sheng)內消(xiao)納(na)(na),火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組的(de)利用(yong)小時數(shu)將(jiang)下降到(dao)3500h以下。因此無論從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力平(ping)衡(heng)(heng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)平(ping)衡(heng)(heng)方(fang)面考(kao)慮(lv),2010年(nian)(nian)5160 MW風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在省(sheng)內難以消(xiao)納(na)(na),必須依靠西北電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網以及(ji)全國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網進行(xing)消(xiao)納(na)(na)。
2015年(nian)(nian)12710MW以及2020年(nian)(nian)增加到20000MW以上裝機容量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)風電(dian)項目,即使考(kao)慮全省用電(dian)負荷以年(nian)(nian)均10%的(de)(de)(de)增長(chang)率增長(chang),從(cong)電(dian)力平衡的(de)(de)(de)角度考(kao)慮,不(bu)(bu)僅甘(gan)肅(su)電(dian)網無(wu)法(fa)消(xiao)納(na),西北電(dian)網也難以消(xiao)納(na)。2015年(nian)(nian)及2020年(nian)(nian)裝機容量(liang)(liang)所對應的(de)(de)(de)風電(dian)發電(dian)量(liang)(liang)分別約為25000GW·h、42000GW·h,即使考(kao)慮全省用電(dian)量(liang)(liang)需(xu)求以年(nian)(nian)均8%的(de)(de)(de)增長(chang)率增長(chang),不(bu)(bu)僅甘(gan)肅(su)電(dian)網也無(wu)法(fa)消(xiao)納(na),預計西北電(dian)網也難以消(xiao)納(na)。2015年(nian)(nian)及以后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)風電(dian)發電(dian)量(liang)(liang)必須依(yi)靠全國電(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)消(xiao)納(na),因此風電(dian)消(xiao)納(na)存在(zai)較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)確定性。
2010年(nian)年(nian)底投(tou)產的(de)(de)5160MW風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)要依靠750kV交(jiao)(jiao)流線路(lu)送出(chu),1000km750kV雙回(hui)線路(lu),大(da)(da)(da)概有1600MV·A的(de)(de)線路(lu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率(lv),線路(lu)的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率(lv)會隨線路(lu)潮流、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)而變(bian)化(hua),由于(yu)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)隨機(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)特點,充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率(lv)的(de)(de)快速(su)變(bian)化(hua)將對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)系統穩定產生巨大(da)(da)(da)影響。風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規(gui)模越(yue)來越(yue)大(da)(da)(da),接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等級越(yue)來越(yue)高,由于(yu)風力(li)(li)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)間斷性(xing)(xing),將導致輸(shu)出(chu)線路(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)送功(gong)率(lv)大(da)(da)(da)幅度變(bian)化(hua),進而引起(qi)(qi)線路(lu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率(lv)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)起(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)(da)落,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網必須具備(bei)足(zu)夠的(de)(de)、動態的(de)(de)感性(xing)(xing)和容性(xing)(xing)無功(gong)調節能力(li)(li),同(tong)時要求各類(lei)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網協(xie)同(tong)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),才可能實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)有效控制(zhi)。交(jiao)(jiao)流聯網的(de)(de)整(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和頻率(lv)之間相互影響,酒泉地區(qu)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)出(chu)力(li)(li)大(da)(da)(da)幅度變(bian)化(hua)必然引起(qi)(qi)整(zheng)個系統電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、頻率(lv)波動,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統存在頻率(lv)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)穩定問題。
為(wei)了滿(man)足送出(chu)能力的(de)(de)(de)要求,河西750kV電(dian)(dian)網必(bi)須(xu)同(tong)時采取750kV串(chuan)(chuan)補和(he)可(ke)控高抗等多項最先進的(de)(de)(de)柔(rou)性輸電(dian)(dian)技術,另(ling)外為(wei)了適應風(feng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組間歇性風(feng)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)需要,風(feng)電(dian)(dian)場升壓站必(bi)須(xu)安(an)裝15%~20%的(de)(de)(de)動態無(wu)功(gong)補償設備(bei)(SVC或(huo)SVG),串(chuan)(chuan)補、可(ke)控高抗和(he)動態無(wu)功(gong)補償設備(bei)等柔(rou)性輸電(dian)(dian)技術在河西電(dian)(dian)網同(tong)時應用(yong),不(bu)僅可(ke)能產生次同(tong)步諧振等問(wen)(wen)題(ti),還需要綜合研究柔(rou)性輸電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)控制策(ce)略問(wen)(wen)題(ti)。由于超大(da)規模風(feng)電(dian)(dian)場數(shu)學(xue)模型(xing)不(bu)完善,面對超大(da)規模風(feng)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)遠距(ju)離輸電(dian)(dian)問(wen)(wen)題(ti),不(bu)僅缺乏(fa)實際(ji)運(yun)行管理(li)經(jing)驗,理(li)論分析計算(suan)的(de)(de)(de)結論仍然存(cun)在不(bu)確定性,因此酒(jiu)泉風(feng)電(dian)(dian)基地可(ke)能存(cun)在較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)系統穩定問(wen)(wen)題(ti)。
能否滿足風(feng)電(dian)送出的(de)需(xu)求是(shi)酒泉千萬千瓦級風(feng)電(dian)基地成功與否的(de)關鍵(jian)。面(mian)(mian)對前所(suo)未有的(de)輸送能力、調峰能力、電(dian)力消納和系統穩(wen)定等方面(mian)(mian)的(de)一(yi)系列(lie)難(nan)題(ti),電(dian)網企業面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)著前所(suo)未有的(de)挑(tiao)戰。
