宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(yǔ wén)為(wei)復姓(xing),炎帝(di)神農氏(shi)后(hou)裔。主(zhu)要來源中國遼東,為(wei)南(nan)單于之后(hou)。魏(wei)晉時,北方鮮(xian)卑族宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)部落,自稱(cheng)(cheng)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)姓(xing)。東晉時,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)進駐中原,稱(cheng)(cheng)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)國,以宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)為(wei)姓(xing),稱(cheng)(cheng)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)。
宇文(wen)(wen)姓早(zao)期活動(dong)在(zai)西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)地(di)區(qu),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝時期逐步南(nan)下(xia)內遷。唐代時,他們入地(di)為籍,遍及中原各地(di)。宋后宇文(wen)(wen)氏已不常見。如今在(zai)河北(bei)(bei)、陜西(xi)(xi)、山西(xi)(xi)、北(bei)(bei)京、浙江、四川(chuan)、臺灣等地(di)有少(shao)量分(fen)布。宇文(wen)(wen)姓人(ren)口(kou)排名第(di)551位,人(ren)口(kou)約(yue)2.1萬(wan)人(ren)。
來(lai)自(zi)匈奴(nu)族,出自(zi)魏(wei)、晉時(shi)期(qi)遼東匈奴(nu)南單于(yu)之后,屬于(yu)漢(han)化改姓為氏。
魏、晉兩朝(chao)(chao)時期(qi)(qi),北(bei)方鮮卑(bei)民族(zu)中(zhong)有(you)一(yi)宇文氏部落,原來是漢(han)朝(chao)(chao)時期(qi)(qi)南(nan)匈(xiong)奴的一(yi)個分支,在東漢(han)晚期(qi)(qi)至三國初期(qi)(qi)形成一(yi)個部落群(qun)體,族(zu)人(ren)自稱是炎帝神(shen)農氏的后裔。歷史上記(ji)載宇文部最早起源的是史籍《周書》,其中(zhong)稱宇文部源自神(shen)農氏,因此(ci)應當來源姜姓。
中(zhong)國的(de)(de)史學界一般認為(wei)(wei)(wei),宇文(wen)部(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)公元(yuan)1世(shi)紀(ji)時(shi)北(bei)匈(xiong)奴被東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢擊走西遷(qian)后,留(liu)在(zai)故(gu)地(di)漠北(bei)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)眾東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)遷(qian)與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)族人(ren)(ren)(ren)混居(ju)以后被同化的(de)(de)族群,在(zai)這段期間該部(bu)(bu)曾參(can)加鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)首(shou)領(ling)檀石(shi)槐的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)聯盟,首(shou)領(ling)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)大(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。因(yin)此,宇文(wen)部(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)源(yuan)自匈(xiong)奴而后揉(rou)合了鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)血統(tong)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)族。據史籍(ji)《后漢書(shu)》記載,東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢和(he)帝(di)年(nian)間,當時(shi)的(de)(de)大(da)將軍竇憲派右校(xiao)尉耿夔擊破北(bei)匈(xiong)奴,“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)因(yin)此轉徙據其(qi)(qi)地(di)。匈(xiong)奴余種(zhong)留(liu)者尚有十余萬(wan)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo),皆(jie)自號鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)。”在(zai)史籍(ji)《魏書(shu)》中(zhong)也(ye)(ye)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)宇文(wen)部(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)“匈(xiong)奴種(zhong),出于遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)塞外,其(qi)(qi)先(xian)南單于遠屬也(ye)(ye),世(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)大(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。其(qi)(qi)語與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)頗異。”按史書(shu)的(de)(de)記載:宇文(wen)氏(shi)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)領(ling)的(de)(de)祖(zu)先(xian)叫葛(ge)烏(wu)菟(tu),其(qi)(qi)先(xian)出自炎帝(di)神(shen)農(nong)氏(shi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)黃帝(di)所滅,子孫遁居(ju)朔野為(wei)(wei)(wei)匈(xiong)奴苗裔,實際(ji)上就是(shi)(shi)南匈(xiong)奴某個(ge)單于的(de)(de)庶支后裔。葛(ge)烏(wu)菟(tu)是(shi)(shi)公元(yuan)一世(shi)紀(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren),原(yuan)居(ju)陰山,是(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)宇文(wen)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)始(shi)祖(zu),東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢后期起其(qi)(qi)后裔子孫世(shi)襲(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)大(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。