宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(yǔ wén)為復姓,炎帝神(shen)農氏(shi)后裔。主要來源中(zhong)國遼東,為南(nan)單于之后。魏晉(jin)(jin)時(shi),北(bei)方鮮卑族宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)部落(luo),自稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)姓。東晉(jin)(jin)時(shi),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)進駐中(zhong)原,稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)國,以宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)為姓,稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)。
宇文姓早期(qi)活動在西(xi)北(bei)地(di)區,南(nan)北(bei)朝時期(qi)逐步南(nan)下內遷。唐代時,他們入地(di)為籍,遍及中原各地(di)。宋后宇文氏已不(bu)常見。如今在河北(bei)、陜西(xi)、山西(xi)、北(bei)京、浙(zhe)江、四川(chuan)、臺灣(wan)等地(di)有少量(liang)分(fen)布。宇文姓人(ren)(ren)口排名第551位,人(ren)(ren)口約(yue)2.1萬人(ren)(ren)。
來自匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)族,出自魏、晉時期遼東匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)南單于之后(hou),屬(shu)于漢化改姓為氏(shi)。
魏、晉兩朝時(shi)期,北方鮮卑民族中有一(yi)宇(yu)文氏(shi)(shi)部落(luo),原來(lai)是漢(han)朝時(shi)期南匈奴的(de)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)分支,在(zai)東漢(han)晚期至(zhi)三國初期形成一(yi)個(ge)(ge)部落(luo)群體,族人自稱是炎帝神(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)的(de)后裔。歷史(shi)上記載宇(yu)文部最(zui)早起源(yuan)的(de)是史(shi)籍《周書》,其(qi)中稱宇(yu)文部源(yuan)自神(shen)農氏(shi)(shi),因此應(ying)當(dang)來(lai)源(yuan)姜姓。
中(zhong)國的(de)史(shi)(shi)學界一(yi)(yi)般(ban)認(ren)為(wei)(wei),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)是公元(yuan)1世(shi)紀時(shi)北(bei)(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)被(bei)東(dong)漢擊走西(xi)遷(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),留在(zai)(zai)故地(di)(di)漠北(bei)(bei)的(de)部(bu)(bu)眾東(dong)遷(qian)與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)人(ren)混居(ju)(ju)以(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)被(bei)同化的(de)族(zu)群,在(zai)(zai)這段期間該部(bu)(bu)曾參加鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)首領檀(tan)石槐的(de)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)聯盟(meng),首領成為(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)大(da)人(ren)。因(yin)此(ci),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)是源自(zi)(zi)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)而后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)揉(rou)合了(le)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)血統的(de)部(bu)(bu)族(zu)。據(ju)史(shi)(shi)籍《后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)漢書(shu)》記(ji)載,東(dong)漢和帝年間,當時(shi)的(de)大(da)將軍竇憲派右校尉耿夔(kui)擊破北(bei)(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu),“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)因(yin)此(ci)轉(zhuan)徙(xi)據(ju)其(qi)地(di)(di)。匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)余(yu)種(zhong)留者尚有(you)十余(yu)萬落(luo)(luo)(luo),皆自(zi)(zi)號鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)。”在(zai)(zai)史(shi)(shi)籍《魏書(shu)》中(zhong)也認(ren)為(wei)(wei)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)是“匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)種(zhong),出于遼(liao)東(dong)塞外(wai),其(qi)先南單于遠屬也,世(shi)為(wei)(wei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)大(da)人(ren)。其(qi)語與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)頗(po)異。”按(an)史(shi)(shi)書(shu)的(de)記(ji)載:宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)氏部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)首領的(de)祖(zu)先叫葛烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)(tu),其(qi)先出自(zi)(zi)炎帝神農氏,為(wei)(wei)黃帝所滅,子孫(sun)遁居(ju)(ju)朔(shuo)野為(wei)(wei)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)苗裔,實際(ji)上就是南匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)某個單于的(de)庶(shu)支后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)裔。葛烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)(tu)是公元(yuan)一(yi)(yi)世(shi)紀人(ren),原居(ju)(ju)陰山(shan),是鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)的(de)始祖(zu),東(dong)漢后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期起其(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)裔子孫(sun)世(shi)襲為(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)大(da)人(ren)。