大(da)溪文(wen)化分布(bu)于長江中(zhong)游(you)西段的兩岸地區(qu),處于新石器(qi)(qi)時代中(zhong)期,距今“6000-5000年。玉(yu)器(qi)(qi)主要(yao)出土(tu)(tu)于四川(chuan)巫(wu)山縣大(da)溪遺(yi)址和湖(hu)北(bei)松滋縣桂(gui)花樹的大(da)溪文(wen)化墓地。出土(tu)(tu)的玉(yu)器(qi)(qi)形體(ti)較小,器(qi)(qi)類有塊、璜(huang)、璧、環、墜等,均為扁乎狀(zhuang),其中(zhong)以塊、璜(huang)的數量為最多(duo)。
大溪(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)器(qi)塊的(de)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)不十分規整。出(chu)土于(yu)人的(de)頭(tou)骨兩側(ce)。璜的(de)數(shu)量較多,主要(yao)有弧形(xing)(xing)`橋形(xing)(xing)和(he)半(ban)璧形(xing)(xing)三種。璜的(de)兩端有穿孔,半(ban)璧形(xing)(xing)璜外(wai)緣刻成連續鋸齒(chi)狀(zhuang),其裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)手法是大溪(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)器(qi)獨具(ju)特色的(de)工藝。大溪(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)器(qi)主要(yao)用作(zuo)(zuo)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),有耳(er)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、項飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)臂飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等。耳(er)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為塊和(he)墜,璜和(he)璧作(zuo)(zuo)項飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),懸(xuan)掛于(yu)頸上或胸前,臂飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主要(yao)是環。大溪(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)器(qi)的(de)意義在(zai)于(yu)它與(yu)(yu)長(chang)江(jiang)中下游(you)地(di)區的(de)原始(shi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)器(qi)非常相(xiang)似(si),例(li)如(ru)大溪(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)弧形(xing)(xing)璜與(yu)(yu)薛(xue)家崗文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、橋形(xing)(xing)璜與(yu)(yu)崧澤(ze)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、半(ban)璧形(xing)(xing)璜與(yu)(yu)良渚(zhu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)等同類器(qi)物形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)很接近。這(zhe)為研究史前各文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)間玉(yu)器(qi)風格的(de)影響、長(chang)江(jiang)中下游(you)地(di)區玉(yu)器(qi)的(de)共同性(xing)和(he)特殊性(xing)以及太溪(xi)(xi)(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)器(qi)的(de)淵源提供了實物資料。