在(zai)史籍(ji)《周(zhou)(zhou)書(shu)·文(wen)帝(di)紀(ji)》中(zhong)記載:“葛(ge)烏(wu)菟(tu)雄武多算(suan)略,鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)慕之,奉以為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,遂為(wei)(wei)(wei)十二部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo),世(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。”葛(ge)烏(wu)菟(tu)之后曰普回(hui),普回(hui)有子宇文(wen)莫那(nei)(nei),約在(zai)公元(yuan)一世(shi)紀(ji)北(bei)匈(xiong)奴西遷(qian)時(shi),宇文(wen)莫那(nei)(nei)則自陰山率(lv)領(ling)下屬十二部(bu)(bu)南下遷(qian)至遼(liao)西地(di)區(qu),之后宇文(wen)莫那(nei)(nei)從附屬匈(xiong)奴的(de)(de)關(guan)系中(zhong)脫離(li)獨立,號稱“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)俟汾(fen)氏(shi)”。“俟汾(fen)”是(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)族語“天王(wang)”之意(yi)。俟汾(fen)部(bu)(bu)日漸強盛后,宇文(wen)莫那(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)慕僚建議改“天王(wang)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)姓,但為(wei)(wei)(wei)忌諱晉室,換“天王(wang)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)“宇文(wen)”,當時(shi)的(de)(de)宇文(wen)十二部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)中(zhong)已經蘊涵了后來(lai)的(de)(de)庫莫奚(xi)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)和(he)契丹(dan)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)。宇文(wen)莫那(nei)(nei)則被后來(lai)南北(bei)朝時(shi)期的(de)(de)北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)政權尊(zun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)獻侯(hou),并(bing)奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)皇(huang)室的(de)(de)始(shi)祖(zu)。
按史籍《周書(shu)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載(zai):葛烏菟(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)代(dai)普回襲任(ren)(ren)大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)職后(hou)(hou),他在(zai)(zai)(zai)打獵時在(zai)(zai)(zai)河(he)邊拾(shi)到一(yi)(yi)顆玉璽,上刻“皇帝璽”三字,大(da)(da)喜之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)自(zi)以(yi)為(wei)是(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)授神權(quan),當地人(ren)(ren)呼(hu)天(tian)(tian)為(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”,呼(hu)君(jun)為(wei)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)”,“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)”意即“天(tian)(tian)子”。于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi),這(zhe)位(wei)普回大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)便自(zi)己號稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏,而(er)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落就叫作(zuo)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。當然,后(hou)(hou)世史學家認為(wei)這(zhe)純粹是(shi)(shi)牽強附(fu)會之(zhi)(zhi)說。到了(le)東晉(jin)(jin)時期,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)進據中(zhong)原(yuan),號稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)國(guo)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫那之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)有(you)數代(dai)首(shou)(shou)領在(zai)(zai)(zai)史書(shu)中(zhong)沒有(you)任(ren)(ren)何記(ji)載(zai),一(yi)(yi)直到西晉(jin)(jin)時期以(yi)后(hou)(hou)才有(you)記(ji)事。在(zai)(zai)(zai)史籍《魏書(shu)》中(zhong),記(ji)載(zai)了(le)當時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習俗(su)“人(ren)(ren)皆(jie)剪發(fa)而(er)留其頂(ding)上,以(yi)為(wei)首(shou)(shou)飾,長(chang)過數寸(cun)則截短之(zhi)(zhi)。婦女披長(chang)襦及足(zu),而(er)無裳焉(yan)。”部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)有(you)髡發(fa)習俗(su),婦女是(shi)(shi)穿著(zhu)連身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)襖(ao),與漢族(zu)(zu)下(xia)身做(zuo)長(chang)裙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打扮大(da)(da)不同(tong)。另外,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)秋天(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候(hou)會去采收(shou)一(yi)(yi)種稱(cheng)作(zuo)“烏頭(tou)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)毒植物(wu)制成(cheng)毒藥,做(zuo)為(wei)射(she)獵禽獸之(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)。鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)族(zu)(zu)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)逐漸(jian)繁榮興(xing)盛,一(yi)(yi)直至東晉(jin)(jin)五胡十六(liu)國(guo)前期為(wei)止,特(te)別(bie)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)西晉(jin)(jin)以(yi)后(hou)(hou)較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)強盛之(zhi)(zhi)時,地點約在(zai)(zai)(zai)濡源(yuan)(今河(he)北灤河(he)上游)以(yi)東、柳城(今遼寧(ning)朝陽)以(yi)西一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣大(da)(da)地區,與同(tong)期存在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)、段部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)相同(tong),都屬于(yu)(yu)東部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個支系(xi)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)西晉(jin)(jin)時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)代(dai)首(shou)(shou)領與拓(tuo)跋部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)關系(xi)較(jiao)(jiao)佳,兩個部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)間(jian)時有(you)通婚。進入五胡十六(liu)國(guo)時期后(hou)(hou),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾依附(fu)勢(shi)力強大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)趙政權(quan)。但宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)卻是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)直存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)不斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爭斗,且連續有(you)數位(wei)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫珪、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)遜(xun)昵延(yan)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得(de)龜、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸都曾為(wei)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所敗,在(zai)(zai)(zai)東晉(jin)(jin)咸和(he)九(jiu)年或東晉(jin)(jin)咸康元年(公元344/345年)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)次決(jue)定性戰役中(zhong),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)終于(yu)(yu)被慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所建(jian)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前燕政權(quan)擊敗,部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾被慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)首(shou)(shou)領分散遷(qian)移,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)滅亡(wang)。
鮮卑(bei)宇(yu)文部的(de)(de)族人以(yi)及后來北(bei)周政權的(de)(de)皇(huang)族貴胄和一些臣子國(guo)民,都以(yi)“宇(yu)文“為(wei)姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),稱宇(yu)文氏(shi)(shi)(shi),后逐漸(jian)融入漢族,將宇(yu)文氏(shi)(shi)(shi)復姓(xing)也(ye)帶(dai)入漢族之中,后有省文簡(jian)改為(wei)單姓(xing)宇(yu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、文氏(shi)(shi)(shi)者,也(ye)有改單姓(xing)為(wei)尚氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、趙(zhao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、胡氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、李氏(shi)(shi)(shi)者,皆世代相傳至今。
來自嬴姓(xing),出自南北朝時期(qi)北周政權大臣趙(zhao)文(wen)表、趙(zhao)昶之后,屬于(yu)帝王賜改姓(xing)為氏。
南(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)時期,有北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)大都督(du)趙(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)文(wen)表、北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)長(chang)道(dao)郡(jun)公趙(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)昶,這二(er)人(ren)都是北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)武帝宇(yu)文(wen)邕(561年(nian)―578年(nian)在位(wei))的親信大將(jiang)。趙(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)文(wen)表追隨許國(guo)公宇(yu)文(wen)貴鎮守蜀地(di),行昌(chang)城郡(jun)事(shi),官至(zhi)加中(zhong)軍將(jiang)軍,左金(jin)紫光祿大夫。趙(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)昶居將(jiang)帥之任,傾心下(xia)士。虜(lu)獲氐、羌,撫而使之,皆為趙(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)昶盡力。后錄(lu)前后功(gong),進爵(jue)長(chang)道(dao)郡(jun)公,征拜賓部中(zhong)大夫,行吏部事(shi)。這二(er)人(ren)皆被北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)武帝賜(si)姓為宇(yu)文(wen)氏。
在(zai)趙文表、趙昶的后裔子(zi)孫中(zhong),有以先祖受賜姓氏承襲者,都稱宇文氏,世代相傳至今。
宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏復姓氏典型的(de)北(bei)(bei)方少(shao)(shao)數(shu)民族(zu)漢(han)化姓氏,在中國(guo)的(de)大(da)陸與臺(tai)灣省都未進入前(qian)三百(bai)大(da)姓,在宋版《百(bai)家姓》中排序為第四(si)百(bai)三十四(si)位門閥。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)姓早(zao)期(qi)活動在西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)區,南(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)逐步南(nan)下內(nei)遷,除在遼寧、內(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)、山西(xi)(xi)(xi)、陜西(xi)(xi)(xi)等地(di)(di)分布外,在河南(nan)洛陽等地(di)(di)形成(cheng)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏皇族(zu)聚集地(di)(di)。唐代時(shi),他們(men)入地(di)(di)為籍,遍及(ji)中原各地(di)(di)。宋后(hou)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏已不常見。如今在北(bei)(bei)京、河南(nan)、陜西(xi)(xi)(xi)、浙江、四(si)川、臺(tai)灣等地(di)(di)有少(shao)(shao)量(liang)分布。現今宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)姓人(ren)口沒(mei)有進入全國(guo)前(qian)三百(bai)位。
今陜西省(sheng)的咸陽市(shi)(shi)及興平市(shi)(shi)、乾縣(xian)(xian)、長武縣(xian)(xian),河北(bei)省(sheng)的行唐縣(xian)(xian)、張家(jia)口市(shi)(shi)、石家(jia)莊市(shi)(shi),遼寧(ning)省(sheng)的大連市(shi)(shi),山東省(sheng)的煙臺市(shi)(shi),四川省(sheng)的南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)部縣(xian)(xian),河南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)的欒(luan)川縣(xian)(xian)、洛陽市(shi)(shi)、安陽市(shi)(shi),江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)的南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)京(jing)市(shi)(shi),安徽省(sheng)的無為縣(xian)(xian),浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)的杭州市(shi)(shi),山西省(sheng)的榆次市(shi)(shi)、太原市(shi)(shi)尖草坪區(qu)、長治市(shi)(shi),廣東省(sheng),湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng),江(jiang)西省(sheng),湖(hu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng),臺灣省(sheng),北(bei)京(jing)市(shi)(shi),天津市(shi)(shi),重慶市(shi)(shi),上海市(shi)(shi),香港特別行政(zheng)區(qu)等地,均有宇文氏族(zu)人(ren)分布。
趙(zhao)(zhao)郡:東漢(han)建安(an)年(nian)間(196年(nian)―219年(nian))設趙(zhao)(zhao)郡,治(zhi)所(suo)廣阿(今邢(xing)臺市隆堯縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)),轄地包括今石家莊趙(zhao)(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、高邑縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、贊皇縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和邢(xing)臺市寧晉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、柏鄉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、臨城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、隆堯縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)東部。隋(sui)朝時期移(yi)治(zhi)到趙(zhao)(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(今河北趙(zhao)(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian))。
太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)府(fu):也稱太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)郡。戰國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)秦(qin)莊襄王(wang)四年(前246年)置郡,治(zhi)所(suo)在(zai)晉(jin)陽(今山(shan)(shan)西太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)),當時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄(xia)地在(zai)今山(shan)(shan)西省(sheng)五臺山(shan)(shan)和管涔山(shan)(shan)南(nan)部(bu)一帶(dai)、霍(huo)山(shan)(shan)北部(bu)一帶(dai)地區(qu)。北魏時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)轄(xia)地在(zai)今山(shan)(shan)西省(sheng)陽曲縣、交城(cheng)市、平遙市、和順(shun)縣間(jian)的晉(jin)中一帶(dai)地區(qu)。隋朝時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)改晉(jin)陽為(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),又另設晉(jin)陽,與(yu)太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)同城(cheng)。唐太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)府(fu)洽也在(zai)此地。宋太(tai)(tai)(tai)平興國(guo)(guo)中期(qi)(qi)(980年)改并(bing)州為(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)府(fu),移治(zhi)陽曲(今山(shan)(shan)西太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan))。以(yi)后宋朝、金國(guo)(guo)的河東路、河東北路,明、清兩朝以(yi)來皆為(wei)府(fu)。民國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)改為(wei)市,成為(wei)山(shan)(shan)西省(sheng)會所(suo)在(zai),一直(zhi)沿用至今。
趙郡(jun)堂(tang):以望立(li)堂(tang)。
太原堂:以望立堂。
四言通用聯
巧(qiao)思博學(xue);善戰多謀。
——上聯典指隋朝時期的朔方(fang)人宇文愷,字安樂(le),喜(xi)讀書(shu),多(duo)技藝,有(you)巧思。隋文帝(di)時任營(ying)(ying)新(xin)都(dou)副監(jian),興建大興城(cheng),又開(kai)鑿廣(guang)通渠,決渭(wei)水達黃河(he),以便利(li)漕運;隋煬帝(di)時歷官(guan)營(ying)(ying)東都(dou)副監(jian)、將(jiang)作大匠、工部尚(shang)書(shu),所規(gui)劃的東都(dou)建筑極為奢華。著(zhu)有(you)《東都(dou)圖記(ji)》、《明堂(tang)圖議》等。下(xia)聯典指宇文愷之(zhi)兄宇文忻,字仲樂(le),善戰多(duo)謀(mou),曾擊敗(bai)北周大將(jiang)尉遲(chi)迥,封(feng)英國(guo)公。楊堅建隋朝后一直(zhi)非常器重他。