在(zai)(zai)史(shi)(shi)籍《周(zhou)書(shu)·文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)帝紀》中(zhong)記(ji)載:“葛烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)(tu)雄武多算略,鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)慕之,奉以(yi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),遂為(wei)(wei)十二(er)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo),世(shi)為(wei)(wei)大(da)人(ren)。”葛烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)(tu)之后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)曰普(pu)回,普(pu)回有(you)子宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei),約在(zai)(zai)公元(yuan)一(yi)(yi)世(shi)紀北(bei)(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)西(xi)遷(qian)時(shi),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei)則(ze)自(zi)(zi)陰山(shan)率領下(xia)屬十二(er)部(bu)(bu)南下(xia)遷(qian)至(zhi)遼(liao)西(xi)地(di)(di)區,之后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei)從附屬匈(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)的(de)關系中(zhong)脫離獨立,號稱“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)俟(si)汾(fen)氏”。“俟(si)汾(fen)”是鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)語“天(tian)王”之意。俟(si)汾(fen)部(bu)(bu)日漸強盛后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei)的(de)慕僚建(jian)議改“天(tian)王”為(wei)(wei)姓,但(dan)為(wei)(wei)忌諱晉室,換“天(tian)王”為(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”,當時(shi)的(de)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)十二(er)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)中(zhong)已經蘊涵了(le)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來的(de)庫莫(mo)(mo)奚部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)和契丹部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei)則(ze)被(bei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來南北(bei)(bei)朝時(shi)期的(de)北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)政權尊為(wei)(wei)獻侯,并(bing)奉為(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)皇室的(de)始祖(zu)。
按史籍《周書》的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)載:葛(ge)烏(wu)菟的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)代(dai)(dai)普回襲任大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)之(zhi)職后(hou)(hou),他在(zai)(zai)(zai)打(da)獵時(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)河(he)邊(bian)拾到一(yi)(yi)顆玉璽(xi),上(shang)刻“皇帝(di)璽(xi)”三字,大(da)(da)(da)喜之(zhi)下(xia)自(zi)(zi)以(yi)為(wei)是天授神權,當(dang)(dang)地(di)人(ren)呼天為(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)”,呼君為(wei)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”,“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”意即(ji)“天子”。于是,這位(wei)普回大(da)(da)(da)人(ren)便自(zi)(zi)己號(hao)稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)氏,而(er)自(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)就叫作宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。當(dang)(dang)然,后(hou)(hou)世(shi)史學家(jia)認為(wei)這純粹是牽強附會之(zhi)說。到了(le)東(dong)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)期,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)據(ju)中(zhong)原,號(hao)稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)國。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫那之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)有(you)數(shu)代(dai)(dai)首(shou)領(ling)在(zai)(zai)(zai)史書中(zhong)沒(mei)有(you)任何記(ji)(ji)載,一(yi)(yi)直到西晉(jin)(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)期以(yi)后(hou)(hou)才有(you)記(ji)(ji)事。在(zai)(zai)(zai)史籍《魏書》中(zhong),記(ji)(ji)載了(le)當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)習俗(su)“人(ren)皆剪發(fa)而(er)留其(qi)頂上(shang),以(yi)為(wei)首(shou)飾,長(chang)(chang)(chang)過數(shu)寸則截短(duan)之(zhi)。婦(fu)女披長(chang)(chang)(chang)襦及足(zu),而(er)無裳焉。”部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族人(ren)有(you)髡發(fa)習俗(su),婦(fu)女是穿(chuan)著連身的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)襖,與(yu)漢族下(xia)身做(zuo)(zuo)長(chang)(chang)(chang)裙的(de)(de)(de)打(da)扮(ban)大(da)(da)(da)不同。另(ling)外,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族人(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)秋(qiu)天的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候會去采收一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)稱作“烏(wu)頭”的(de)(de)(de)有(you)毒(du)植物制成毒(du)藥,做(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)射獵禽獸之(zhi)用。鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)族宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)逐漸繁榮興(xing)盛,一(yi)(yi)直至東(dong)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)五(wu)胡(hu)十(shi)六(liu)國前期為(wei)止,特別是在(zai)(zai)(zai)西晉(jin)(jin)(jin)以(yi)后(hou)(hou)較為(wei)強盛之(zhi)時(shi)(shi),地(di)點約在(zai)(zai)(zai)濡源(今河(he)北灤(luan)河(he)上(shang)游)以(yi)東(dong)、柳城(今遼寧朝陽)以(yi)西一(yi)(yi)帶的(de)(de)(de)廣大(da)(da)(da)地(di)區,與(yu)同期存在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)、段部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)相同,都(dou)屬于東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)支系。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)西晉(jin)(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)幾代(dai)(dai)首(shou)領(ling)與(yu)拓跋(ba)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)關系較佳,兩個(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族間時(shi)(shi)有(you)通婚(hun)。進(jin)入五(wu)胡(hu)十(shi)六(liu)國時(shi)(shi)期后(hou)(hou),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾(ceng)依附勢力(li)強大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)趙政權。但宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)之(zhi)間卻是一(yi)(yi)直存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著不斷的(de)(de)(de)爭斗,且(qie)連續有(you)數(shu)位(wei)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)首(shou)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫珪、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜昵延(yan)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞(qi)得(de)龜、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆(dou)歸都(dou)曾(ceng)為(wei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所敗(bai)(bai),在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)咸和九年(nian)(nian)或東(dong)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)咸康元年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元344/345年(nian)(nian))的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)次決定性戰役中(zhong),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)終于被(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所建立的(de)(de)(de)前燕(yan)政權擊(ji)敗(bai)(bai),部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾被(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)首(shou)領(ling)分散遷移,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)滅亡(wang)。
鮮卑宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)部的族(zu)(zu)人以及后來北周(zhou)政權的皇族(zu)(zu)貴胄和一些(xie)臣子(zi)國民,都以“宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)“為(wei)姓氏(shi)(shi),稱宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)(shi),后逐漸融入漢族(zu)(zu),將宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)(shi)復姓也(ye)帶入漢族(zu)(zu)之中,后有(you)省文(wen)簡改為(wei)單(dan)姓宇(yu)(yu)氏(shi)(shi)、文(wen)氏(shi)(shi)者,也(ye)有(you)改單(dan)姓為(wei)尚氏(shi)(shi)、趙(zhao)氏(shi)(shi)、胡氏(shi)(shi)、李氏(shi)(shi)者,皆世代相傳(chuan)至(zhi)今。
來自嬴(ying)姓,出自南北朝時期(qi)北周政權大臣趙文表、趙昶之后,屬于帝(di)王賜(si)改姓為氏。
南(nan)北(bei)朝時(shi)期,有北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)大(da)都督(du)趙文(wen)表(biao)、北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)長(chang)道郡公(gong)趙昶,這(zhe)二(er)(er)人(ren)都是北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)武帝(di)宇文(wen)邕(561年―578年在(zai)位)的親信大(da)將。趙文(wen)表(biao)追隨許國公(gong)宇文(wen)貴鎮守蜀(shu)地,行昌(chang)城郡事,官(guan)至加中(zhong)軍將軍,左金紫光祿(lu)大(da)夫(fu)。趙昶居(ju)將帥之任,傾(qing)心下士。虜獲(huo)氐(di)、羌,撫(fu)而使之,皆(jie)為趙昶盡力。后(hou)(hou)錄前后(hou)(hou)功(gong),進(jin)爵長(chang)道郡公(gong),征拜賓部(bu)中(zhong)大(da)夫(fu),行吏部(bu)事。這(zhe)二(er)(er)人(ren)皆(jie)被北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)武帝(di)賜姓(xing)為宇文(wen)氏。
在(zai)趙(zhao)文表、趙(zhao)昶的后(hou)裔子(zi)孫中,有(you)以先祖(zu)受賜姓氏承襲者,都稱宇(yu)文氏,世代相傳至今。
宇(yu)文氏(shi)復姓(xing)氏(shi)典(dian)型(xing)的北方少數(shu)民(min)族(zu)(zu)漢化(hua)姓(xing)氏(shi),在(zai)中(zhong)國的大(da)陸與(yu)臺灣省都未進入前三(san)百(bai)大(da)姓(xing),在(zai)宋版《百(bai)家(jia)姓(xing)》中(zhong)排序(xu)為第四(si)百(bai)三(san)十四(si)位門閥。宇(yu)文姓(xing)早期活動在(zai)西北地(di)(di)區,南北朝時期逐步南下內(nei)遷,除在(zai)遼寧、內(nei)蒙古、山西、陜西等地(di)(di)分布外,在(zai)河南洛陽等地(di)(di)形成宇(yu)文氏(shi)皇族(zu)(zu)聚集地(di)(di)。唐代時,他們入地(di)(di)為籍,遍及中(zhong)原各(ge)地(di)(di)。宋后(hou)宇(yu)文氏(shi)已不常(chang)見。如今(jin)在(zai)北京、河南、陜西、浙江、四(si)川、臺灣等地(di)(di)有少量分布。現今(jin)宇(yu)文姓(xing)人(ren)口沒有進入全國前三(san)百(bai)位。
