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基本介紹

龍(long)睛金魚指的是脊椎動物(wu)門的一(yi)種(zhong)魚類，其(qi)一(yi)般(ban)體(ti)長15～20厘米。體(ti)側扁而高，體(ti)較厚，腹部圓。一(yi)般(ban)體(ti)背面(mian)灰黑色(se)，腹面(mian)銀灰色(se)，各鰭(qi)條灰白(bai)色(se)。因生(sheng)長水(shui)(shui)域不(bu)同，體(ti)色(se)深(shen)淺有差(cha)異(yi)。喜棲于水(shui)(shui)草(cao)叢(cong)生(sheng)的淺水(shui)(shui)河灣與湖(hu)泊沿岸水(shui)(shui)域，生(sheng)命力較強，甚至在(zai)低氧(yang)、堿(jian)性較大(da)的不(bu)良(liang)水(shui)(shui)體(ti)中(zhong)也能生(sheng)長繁殖。

常見種類

龍(long)(long)(long)眼金魚依體色可分為紅(hong)龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、墨龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、藍(lan)龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、紫龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、紅(hong)白(bai)花龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、五(wu)花龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、白(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、朱砂眼龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、紫藍(lan)花龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、喜鵲(que)花龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、紅(hong)頭花龍(long)(long)(long)晴(qing)等品(pin)系。其變異的(de)(de)品(pin)種有紅(hong)龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)球、墨龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)球、紫龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)球、藍(lan)龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)球、五(wu)花龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)球、四球龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)、紅(hong)頭龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)以及各色的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)翻(fan)鰓、龍(long)(long)(long)睛(jing)(jing)(jing)球翻(fan)鰓帽子等。

龍睛金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)。即雙眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)向兩側橫(heng)向凸(tu)出(chu)的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)，屠隆在(zai)《金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)品》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)記載了明代已有(you)(you)此種(zhong)變(bian)異，而且當時人(ren)們還以(yi)(yi)“眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)貴于紅(hong)凸(tu)”的(de)魚(yu)品為(wei)尚。在(zai)以(yi)(yi)后有(you)(you)關(guan)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)的(de)著作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，人(ren)們將(jiang)“眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)若銅鈴”的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)視為(wei)佳種(zhong)，《金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)飼(si)育法》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)將(jiang)“身粗而勻，尾大而正(zheng)，睛齊而稱，體(ti)正(zheng)而圓(yuan)，口團而闊。于水中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)起落游動穩(wen)重平正(zheng)，無俯仰奔竄之狀”作(zuo)為(wei)龍睛金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)鑒賞之標(biao)準(zhun)。又說“龍睛魚(yu)，此種(zhong)黑(hei)如墨(mo)，至尺余不(bu)變(bian)色(se)者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)上，謂(wei)(wei)之墨(mo)龍睛。又有(you)(you)純(chun)白、純(chun)紅(hong)、純(chun)翠者(zhe)(zhe)，有(you)(you)大片紅(hong)花者(zhe)(zhe)、細碎紅(hong)點者(zhe)(zhe)、虎皮者(zhe)(zhe)、紅(hong)白翠黑(hei)雜花者(zhe)(zhe)，變(bian)幻(huan)多種(zhong)，不(bu)能細述。文(wen)(wen)人(ren)每(mei)就其花色(se)名之。”根據古人(ren)的(de)“看法”，各(ge)色(se)龍睛金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)可謂(wei)(wei)琳(lin)瑯滿目，金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)文(wen)(wen)化藝(yi)術欣賞有(you)(you)紅(hong)龍、白龍、黑(hei)龍、花龍、藍(lan)龍、紫龍，有(you)(you)朱砂眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、銀(yin)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)銀(yin)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、有(you)(you)水晶眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、瑪瑙眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、琥珀眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、燈籠(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，有(you)(you)墨(mo)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、雪眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、紫眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等等。

至(zhi)晚清，人們又(you)將龍睛金(jin)魚中眼睛向上翻轉的培育成為(wei)朝(chao)天(tian)龍金(jin)魚，還將背鰭退化的培育成為(wei)蛋(dan)種龍睛金(jin)魚

形態及特征

龍(long)睛(jing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)又稱(cheng)龍(long)種(zhong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)或龍(long)睛(jing)。是(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)家族中的代表種(zhong)，也(ye)是(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)家族中的主要觀賞品種(zhong)，被視為金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)種(zhong)群(qun)之正宗，譽(yu)為金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)的總(zong)代表種(zhong)。其主要特(te)征(zheng)是(shi)體軀(qu)短粗，頭平而寬，尾鰭(qi)發達分為4葉，背鰭(qi)高聳，胸鰭(qi)略呈三(san)角形，鱗片圓而且大。眼(yan)球突出眼(yan)眶之外，甚似(si)龍(long)眼(yan)，故又名龍(long)睛(jing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)魚(yu)。

龍(long)睛(jing)金魚(yu)的(de)(de)變異(yi)品種(zhong)非常多(duo)，有(you)的(de)(de)很珍貴。比如(ru)(ru)通體鳥黑,有(you)黑牡(mu)丹(dan)、混(hun)江龍(long)之稱的(de)(de)“墨龍(long)睛(jing)”。尾(wei)鰭變異(yi)為蝶形(xing)、游動如(ru)(ru)蝴蝶飛(fei)舞的(de)(de)墨蝶尾(wei)”。周(zhou)身12處呈(cheng)紅色的(de)(de)“十二紅龍(long)睛(jing)”。黑白斑紋酷似喜鵲(que)的(de)(de)喜鵲(que)花(hua)龍(long)睛(jing)”和外形(xing)與熊(xiong)貓相似的(de)(de)“熊(xiong)貓金魚(yu)”等

生活習性

為廣適性魚類，無(wu)論在(zai)深水(shui)、淺(qian)水(shui)、清水(shui)、濁水(shui)、流(liu)水(shui)、靜(jing)水(shui) 大水(shui)體和小水(shui)體中均可生(sheng)活。