宇(yu)(yu)文(yǔ wén)為復姓(xing),炎帝神農氏后(hou)裔。主要來源中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)遼東,為南(nan)單于之后(hou)。魏(wei)晉(jin)時(shi),北方(fang)鮮卑(bei)族宇(yu)(yu)文氏部(bu)落,自稱宇(yu)(yu)文姓(xing)。東晉(jin)時(shi),宇(yu)(yu)文氏進駐(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)原,稱宇(yu)(yu)文國(guo),以(yi)宇(yu)(yu)文為姓(xing),稱宇(yu)(yu)文氏。
宇文(wen)姓(xing)早期(qi)活(huo)動(dong)在西北地(di)區,南北朝時期(qi)逐步(bu)南下內遷。唐代(dai)時,他(ta)們(men)入地(di)為籍,遍及中原各地(di)。宋后宇文(wen)氏已不常見(jian)。如今(jin)在河北、陜西、山(shan)西、北京、浙江(jiang)、四川、臺灣等地(di)有少量分布。宇文(wen)姓(xing)人(ren)口(kou)排名第551位,人(ren)口(kou)約(yue)2.1萬人(ren)。
來(lai)自(zi)匈奴(nu)族,出(chu)自(zi)魏(wei)、晉時(shi)期(qi)遼東匈奴(nu)南單于之后,屬(shu)于漢化(hua)改(gai)姓為氏。
魏(wei)、晉兩朝時期(qi),北方鮮卑民族中有一宇文氏部(bu)(bu)落,原來是(shi)漢朝時期(qi)南匈奴的(de)(de)一個分支(zhi),在(zai)東漢晚期(qi)至三國(guo)初期(qi)形成一個部(bu)(bu)落群體,族人自稱是(shi)炎(yan)帝神農(nong)(nong)氏的(de)(de)后裔(yi)。歷史上(shang)記載宇文部(bu)(bu)最早起(qi)源(yuan)的(de)(de)是(shi)史籍《周書》,其中稱宇文部(bu)(bu)源(yuan)自神農(nong)(nong)氏,因此應當來源(yuan)姜姓。
中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)史(shi)學界一般認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)公元(yuan)1世(shi)(shi)紀時(shi)(shi)北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)被(bei)東(dong)漢擊走西(xi)遷后(hou)(hou)(hou),留在故地漠北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾東(dong)遷與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)族人(ren)混居以后(hou)(hou)(hou)被(bei)同化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)族群,在這段期(qi)間該部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾參加鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)首(shou)(shou)領檀石槐的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)聯盟,首(shou)(shou)領成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大人(ren)。因此,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)源自(zi)匈(xiong)奴(nu)而后(hou)(hou)(hou)揉(rou)合了鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)血統的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族。據(ju)史(shi)籍《后(hou)(hou)(hou)漢書(shu)》記(ji)載,東(dong)漢和(he)帝年間,當(dang)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大將軍竇憲(xian)派右校尉耿夔擊破北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu),“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)因此轉徙據(ju)其(qi)(qi)地。匈(xiong)奴(nu)余種留者(zhe)尚(shang)有十(shi)(shi)余萬落(luo)(luo)(luo),皆自(zi)號(hao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)。”在史(shi)籍《魏書(shu)》中(zhong)(zhong)也認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)“匈(xiong)奴(nu)種,出(chu)于(yu)(yu)遼東(dong)塞(sai)外(wai),其(qi)(qi)先南(nan)單(dan)于(yu)(yu)遠(yuan)屬(shu)也,世(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大人(ren)。其(qi)(qi)語與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)頗異。”按史(shi)書(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載:宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)領的(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)先叫葛(ge)(ge)烏(wu)菟,其(qi)(qi)先出(chu)自(zi)炎帝神農氏(shi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黃帝所(suo)滅,子孫遁(dun)居朔野為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)苗裔(yi),實際上(shang)就(jiu)是(shi)南(nan)匈(xiong)奴(nu)某(mou)個單(dan)于(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)庶(shu)支(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)裔(yi)。葛(ge)(ge)烏(wu)菟是(shi)公元(yuan)一世(shi)(shi)紀人(ren),原(yuan)居陰山(shan),是(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖(zu),東(dong)漢后(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)起其(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)裔(yi)子孫世(shi)(shi)襲為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大人(ren)。在史(shi)籍《周書(shu)·文(wen)(wen)(wen)帝紀》中(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)載:“葛(ge)(ge)烏(wu)菟雄武多算略,鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)慕(mu)之(zhi),奉以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,遂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)二(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo),世(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大人(ren)。”