今陜西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)咸陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)及興平(ping)市(shi)(shi)(shi)、乾縣(xian)(xian)、長武縣(xian)(xian),河(he)北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)行(xing)唐縣(xian)(xian)、張家口市(shi)(shi)(shi)、石家莊(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)(shi),遼寧省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)大連市(shi)(shi)(shi),山東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)煙臺市(shi)(shi)(shi),四(si)川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)南部縣(xian)(xian),河(he)南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)欒(luan)川縣(xian)(xian)、洛陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)、安(an)陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi),江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)南京市(shi)(shi)(shi),安(an)徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)無為(wei)縣(xian)(xian),浙江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)杭(hang)州市(shi)(shi)(shi),山西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)榆次市(shi)(shi)(shi)、太原(yuan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)尖草坪區(qu)、長治市(shi)(shi)(shi),廣(guang)東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),湖北省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),湖南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),臺灣省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),北京市(shi)(shi)(shi),天津(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi),重慶市(shi)(shi)(shi),上海市(shi)(shi)(shi),香港特(te)別行(xing)政區(qu)等地,均有宇文氏(shi)族(zu)人分布。
趙(zhao)(zhao)郡:東漢建安年間(196年―219年)設(she)趙(zhao)(zhao)郡,治所廣阿(今(jin)邢臺市隆(long)(long)堯縣(xian)(xian)(xian)),轄地包括今(jin)石(shi)家莊趙(zhao)(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、高(gao)邑(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、贊(zan)皇縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和邢臺市寧晉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、柏鄉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、臨(lin)城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、隆(long)(long)堯縣(xian)(xian)(xian)東部(bu)。隋朝時(shi)期移治到(dao)趙(zhao)(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(今(jin)河北趙(zhao)(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian))。
太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府:也稱太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)郡。戰(zhan)國(guo)時期(qi)秦莊襄王四年(nian)(前246年(nian))置郡,治(zhi)所在(zai)晉(jin)陽(yang)(yang)(今山(shan)西太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)),當(dang)時轄(xia)地在(zai)今山(shan)西省(sheng)五(wu)臺山(shan)和管涔山(shan)南部(bu)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)、霍山(shan)北(bei)部(bu)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)地區。北(bei)魏時期(qi)轄(xia)地在(zai)今山(shan)西省(sheng)陽(yang)(yang)曲縣、交(jiao)城(cheng)市(shi)、平遙市(shi)、和順(shun)縣間的晉(jin)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)地區。隋朝(chao)時期(qi)改(gai)晉(jin)陽(yang)(yang)為太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan),又另(ling)設(she)晉(jin)陽(yang)(yang),與太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)同城(cheng)。唐太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府洽(qia)也在(zai)此地。宋太(tai)平興國(guo)中(zhong)期(qi)(980年(nian))改(gai)并州為太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府,移治(zhi)陽(yang)(yang)曲(今山(shan)西太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan))。以(yi)后宋朝(chao)、金國(guo)的河東路、河東北(bei)路,明(ming)、清兩(liang)朝(chao)以(yi)來皆(jie)為府。民(min)國(guo)時期(qi)改(gai)為市(shi),成(cheng)為山(shan)西省(sheng)會(hui)所在(zai),一(yi)(yi)直沿(yan)用至(zhi)今。
趙郡堂(tang):以望立堂(tang)。
太原堂:以望立堂。
四言通用聯
巧(qiao)思博學;善戰多謀。
——上聯典(dian)指(zhi)隋朝時期的朔方人宇(yu)(yu)文愷,字安樂(le)(le),喜讀(du)書(shu),多技藝,有(you)巧(qiao)思。隋文帝時任營新都副監,興建(jian)(jian)(jian)大興城,又(you)開(kai)鑿廣通(tong)渠,決渭水(shui)達(da)黃河,以便(bian)利(li)漕運;隋煬帝時歷(li)官營東都副監、將(jiang)作大匠、工部尚(shang)書(shu),所規劃的東都建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑極為(wei)奢華。著有(you)《東都圖(tu)記》、《明堂(tang)圖(tu)議》等。下聯典(dian)指(zhi)宇(yu)(yu)文愷之兄宇(yu)(yu)文忻,字仲樂(le)(le),善(shan)戰多謀,曾擊敗北周大將(jiang)尉(wei)遲迥(jiong),封(feng)英(ying)國公。楊(yang)堅建(jian)(jian)(jian)隋朝后(hou)一(yi)直非常器重他(ta)。
