明代(dai)的花(hua)馬(ma)池(chi)(chi)(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)曾修筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)了三(san)次,第一次是(shi)正統元年(nian)(nian)(1436年(nian)(nian)),寧夏總(zong)兵官史昭奏(zou)(zou)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),因(yin)城(cheng)(cheng)在花(hua)馬(ma)池(chi)(chi)(chi)鹽(yan)湖旁,故名為(wei)花(hua)馬(ma)池(chi)(chi)(chi)營。遺址(zhi)在今北大(da)池(chi)(chi)(chi)東(dong)(dong)北角(jiao),呈正方形,邊(bian)長(chang)370米,門東(dong)(dong)開帶甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)。第二次是(shi)在天順年(nian)(nian)間(1457-1464年(nian)(nian)),“以(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)在花(hua)馬(ma)鹽(yan)池(chi)(chi)(chi)北,孤(gu)懸寡援(yuan)”為(wei)由(you),改筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)花(hua)馬(ma)池(chi)(chi)(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(即今鹽(yan)池(chi)(chi)(chi)縣城(cheng)(cheng))。第三(san)次是(shi)正德元年(nian)(nian)(1506年(nian)(nian))一月,楊一清(qing)總(zong)制延(yan)綏、寧夏、甘(gan)肅、陜西(xi)邊(bian)務(wu),奏(zou)(zou)請修復自(zi)橫城(cheng)(cheng)至(zhi)花(hua)馬(ma)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的河(he)東(dong)(dong)墻,明武宗準(zhun)其奏(zou)(zou),由(you)西(xi)向東(dong)(dong)而筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),只(zhi)修30里,因(yin)飲(yin)水(shui)飲(yin)食困(kun)難,疾病流行(xing),役夫發生嘩變。楊一清(qing)知(zhi)人心難犯(fan),下令(ling)停筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),許之(zhi)以(yi)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)完(wan)花(hua)馬(ma)池(chi)(chi)(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)即放散(san)。5天筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)完(wan)花(hua)馬(ma)池(chi)(chi)(chi)城(cheng)(cheng),民(min)夫遣散(san)。
花馬池城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻高三丈五(wu)尺,周回七里三分。池深一丈五(wu)尺,闊二丈。東、北(bei)二門,上有樓。東甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門南開(kai)名永寧,南甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門東開(kai)名廣惠,北(bei)甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門東開(kai)名威勝。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以鼓(gu)樓為中軸(zhou),分東西、南北(bei)兩條主(zhu)要街道。萬歷八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1580年(nian)(nian)(nian))巡撫(fu)蕭大亨甃(zhou)以磚石(shi)。清乾隆六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元1741年(nian)(nian)(nian))曾有修葺(qi)。
明正統九年(nian)(nian)(1444)置(zhi)(zhi)哨馬(ma)營,弘治六年(nian)(nian)(1493)巡撫、都御史韓文奏置(zhi)(zhi)花馬(ma)池(chi)守御千戶所。正德二年(nian)(nian)(1507),三邊總制、左都御史楊一清奏改(gai)花馬(ma)池(chi)千戶所為寧夏(xia)后衛(wei)。天啟七年(nian)(nian)二月(yue)丙辰(1627年(nian)(nian)4月(yue)4日),兵部批復將花馬(ma)池(chi)改(gai)為鎮。
康熙三(san)十六年(nian)(1697)二(er)月(yue),康熙帝親征噶爾(er)丹(dan)。二(er)月(yue)二(er)十日駐蹕(bi)花(hua)馬池城(cheng),在(zai)城(cheng)內文廟題寫了“萬(wan)世師表”匾額(e)。雍正三(san)年(nian)(1725)改置花(hua)馬池分(fen)州,隸靈(ling)州。1913年(nian)置鹽池縣。
2014年后,鹽池(chi)(chi)縣(xian)委、政府(fu)結合遺址保護,多次組織對花馬池(chi)(chi)城墻進行修(xiu)茸,恢復(fu)修(xiu)建了甕(weng)城、魁星樓(lou)、城樓(lou)、箭樓(lou)、角(jiao)樓(lou)等。
花馬(ma)池東甕城(cheng)于天順年(nian)(nian)間(1457-1464年(nian)(nian))建(jian),門南開名永寧,清謝王(wang)寵曾題寫(xie)“花馬(ma)池”三(san)字,非斜視不能辨認,取其“并足而立,側(ce)目而視”之意。于20世紀60年(nian)(nian)代末頹圮。2014年(nian)(nian)動工修復(fu)。甕城(cheng)內建(jian)觀音(yin)閣,甕城(cheng)上(shang)建(jian)東門樓(lou)(lou)、箭樓(lou)(lou)、南北魁星樓(lou)(lou)。均為歇山式屋(wu)頂的二層建(jian)筑(zhu)物,斗拱交錯,雕梁畫棟,朱漆艷麗。