折草累石;正色立朝。
——上聯(lian)(lian)典指(zhi)南北朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)北周的宇(yu)文深,幼時(shi)(shi)折(zhe)草為旗,累石為營,作軍陣(zhen)之勢以嬉(xi),日后果為名將。下聯(lian)(lian)典指(zhi)隋朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)的宇(yu)文弼,隋開皇初(chu)年為尚書左丞,當官正色,為百僚所(suo)憚。
五言通用聯
望出太原郡(jun);源自宇文國。
——全聯(lian)典指宇文氏(shi)的郡望(wang)和(he)得姓源流。
六言通用聯
宇宙寥闊(kuo)萬里;文明(ming)昌盛千(qian)秋(qiu)。
——此聯為以鶴頂格鑲(xiang)嵌宇(yu)文(wen)復姓之“宇(yu)文(wen)”二(er)字的嵌字聯。
七言通用聯
觀兒(er)戲料為良將;立(li)戰(zhan)功得沐侯封。
——上聯典指(zhi)南北(bei)朝時期(qi)北(bei)周的武川(chuan)人(ren)宇文(wen)深,字奴千,幼時曾用草、石擺軍(jun)陣(zhen),父親宇文(wen)永遇見了大喜,料定他(ta)日(ri)后(hou)必為(wei)良將(jiang)。后(hou)隨北(bei)周孝(xiao)武帝西遷,以都督領宿衛兵。北(bei)周大統年間官東雍州刺史,封長樂侯(hou),后(hou)官至司會(hui)中大夫。下(xia)聯典指(zhi)南北(bei)朝時期(qi)北(bei)周的武川(chuan)人(ren)宇文(wen)虬,字樂仁,少(shao)年時從軍(jun),因戰功封南安侯(hou),官至驃騎大將(jiang)軍(jun)、開府儀同三司。在戰場上,他(ta)總是身先士卒,所以能上下(xia)同心,戰無不勝。
六人稱王傳名(ming)遠;五州總(zong)管播惠長。
——上聯典指宇文復姓在歷史上稱帝者共有(you)六人,創立北周王朝。下聯典指南北朝時期北周孝閔帝之子(zi)宇文康,字(zi)乾定,封紀王,總(zong)督利、始等(deng)五州(zhou)大小劍二防諸(zhu)軍事。
南冠終日(ri)囚軍(jun)府;北雁何時(shi)到上(shang)林。
——此聯(lian)為金(jin)國(guo)的大臣宇文虛中《在(zai)金(jin)日作(zuo)三首》詩句(ju)聯(lian)。“囚軍府”,指(zhi)(zhi)宇文虛中奉(feng)使(shi)金(jin)國(guo),被留不放還(huan)。“上林”,代指(zhi)(zhi)南宋王朝。
八言以上通用聯
幼歲(sui)攻書,不從筆(bi)硯為迂腐;少年(nian)受(shou)學,惟(wei)憑劍馬取公侯。
——上聯典指隋朝時期的大將(jiang)軍(jun)宇文慶事典。下聯典指南北朝時期北周的夏州(zhou)名人宇文貴,字(zi)永貴,少受學,輟書嘆曰(yue):“男兒當提劍汗馬(ma)以(yi)取公侯,何能(neng)為博士?”后仕魏為大將(jiang)軍(jun),屢著(zhu)戰功,封(feng)許國公。
家譜文獻
宇文(wen)氏族譜,(明)危素序,明朝年間木刻活字印(yin)本。現被收藏在中國(guo)國(guo)家圖書館(guan)(guan)、日本東(dong)京國(guo)立博物館(guan)(guan)。
北(bei)朝北(bei)魏(wei)將領。武(wu)川(今屬(shu)內蒙(meng))人。鮮卑(bei)族(zu),宇(yu)文(wen)泰父。魏(wei)明帝時(shi),破(po)六(liu)(liu)韓拔陵起(qi)義,宇(yu)文(wen)肱聚兵(bing)攻殺破(po)六(liu)(liu)韓拔陵部將衛(wei)可孤。遷居中山。后率眾加(jia)入鮮于修禮軍,被魏(wei)軍擊敗,戰(zhan)死。北(bei)周追尊為德皇帝。
(489-546),北朝(chao)西(xi)魏將(jiang)領。字澄鏡,宇(yu)文(wen)泰族子(zi)。宇(yu)文(wen)測性沉密,少(shao)篤學。起(qi)家奉朝(chao)請、殿中(zhong)侍御史、安東將(jiang)軍。尚(shang)宣武(wu)帝女陽平公(gong)主,拜(bai)駙馬都尉。從孝武(wu)帝西(xi)入關,進爵為公(gong)。西(xi)魏文(wen)帝大(da)(da)統四年(nian)(nian)(538),拜(bai)侍中(zhong)。六年(nian)(nian),坐事免。不(bu)久,除驃騎(qi)大(da)(da)將(jiang)軍、大(da)(da)都督、行汾州事。八年(nian)(nian),加(jia)金紫光祿大(da)(da)夫(fu),轉行綏州事。十年(nian)(nian),征拜(bai)太子(zi)少(shao)保(bao)。十二年(nian)(nian)十月,在(zai)任去世。
(498-554),北朝(chao)西(xi)魏將領。好讀書,馳馬能左右射。少襲爵,與魏孝武帝(di)(di)有(you)布衣交,帝(di)(di)用為閣內大都督。共議西(xi)附宇文(wen)泰,又護帝(di)(di)至關中。宇文(wen)泰用為帳內大都督。后進位儀(yi)同(tong)三司(si)、散騎(qi)常侍。魏恭(gong)帝(di)(di)元年去世。
(505-556),北朝北魏(wei)、西魏(wei)將領。字黑獺,代郡武(wu)川(今內蒙古武(wu)川西)人,鮮卑族。
(511-554),北(bei)朝西魏(wei)將(jiang)領(ling)。字菩薩,顥子。隨宇(yu)文(wen)泰(tai)入關(guan)中,西魏(wei)文(wen)帝初(chu)為領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun),率(lv)領(ling)禁(jin)軍(jun)(jun)。泰(tai)與高歡作戰。常留守(shou)后(hou)方。大統四年(nian)(538),為華(hua)州(zhou)刺史。泰(tai)軍(jun)(jun)在洛陽(yang)失敗,趙青雀(que)、于伏德(de)等乘時據長安、咸陽(yang)。宇(yu)文(wen)導由華(hua)州(zhou)率(lv)軍(jun)(jun)攻破咸陽(yang),又與泰(tai)合師收回長安。后(hou)出守(shou)隴右,去世在上邽(gui),謚孝。
(?-568),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周臣。字奴干,測弟(di)。起家秘書(shu)郎。好讀(du)兵書(shu),有謀略(lve)。宇文(wen)泰用為(wei)相府主簿。為(wei)泰籌劃擒竇泰、取弘農及沙(sha)苑(yuan)作戰方(fang)略(lve)。封長樂縣(xian)侯(hou)。周武(wu)帝保定初,為(wei)京兆尹(yin),轉(zhuan)司會中(zhong)大夫(fu)。為(wei)政嚴明,抑制豪右(you),受人贊譽。
(約515-572),北朝(chao)北周權臣。武(wu)川(chuan)(今內(nei)蒙古武(wu)川(chuan)西)人。宇文泰之侄。
(531-578),北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)將領。代郡武(wu)川(chuan)(今屬內(nei)蒙古)人。鮮卑族。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)文(wen)帝(di)(di)宇文(wen)泰族子。父顯(xian)和,仕(shi)魏(wei),為(wei)孝武(wu)帝(di)(di)進入(ru)關(guan)之計。后隨(sui)從(cong)入(ru)關(guan)。宇文(wen)神(shen)(shen)舉以(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)明帝(di)(di)初,起(qi)家(jia)中侍(shi)上士(shi)。明帝(di)(di)留意(yi)文(wen)學(xue)而神(shen)(shen)舉雅好(hao)篇什,常得侍(shi)從(cong)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)保定間,歷任車騎大將軍、儀同(tong)三司諸(zhu)職。建德元(yuan)年為(wei)京兆尹,三年,出為(wei)熊(xiong)州刺(ci)(ci)史。從(cong)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)伐齊(qi),齊(qi)平(ping),為(wei)并州刺(ci)(ci)史。宣政元(yuan)年(578),周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)卒(zu),幽州人盧(lu)昌期、祖(zu)英伯等舉兵反周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),盧(lu)思道亦(yi)預(yu)其事。神(shen)(shen)舉率兵平(ping)亂,見思道,令(ling)作露布,乃(nai)釋其罪。又從(cong)越(yue)王宇文(wen)盛(sheng)平(ping)稽胡,敗突厥。師(shi)還,以(yi)武(wu)帝(di)(di)時嘗與王軌、宇文(wen)孝伯言宣帝(di)(di)之短于武(wu)帝(di)(di),兼(jian)以(yi)功高,宣帝(di)(di)使人鴆(zhen)之,卒(zu)于馬(ma)邑。史稱宇文(wen)神(shen)(shen)舉“博涉經史,性(xing)愛篇章”。