折草累石;正(zheng)色(se)立(li)朝。
——上聯(lian)典(dian)指南北(bei)朝時期北(bei)周的宇文深,幼(you)時折草為(wei)旗,累石為(wei)營,作軍(jun)陣之勢以(yi)嬉,日后(hou)果為(wei)名將。下聯(lian)典(dian)指隋朝時期的宇文弼,隋開(kai)皇(huang)初年為(wei)尚(shang)書左(zuo)丞,當官正(zheng)色,為(wei)百(bai)僚(liao)所憚。
五言通用聯
望(wang)出(chu)太原郡;源自宇文國。
——全聯典指(zhi)宇文(wen)氏的郡(jun)望和(he)得姓源流。
六言通用聯
宇(yu)宙寥闊萬里;文明昌(chang)盛千秋。
——此聯為以鶴頂格鑲嵌宇文(wen)復姓之“宇文(wen)”二字(zi)的嵌字(zi)聯。
七言通用聯
觀兒(er)戲料(liao)為良(liang)將;立戰功得沐(mu)侯(hou)封。
——上聯典指(zhi)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)的武川人宇(yu)文深(shen),字(zi)奴千,幼(you)時(shi)(shi)曾用草、石擺軍(jun)陣,父親(qin)宇(yu)文永遇(yu)見了大(da)喜,料定他日后(hou)必為(wei)良將(jiang)。后(hou)隨北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)孝武帝西遷,以都督領宿(su)衛兵。北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)大(da)統年間官東雍州刺(ci)史,封(feng)長樂侯(hou),后(hou)官至(zhi)(zhi)司會中大(da)夫。下(xia)聯典指(zhi)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)的武川人宇(yu)文虬(qiu),字(zi)樂仁,少年時(shi)(shi)從軍(jun),因戰(zhan)功封(feng)南(nan)(nan)安侯(hou),官至(zhi)(zhi)驃騎大(da)將(jiang)軍(jun)、開府儀(yi)同三司。在(zai)戰(zhan)場(chang)上,他總是身先(xian)士卒,所以能(neng)上下(xia)同心,戰(zhan)無不(bu)勝。
六人稱王(wang)傳名遠(yuan);五州總(zong)管(guan)播(bo)惠長(chang)。
——上聯典指(zhi)宇文(wen)復姓在歷史上稱帝者(zhe)共有六人(ren),創立北(bei)周王(wang)朝。下聯典指(zhi)南北(bei)朝時期北(bei)周孝閔(min)帝之子宇文(wen)康,字乾定,封紀(ji)王(wang),總督利(li)、始(shi)等五州大小劍二(er)防諸(zhu)軍事。
南冠終日(ri)囚軍府;北雁何(he)時到(dao)上(shang)林(lin)。
——此聯(lian)為(wei)金(jin)國(guo)的(de)大(da)臣宇文虛中(zhong)《在金(jin)日作三(san)首》詩句聯(lian)。“囚軍(jun)府”,指宇文虛中(zhong)奉(feng)使金(jin)國(guo),被(bei)留不放還。“上(shang)林”,代指南宋王朝。
八言以上通用聯
幼歲攻(gong)書,不(bu)從筆硯(yan)為(wei)迂腐;少年受學,惟憑(ping)劍馬取(qu)公侯。
——上聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)隋朝(chao)時(shi)期的大將(jiang)軍宇文(wen)慶事(shi)典(dian)。下(xia)聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)南北(bei)朝(chao)時(shi)期北(bei)周的夏州名人宇文(wen)貴(gui),字永貴(gui),少(shao)受學,輟書嘆曰:“男(nan)兒(er)當提(ti)劍(jian)汗馬以取公侯,何能為博士?”后仕魏為大將(jiang)軍,屢著戰功,封許國公。
家譜文獻
宇文氏族譜,(明)危素序,明朝(chao)年間(jian)木(mu)刻活字印本。現被收藏在中國國家圖書(shu)館(guan)、日(ri)本東京國立(li)博物館(guan)。
北朝北魏(wei)將領。武川(今屬內蒙(meng))人。鮮卑族(zu),宇(yu)文(wen)泰父。魏(wei)明帝時,破(po)六韓拔陵(ling)起義,宇(yu)文(wen)肱(gong)聚兵攻殺破(po)六韓拔陵(ling)部(bu)將衛可孤。遷(qian)居中山。后率眾(zhong)加(jia)入鮮于修禮軍,被魏(wei)軍擊敗,戰死。北周追尊為德(de)皇帝。
(489-546),北朝西(xi)(xi)魏(wei)將領。字澄鏡,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)泰(tai)族(zu)子。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)測性沉密,少(shao)篤學。起家奉朝請、殿(dian)中侍(shi)御史、安東將軍。尚宣武帝女陽平公主(zhu),拜(bai)(bai)駙馬(ma)都尉(wei)。從孝武帝西(xi)(xi)入關,進爵為(wei)公。西(xi)(xi)魏(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)帝大(da)(da)統四年(nian)(538),拜(bai)(bai)侍(shi)中。六年(nian),坐事(shi)免(mian)。不久,除驃騎大(da)(da)將軍、大(da)(da)都督、行(xing)汾州(zhou)事(shi)。八年(nian),加(jia)金紫光(guang)祿大(da)(da)夫,轉(zhuan)行(xing)綏州(zhou)事(shi)。十年(nian),征拜(bai)(bai)太子少(shao)保。十二(er)年(nian)十月,在任去(qu)世(shi)。
(498-554),北朝西魏將領。好讀書,馳馬能左右射。少襲爵,與魏孝武(wu)帝有(you)布衣交,帝用(yong)為閣(ge)內大(da)都(dou)督。共議西附宇文泰(tai),又護帝至關中。宇文泰(tai)用(yong)為帳內大(da)都(dou)督。后進位儀同三司、散騎(qi)常侍。魏恭帝元年去世。
(505-556),北朝北魏、西魏將(jiang)領。字黑獺,代郡武(wu)川(今內蒙古武(wu)川西)人,鮮卑(bei)族。
(511-554),北朝西魏將(jiang)領。字(zi)菩薩,顥(hao)子。隨宇(yu)文泰(tai)入關中,西魏文帝初為領軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun),率領禁軍(jun)。泰(tai)與高歡作戰。常留守后(hou)方。大統四年(538),為華州刺史。泰(tai)軍(jun)在(zai)洛(luo)陽失(shi)敗,趙青雀、于(yu)伏德等乘時據長(chang)安(an)、咸陽。宇(yu)文導由華州率軍(jun)攻(gong)破咸陽,又與泰(tai)合(he)師收回長(chang)安(an)。后(hou)出守隴右,去世在(zai)上邽,謚孝。
(?-568),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周臣。字奴干,測弟。起家秘書郎。好讀兵書,有謀(mou)略。宇文泰(tai)用為(wei)相府主簿。為(wei)泰(tai)籌劃擒竇(dou)泰(tai)、取(qu)弘農及沙(sha)苑作戰方略。封長(chang)樂縣(xian)侯。周武帝保定(ding)初(chu),為(wei)京(jing)兆(zhao)尹(yin),轉司會中大(da)夫。為(wei)政嚴明,抑制豪右(you),受人贊(zan)譽。
(約515-572),北朝北周權臣。武川(今(jin)內(nei)蒙古武川西)人。宇(yu)文(wen)泰(tai)之侄。