花馬池南甕城(cheng)于(yu)萬歷三(san)年(nian)(1575)筑(zhu),門(men)東開(kai),名廣惠。甕城(cheng)上建有城(cheng)門(men)樓,二層,磚木結構(gou),內塑李太白(bai)像。后(hou)門(men)樓坍塌,塑像被毀(hui)。南甕城(cheng)于(yu)20世紀60年(nian)代頹圮(pi),2014年(nian)修復,門(men)南開(kai)。
長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)(guan)坐落在鹽(yan)池縣城(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)門六十步(bu)之(zhi)外(wai)(wai)的深(shen)溝(gou)高壘之(zhi)上。嘉靖(jing)九年(1530),寧夏副使齊之(zhi)鸞(luan)根據(ju)兵(bing)部(bu)尚(shang)書、三邊總制王瓊的授意修筑(zhu)而成,《嘉靖(jing)寧夏新(xin)志》載:“花馬池營東(dong)者,為喉噤總要,則題(ti)曰‘長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)(guan)’。高臺層樓,雕革虎視,憑欄遠眺(tiao),朔方形勢,畢呈(cheng)于(yu)下(xia)(xia)”。長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)(guan)上建有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)樓,高聳雄(xiong)壯。上書“深(shen)溝(gou)高壘”“朔方天(tian)塹”“北(bei)門鎖鑰”“防(fang)胡大塹”等(deng)字。下(xia)(xia)設暗門,門外(wai)(wai)設市場,漢蒙(meng)每月交易3次。長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)(guan)是明(ming)萬里長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)二百多(duo)座(zuo)雄(xiong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)中唯一(yi)以(yi)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)命名的關(guan)(guan)(guan)隘。設守(shou)備監守(shou)營兵(bing)防(fang)守(shou)。今長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)(guan)建筑(zhu)已毀,僅(jin)存高大的墩臺。2016年,在長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)公園北(bei)新(xin)建長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)(guan)。
九曲(黃河龍門(men)陣)民(min)俗文化(hua)園(yuan)位于鹽(yan)池縣城西(xi)北長城關北側,屬于鹽(yan)池縣市民(min)森林休(xiu)閑(xian)公園(yuan)民(min)俗文化(hua)園(yuan)建設項目,始建于2018年。
九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu),全(quan)稱九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)黃河燈陣,也叫九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)黃河龍門陣,俗(su)稱轉(zhuan)九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu),是黃河流域元宵節民間游藝活動的(de)一種群體(ti)活動形式(shi)。九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)乃曲(qu)曲(qu)折折之意(yi),原意(yi)指(zhi)黃河河道之曲(qu)折,其寓意(yi)是人生就是一條(tiao)小溪,千回百折,九(jiu)(jiu)九(jiu)(jiu)歸一。轉(zhuan)完九(jiu)(jiu)曲(qu)意(yi)味著一年將消除災劫,平平安(an)安(an)。
黃河龍(long)(long)門(men)(men)陣(zhen)(zhen)民俗(su)文(wen)(wen)化園(yuan)占地(di)面積(ji)12723.84平米(mi)(19.09畝),分為(wei)(wei)七星柱、烽(feng)火(huo)(huo)臺(tai)(tai)、九(jiu)曲(qu)陣(zhen)(zhen)、牌坊宮(gong)(gong)門(men)(men)和影壁(bi)及燈桿雕塑(su)以及外(wai)圍附屬工程五個(ge)部(bu)分。九(jiu)曲(qu)龍(long)(long)門(men)(men)長22.6米(mi),高(gao)13.11米(mi);七星柱直徑為(wei)(wei)3.9米(mi),高(gao)度(du)24.5米(mi);烽(feng)火(huo)(huo)臺(tai)(tai)高(gao)度(du)為(wei)(wei)9.37米(mi)。九(jiu)個(ge)小宮(gong)(gong)平面鋪開,形成九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)八卦(gua)的(de)布局。九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)的(de)四正宮(gong)(gong)、四偏(pian)宮(gong)(gong)各(ge)按(an)方(fang)位設色(se),按(an)卦(gua)像取義(yi),按(an)精靈(ling)取紋,中宮(gong)(gong)屬于土(tu)色(se)黃,覆蓋于吉樣塔土(tu)臺(tai)(tai)之下(xia),并(bing)以小門(men)(men)洞與(yu)各(ge)宮(gong)(gong)相連,讓游人了解八卦(gua)之形、義(yi)、色(se)、像和精。在九(jiu)曲(qu)的(de)四個(ge)角設置暸望烽(feng)火(huo)(huo)臺(tai)(tai),體現雄(xiong)壯(zhuang)的(de)大(da)漠邊(bian)關文(wen)(wen)化。九(jiu)曲(qu)之外(wai)的(de)環形水(shui)渠和跨(kua)水(shui)橋梁,喻天圓地(di)方(fang)之意(yi)。九(jiu)曲(qu)(黃河龍(long)(long)門(men)(men)陣(zhen)(zhen))民俗(su)文(wen)(wen)化園(yuan)把古老(lao)的(de)黃河文(wen)(wen)明、濃郁的(de)絲路風情(qing)、悠(you)久的(de)邊(bian)塞文(wen)(wen)化、獨(du)特的(de)民俗(su)風情(qing)凝聚、幻化為(wei)(wei)絢麗的(de)彩(cai)虹,展現在寧夏的(de)東大(da)門(men)(men),成為(wei)(wei)鹽池(chi)的(de)響亮名片。