葛(ge)(ge)烏(wu)菟之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)曰普回(hui)(hui),普回(hui)(hui)有子宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那,約在公元(yuan)一世(shi)(shi)紀北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)西(xi)遷時(shi)(shi),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那則(ze)(ze)自(zi)陰山(shan)率領下屬(shu)十(shi)(shi)二(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)南(nan)下遷至(zhi)遼西(xi)地區,之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那從(cong)附屬(shu)匈(xiong)奴(nu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系中(zhong)(zhong)脫離獨立,號(hao)稱“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)俟(si)汾(fen)(fen)氏(shi)”。“俟(si)汾(fen)(fen)”是(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)族語“天(tian)王(wang)”之(zhi)意。俟(si)汾(fen)(fen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)日漸強(qiang)盛后(hou)(hou)(hou),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那的(de)(de)(de)(de)慕(mu)僚建議改(gai)“天(tian)王(wang)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)姓,但(dan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)忌諱晉室(shi),換“天(tian)王(wang)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)”,當(dang)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)十(shi)(shi)二(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)中(zhong)(zhong)已(yi)經蘊涵(han)了后(hou)(hou)(hou)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)庫莫(mo)(mo)奚(xi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)和(he)契(qi)丹部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那則(ze)(ze)被(bei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)來南(nan)北(bei)朝時(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)周政權尊為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)獻侯,并奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)周皇(huang)室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖(zu)。
按史(shi)籍《周書》的(de)(de)記(ji)載(zai):葛(ge)烏菟的(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)(hou)代(dai)普回(hui)襲(xi)任(ren)大(da)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)職后(hou)(hou)(hou),他在(zai)(zai)(zai)打(da)獵時(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)河邊拾到(dao)一(yi)(yi)顆玉(yu)璽(xi),上(shang)刻“皇帝(di)璽(xi)”三字(zi),大(da)喜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)自(zi)(zi)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)授(shou)神權(quan),當(dang)地人(ren)呼(hu)(hu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)”,呼(hu)(hu)君為(wei)(wei)(wei)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”,“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”意(yi)即“天(tian)(tian)(tian)子”。于是(shi),這位普回(hui)大(da)人(ren)便自(zi)(zi)己號稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)氏,而(er)(er)自(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落就(jiu)叫作宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。當(dang)然,后(hou)(hou)(hou)世史(shi)學家(jia)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)這純粹是(shi)牽強附(fu)(fu)會(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說。到(dao)了(le)(le)東(dong)晉(jin)時(shi)期(qi)(qi),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)據中原,號稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)國(guo)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫那之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)有數代(dai)首(shou)(shou)領在(zai)(zai)(zai)史(shi)書中沒(mei)有任(ren)何(he)記(ji)載(zai),一(yi)(yi)直到(dao)西晉(jin)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)以(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)才有記(ji)事。在(zai)(zai)(zai)史(shi)籍《魏書》中,記(ji)載(zai)了(le)(le)當(dang)時(shi)的(de)(de)習俗(su)“人(ren)皆剪發而(er)(er)留其頂上(shang),以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)首(shou)(shou)飾,長過數寸(cun)則截短之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。婦(fu)女(nv)披長襦及足(zu),而(er)(er)無(wu)裳焉。”部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)人(ren)有髡發習俗(su),婦(fu)女(nv)是(shi)穿(chuan)著(zhu)連身的(de)(de)長襖(ao),與(yu)漢族(zu)(zu)下(xia)身做(zuo)長裙的(de)(de)打(da)扮大(da)不(bu)同。另外,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)人(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)秋天(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)時(shi)候會(hui)去(qu)采收一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)稱作“烏頭”的(de)(de)有毒植物制(zhi)成毒藥,做(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)射獵禽獸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。