(534-560),北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)周皇帝(di)。小(xiao)字統萬突。鮮卑族。宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)泰庶(shu)長子。西(xi)魏大統十四(si)年(nian)(548),封寧都郡公。北(bei)(bei)周建國(guo)(guo)后任柱(zhu)國(guo)(guo),岐州刺史。557年(nian)被宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)護(hu)(hu)(hu)立(li)為天(tian)王,宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)護(hu)(hu)(hu)輔政專權。559年(nian)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)護(hu)(hu)(hu)歸政,始親政,稱皇帝(di),改(gai)元武(wu)(wu)成(cheng)。仍受制于宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)護(hu)(hu)(hu)。武(wu)(wu)成(cheng)二年(nian)(560)四(si)月,被宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)護(hu)(hu)(hu)毒死。葬(zang)昭(zhao)陵。謚明皇帝(di),廟號世宗。年(nian)號武(wu)(wu)成(cheng)。
(542-557),北朝(chao)北周創建者(zhe)。字陁羅(luo)尼。鮮卑(bei)族。代(dai)郡武川(今屬內蒙古)人,西魏(wei)權臣宇文泰第三(san)子。
北朝北周將領。字(zi)樂仁(ren),武(wu)川(今屬內蒙古)人。驍悍(han)有膽略。少從征討,累有戰功(gong)(gong),封南(nan)安侯。后為獨孤信(xin)帳內都督,隨(sui)信(xin)奔(ben)梁。復(fu)回歸,進(jin)爵為公(gong)。從復(fu)弘農,破沙苑,戰河橋,皆有功(gong)(gong),累遷南(nan)秦州刺(ci)史、驃(piao)騎大(da)將軍(jun)、開府儀(yi)同三司。宇(yu)文虬(qiu)每經戰陣,必身(shen)先士(shi)卒,故上下(xia)同心,戰無(wu)不克。后拜金(jin)州刺(ci)史、大(da)將軍(jun)卒。
(543-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周皇帝(di)。小字禰羅(luo)突。鮮卑族。武川(今內蒙古(gu)武川西)人(ren)。宇文泰(tai)第四子。
(?-576),北朝(chao)北周(zhou)將領(ling)。字永貴,其先昌黎(今屬(shu)河(he)北)人(ren),后(hou)徙居夏州(今陜西(xi)橫(heng)山縣(xian)西(xi))。善騎射,有(you)將帥才。魏正(zheng)光(guang)末,破(po)六韓拔陵圍夏州,刺史嬰城固守,以貴為(wei)統軍。后(hou)從爾朱(zhu)榮,以戰(zhan)功封(feng)革融縣(xian)侯。大(da)統中(zhong),屢著(zhu)戰(zhan)功,官至(zhi)大(da)將軍。周(zhou)孝閔帝即位,進位柱國,封(feng)許國公,歷官大(da)司徒、太(tai)保。天(tian)和中(zhong)出(chu)使突(tu)厥,回至(zhi)張(zhang)掖卒。
(543-578),北朝北周臣。字胡(hu)三,深子。少被宇文泰撫養。與武帝同日(ri)生(sheng),同學,相知甚深。邕即(ji)(ji)位,以(yi)(yi)與其(qi)共讀為由,引置左右,方得(de)聯絡內外,誅殺宇文護(hu)。為左宮正(zheng),輔太子赟,數言赟過。帝出(chu)京,常令其(qi)留守。帝將卒(zu),執手托以(yi)(yi)后事,即(ji)(ji)令為司衛上大夫。入京鎮守。宣帝初(chu),為小冢宰,數言朝政(zheng)得(de)失,拒助帝殺齊王憲(xian),賜(si)死(si)。后楊堅言:若孝伯(bo)在(zai),己(ji)即(ji)(ji)無機遇。
(544-578),北朝(chao)北周(zhou)宗室。字毗賀突,宇文泰第五子,周(zhou)武帝(di)宇文邕弟。性通敏,有度量。
北朝(chao)北周(zhou)(zhou)宗室。字豆羅突,邕(yong)同母(mu)弟。周(zhou)(zhou)初封(feng)衛國公,附宇文護(hu)。武帝(di)(di)天和中與陳軍作戰兵敗,免職。遂怨護(hu),助邕(yong)殺護(hu)。求為大(da)司馬,帝(di)(di)未許。建德三(san)年(nian)(574)進爵(jue)為王。同年(nian),帝(di)(di)赴云陽(yang)宮,直(zhi)在長安舉兵攻宮城。事敗,逃至荊州(zhou)被(bei)擒,免為庶人,囚在別宮。不久被(bei)殺。
(?-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字侯幼(you)突,宇文泰子。明帝武(wu)成初(chu),封譙(qiao)國公。武(wu)帝天和中,拜大將軍,遷柱(zhu)國,出為(wei)益(yi)州總管。建德三年(nian)(nian)(574),宇文儉進爵為(wei)王。五年(nian)(nian),東伐,攻永固(gu)城(cheng),拔(ba)之(zhi)。六(liu)年(nian)(nian),拜大冢宰。宣政元年(nian)(nian)(578)二月(yue)卒。
(?-580),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周宗室。字(zi)度斤(jin)突(tu),宇文泰子。性(xing)果決,善騎射。明帝(di)武成初,封代國公。武帝(di)天和元年(566),拜大將軍。建德(de)初,進(jin)(jin)位柱(zhu)國,出(chu)(chu)為荊州(zhou)(zhou)刺史。三年(574),進(jin)(jin)爵為王。出(chu)(chu)為益州(zhou)(zhou)總管。宣(xuan)帝(di)即位,進(jin)(jin)位上(shang)柱(zhu)國。靜帝(di)大象元年(579),拜大右弼(bi)。二年,為隋文帝(di)楊堅(jian)所殺。
(?-580),北朝(chao)北周宗室、文人。字豆盧突。代郡武川(今屬內蒙古)人。鮮卑(bei)族(zu)。宇文泰子。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室、文(wen)人。字爾固突。代郡武川(今屬(shu)內蒙(meng)古)人。鮮卑族(zu)。宇文(wen)泰(tai)之子。
北朝(chao)北周(zhou)將領。河(he)南(nan)洛陽(今屬河(he)南(nan))人。孝文(wen)帝太和初,為(wei)羽林(lin)郎將,數有戰功(gong)。魏遷都(dou)洛陽,宇文(wen)福(fu)奉命規劃牧地,在黃河(he)南(nan)北地近(jin)千(qian)里,放養雜畜。后攻高(gao)車敗(bai),被貶。宣武帝即位,用為(wei)南(nan)征統軍,有戰功(gong)。歷任豫(yu)、瀛州刺史,太仆卿,懷朔鎮(zhen)將。卒于鎮(zhen),謚貞惠。