寧夏長城(cheng)博物館是展示中國(guo)長城(cheng)文化(hua)的博物館,布展面積3400平(ping)米,2018年實施。
寧夏(xia)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)博(bo)物館分西大(da)(da)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)和東(dong)(dong)大(da)(da)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)。西大(da)(da)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)(guo)歷代長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文化(hua)展(zhan)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting),東(dong)(dong)大(da)(da)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)花馬池明長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文化(hua)展(zhan)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)。西大(da)(da)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)分為(wei)(wei)三部分:萬里長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)萬古(gu)雄風;城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)彼朔方控扼(e)塞上;不到長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)非(fei)好漢(han)。較為(wei)(wei)系統(tong)地展(zhan)示了(le)春秋戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、秦始(shi)皇時期(qi)的防胡(hu)大(da)(da)塹,絲路雄關—西漢(han)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),北魏、北齊(qi)、北周(zhou)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),隋(sui)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),遼(liao)金長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)及長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)著名關隘勝跡、長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及其(qi)附屬設施、長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)武(wu)備(bei)、長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文化(hua)等內(nei)容,其(qi)主(zhu)題為(wei)(wei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是中華民(min)族燦爛文化(hua)的驕傲。東(dong)(dong)大(da)(da)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)較為(wei)(wei)全(quan)面的展(zhan)陳(chen)了(le)花馬池長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡、墩臺(tai)、戰(zhan)臺(tai)等軍(jun)事防御體系構筑(zhu)的背景、分布、建筑(zhu)狀況以(yi)(yi)及戰(zhan)事和駐守將領。
長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)關、烽(feng)火臺、城(cheng)堡等古代(dai)軍事設施(shi)見證了金(jin)戈(ge)鐵(tie)馬、刀光劍影,銘刻著太多的(de)(de)時代(dai)變遷、王朝興衰,是一份極為寶貴的(de)(de)文(wen)化遺產。走進鹽池(chi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)關長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)博物館,再睹中(zhong)(zhong)國歷(li)代(dai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)和鹽池(chi)明長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)完備的(de)(de)軍事防(fang)御體系,重溫歷(li)史,長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)精神和民族夢(meng)想(xiang)當會永遠綿延在(zai)我(wo)們的(de)(de)心(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)。