(531-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)將領。代郡武(wu)(wu)(wu)川(chuan)(今屬內蒙(meng)古)人(ren)。鮮卑(bei)族(zu)。周(zhou)文(wen)帝(di)(di)宇文(wen)泰族(zu)子。父顯和,仕魏(wei),為孝武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)進入關(guan)之(zhi)計。后隨從入關(guan)。宇文(wen)神(shen)(shen)(shen)舉(ju)以周(zhou)明(ming)帝(di)(di)初,起家中侍上士(shi)。明(ming)帝(di)(di)留意文(wen)學而神(shen)(shen)(shen)舉(ju)雅(ya)好(hao)篇什,常得侍從。周(zhou)武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)保(bao)定間,歷任車騎大將軍、儀同三司諸職(zhi)。建(jian)德元年(nian)(nian)為京兆尹(yin),三年(nian)(nian),出為熊州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。從周(zhou)武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)伐(fa)齊(qi),齊(qi)平,為并州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。宣(xuan)政元年(nian)(nian)(578),周(zhou)武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)卒(zu),幽州(zhou)人(ren)盧昌期、祖英伯(bo)等(deng)舉(ju)兵(bing)反周(zhou),盧思道亦預其事(shi)。神(shen)(shen)(shen)舉(ju)率(lv)兵(bing)平亂,見思道,令作露布,乃釋其罪(zui)。又從越王(wang)宇文(wen)盛平稽胡,敗突厥(jue)。師還,以武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)時嘗與王(wang)軌、宇文(wen)孝伯(bo)言宣(xuan)帝(di)(di)之(zhi)短于武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di),兼以功高(gao),宣(xuan)帝(di)(di)使人(ren)鴆之(zhi),卒(zu)于馬邑。史(shi)稱宇文(wen)神(shen)(shen)(shen)舉(ju)“博涉經史(shi),性愛(ai)篇章(zhang)”。
(534-560),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)皇帝(di)。小字統萬突。鮮卑族。宇文(wen)(wen)泰庶長子。西魏大統十四年(nian)(nian)(548),封(feng)寧都郡公(gong)。北(bei)周(zhou)建國后任(ren)柱(zhu)國,岐州刺(ci)史。557年(nian)(nian)被(bei)宇文(wen)(wen)護(hu)立為天王,宇文(wen)(wen)護(hu)輔政專權(quan)。559年(nian)(nian)宇文(wen)(wen)護(hu)歸政,始親(qin)政,稱皇帝(di),改元(yuan)武成。仍受制于(yu)宇文(wen)(wen)護(hu)。武成二年(nian)(nian)(560)四月,被(bei)宇文(wen)(wen)護(hu)毒(du)死(si)。葬昭(zhao)陵。謚明皇帝(di),廟號世宗(zong)。年(nian)(nian)號武成。
(542-557),北朝北周創建者(zhe)。字陁(tuo)羅尼。鮮(xian)卑族。代(dai)郡武川(今(jin)屬內蒙古)人,西魏權(quan)臣宇文泰第(di)三子。
北朝北周將(jiang)領。字樂(le)仁(ren),武川(chuan)(今屬內蒙古(gu))人。驍悍有(you)膽略。少(shao)從征討,累(lei)有(you)戰(zhan)功,封南(nan)安侯。后為獨孤信帳內都督(du),隨信奔(ben)梁。復回歸,進爵為公。從復弘農(nong),破沙苑,戰(zhan)河(he)橋,皆有(you)功,累(lei)遷(qian)南(nan)秦(qin)州刺史、驃騎大將(jiang)軍、開(kai)府儀同(tong)三司。宇文(wen)虬(qiu)每經戰(zhan)陣,必身先(xian)士卒,故上下同(tong)心,戰(zhan)無不克(ke)。后拜金州刺史、大將(jiang)軍卒。
(543-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周皇帝。小(xiao)字禰(ni)羅突。鮮卑族。武川(今內蒙(meng)古武川西)人。宇(yu)文泰第(di)四子(zi)。
(?-576),北朝北周(zhou)將(jiang)領。字永貴,其先(xian)昌黎(今(jin)屬河北)人,后徙居夏州(zhou)(今(jin)陜(shan)西(xi)橫(heng)山縣西(xi))。善騎(qi)射,有(you)將(jiang)帥才。魏正光末,破六韓拔陵圍夏州(zhou),刺史(shi)嬰城固守,以(yi)貴為統(tong)軍。后從爾朱榮,以(yi)戰(zhan)功封(feng)革融(rong)縣侯。大統(tong)中,屢著(zhu)戰(zhan)功,官至大將(jiang)軍。周(zhou)孝(xiao)閔帝即位(wei),進位(wei)柱(zhu)國,封(feng)許國公(gong),歷官大司徒(tu)、太保。天和中出(chu)使突厥,回至張(zhang)掖卒。
(543-578),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周臣。字胡三,深子。少被(bei)宇文(wen)泰(tai)撫養。與武帝(di)(di)同(tong)日生,同(tong)學,相知(zhi)甚深。邕即位,以與其共讀為(wei)由,引置左(zuo)右(you),方(fang)得聯絡內外,誅(zhu)殺宇文(wen)護。為(wei)左(zuo)宮(gong)正,輔(fu)太子赟(yun),數言赟(yun)過。帝(di)(di)出京,常令其留(liu)守(shou)。帝(di)(di)將卒(zu),執手托以后事,即令為(wei)司衛上大夫。入(ru)京鎮守(shou)。宣帝(di)(di)初,為(wei)小冢宰,數言朝(chao)政得失,拒助帝(di)(di)殺齊王憲,賜(si)死。后楊堅言:若孝(xiao)伯在(zai),己即無機遇。
(544-578),北朝北周宗室。字毗賀(he)突,宇(yu)文泰(tai)第五子,周武(wu)帝宇(yu)文邕弟。性通敏,有(you)度量。
北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗(zong)室。字豆羅突(tu),邕(yong)同(tong)母弟。周初封衛國(guo)公,附宇(yu)文護(hu)(hu)。武帝(di)天和中與陳軍作戰兵敗(bai),免(mian)職(zhi)。遂怨護(hu)(hu),助(zhu)邕(yong)殺(sha)護(hu)(hu)。求(qiu)為(wei)大司馬(ma),帝(di)未許(xu)。建德(de)三年(574)進爵為(wei)王。同(tong)年,帝(di)赴云陽宮,直在長安舉兵攻宮城。事敗(bai),逃(tao)至荊州被擒,免(mian)為(wei)庶人,囚在別宮。不久被殺(sha)。
(?-578),北朝北周宗室。字侯幼突(tu),宇文泰子。明帝武(wu)成初,封譙(qiao)國(guo)公。武(wu)帝天和中,拜大(da)將軍,遷柱國(guo),出為益州總管(guan)。建德三年(nian)(nian)(574),宇文儉進爵為王(wang)。五年(nian)(nian),東(dong)伐,攻永固城,拔之。六(liu)年(nian)(nian),拜大(da)冢宰。宣政元年(nian)(nian)(578)二(er)月(yue)卒。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字(zi)度斤突,宇文泰子(zi)。性果決,善(shan)騎(qi)射(she)。明帝(di)武成(cheng)初,封代國(guo)公。武帝(di)天(tian)和元年(nian)(566),拜大(da)將軍。建德初,進位柱國(guo),出為(wei)荊州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)。三年(nian)(574),進爵為(wei)王(wang)。出為(wei)益州(zhou)(zhou)總管(guan)。宣帝(di)即位,進位上(shang)柱國(guo)。靜帝(di)大(da)象元年(nian)(579),拜大(da)右弼(bi)。二年(nian),為(wei)隋文帝(di)楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北朝(chao)北周宗(zong)室(shi)、文(wen)人。字豆盧突(tu)。代郡武川(chuan)(今屬內蒙古)人。鮮卑族。宇文(wen)泰子。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室(shi)、文人。字爾(er)固突。代郡武川(今屬內蒙古)人。鮮卑族(zu)。宇文泰之子。
北朝北周將(jiang)領(ling)。河南(nan)洛(luo)陽(今屬河南(nan))人(ren)。孝文帝(di)(di)太和初,為羽林郎將(jiang),數有戰(zhan)功(gong)。魏遷都洛(luo)陽,宇文福奉命規劃牧地,在黃(huang)河南(nan)北地近(jin)千(qian)里,放(fang)養(yang)雜畜。后(hou)攻高(gao)車敗,被貶(bian)。宣武帝(di)(di)即位,用為南(nan)征統軍,有戰(zhan)功(gong)。歷任(ren)豫、瀛州刺史(shi),太仆(pu)卿,懷朔鎮將(jiang)。卒(zu)于鎮,謚貞惠。