超前規(gui)劃、加(jia)(jia)快建設(she),以風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)促進電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)展。科學合理的(de)規(gui)劃電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)是(shi)滿(man)足風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)送(song)(song)(song)出需求(qiu)的(de)前提(ti)條件(jian)。為了(le)適應酒(jiu)泉千萬千瓦級風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)基(ji)地建設(she)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu),國網(wang)(wang)(wang)公司牽頭組(zu)織完成(cheng)了(le)河西(xi)750/330kV電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)最大(da)接納風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)能力、接入(ru)規(gui)劃方案、輸電(dian)(dian)規(gui)劃、大(da)規(gui)模風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)適應性四(si)大(da)課題的(de)研(yan)究,根據上(shang)述四(si)大(da)課題的(de)研(yan)究成(cheng)果,快速啟動(dong)了(le)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)規(gui)劃的(de)修(xiu)訂與調整工作(zuo)。千方百計加(jia)(jia)快電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)建設(she)是(shi)解決風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)送(song)(song)(song)出矛盾的(de)關鍵(jian)。必須全力以赴加(jia)(jia)快風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)送(song)(song)(song)出工程的(de)前期工作(zuo)和(he)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)建設(she)。
統籌規劃(hua)、協調發(fa)展,以(yi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)促進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展。國(guo)際(ji)上公認的(de)(de)(de)(de)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結構比(bi)(bi)例(li)為(wei)(wei)1:5以(yi)上。考(kao)慮到酒(jiu)(jiu)泉(quan)千萬(wan)千瓦風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基(ji)(ji)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊(shu)情況(kuang),為(wei)(wei)了(le)滿(man)足(zu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)調峰(feng)和遠距離送電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟性(xing)要求,經(jing)過(guo)初步研究,在(zai)(zai)酒(jiu)(jiu)泉(quan)地(di)區(qu)滿(man)足(zu)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結構比(bi)(bi)例(li)應(ying)該按照2∶1考(kao)慮。在(zai)(zai)河(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)建(jian)設(she)相(xiang)應(ying)規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)非風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),既可以(yi)提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)調峰(feng)能(neng)力(li),也有利于促進全省(sheng)經(jing)濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展。在(zai)(zai)加快酒(jiu)(jiu)泉(quan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基(ji)(ji)地(di)建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時,充(chong)分發(fa)揮省(sheng)內(nei)(nei)和周邊(bian)省(sheng)份煤(mei)炭資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢,努(nu)力(li)克服水資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)短缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)劣勢,加快河(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)地(di)區(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)規劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調整,爭取(qu)與風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規模同步建(jian)設(she)一批新的(de)(de)(de)(de)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項目,努(nu)力(li)建(jian)設(she)以(yi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)河(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)。同時利用河(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)地(di)區(qu)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)太(tai)陽能(neng)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),研究風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)互補的(de)(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)性(xing),以(yi)滿(man)足(zu)酒(jiu)(jiu)泉(quan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)調峰(feng)需求為(wei)(wei)契機,努(nu)力(li)建(jian)設(she)包括風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)河(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)(ji)地(di),實(shi)現建(jian)設(she)酒(jiu)(jiu)泉(quan)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展目標。
超前謀劃、爭(zheng)取(qu)政策,以風電(dian)促進電(dian)力(li)外(wai)送。在甘肅河西地(di)區風電(dian)、火(huo)電(dian)以及(ji)抽水(shui)蓄能(neng)(neng)電(dian)站協(xie)調發展,并且實(shi)現與新疆哈密(mi)聯網(wang)運行的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上,實(shi)際形成(cheng)了(le)哈密(mi)—酒(jiu)泉風電(dian)、火(huo)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)基(ji)地(di)的(de)(de)特征。有了(le)穩定(ding)的(de)(de)大規(gui)模(mo)電(dian)源(yuan),西北區域電(dian)網(wang)是難以滿足(zu)電(dian)力(li)消納的(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu),必須在全(quan)國(guo)范(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)統一資源(yuan),優化配置(zhi)。2015年(nian)及(ji)以后風電(dian)及(ji)其他電(dian)源(yuan)裝機(ji)容量大幅(fu)度增加(jia),僅靠西北區域電(dian)網(wang)是難以滿足(zu)調峰能(neng)(neng)力(li)、電(dian)力(li)消納等方面的(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu),必須爭(zheng)取(qu)實(shi)行跨地(di)區在全(quan)國(guo)范(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)的(de)(de)資源(yuan)優化配置(zhi),提(ti)出切實(shi)可行的(de)(de)電(dian)力(li)外(wai)送輸電(dian)規(gui)劃。
建立(li)標準、規范(fan)管(guan)理(li),促進風(feng)電(dian)有序發(fa)展(zhan)。為了適應風(feng)電(dian)快速發(fa)展(zhan)的要求,必須建立(li)適合大規模風(feng)電(dian)發(fa)展(zhan)需要的技(ji)術標準和管(guan)理(li)規范(fan);加強風(feng)電(dian)場(chang)接入系(xi)統管(guan)理(li),統一(yi)風(feng)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)技(ji)術標準和風(feng)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)性能試驗(yan)標準,全面提高風(feng)電(dian)運(yun)行(xing)管(guan)理(li)水平。
加強研究(jiu)、攻堅克難,促(cu)進風電(dian)科(ke)學發展(zhan)(zhan)。利用(yong)酒泉(quan)風電(dian)場規模大(da)、風電(dian)機(ji)組種類齊(qi)全的(de)特點,建(jian)立科(ke)學準確的(de)甘肅(su)風電(dian)場數(shu)學模型(xing),與國內(nei)外高水平研究(jiu)機(ji)構、大(da)學廣泛合作,加快酒泉(quan)風電(dian)有(you)關的(de)關鍵技術問(wen)題的(de)研究(jiu),促(cu)進風電(dian)健康、科(ke)學發展(zhan)(zhan)。