大(da)溪文化(hua)分布于長(chang)江中(zhong)游西段的(de)兩(liang)岸地區,處于新石器時(shi)代中(zhong)期,距今(jin)“6000-5000年。玉(yu)器主要出(chu)土(tu)于四川巫(wu)山(shan)縣大(da)溪遺址(zhi)和(he)湖北松滋縣桂花樹的(de)大(da)溪文化(hua)墓地。出(chu)土(tu)的(de)玉(yu)器形(xing)體較小,器類有塊、璜(huang)、璧、環(huan)、墜等,均為扁乎(hu)狀,其(qi)中(zhong)以(yi)塊、璜(huang)的(de)數量(liang)為最(zui)多。
大溪(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)(yu)器塊的形(xing)狀(zhuang)不十分(fen)規整。出土(tu)于人的頭骨(gu)兩側(ce)。璜(huang)(huang)的數(shu)量較多,主(zhu)要有弧形(xing)`橋(qiao)形(xing)和半(ban)璧(bi)形(xing)三種。璜(huang)(huang)的兩端有穿(chuan)孔,半(ban)璧(bi)形(xing)璜(huang)(huang)外緣刻(ke)成連(lian)續鋸齒狀(zhuang),其裝飾手法是大溪(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)(yu)器獨具特色的工藝。大溪(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)(yu)器主(zhu)要用(yong)作裝飾,有耳飾、項飾和臂(bei)飾等。耳飾為塊和墜,璜(huang)(huang)和璧(bi)作項飾,懸掛于頸上(shang)或胸前(qian),臂(bei)飾主(zhu)要是環。大溪(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)(yu)器的意義(yi)在于它與(yu)(yu)長江中下游地(di)(di)區的原始文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)(yu)器非常相似,例如大溪(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的弧形(xing)璜(huang)(huang)與(yu)(yu)薛(xue)家崗文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、橋(qiao)形(xing)璜(huang)(huang)與(yu)(yu)崧(song)澤(ze)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、半(ban)璧(bi)形(xing)璜(huang)(huang)與(yu)(yu)良渚文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)等同(tong)類器物(wu)形(xing)狀(zhuang)很接(jie)近。這為研究史前(qian)各文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)間玉(yu)(yu)器風格的影響、長江中下游地(di)(di)區玉(yu)(yu)器的共(gong)同(tong)性和特殊(shu)性以(yi)及太溪(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉(yu)(yu)器的淵(yuan)源提(ti)供了實物(wu)資料。