(559-580),北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)皇帝。字(zi)乾伯。鮮卑(bei)族。邕長子。邕慮其不堪重任,待其嚴格,朝見如(ru)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen),有(you)(you)過則杖責。初(chu)即位(wei),下令(ling)嚴律法;任用北(bei)(bei)齊官員。殺(sha)齊王憲,令(ling)左(zuo)右密察(cha)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)言行(xing)。法嚴刑苛,禁(jin)臣(chen)(chen)下有(you)(you)高大之稱(cheng)。次年(nian),以子衍為皇帝,自稱(cheng)天元(yuan)皇帝。大興土木,恣意聲色。對國家典(dian)章制度等,皆有(you)(you)變革。大象(xiang)二年(nian)令(ling)楊堅(jian)出為揚州總管。事未行(xing),病,召堅(jian)入宮。卒(zu),謚宣帝。
(?-580),北朝北周(zhou)宗室。字乾依,武帝(di)宇文(wen)邕子,初封漢(han)國(guo)公。建(jian)德(de)三(san)年(nian)(574),進(jin)爵(jue)為王,仍柱(zhu)(zhu)國(guo)。靜帝(di)大象二(er)年(nian)(580),楊堅輔政(zheng),欲順物(wu)情,乃進(jin)宇文(wen)贊上(shang)柱(zhu)(zhu)國(guo)、右大丞相。外示尊崇,實無權柄(bing)。后轉太師。不久,為堅所(suo)殺。
(?-580),北朝北周(zhou)宗室。字乾(qian)信,武(wu)帝宇文邕子,初封秦國(guo)公。武(wu)帝建(jian)德三年(574),進(jin)爵(jue)為(wei)王。靜帝大象(xiang)二年(580)五月,進(jin)上柱國(guo)。六月,遷大冢宰。八月,進(jin)位大右弼。不(bu)久,為(wei)楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北朝(chao)北周宗室。字立久突,宇文(wen)泰子。明帝(di)武(wu)(wu)成初,封越國公。武(wu)(wu)帝(di)天和中,進爵為(wei)王。四年(nian)(nian)(569),大(da)軍伐齊,宇文(wen)盛為(wei)后一軍總管(guan)。并州(zhou)平(ping),進位上柱國。從平(ping)鄴,拜相(xiang)州(zhou)總管(guan)。宣(xuan)政元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(578),入(ru)為(wei)大(da)冢宰。靜帝(di)大(da)象元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(579),遷大(da)前疑,轉太(tai)保。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)出就國。二年(nian)(nian),朝(chao)京師。其秋,為(wei)隋文(wen)帝(di)楊(yang)堅所殺。
(523-586),隋(sui)將(jiang)領。京兆(治(zhi)今陜西西安)人,本籍朔方(治(zhi)今內蒙古烏(wu)審(shen)旗(qi)南(nan)白城子(zi)),字仲樂。少時即精(jing)騎射,慷慨有大志(zhi),自謂可勝(sheng)過(guo)韓信、白起、衛青(qing)、霍去病(bing)等(deng)名將(jiang)。北周時,從(cong)韋孝寬守玉壁,從(cong)武帝(di)攻拔北齊(qi)晉陽,均以(yi)驍勇(yong)敢(gan)戰立功。周末,從(cong)高(gao)颎、韋孝寬破尉(wei)遲迥,功為諸將(jiang)之(zhi)最。進封英國公。入(ru)隋(sui),以(yi)宿將(jiang)遭忌,乃與梁士彥等(deng)謀反,事泄被殺。
(573-581),北朝北周皇帝(di)。本名衍。鮮卑(bei)族。宣帝(di)長子。大成元(yuan)年(nian)(579),封魯王,不久立(li)為皇太子。同年(nian)二(er)月(yue)(yue)受父禪即位,年(nian)僅7歲。改元(yuan)大象(xiang)。外戚(qi)楊(yang)(yang)堅執掌朝政,恢復佛(fo)、道兩教,大殺周朝宗(zong)室。大定元(yuan)年(nian)(581)二(er)月(yue)(yue),被迫(po)禪位于楊(yang)(yang)堅,封介國公,北周亡。同年(nian)五(wu)月(yue)(yue)被殺。葬(zang)恭(gong)陵。謚靜帝(di)。
隋將(jiang),字神慶,祖籍武(wu)川(今屬內蒙古),后為(wei)洛陽人,鮮(xian)卑族(zu),宇(yu)文氏族(zu)子。周(zhou)初(chu)受業東觀,頗涉經史。后應募從(cong)征,以功(gong)(gong)授都督。復從(cong)武(wu)帝轉戰各地,拔高壁,克并州(zhou),下信都,功(gong)(gong)居諸(zhu)將(jiang)之首,故(gu)進位大將(jiang)軍(jun),封汝南(nan)郡公。入隋,拜(bai)左武(wu)衛將(jiang)軍(jun),進上柱(zhu)國,出為(wei)涼州(zhou)總管(guan)。后還都,卒于家。
(555-612),隋建筑家(jia)。字安樂,朔方(fang)夏州(zhou)(今陜(shan)西靖邊)人。
(?-616),隋(sui)朝(chao)將領。字伯通(tong),代郡武川(chuan)(今內蒙(meng)古(gu)武川(chuan)南)人,出身鮮卑貴族(zu)。
(?-619),隋(sui)代末年叛軍首領。代郡(jun)武川(今(jin)內蒙古武川西(xi))人。隋(sui)大將宇(yu)文述(shu)之子。
唐將(jiang)領(ling)。字(zi)仁人,京兆長(chang)安人。父述,為隋(sui)右衛大將(jiang)軍。隋(sui)開皇(huang)末(601),封新(xin)城(cheng)縣公。
宇(yu)文(wen)成都,小說(shuo)《說(shuo)唐(tang)》《忠義(yi)響馬(ma)傳》《興唐(tang)傳》中人物,宇(yu)文(wen)化及(ji)之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)。被(bei)隋煬帝封(feng)為天(tian)(tian)保大(da)將(jiang)軍之(zhi)職(zhi)。兵(bing)器鳳翅(chi)鎦(liu)金(jin)镋[tǎng],被(bei)稱為隋唐(tang)第二(er)條好漢,在(zai)四平(ping)山(shan)力挫三杰。曾(ceng)在(zai)晉陽與李(li)淵(yuan)之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)李(li)元霸比武,輸給李(li)元霸。與瓦崗寨英使一柄鳳翅(chi)鎦(liu)金(jin)镋,重三百二(er)十斤(jin)”,傳說(shuo)為九天(tian)(tian)應元雷神普(pu)化天(tian)(tian)尊轉世。雄為敵,幫(bang)助(zhu)父奪取隋朝天(tian)(tian)下,在(zai)揚州被(bei)李(li)元霸所殺。歷史(shi)上,宇(yu)文(wen)化及(ji)有二(er)子(zi)(zi):宇(yu)文(wen)承基(ji)、宇(yu)文(wen)承趾,宇(yu)文(wen)化及(ji)同時被(bei)竇建德斬殺。
(?-約730),唐臣。京兆(zhao)萬年(nian)(今陜西西安)人(ren)。開元初任監察御(yu)史(shi)。時土地兼并嚴重,人(ren)口(kou)流失,稅收受到(dao)影響。他(ta)建議(yi)檢括逃亡(wang)戶(hu)口(kou)和籍外占(zhan)田(tian)。并自任勸(quan)農使(shi),率判(pan)官二十余人(ren)出使(shi)各地,清出客戶(hu)八(ba)十余萬和大量土地。開元十七年(nian)(729),拜黃門侍郎(lang),同(tong)中書門下平章(zhang)事。他(ta)善于(yu)薦舉人(ren)才,在相(xiang)期間,薦宋璟(jing)為(wei)(wei)右(you)丞(cheng)相(xiang)、裴耀卿為(wei)(wei)戶(hu)部侍郎(lang)、許景先為(wei)(wei)工(gong)部侍郎(lang)。在相(xiang)位僅百日(ri)即罷貶為(wei)(wei)汝州刺史(shi),又流巖州,卒于(yu)途(tu)中。
唐臣。字(zi)周重,河(he)南(今河(he)南洛陽)人。御史中(zhong)丞(cheng)宇(yu)文邈之子。元和六年(811),與(yu)江淮從(cong)事李公(gong)佐(zuo)會于漢南。長慶初(chu),任右拾遺,與(yu)李玨等進言勸穆宗(zong)戒(jie)酒色。歷倉(cang)部員(yuan)外(wai)郎、左(zuo)司(si)員(yuan)外(wai)郎、吏部員(yuan)外(wai)郎。大和三年(829),自(zi)吏部郎中(zhong)為(wei)御史中(zhong)丞(cheng)。又(you)兼(jian)刑(xing)部侍(shi)郎。六年,為(wei)戶部侍(shi)郎、判度(du)支(zhi)。出為(wei)華州刺(ci)史。八年,坐(zuo)贓事貶循州刺(ci)史。