鮮卑(bei)(bei)族(zu)(zu)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)逐漸繁榮興盛,一(yi)(yi)直至東(dong)晉(jin)五胡十(shi)六(liu)國(guo)前(qian)期(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)止,特別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)西晉(jin)以(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)強盛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),地點(dian)約在(zai)(zai)(zai)濡(ru)源(今河北灤河上(shang)游)以(yi)東(dong)、柳(liu)城(今遼(liao)寧朝陽)以(yi)西一(yi)(yi)帶的(de)(de)廣大(da)地區,與(yu)同期(qi)(qi)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)(bei)、段部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)(bei)相同,都屬(shu)于東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)支系(xi)(xi)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)西晉(jin)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)幾代(dai)首(shou)(shou)領與(yu)拓跋部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)(bei)關系(xi)(xi)較(jiao)佳,兩(liang)個(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)間時(shi)有通婚。進(jin)(jin)入五胡十(shi)六(liu)國(guo)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾依附(fu)(fu)勢力(li)強大(da)的(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)(hou)趙(zhao)政權(quan)。但宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間卻(que)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)直存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)不(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)爭斗,且連續有數位宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫珪、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜昵延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得龜、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸(gui)都曾為(wei)(wei)(wei)慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所(suo)敗,在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)晉(jin)咸和九(jiu)年(nian)或東(dong)晉(jin)咸康元(yuan)年(nian)(公元(yuan)344/345年(nian))的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)決定性戰役中,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)終于被慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所(suo)建立(li)的(de)(de)前(qian)燕(yan)政權(quan)擊(ji)敗,部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾被慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)首(shou)(shou)領分(fen)散遷(qian)移,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)滅亡。
鮮卑宇文(wen)(wen)部的族(zu)人(ren)以(yi)及后來北周政權(quan)的皇族(zu)貴胄和一些臣(chen)子國(guo)民,都以(yi)“宇文(wen)(wen)“為(wei)(wei)(wei)姓(xing)氏,稱宇文(wen)(wen)氏,后逐漸融入(ru)(ru)漢族(zu),將(jiang)宇文(wen)(wen)氏復姓(xing)也(ye)帶入(ru)(ru)漢族(zu)之中(zhong),后有省文(wen)(wen)簡(jian)改(gai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)單姓(xing)宇氏、文(wen)(wen)氏者(zhe)(zhe),也(ye)有改(gai)單姓(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)尚氏、趙氏、胡氏、李氏者(zhe)(zhe),皆世代相傳(chuan)至(zhi)今。
來自(zi)嬴姓,出自(zi)南北朝(chao)時(shi)期北周政權大臣(chen)趙文表、趙昶之(zhi)后,屬于帝(di)王賜(si)改姓為氏(shi)。
南(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)時(shi)期,有北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)大(da)(da)都督(du)趙文(wen)(wen)表、北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)長道郡(jun)(jun)公(gong)趙昶,這二人都是北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)武帝宇文(wen)(wen)邕(561年(nian)―578年(nian)在位)的親信大(da)(da)將(jiang)。趙文(wen)(wen)表追隨許國(guo)公(gong)宇文(wen)(wen)貴鎮守蜀地,行(xing)昌城(cheng)郡(jun)(jun)事,官至加中軍將(jiang)軍,左(zuo)金紫光祿大(da)(da)夫。趙昶居將(jiang)帥之任,傾心下士(shi)。虜獲氐、羌,撫而使之,皆為趙昶盡(jin)力。后錄前(qian)后功,進(jin)爵長道郡(jun)(jun)公(gong),征拜賓部(bu)中大(da)(da)夫,行(xing)吏部(bu)事。這二人皆被北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)武帝賜姓為宇文(wen)(wen)氏。
在(zai)趙(zhao)文表、趙(zhao)昶的后裔子孫中,有以先祖受賜姓氏承襲者(zhe),都稱宇文氏,世代相傳至今。
宇文氏復姓(xing)氏典型的北方少數民族漢(han)化姓(xing)氏,在中(zhong)國(guo)的大陸(lu)與臺灣(wan)省都未進入前三百大姓(xing),在宋(song)版(ban)《百家姓(xing)》中(zhong)排序(xu)為第(di)四百三十四位(wei)門閥。宇文姓(xing)早(zao)期活動在西(xi)北地區(qu),南北朝時(shi)期逐步南下內遷,除在遼寧、內蒙古、山西(xi)、陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)等(deng)地分布外(wai),在河南洛陽等(deng)地形成宇文氏皇族聚集地。唐代時(shi),他們(men)入地為籍,遍及(ji)中(zhong)原各地。宋(song)后宇文氏已(yi)不常見。如今在北京、河南、陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)、浙江、四川、臺灣(wan)等(deng)地有少量分布。現今宇文姓(xing)人口沒(mei)有進入全國(guo)前三百位(wei)。
