武(wu)功古城(cheng)座(zuo)落在在漆水(shui)河、漠峪河、湋河三水(shui)匯合之處,孕育(yu)了中(zhong)華民族的祖先炎帝和黃(huang)帝。古人云:“未看山時先看水(shui),有山無水(shui)休(xiu)尋地(di)。水(shui)是地(di)的血氣,得水(shui)為尚。”漆水(shui)逶迤,繞城(cheng)而(er)過,小橋流水(shui),盡收眼底:中(zhong)亭(ting)川橫(heng)貫南北,一馬(ma)平(ping)川,村野(ye)棋布,禾(he)黍(shu)滿(man)園(yuan)。古絲路連接東西,髙岸為陵,斷崖如山,莽原(yuan)起伏,草樹煙(yan)嵐(lan)。
古(gu)人(ren)曾道:“三峰遠映嵐光合,二水(shui)分流(liu)城市連”。這(zhe)五千年的歷史古(gu)城,負載著風雨蒼桑,書寫著人(ren)文傳奇。九街十八巷,屋舍儼然。正(zheng)街如(ru)(ru)線,店(dian)鋪(pu)連連,小巷彎彎,蛇折(zhe)龍蟠。若逢古(gu)會,人(ren)流(liu)如(ru)(ru)織,熙攘不絕……
在2020年12月22日召開的2020美麗(li)鄉(xiang)村(cun)博鰲(ao)國際峰會“最(zui)美發布(bu)暨美麗(li)鄉(xiang)村(cun)國際品牌盛典”中,武功古城榮(rong)膺《2020年度全國百佳旅游目的地》稱號。
武功古(gu)城(cheng)歷史悠久,城(cheng)區設(she)置(zhi)嚴整,共(gong)有(you)九(jiu)街(jie)(jie)(jie)十八巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。由(you)東(dong)門(men)(men)向西(xi)(xi)(xi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)什(shen)字(zi)(zi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)東(dong)街(jie)(jie)(jie);又(you)西(xi)(xi)(xi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小什(shen)字(zi)(zi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)學前街(jie)(jie)(jie);又(you)西(xi)(xi)(xi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原麓南(nan)折出望月門(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)西(xi)(xi)(xi)街(jie)(jie)(jie);由(you)大(da)什(shen)字(zi)(zi)南(nan)出集賢門(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)南(nan)街(jie)(jie)(jie);北(bei)出迎仙(xian)門(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)小北(bei)街(jie)(jie)(jie);由(you)小什(shen)字(zi)(zi)北(bei)出來(lai)鳳(feng)門(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)大(da)北(bei)街(jie)(jie)(jie);南(nan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)宣(xuan)化街(jie)(jie)(jie)。宣(xuan)化街(jie)(jie)(jie)南(nan)端東(dong)折通(tong)南(nan)街(jie)(jie)(jie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)南(nan)司巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(現稱(cheng)蔣家巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang));西(xi)(xi)(xi)折至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原麓名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)樂(le)妓(ji)巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(現稱(cheng)月菊巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang))。由(you)東(dong)街(jie)(jie)(jie)中(zhong)段(duan)(duan)南(nan)折名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)后(hou)街(jie)(jie)(jie);后(hou)街(jie)(jie)(jie)西(xi)(xi)(xi)折有(you)兩巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)南(nan)街(jie)(jie)(jie),北(bei)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)馬道巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),南(nan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)草(cao)場巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);東(dong)街(jie)(jie)(jie)中(zhong)段(duan)(duan)北(bei)折名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)當(dang)鋪巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);南(nan)街(jie)(jie)(jie)中(zhong)段(duan)(duan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