(1029-1082),北(bei)宋(song)學者。字公南,漢州綿(mian)竹(今屬四(si)川)人。進士及第(di),為(wei)文州曲水縣令。神宗即位,上疏言(yan)政(zheng)事,不報,遂以(yi)太子中允(yun)致仕。自(zi)強(qiang)于學,不易其志,退居十五(wu)年,常(chang)為(wei)經史琴酒之樂,學者稱止(zhi)止(zhi)先生(sheng)。司馬(ma)光、范鎮等盛(sheng)譽之,以(yi)為(wei)“位下(xia)而言(yan)高,學富而行篤”。元豐五(wu)年卒。著有《止(zhi)止(zhi)先生(sheng)宇文公集》二(er)十二(er)卷,今已佚。
(?-1139),宋臣(chen)。字仲(zhong)達,一(yi)作仲(zhong)理(li),成都華陽(今四川(chuan)雙流)人(ren)。崇(chong)寧二(er)年(nian)(nian)(1103)進士。入仕后(hou)曾(ceng)任中(zhong)書(shu)舍人(ren)、翰林學士承旨等職。宣和六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(1124)官至(zhi)尚書(shu)右丞。后(hou)出為地(di)方官。南宋初知濮(pu)州(zhou)時被俘(fu),金人(ren)嘉其忠(zhong)義放(fang)歸,乃(nai)以(yi)光祿大(da)夫(fu)出知潼川(chuan)府。紹興元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(1131)辭(ci)官,以(yi)其弟(di)宇文時中(zhong)代理(li)府事(shi)。從此閑居至(zhi)卒。
(1079-1146),金臣。字叔通,宇文粹中之(zhi)弟(di)。
南宋(song)臣。字挺臣,顯謨(mo)(mo)閣(ge)待制宇文師瑗養子。成都廣都(今四川雙流)人(ren)。初補(bu)官仕(shi)州(zhou)縣。舉進士。累遷(qian)寶謨(mo)(mo)閣(ge)待制、知(zhi)(zhi)廬州(zhou)。時,韓侂胄方議(yi)舉兵北伐(fa)。紹(shao)節致(zhi)書(shu)侂胄,認(ren)為有復仇之(zhi)志(zhi),無(wu)復仇之(zhi)略;有開邊之(zhi)害,無(wu)開邊之(zhi)利,不量(liang)國力,冒險進取。侂胄見書(shu)不樂(le)。召(zhao)還(huan),以(yi)寶文閣(ge)待制知(zhi)(zhi)鎮江府。除湖北京(jing)西(xi)宣撫(fu)使,知(zhi)(zhi)江陵(ling)府。統制官高悅肆(si)意(yi)殺(sha)(sha)掠(lve),紹(shao)節召(zhao)至,收其部曲(qu),旋(xuan)有人(ren)控(kong)訴悅縱所(suo)部剽(piao)劫者,加以(yi)杖殺(sha)(sha),兵民皆(jie)歡喜(xi)。官至端(duan)明(ming)殿學士、簽書(shu)樞密院事,卒。謚(shi)忠惠。
元(yuan)文學家。字子貞,成都人,后徙吳興(今浙江湖州)。元(yuan)統進(jin)士。
其他宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有(you)(you)晉宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鮮卑族首領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫槐、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫廆、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)屈(qu)云、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜尼延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得歸(gui)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸(gui);南北朝東魏(wei)史(shi)學家(jia)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)忠之,西魏(wei)將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洛生(sheng)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)顥,北周大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)純、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寔(shi)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)興(xing)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)貞、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)賢(xian)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)善,將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)安慶(qing)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)椿;隋(sui)大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)弼(bi)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)靜禮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)皛(jiong)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)智及,將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)協;唐大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穎、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節;宋(song)大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌齡、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)常(chang),學者(zhe)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)紹奕、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)懋昭等。近當代宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有(you)(you)經(jing)濟學家(jia)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)舉,畫家(jia)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洲,歌(ge)唱(chang)演員宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)永清等
1940年生于吉林龍井,1958年考入東北師(shi)范大學(xue)(xue)美(mei)術(shu)系學(xue)(xue)習。1965年畢業(ye)分配到北京(jing)畫(hua)(hua)院工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品以(yi)青(qing)綠山水(shui)(shui)(shui)創作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)主(zhu)。其創作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)力(li)求把水(shui)(shui)(shui)墨山水(shui)(shui)(shui)和重彩(cai)青(qing)綠山水(shui)(shui)(shui)融為(wei)一體作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品構圖飽滿(man)。氣勢雄(xiong)偉。現為(wei)北京(jing)畫(hua)(hua)院專業(ye)畫(hua)(hua)家。國家一級美(mei)術(shu)師(shi)。北京(jing)中國畫(hua)(hua)研究會會長。中國美(mei)術(shu)家協會會員。