今(jin)陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)咸陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)及興平(ping)市(shi)、乾縣、長(chang)武(wu)縣,河北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)行唐(tang)縣、張家口市(shi)、石家莊市(shi),遼寧省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)大連(lian)市(shi),山東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)煙(yan)臺市(shi),四川(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)南(nan)部縣,河南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)欒川(chuan)縣、洛陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)、安(an)陽(yang)(yang)市(shi),江蘇省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)南(nan)京市(shi),安(an)徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)無(wu)為縣,浙江省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)杭州市(shi),山西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)榆次市(shi)、太原市(shi)尖草坪區、長(chang)治市(shi),廣(guang)東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),湖北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),江西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),湖南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),臺灣省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),北京市(shi),天津市(shi),重慶市(shi),上海市(shi),香港(gang)特別(bie)行政(zheng)區等地,均有宇(yu)文(wen)氏族人分(fen)布。
趙(zhao)郡:東漢建安年(nian)間(jian)(196年(nian)―219年(nian))設趙(zhao)郡,治(zhi)所(suo)廣阿(今(jin)(jin)邢臺市(shi)隆(long)堯(yao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)),轄地包括(kuo)今(jin)(jin)石家莊(zhuang)趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、高邑縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、贊皇縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和邢臺市(shi)寧晉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、柏鄉(xiang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、臨城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、隆(long)堯(yao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)東部。隋朝時期(qi)移治(zhi)到趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(今(jin)(jin)河北趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian))。
太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府:也(ye)稱太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)郡。戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)秦(qin)莊襄王四年(前(qian)246年)置郡,治所在(zai)晉陽(yang)(今(jin)(jin)山(shan)西太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)),當時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄地在(zai)今(jin)(jin)山(shan)西省(sheng)五(wu)臺山(shan)和(he)管涔山(shan)南部一(yi)帶、霍山(shan)北部一(yi)帶地區(qu)。北魏(wei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)轄地在(zai)今(jin)(jin)山(shan)西省(sheng)陽(yang)曲縣(xian)、交城(cheng)市(shi)、平(ping)遙市(shi)、和(he)順縣(xian)間的(de)晉中一(yi)帶地區(qu)。隋(sui)朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)改(gai)晉陽(yang)為(wei)(wei)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan),又另設晉陽(yang),與太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)同城(cheng)。唐太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府洽也(ye)在(zai)此地。宋太(tai)平(ping)興國(guo)(guo)中期(qi)(980年)改(gai)并州為(wei)(wei)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府,移治陽(yang)曲(今(jin)(jin)山(shan)西太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan))。以(yi)后宋朝(chao)、金國(guo)(guo)的(de)河東(dong)(dong)路、河東(dong)(dong)北路,明、清兩朝(chao)以(yi)來皆(jie)為(wei)(wei)府。民(min)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)改(gai)為(wei)(wei)市(shi),成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)山(shan)西省(sheng)會所在(zai),一(yi)直(zhi)沿(yan)用至今(jin)(jin)。
趙郡堂(tang)(tang):以望立堂(tang)(tang)。
太原堂(tang):以望(wang)立(li)堂(tang)。
四言通用聯
巧(qiao)思博學;善戰(zhan)多謀(mou)。
——上聯(lian)典指隋(sui)(sui)朝時(shi)期的朔方(fang)人宇文(wen)(wen)愷,字(zi)安樂(le)(le),喜讀書(shu),多(duo)技藝,有巧思(si)。隋(sui)(sui)文(wen)(wen)帝(di)時(shi)任營(ying)新都(dou)(dou)副(fu)監,興(xing)建(jian)大興(xing)城,又開鑿廣通渠,決渭水達黃(huang)河,以(yi)便(bian)利漕運;隋(sui)(sui)煬帝(di)時(shi)歷官(guan)營(ying)東(dong)都(dou)(dou)副(fu)監、將(jiang)作大匠、工部尚書(shu),所規劃的東(dong)都(dou)(dou)建(jian)筑極為奢華。著有《東(dong)都(dou)(dou)圖(tu)記》、《明堂(tang)圖(tu)議》等。下聯(lian)典指宇文(wen)(wen)愷之兄宇文(wen)(wen)忻,字(zi)仲(zhong)樂(le)(le),善戰多(duo)謀(mou),曾擊(ji)敗北周(zhou)大將(jiang)尉遲(chi)迥,封英國(guo)公。楊堅建(jian)隋(sui)(sui)朝后一直非常器重他。