(559-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周皇帝(di)。字乾伯。鮮卑族。邕長子。邕慮其(qi)不堪重(zhong)任,待其(qi)嚴格,朝見如群臣,有過則杖(zhang)責。初即位(wei),下令(ling)嚴律法;任用北(bei)齊官(guan)員。殺(sha)齊王憲,令(ling)左(zuo)右密(mi)察群臣言行。法嚴刑苛,禁臣下有高大(da)之稱。次(ci)年,以子衍為(wei)皇帝(di),自稱天元(yuan)皇帝(di)。大(da)興土木,恣意聲色(se)。對國家典(dian)章制度等,皆有變(bian)革。大(da)象二(er)年令(ling)楊堅出(chu)為(wei)揚州(zhou)總管。事未行,病,召(zhao)堅入宮。卒(zu),謚宣帝(di)。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗(zong)室。字(zi)乾(qian)依,武(wu)帝宇文(wen)邕子(zi),初(chu)封漢國公(gong)。建德三年(nian)(574),進爵為王,仍柱國。靜帝大象(xiang)二年(nian)(580),楊堅(jian)輔政(zheng),欲順物情,乃進宇文(wen)贊上柱國、右(you)大丞相。外示尊崇,實(shi)無權(quan)柄。后轉(zhuan)太師。不久,為堅(jian)所殺(sha)。
(?-580),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周(zhou)宗室。字乾信(xin),武(wu)帝(di)宇(yu)文邕子,初(chu)封秦國公。武(wu)帝(di)建德三年(574),進爵為(wei)王。靜帝(di)大象(xiang)二年(580)五(wu)月(yue),進上柱(zhu)國。六月(yue),遷大冢宰。八月(yue),進位大右弼(bi)。不(bu)久,為(wei)楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字立久突,宇(yu)文(wen)泰子。明帝(di)武成(cheng)初(chu),封(feng)越(yue)國公。武帝(di)天(tian)和(he)中,進(jin)爵為(wei)王。四(si)年(nian)(569),大(da)(da)軍伐(fa)齊,宇(yu)文(wen)盛(sheng)為(wei)后一軍總(zong)管。并州平,進(jin)位上柱國。從平鄴,拜相州總(zong)管。宣(xuan)政元(yuan)年(nian)(578),入為(wei)大(da)(da)冢宰。靜帝(di)大(da)(da)象元(yuan)年(nian)(579),遷大(da)(da)前(qian)疑,轉太保。同年(nian)出就國。二年(nian),朝京師(shi)。其秋,為(wei)隋(sui)文(wen)帝(di)楊堅所殺(sha)。
(523-586),隋(sui)將領。京兆(zhao)(治今(jin)陜西(xi)西(xi)安)人,本籍(ji)朔方(治今(jin)內蒙古(gu)烏(wu)審(shen)旗南白城子),字仲(zhong)樂。少時(shi)即(ji)精騎(qi)射,慷慨有大志,自謂可勝過(guo)韓(han)信(xin)、白起、衛(wei)青、霍去病(bing)等名將。北(bei)周時(shi),從(cong)韋孝(xiao)寬守(shou)玉(yu)壁,從(cong)武帝攻拔(ba)北(bei)齊晉(jin)陽,均以(yi)驍勇敢戰立功。周末,從(cong)高颎、韋孝(xiao)寬破尉遲(chi)迥(jiong),功為諸將之最。進封英國公。入隋(sui),以(yi)宿將遭忌(ji),乃與梁(liang)士彥(yan)等謀反,事(shi)泄被殺。
(573-581),北朝(chao)北周(zhou)皇帝。本名衍。鮮卑族。宣帝長子。大成元(yuan)年(nian)(579),封(feng)魯王,不久(jiu)立(li)為(wei)皇太子。同(tong)年(nian)二月受父禪即位,年(nian)僅7歲。改元(yuan)大象。外戚楊(yang)堅執掌朝(chao)政(zheng),恢復佛、道兩教,大殺周(zhou)朝(chao)宗室。大定元(yuan)年(nian)(581)二月,被迫禪位于(yu)楊(yang)堅,封(feng)介國公,北周(zhou)亡。同(tong)年(nian)五月被殺。葬(zang)恭陵。謚(shi)靜(jing)帝。
隋將(jiang),字神慶,祖籍武(wu)川(chuan)(今屬內蒙古(gu)),后為(wei)洛陽人,鮮卑族(zu),宇文(wen)氏族(zu)子。周初受業東觀,頗涉經(jing)史(shi)。后應募(mu)從征(zheng),以功授都督。復從武(wu)帝轉戰各地,拔高壁,克并州(zhou),下信(xin)都,功居諸(zhu)將(jiang)之(zhi)首,故(gu)進位(wei)大將(jiang)軍,封(feng)汝南(nan)郡公。入隋,拜左武(wu)衛將(jiang)軍,進上柱國(guo),出為(wei)涼(liang)州(zhou)總管。后還都,卒于家(jia)。
(555-612),隋建筑家。字安樂,朔方(fang)夏州(今陜西靖邊)人(ren)。
(?-616),隋朝將領。字伯通,代郡武(wu)川(今內(nei)蒙(meng)古武(wu)川南)人(ren),出身鮮(xian)卑(bei)貴(gui)族。
(?-619),隋代末年(nian)叛軍首(shou)領。代郡(jun)武川(今內蒙古(gu)武川西)人。隋大(da)將宇文述之子。
唐將(jiang)領。字仁人,京兆(zhao)長安人。父述,為(wei)隋(sui)右(you)衛大(da)將(jiang)軍。隋(sui)開皇末(601),封新城縣公。
宇(yu)文(wen)成都,小說(shuo)《說(shuo)唐(tang)》《忠(zhong)義響馬傳(chuan)》《興(xing)唐(tang)傳(chuan)》中人(ren)物,宇(yu)文(wen)化及之子(zi)(zi)。被隋煬帝封為(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)保大將軍之職。兵器鳳翅鎦金镋(tang)[tǎng],被稱為(wei)(wei)隋唐(tang)第(di)二(er)條好漢,在(zai)四平山力挫三(san)(san)杰。曾在(zai)晉陽(yang)與(yu)李(li)淵(yuan)之子(zi)(zi)李(li)元霸比武,輸(shu)給(gei)李(li)元霸。與(yu)瓦崗寨英使一柄鳳翅鎦金镋(tang),重三(san)(san)百二(er)十斤”,傳(chuan)說(shuo)為(wei)(wei)九天(tian)(tian)應元雷神普化天(tian)(tian)尊(zun)轉世。雄為(wei)(wei)敵,幫助父奪取隋朝天(tian)(tian)下,在(zai)揚州被李(li)元霸所殺。歷史上,宇(yu)文(wen)化及有(you)二(er)子(zi)(zi):宇(yu)文(wen)承(cheng)基、宇(yu)文(wen)承(cheng)趾,宇(yu)文(wen)化及同(tong)時(shi)被竇(dou)建德斬殺。
(?-約730),唐臣。京兆萬(wan)年(今陜(shan)西(xi)西(xi)安)人(ren)。開元初任監(jian)察御史。時(shi)土地兼并嚴重,人(ren)口(kou)流失,稅收(shou)受到(dao)影響。他(ta)建議檢括逃亡戶(hu)(hu)口(kou)和籍外占田。并自任勸農使(shi),率判官二(er)十余(yu)人(ren)出(chu)使(shi)各地,清出(chu)客(ke)戶(hu)(hu)八十余(yu)萬(wan)和大量土地。開元十七年(729),拜黃門(men)侍(shi)郎(lang),同中書門(men)下平章事。他(ta)善于薦舉人(ren)才,在(zai)相期間,薦宋(song)璟為(wei)(wei)右(you)丞相、裴耀(yao)卿為(wei)(wei)戶(hu)(hu)部侍(shi)郎(lang)、許景先(xian)為(wei)(wei)工部侍(shi)郎(lang)。在(zai)相位僅百日即罷貶為(wei)(wei)汝州刺(ci)史,又流巖(yan)州,卒于途中。
唐臣。字(zi)周重(zhong),河(he)南(nan)(今河(he)南(nan)洛陽(yang))人(ren)。御(yu)史(shi)中丞宇文邈之子。元和(he)六年(nian)(nian)(811),與(yu)(yu)江淮從(cong)事李公佐會于漢南(nan)。長(chang)慶初(chu),任(ren)右拾遺,與(yu)(yu)李玨等進言(yan)勸(quan)穆宗戒酒色。歷倉部(bu)(bu)員(yuan)外(wai)郎、左司(si)員(yuan)外(wai)郎、吏部(bu)(bu)員(yuan)外(wai)郎。大和(he)三年(nian)(nian)(829),自(zi)吏部(bu)(bu)郎中為御(yu)史(shi)中丞。又(you)兼刑部(bu)(bu)侍郎。六年(nian)(nian),為戶部(bu)(bu)侍郎、判度支。出為華州(zhou)刺史(shi)。八年(nian)(nian),坐贓事貶循州(zhou)刺史(shi)。