)折通(tong)宣(xuan)化街(jie)(jie)(jie),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)三鑒(jian)巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);宣(xuan)化街(jie)(jie)(jie)中(zhong)段(duan)(duan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)折通(tong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)街(jie)(jie)(jie),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)韓家巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang);十字(zi)(zi)路南(nan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)綠野村,名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)南(nan)關(guan)巷(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。出來(lai)鳳(feng)門(men)(men)北(bei)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徐楊堡,名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)北(bei)關(guan)街(jie)(jie)(jie);東(dong)折至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)迎仙(xian)門(men)(men),名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)中(zhong)心街(jie)(jie)(jie)。
武功古城共有文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)旅游(you)景點20多處(chu)(chu),“武功八(ba)景”都集中于此,悠久的(de)歷(li)(li)史、深(shen)厚的(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)蘊(yun),促成了武功古城璀璨文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)人文(wen)(wen)(wen)景觀。中華(hua)農(nong)耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)始祖后稷(ji)教民(min)稼穡的(de)教稼臺(tai),愛(ai)國典范、民(min)族(zu)英雄(xiong)蘇武紀念館,風格獨特的(de)都城隍廟(miao)(miao),唐太宗李世(shi)民(min)報(bao)答母親養育(yu)之(zhi)恩(en)的(de)報(bao)本寺(si)(si)塔,雄(xiong)偉(wei)森嚴的(de)上閣寺(si)(si),圣母姜(jiang)嫄墓,先周(zhou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化的(de)發祥(xiang)地鄭尚坡(po)遺址,雄(xiong)居關(guan)中西(xi)部之(zhi)首(shou)的(de)武功關(guan)帝(di)財(cai)神廟(miao)(miao),張載講(jiang)學處(chu)(chu)的(de)小(xiao)華(hua)山。還有二水寺(si)(si)、客山寺(si)(si)、隋煬帝(di)墓、康海墓、將軍臺(tai)、趙家崖遺址、滸西(xi)莊遺址、東橋遺址、龍(long)王廟(miao)(miao)、東岳(yue)廟(miao)(miao)等多處(chu)(chu)歷(li)(li)史文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)景點。還有漆水河(he)濕地公園、姜(jiang)嫄水鄉、美(mei)陽關(guan)、后稷(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化廣場、音樂噴泉、游(you)船碼頭、東西(xi)兩塬景觀帶、尚林(lin)苑花(hua)海、漆水河(he)、游(you)船碼頭等文(wen)(wen)(wen)化旅游(you)項目(mu)。
武(wu)功(gong)古城已(yi)有1400余年的(de)(de)歷(li)史,背(bei)山面(mian)水,置(zhi)于臺地之上(shang)。幾(ji)萬人的(de)(de)縣城一不缺(que)水吃(chi),二(er)不遭(zao)水災,無水患之虞。冬天(tian)可(ke)(ke)遮擋寒冷的(de)(de)氣流(liu),春天(tian)可(ke)(ke)迎(ying)納和暖的(de)(de)春風。三條河流(liu)都(dou)可(ke)(ke)作天(tian)然的(de)(de)沐浴場,一年四(si)(si)季(ji)均能享(xiang)受優越舒適(shi)的(de)(de)環境(jing)。城外天(tian)然自(zi)成配有“四(si)(si)神”,前朱雀(陂地)、后玄武(wu)(祖山)、左(zuo)青(qing)龍(河流(liu))、右白虎(長(chang)道(dao))。城內(nei)按照地形(xing)規劃為“九街(jie)(jie)十八(ba)巷”,設(she)置(zhi)有“四(si)(si)差”:南門(men)向(xiang)西開(kai),西門(men)向(xiang)南開(kai),大十字對小北(bei)街(jie)(jie),小十字對大北(bei)街(jie)(jie)。