折草累(lei)石;正(zheng)色立朝(chao)。
——上聯典指(zhi)南(nan)北朝時期北周的(de)宇文(wen)(wen)深(shen),幼(you)時折草為旗,累石(shi)為營,作軍陣之(zhi)勢(shi)以嬉,日后果為名將。下聯典指(zhi)隋(sui)朝時期的(de)宇文(wen)(wen)弼,隋(sui)開皇初年為尚書左丞,當官正色(se),為百(bai)僚所憚。
五言通用聯
望出太原(yuan)郡(jun);源自宇(yu)文國。
——全聯典指宇(yu)文氏的郡望(wang)和得姓(xing)源流。
六言通用聯
宇宙寥闊萬里;文明昌盛千秋。
——此聯為以鶴頂格鑲嵌宇(yu)文復姓(xing)之“宇(yu)文”二字的(de)嵌字聯。
七言通用聯
觀兒戲(xi)料為良將;立戰(zhan)功得沐侯(hou)封。
——上(shang)(shang)聯(lian)(lian)典指南(nan)北(bei)朝時期北(bei)周(zhou)的武川(chuan)人宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)深,字奴千,幼時曾(ceng)用草、石(shi)擺軍(jun)陣,父親宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)永遇見了大(da)(da)喜,料定(ding)他(ta)日后必為良將(jiang)。后隨北(bei)周(zhou)孝武帝(di)西遷,以都(dou)督領宿衛(wei)兵。北(bei)周(zhou)大(da)(da)統年間官(guan)東雍州刺史,封長樂侯,后官(guan)至司會中大(da)(da)夫。下聯(lian)(lian)典指南(nan)北(bei)朝時期北(bei)周(zhou)的武川(chuan)人宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)虬,字樂仁(ren),少年時從軍(jun),因(yin)戰(zhan)功封南(nan)安侯,官(guan)至驃(piao)騎大(da)(da)將(jiang)軍(jun)、開府儀(yi)同三司。在(zai)戰(zhan)場上(shang)(shang),他(ta)總是身(shen)先(xian)士卒,所以能上(shang)(shang)下同心,戰(zhan)無(wu)不勝。
六(liu)人稱王傳名遠;五州(zhou)總(zong)管播惠長。
——上(shang)(shang)聯典指(zhi)宇文復姓在歷史上(shang)(shang)稱帝(di)者共有六人,創立北周(zhou)王朝(chao)。下聯典指(zhi)南北朝(chao)時期北周(zhou)孝閔帝(di)之子宇文康,字乾定,封紀王,總督(du)利、始等五州大小(xiao)劍(jian)二防(fang)諸(zhu)軍事。
南冠終日囚軍府;北雁何時到上林。
——此聯為金國(guo)的大(da)臣宇文(wen)虛中《在金日作(zuo)三首》詩(shi)句(ju)聯。“囚軍(jun)府(fu)”,指宇文(wen)虛中奉使金國(guo),被留不放還。“上林(lin)”,代(dai)指南宋王朝(chao)。
八言以上通用聯
幼歲攻書,不從(cong)筆硯為(wei)迂(yu)腐;少年受學,惟憑劍(jian)馬取公(gong)侯(hou)。
——上(shang)聯典指隋朝時(shi)期(qi)的大將軍宇文慶事典。下聯典指南北朝時(shi)期(qi)北周的夏州(zhou)名人宇文貴,字永貴,少受學,輟書嘆曰(yue):“男兒當(dang)提劍汗馬以取公(gong)侯(hou),何能為博士?”后(hou)仕魏(wei)為大將軍,屢(lv)著戰功,封許國公(gong)。
家譜文獻
宇文氏族譜,(明)危(wei)素序,明朝年間木刻活(huo)字印本(ben)。現被收藏在中(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)家圖書館、日本(ben)東京國(guo)立博物館。
北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)魏將領(ling)。武(wu)川(今屬內蒙)人。鮮卑族,宇文泰(tai)父。魏明帝時,破六韓拔(ba)陵起義,宇文肱聚兵攻殺破六韓拔(ba)陵部將衛可孤(gu)。遷居(ju)中山(shan)。后(hou)率眾加入鮮于(yu)修禮軍(jun),被魏軍(jun)擊敗,戰死。北(bei)(bei)周追尊為德皇帝。
(489-546),北朝(chao)(chao)西(xi)魏將(jiang)(jiang)領。字澄(cheng)鏡,宇(yu)文(wen)泰族子(zi)。宇(yu)文(wen)測(ce)性沉密,少篤學。起家奉朝(chao)(chao)請、殿中(zhong)侍御史、安東將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)。尚宣武(wu)帝女陽平(ping)公(gong)主,拜駙馬都(dou)尉。從孝(xiao)武(wu)帝西(xi)入關(guan),進(jin)爵為公(gong)。西(xi)魏文(wen)帝大統(tong)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(538),拜侍中(zhong)。六年(nian)(nian)(nian),坐事免。不久,除驃騎大將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、大都(dou)督、行(xing)汾州(zhou)事。八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian),加金紫光祿大夫,轉行(xing)綏州(zhou)事。十年(nian)(nian)(nian),征拜太子(zi)少保。十二年(nian)(nian)(nian)十月,在任去世(shi)。
(498-554),北朝西(xi)魏(wei)將領。好讀書,馳馬(ma)能左(zuo)右(you)射(she)。少襲爵,與(yu)魏(wei)孝武帝(di)(di)(di)有布衣(yi)交,帝(di)(di)(di)用為閣內(nei)大(da)都督。共議西(xi)附宇文(wen)泰(tai),又護帝(di)(di)(di)至關(guan)中。宇文(wen)泰(tai)用為帳(zhang)內(nei)大(da)都督。后進(jin)位(wei)儀同三司、散(san)騎常侍(shi)。魏(wei)恭帝(di)(di)(di)元年去世。
(505-556),北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)魏(wei)、西魏(wei)將(jiang)領。字黑獺,代郡武川(今內蒙(meng)古武川西)人,鮮(xian)卑(bei)族。
(511-554),北朝西魏將(jiang)領。字菩薩,顥子。隨宇文(wen)(wen)泰入關中,西魏文(wen)(wen)帝初為(wei)領軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun),率領禁軍(jun)。泰與(yu)高歡作戰。常留守后(hou)方。大統四(si)年(538),為(wei)華州刺(ci)史。泰軍(jun)在洛陽(yang)(yang)失敗,趙青(qing)雀(que)、于伏德(de)等乘時據長(chang)安、咸陽(yang)(yang)。宇文(wen)(wen)導(dao)由華州率軍(jun)攻破咸陽(yang)(yang),又與(yu)泰合師(shi)收回長(chang)安。后(hou)出守隴右,去(qu)世在上邽,謚孝。
(?-568),北朝北周(zhou)臣。字奴干,測弟(di)。起家秘(mi)書郎。好讀兵(bing)書,有(you)謀略。宇文泰(tai)(tai)(tai)用為相府主簿。為泰(tai)(tai)(tai)籌劃擒竇泰(tai)(tai)(tai)、取弘農及(ji)沙苑(yuan)作戰方(fang)略。封長(chang)樂縣(xian)侯。周(zhou)武帝保(bao)定初(chu),為京兆(zhao)尹,轉(zhuan)司會中大夫(fu)。為政嚴(yan)明(ming),抑制豪右,受人贊譽。
(約515-572),北朝北周權臣。武川(今內蒙(meng)古武川西)人。宇文(wen)泰(tai)之侄。