(1029-1082),北宋學者。字公南,漢州綿竹(今(jin)屬四川(chuan))人(ren)。進(jin)士及(ji)第(di),為文(wen)州曲水(shui)縣令(ling)。神(shen)宗(zong)即位,上疏(shu)言政(zheng)事(shi),不(bu)報(bao),遂以太子中允(yun)致仕。自強于學,不(bu)易其(qi)志,退居(ju)十五年,常為經史(shi)琴酒之樂,學者稱止(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)先生。司馬光、范鎮等盛譽(yu)之,以為“位下而言高,學富而行篤”。元豐五年卒(zu)。著有(you)《止(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)先生宇文(wen)公集》二十二卷,今(jin)已佚。
(?-1139),宋臣。字仲(zhong)達(da),一作仲(zhong)理(li),成(cheng)都華陽(yang)(今四川雙(shuang)流)人。崇(chong)寧二年(nian)(1103)進士。入仕后(hou)曾(ceng)任(ren)中(zhong)書舍人、翰(han)林學士承(cheng)旨等職(zhi)。宣(xuan)和六(liu)年(nian)(1124)官至(zhi)尚(shang)書右丞。后(hou)出為地方官。南(nan)宋初知濮州時被俘,金人嘉其(qi)忠(zhong)義放歸,乃以光祿大夫出知潼(tong)川府。紹(shao)興元年(nian)(1131)辭(ci)官,以其(qi)弟宇文時中(zhong)代(dai)理(li)府事。從(cong)此閑(xian)居至(zhi)卒。
(1079-1146),金臣。字叔通,宇(yu)文粹中之弟。
南宋臣(chen)。字(zi)挺臣(chen),顯謨(mo)閣待制(zhi)宇文師瑗養子。成都(dou)(dou)廣都(dou)(dou)(今四川雙流)人。初(chu)補官(guan)仕州(zhou)縣。舉(ju)進(jin)(jin)士(shi)。累(lei)遷寶(bao)謨(mo)閣待制(zhi)、知廬州(zhou)。時(shi),韓(han)侂(tuo)胄(zhou)(zhou)方議舉(ju)兵(bing)(bing)北伐。紹節(jie)(jie)致(zhi)書(shu)(shu)侂(tuo)胄(zhou)(zhou),認為有(you)復仇之(zhi)(zhi)志,無復仇之(zhi)(zhi)略;有(you)開邊之(zhi)(zhi)害,無開邊之(zhi)(zhi)利(li),不(bu)量國力,冒險進(jin)(jin)取。侂(tuo)胄(zhou)(zhou)見(jian)書(shu)(shu)不(bu)樂。召還,以寶(bao)文閣待制(zhi)知鎮(zhen)江府(fu)。除湖北京西宣撫使,知江陵府(fu)。統制(zhi)官(guan)高悅(yue)肆意(yi)殺掠,紹節(jie)(jie)召至,收其部曲,旋(xuan)有(you)人控訴悅(yue)縱所(suo)部剽劫者,加以杖殺,兵(bing)(bing)民皆歡喜。官(guan)至端(duan)明(ming)殿學士(shi)、簽書(shu)(shu)樞密院事(shi),卒。謚(shi)忠惠。
元文學家。字子貞,成都人,后徙(xi)吳(wu)興(今浙(zhe)江湖(hu)州)。元統進士。
其他宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人(ren)有晉宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鮮(xian)卑族(zu)首領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)槐、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)廆、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)屈云、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜尼(ni)延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞(qi)得歸、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸(yi)豆歸;南北朝東魏史學家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)忠之,西魏將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洛生、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)顥,北周大臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)純、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寔、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)興、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)貞、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)賢(xian)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)善,將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)安慶、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)椿;隋大臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)弼(bi)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)靜(jing)禮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)皛、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)智及(ji),將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)協;唐大臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穎、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節;宋大臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌齡、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)常,學者宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)紹奕、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)懋(mao)昭等。近當代宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人(ren)有經濟(ji)學家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)舉(ju),畫家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洲,歌唱演員宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)永清(qing)等
1940年生于吉林龍井,1958年考入東北(bei)師(shi)范(fan)大(da)學美(mei)術系(xi)學習。1965年畢(bi)業(ye)分配(pei)到北(bei)京畫院工作(zuo)。作(zuo)品(pin)以青綠(lv)山水(shui)創作(zuo)為(wei)主(zhu)。其創作(zuo)力求把水(shui)墨(mo)山水(shui)和重彩青綠(lv)山水(shui)融為(wei)一(yi)體作(zuo)品(pin)構圖(tu)飽滿。氣勢(shi)雄偉(wei)。現(xian)為(wei)北(bei)京畫院專業(ye)畫家(jia)。國家(jia)一(yi)級美(mei)術師(shi)。北(bei)京中國畫研究會會長。中國美(mei)術家(jia)協(xie)會會員。