城(cheng)垣(yuan)整體(ti)似(si)金龜(gui),東(dong)門外教稼臺(tai)俗稱龜(gui)頭(tou),臺(tai)兩(liang)側(ce)原各有水(shui)(shui)(shui)池(chi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)方,俗稱龜(gui)眼(yan)。西城(cheng)墻根中段(duan)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)方凹地(di),俗稱龜(gui)尾,后(hou)街馬王(wang)廟后(hou)有深2丈多、廣40丈的(de)(de)土壕,俗稱龜(gui)心。三(san)鑒巷徐姓宅內有隙地(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)方,寸(cun)草不生(sheng),俗稱龜(gui)膽。南(nan)、北四城(cheng)門,則是龜(gui)足(zu)。龜(gui)頭(tou)向(xiang)著漆水(shui)(shui)(shui)河,把金龜(gui)塑造得前爬(pa)后(hou)蹬,生(sheng)動(dong)傳(chuan)神,從(cong)東(dong)塬(yuan)邊(bian)憑眺,活像一(yi)(yi)(yi)只下(xia)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)神龜(gui),緩緩地(di)爬(pa)向(xiang)漆水(shui)(shui)(shui)河邊(bian)戲水(shui)(shui)(shui)。故曰:“金龜(gui)戲水(shui)(shui)(shui)”。龜(gui)的(de)(de)壽命最長,古人(ren)以(yi)(yi)龜(gui)甲卜問吉兇,列侯的(de)(de)金印上(shang)鑄(zhu)“龜(gui)鈕”以(yi)(yi)示(shi)地(di)位(wei)的(de)(de)顯赫。古城(cheng)東(dong)西崖巒高(gao)峭(qiao),漆水(shui)(shui)(shui)東(dong)繞,稷(ji)山(shan)(shan)鎮后(hou);香山(shan)(shan)左輔,華(hua)山(shan)(shan)右弼(bi);梁山(shan)(shan)九華(hua),隔水(shui)(shui)(shui)對(dui)景;客山(shan)(shan)遠(yuan)朝,內斂聚氣。康海(hai)《武(wu)功縣志(zhi)》稱舊縣城(cheng)的(de)(de)地(di)形為:“平(ping)原控其東(dong),鳳岡冀其西,長川帶其北,終南(nan)、太白揖其南(nan),蓋古形勝之(zhi)區(qu),強武(wu)之(zhi)國也。”這也從(cong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個側(ce)面說明武(wu)功古城(cheng)地(di)理位(wei)置之(zhi)險(xian)要。
武功古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)位于(yu)縣境西(xi)北(bei)(bei)部,始(shi)建(jian)于(yu)北(bei)(bei)周武帝建(jian)德三年(nian)(574),為土筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng),西(xi)靠稷山,東臨漆水(shui)。元末(mo)張(zhang)良弼(bi)、李(li)思齊(qi)首次增筑(zhu)。明洪武九年(nian)(1376),都(dou)督(du)耿忠(zhong)奉詔屯戌于(yu)此,再資增筑(zhu)。城(cheng)(cheng)周長3里220步,外有(you)深2.7米的(de)(de)護城(cheng)(cheng)溝(gou)。有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)5個:東門(men)(men)(men)名(ming)(ming)“觀瀾(lan)”;南門(men)(men)(men)兩個,東名(ming)(ming)“集(ji)賢”,西(xi)名(ming)(ming)“望月”;北(bei)(bei)門(men)(men)(men)兩個,東名(ming)(ming)“迎仙(xian)”,西(xi)名(ming)(ming)“來鳳(feng)”;城(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)緊靠稷山,無門(men)(men)(men)。清(qing)康熙二十五(wu)年(nian)(1686),知(zhi)縣徐奇桂重修(xiu),增筑(zhu)各門(men)(men)(men)磚樓。乾隆十八年(nian)(1735),知(zhi)縣龔師(shi)勝大(da)修(xiu)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)。嘉慶十三年(nian)(1808),知(zhi)縣張(zhang)樹勛(xun)在進行整(zheng)修(xiu)時,為緬懷圣(sheng)哲(zhe)先賢的(de)(de)豐功偉績和歌頌(song)縣城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)勝跡美景,專為城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)題刻(ke)門(men)(men)(men)額(e)(e)(e)(e):東門(men)(men)(men)外額(e)(e)(e)(e)“思文古(gu)治”,內(nei)額(e)(e)(e)(e)“麟閣勛(xun)名(ming)(ming)”;南集(ji)賢門(men)(men)(men)外額(e)(e)(e)(e)“綠野(ye)春(chun)云”,內(nei)額(e)(e)(e)(e)“龍圖(tu)經(jing)濟”。望月門(men)(men)(men)外額(e)(e)(e)(e)“雍原秋室(shi)”,內(nei)額(e)(e)(e)(e)“許國文章(zhang)”;北(bei)(bei)來鳳(feng)門(men)(men)(men)外額(e)(e)(e)(e)“鳳(feng)崗晚(wan)翠”,內(nei)額(e)(e)(e)(e)“虎觀淹垓”;迎仙(xian)門(men)(men)(men)外額(e)(e)(e)(e)“二水(shui)朝(chao)霞”,內(nei)額(e)(e)(e)(e)“璇璣錦(jin)繡”。咸豐末(mo)年(nian)至光緒(xu)年(nian)間,知(zhi)縣張(zhang)宗睿、鄭慶崧、陳子楷、陳爾茀(fu)、張(zhang)世英等也(ye)先后進行過修(xiu)葺(qi),力圖(tu)恢(hui)復古(gu)貌。
2021年10月“黃金周”,武功縣(xian)文物旅游(you)(you)(you)中心發(fa)布武功古城國(guo)慶假期共接待游(you)(you)(you)客6.817萬人次(ci),實現旅游(you)(you)(you)收(shou)入3433.4萬元。與往年相(xiang)比,旅游(you)(you)(you)人數(shu)同(tong)期增長5.98%。