(531-578),北朝(chao)北周(zhou)將(jiang)(jiang)領。代郡武(wu)川(chuan)(今屬內蒙古)人(ren)。鮮卑族。周(zhou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)泰族子(zi)。父(fu)顯和(he),仕魏,為孝武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)進入關之計(ji)。后(hou)隨從入關。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)神(shen)舉以(yi)(yi)周(zhou)明帝(di)(di)(di)(di)初,起家(jia)中侍(shi)上士。明帝(di)(di)(di)(di)留意文(wen)(wen)(wen)學而神(shen)舉雅好(hao)篇什,常得(de)侍(shi)從。周(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)保定間,歷任(ren)車騎大將(jiang)(jiang)軍、儀同三(san)司(si)諸職。建德元年(nian)為京兆尹,三(san)年(nian),出為熊州刺史(shi)。從周(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)伐齊,齊平,為并州刺史(shi)。宣(xuan)政(zheng)元年(nian)(578),周(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)卒,幽州人(ren)盧昌期、祖(zu)英伯等舉兵反周(zhou),盧思道(dao)亦預其事。神(shen)舉率兵平亂(luan),見思道(dao),令(ling)作(zuo)露布,乃釋其罪(zui)。又從越(yue)王宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)盛平稽胡,敗(bai)突厥。師還,以(yi)(yi)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)時嘗與王軌、宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)孝伯言宣(xuan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)之短(duan)于武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di),兼(jian)以(yi)(yi)功高,宣(xuan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)使人(ren)鴆之,卒于馬邑。史(shi)稱(cheng)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)神(shen)舉“博涉經史(shi),性(xing)愛篇章”。
(534-560),北(bei)朝北(bei)周皇帝(di)。小字統(tong)萬(wan)突。鮮(xian)卑族(zu)。宇(yu)文泰(tai)庶長(chang)子(zi)。西魏大統(tong)十四(si)(si)年(548),封寧都郡公。北(bei)周建(jian)國后任柱國,岐州刺(ci)史。557年被宇(yu)文護(hu)立為天王,宇(yu)文護(hu)輔(fu)政(zheng)專權。559年宇(yu)文護(hu)歸政(zheng),始親政(zheng),稱皇帝(di),改元武成(cheng)(cheng)。仍受(shou)制(zhi)于宇(yu)文護(hu)。武成(cheng)(cheng)二年(560)四(si)(si)月,被宇(yu)文護(hu)毒死。葬昭(zhao)陵。謚明皇帝(di),廟號世(shi)宗。年號武成(cheng)(cheng)。
(542-557),北朝北周創(chuang)建者。字(zi)陁(tuo)羅(luo)尼。鮮(xian)卑族。代(dai)郡(jun)武川(chuan)(今屬內蒙古)人,西(xi)魏(wei)權(quan)臣宇文泰第(di)三子(zi)。
北(bei)朝北(bei)周將領。字樂(le)仁,武(wu)川(今(jin)屬內蒙古)人(ren)。驍悍有(you)(you)膽略。少(shao)從征討(tao),累有(you)(you)戰功,封南(nan)安侯。后為獨(du)孤信帳內都督,隨信奔梁。復回歸,進爵為公(gong)。從復弘農,破沙苑,戰河橋,皆有(you)(you)功,累遷南(nan)秦州刺(ci)(ci)史(shi)、驃騎大將軍(jun)、開府儀同三司。宇(yu)文虬每經戰陣,必(bi)身先士(shi)卒,故上下(xia)同心(xin),戰無不克。后拜(bai)金州刺(ci)(ci)史(shi)、大將軍(jun)卒。
(543-578),北朝(chao)北周皇(huang)帝。小字禰(ni)羅(luo)突。鮮卑族。武(wu)川(今(jin)內蒙(meng)古武(wu)川西)人。宇文泰第(di)四子。
(?-576),北朝北周將領。字永貴(gui),其(qi)先昌黎(今(jin)屬河北)人,后(hou)徙居(ju)夏州(zhou)(今(jin)陜西橫山縣西)。善(shan)騎射,有將帥才。魏(wei)正光末,破六韓拔陵圍夏州(zhou),刺史嬰城固(gu)守,以(yi)貴(gui)為統軍(jun)(jun)。后(hou)從(cong)爾朱榮(rong),以(yi)戰功(gong)封革融縣侯(hou)。大(da)統中,屢著戰功(gong),官(guan)(guan)至(zhi)大(da)將軍(jun)(jun)。周孝閔帝即位,進(jin)位柱國,封許國公,歷官(guan)(guan)大(da)司徒、太保。天和(he)中出(chu)使突(tu)厥,回至(zhi)張(zhang)掖卒。
(543-578),北朝北周臣(chen)。字胡(hu)三,深子(zi)。少(shao)被宇(yu)文(wen)泰撫養。與武帝(di)同日生(sheng),同學,相知(zhi)甚(shen)深。邕(yong)即(ji)位,以與其(qi)共讀為由,引(yin)置左(zuo)右,方得聯絡內外(wai),誅(zhu)殺宇(yu)文(wen)護。為左(zuo)宮正,輔太子(zi)赟,數言(yan)赟過。帝(di)出京(jing),常令其(qi)留守。帝(di)將卒,執手(shou)托以后事,即(ji)令為司衛(wei)上(shang)大(da)夫(fu)。入京(jing)鎮守。宣帝(di)初,為小(xiao)冢(zhong)宰,數言(yan)朝政得失(shi),拒助帝(di)殺齊王憲,賜死。后楊堅(jian)言(yan):若孝(xiao)伯在,己即(ji)無(wu)機遇(yu)。
(544-578),北朝北周宗室。字毗賀突,宇文泰第五子,周武帝宇文邕(yong)弟。性通敏,有度量。
北朝北周宗室。字豆羅突,邕(yong)同(tong)母弟。周初(chu)封衛國公,附宇文護。武(wu)帝(di)天和中與陳軍作戰兵(bing)敗(bai)(bai),免職。遂怨護,助邕(yong)殺護。求為(wei)(wei)大司馬,帝(di)未許。建德三年(574)進爵為(wei)(wei)王。同(tong)年,帝(di)赴云陽宮(gong),直在(zai)長安舉兵(bing)攻宮(gong)城。事敗(bai)(bai),逃至荊州被(bei)擒,免為(wei)(wei)庶人,囚在(zai)別宮(gong)。不久被(bei)殺。
(?-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字侯幼突(tu),宇文泰子。明(ming)帝武成初,封譙國公。武帝天(tian)和(he)中,拜(bai)大將軍,遷柱(zhu)國,出為益州(zhou)總管(guan)。建德三年(574),宇文儉(jian)進爵為王。五年,東(dong)伐,攻(gong)永固城,拔(ba)之。六年,拜(bai)大冢宰。宣政元年(578)二月卒。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室(shi)。字(zi)度斤突,宇文泰子。性果(guo)決,善騎射。明帝(di)(di)武成初,封(feng)代國公。武帝(di)(di)天和(he)元年(566),拜大(da)將軍。建(jian)德(de)初,進(jin)位柱(zhu)國,出(chu)為(wei)荊州刺史。三年(574),進(jin)爵為(wei)王(wang)。出(chu)為(wei)益州總管。宣帝(di)(di)即位,進(jin)位上柱(zhu)國。靜帝(di)(di)大(da)象元年(579),拜大(da)右弼(bi)。二年,為(wei)隋文帝(di)(di)楊(yang)堅所(suo)殺。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室、文人。字豆盧突。代郡武(wu)川(今屬內蒙古)人。鮮卑族。宇文泰(tai)子。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室、文人(ren)。字爾固突。代(dai)郡武川(今(jin)屬內蒙古(gu))人(ren)。鮮(xian)卑(bei)族。宇文泰之(zhi)子。
北朝北周將領。河南洛陽(今屬河南)人(ren)。孝文帝(di)太(tai)和初,為羽林郎將,數有戰(zhan)功(gong)(gong)。魏(wei)遷都洛陽,宇文福奉命規(gui)劃牧地,在黃河南北地近(jin)千里,放養(yang)雜畜。后攻(gong)高車敗,被(bei)貶。宣武帝(di)即位,用為南征統軍,有戰(zhan)功(gong)(gong)。歷任豫、瀛州刺史(shi),太(tai)仆(pu)卿,懷朔鎮(zhen)將。卒于(yu)鎮(zhen),謚貞惠。
(559-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)皇帝(di)(di)。字乾伯。鮮卑族。邕長子(zi)。邕慮其不堪重任,待其嚴格,朝見如(ru)群臣(chen)(chen),有(you)過(guo)則杖(zhang)責。初(chu)即位,下令(ling)嚴律法;任用北(bei)齊官員。殺齊王憲(xian),令(ling)左右密察群臣(chen)(chen)言行。法嚴刑苛,禁(jin)臣(chen)(chen)下有(you)高(gao)大之稱。次年,以子(zi)衍為(wei)皇帝(di)(di),自稱天(tian)元皇帝(di)(di)。大興土木(mu),恣意聲(sheng)色。對(dui)國家典(dian)章制度(du)等,皆有(you)變革。大象二年令(ling)楊(yang)堅出為(wei)揚州總管。事未行,病,召堅入(ru)宮。卒,謚宣帝(di)(di)。
(?-580),北朝(chao)北周宗(zong)室。字(zi)乾(qian)依,武帝(di)(di)宇文邕子(zi),初(chu)封漢國(guo)公。建德三年(nian)(574),進爵為王,仍柱(zhu)國(guo)。靜(jing)帝(di)(di)大象(xiang)二(er)年(nian)(580),楊堅輔政,欲順(shun)物情(qing),乃進宇文贊上柱(zhu)國(guo)、右大丞相。外示尊崇,實無權柄(bing)。后(hou)轉太師。不(bu)久,為堅所(suo)殺(sha)。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)宗室。字乾信,武帝宇文邕子,初封(feng)秦國公。武帝建德三年(nian)(nian)(574),進(jin)爵為王。靜帝大(da)象二年(nian)(nian)(580)五月(yue),進(jin)上柱國。六月(yue),遷大(da)冢宰。八月(yue),進(jin)位(wei)大(da)右弼。不久,為楊(yang)堅所殺。
(?-580),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周(zhou)宗室。字(zi)立(li)久突,宇文(wen)泰子。明(ming)帝(di)武成初,封越國(guo)(guo)公。武帝(di)天和中,進(jin)爵為王。四年(nian)(569),大軍伐齊,宇文(wen)盛為后(hou)一軍總(zong)管(guan)。并州平(ping),進(jin)位上柱國(guo)(guo)。從平(ping)鄴,拜相州總(zong)管(guan)。宣政元年(nian)(578),入為大冢宰。靜(jing)帝(di)大象元年(nian)(579),遷(qian)大前(qian)疑,轉太保。同年(nian)出就國(guo)(guo)。二年(nian),朝(chao)京師(shi)。其秋(qiu),為隋文(wen)帝(di)楊堅(jian)所殺(sha)。
(523-586),隋將(jiang)(jiang)領。京兆(治今(jin)陜(shan)西西安(an))人,本籍朔方(治今(jin)內蒙古烏(wu)審旗南白(bai)城子(zi)),字仲樂(le)。少時即精騎射,慷慨有大志,自謂可(ke)勝過韓信(xin)、白(bai)起、衛青、霍去(qu)病等(deng)名將(jiang)(jiang)。北周(zhou)時,從韋(wei)(wei)孝寬(kuan)守玉壁,從武帝攻拔北齊晉陽,均以驍勇(yong)敢(gan)戰立功。周(zhou)末,從高颎、韋(wei)(wei)孝寬(kuan)破(po)尉遲迥,功為諸將(jiang)(jiang)之最。進封英(ying)國(guo)公。入隋,以宿(su)將(jiang)(jiang)遭忌,乃與梁士彥(yan)等(deng)謀(mou)反,事泄被(bei)殺。
(573-581),北朝北周皇帝(di)(di)。本名衍。鮮卑族。宣(xuan)帝(di)(di)長子。大成元年(nian)(nian)(579),封魯王,不久(jiu)立為皇太子。同年(nian)(nian)二月受父禪即位,年(nian)(nian)僅7歲。改(gai)元大象。外戚楊堅執(zhi)掌(zhang)朝政,恢(hui)復佛(fo)、道兩教,大殺周朝宗(zong)室。大定元年(nian)(nian)(581)二月,被迫(po)禪位于楊堅,封介(jie)國公,北周亡。同年(nian)(nian)五月被殺。葬恭陵。謚靜帝(di)(di)。
隋將(jiang),字神慶,祖籍武川(今屬內蒙古),后(hou)(hou)為(wei)洛陽人,鮮卑族,宇(yu)文氏族子。周初受(shou)業東觀(guan),頗涉經史。后(hou)(hou)應募從征,以功授都(dou)督(du)。復從武帝轉戰各(ge)地,拔高壁(bi),克并州,下信都(dou),功居(ju)諸將(jiang)之首,故進(jin)位(wei)大將(jiang)軍,封汝南郡公。入隋,拜左武衛將(jiang)軍,進(jin)上柱(zhu)國,出(chu)為(wei)涼州總管。后(hou)(hou)還都(dou),卒于家(jia)。
(555-612),隋建筑家。字(zi)安樂,朔方(fang)夏州(今陜西靖邊)人。
(?-616),隋朝將領(ling)。字(zi)伯通,代郡武川(今內蒙古武川南)人,出身鮮卑(bei)貴族。
(?-619),隋代(dai)末年叛(pan)軍(jun)首領。代(dai)郡武(wu)川(chuan)(今(jin)內(nei)蒙古武(wu)川(chuan)西)人。隋大將宇文述之子。
唐將(jiang)領。字仁人,京兆長(chang)安人。父述,為隋(sui)右衛大將(jiang)軍。隋(sui)開皇末(601),封新城縣公。
宇(yu)文(wen)成都,小說(shuo)(shuo)《說(shuo)(shuo)唐(tang)》《忠義響馬傳(chuan)(chuan)》《興(xing)唐(tang)傳(chuan)(chuan)》中人物(wu),宇(yu)文(wen)化及之子(zi)。被隋(sui)(sui)煬帝封(feng)為天(tian)保(bao)大(da)將(jiang)軍之職。兵器鳳翅鎦金镋[tǎng],被稱(cheng)為隋(sui)(sui)唐(tang)第二條好漢(han),在四平山力(li)挫(cuo)三(san)杰。曾在晉陽與李(li)(li)淵之子(zi)李(li)(li)元霸(ba)比武(wu),輸(shu)給(gei)李(li)(li)元霸(ba)。與瓦(wa)崗寨(zhai)英(ying)使一柄鳳翅鎦金镋,重三(san)百二十斤”,傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)為九天(tian)應元雷神普化天(tian)尊轉世。雄為敵,幫助父(fu)奪取隋(sui)(sui)朝天(tian)下,在揚(yang)州被李(li)(li)元霸(ba)所殺。歷(li)史上,宇(yu)文(wen)化及有二子(zi):宇(yu)文(wen)承基、宇(yu)文(wen)承趾,宇(yu)文(wen)化及同時被竇建德(de)斬殺。
(?-約730),唐(tang)臣(chen)。京兆(zhao)萬年(nian)(今陜西西安(an))人(ren)。開(kai)元(yuan)(yuan)初任監察御史。時土(tu)地(di)兼并嚴重(zhong),人(ren)口流(liu)失,稅收受到影響(xiang)。他建議檢括逃亡戶口和籍(ji)外(wai)占田。并自任勸農使,率判官二十(shi)余人(ren)出(chu)使各地(di),清出(chu)客(ke)戶八十(shi)余萬和大量土(tu)地(di)。開(kai)元(yuan)(yuan)十(shi)七年(nian)(729),拜黃門(men)侍郎(lang),同中(zhong)書門(men)下平章事。他善于薦舉人(ren)才,在相(xiang)期間,薦宋璟為(wei)右丞相(xiang)、裴耀卿為(wei)戶部(bu)侍郎(lang)、許景先(xian)為(wei)工部(bu)侍郎(lang)。在相(xiang)位僅百日即罷貶(bian)為(wei)汝州刺史,又流(liu)巖州,卒于途中(zhong)。
唐臣。字周重,河南(nan)(今河南(nan)洛陽)人(ren)。御史中(zhong)丞宇文(wen)邈之子。元和六(liu)年(nian)(811),與(yu)江淮從(cong)事(shi)李公(gong)佐會于(yu)漢南(nan)。長慶(qing)初,任(ren)右拾遺(yi),與(yu)李玨等進(jin)言勸穆宗戒酒(jiu)色。歷倉部(bu)員外郎(lang)、左司員外郎(lang)、吏(li)部(bu)員外郎(lang)。大和三(san)年(nian)(829),自吏(li)部(bu)郎(lang)中(zhong)為(wei)御史中(zhong)丞。又兼(jian)刑部(bu)侍郎(lang)。六(liu)年(nian),為(wei)戶部(bu)侍郎(lang)、判度支(zhi)。出(chu)為(wei)華州(zhou)刺史。八年(nian),坐贓事(shi)貶循州(zhou)刺史。
(1029-1082),北宋學(xue)者。字公(gong)南,漢(han)州(zhou)綿(mian)竹(今屬(shu)四川)人。進士及第,為文(wen)州(zhou)曲水縣令。神宗即位,上疏言(yan)政事(shi),不(bu)報,遂以太子中允致仕。自強于學(xue),不(bu)易其志(zhi),退居十五年,常(chang)為經史琴酒之樂,學(xue)者稱止(zhi)止(zhi)先生(sheng)。司馬光、范(fan)鎮等盛譽之,以為“位下(xia)而(er)言(yan)高,學(xue)富而(er)行篤(du)”。元豐五年卒。著有《止(zhi)止(zhi)先生(sheng)宇(yu)文(wen)公(gong)集》二十二卷,今已佚。
(?-1139),宋臣。字仲達,一作仲理(li),成都華陽(yang)(今四(si)川(chuan)雙(shuang)流)人(ren)。崇(chong)寧二年(nian)(1103)進士(shi)。入仕后(hou)曾任(ren)中(zhong)書舍(she)人(ren)、翰林學士(shi)承旨等職。宣(xuan)和六年(nian)(1124)官至尚書右丞。后(hou)出為地方官。南(nan)宋初知濮州時(shi)被俘,金人(ren)嘉其(qi)忠義放歸,乃以(yi)光(guang)祿大夫出知潼川(chuan)府(fu)。紹興元年(nian)(1131)辭官,以(yi)其(qi)弟宇文時(shi)中(zhong)代(dai)理(li)府(fu)事。從此閑居至卒。
(1079-1146),金臣。字叔通,宇文粹中(zhong)之弟(di)。
南宋臣。字(zi)挺(ting)臣,顯謨閣(ge)待(dai)制(zhi)宇(yu)文師瑗養子。成(cheng)都廣都(今四川雙流)人。初補(bu)官(guan)仕州縣。舉(ju)進士(shi)(shi)。累遷寶謨閣(ge)待(dai)制(zhi)、知廬州。時,韓侂胄方議舉(ju)兵北伐。紹節(jie)致書(shu)(shu)侂胄,認為有(you)(you)復(fu)仇(chou)(chou)之志(zhi),無復(fu)仇(chou)(chou)之略;有(you)(you)開邊之害,無開邊之利,不(bu)量國(guo)力,冒險進取。侂胄見書(shu)(shu)不(bu)樂。召還,以寶文閣(ge)待(dai)制(zhi)知鎮江(jiang)(jiang)府。除湖北京西宣撫使,知江(jiang)(jiang)陵府。統(tong)制(zhi)官(guan)高(gao)悅(yue)肆意殺掠,紹節(jie)召至,收其部曲,旋有(you)(you)人控訴悅(yue)縱所部剽劫者,加以杖殺,兵民皆(jie)歡喜(xi)。官(guan)至端(duan)明殿學士(shi)(shi)、簽(qian)書(shu)(shu)樞密(mi)院事(shi),卒。謚(shi)忠惠。
元文(wen)學家。字(zi)子貞,成都(dou)人(ren),后徙吳興(今(jin)浙江湖州)。元統進士。
其他宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有晉宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鮮卑族首領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫槐、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫廆(hui)、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)屈(qu)云、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜尼(ni)延、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得歸、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸;南北(bei)朝東(dong)魏史學家宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)忠(zhong)之,西魏將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洛生、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)顥(hao),北(bei)周(zhou)大(da)臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)純(chun)、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寔(shi)、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)興、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)貞、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)賢、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)善(shan),將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亮(liang)、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)延、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)安慶(qing)、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)椿;隋大(da)臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)弼(bi)、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)靜禮、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)皛(jiong)、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)智及,將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)協;唐(tang)大(da)臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穎、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節;宋大(da)臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌齡、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)常(chang),學者(zhe)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)紹奕(yi)、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)懋昭等(deng)。近當代宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有經濟學家宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)舉(ju),畫家宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洲,歌唱演員(yuan)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)永清等(deng)
1940年生于吉林(lin)龍井,1958年考入東(dong)北(bei)師(shi)范大學(xue)美術系學(xue)習。1965年畢(bi)業分配(pei)到北(bei)京畫院工作(zuo)(zuo)。作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)以青綠山(shan)水(shui)(shui)創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)為主(zhu)。其創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)力(li)求把水(shui)(shui)墨山(shan)水(shui)(shui)和重(zhong)彩(cai)青綠山(shan)水(shui)(shui)融為一(yi)體(ti)作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)構(gou)圖飽(bao)滿。氣勢雄偉。現(xian)為北(bei)京畫院專業畫家(jia)。國(guo)家(jia)一(yi)級(ji)美術師(shi)。北(bei)京中(zhong)國(guo)畫研(yan)究會(hui)會(hui)長(chang)。中(zhong)國(guo)美術家(jia)協會(hui)會(hui)員。