泰(tai)山(shan)東(dong)(dong)岳廟(miao)會(hui)于每年(nian)3月31日(ri)至(zhi)(zhi)5月7日(ri)舉(ju)辦。東(dong)(dong)岳大(da)帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)誕辰是(shi)3月28日(ri),自宋(song)朝起,每年(nian)此(ci)時(shi)立泰(tai)山(shan)廟(miao)會(hui),以(yi)祭東(dong)(dong)岳大(da)帝(di)地點在(zai)(zai)東(dong)(dong)岳廟(miao)即岱廟(miao)除祭祈(qi)活(huo)動(dong)外(wai),后(hou)世(shi)逐漸增加了(le)商(shang)貿、娛(yu)樂活(huo)動(dong)等內(nei)容,服(fu)務于來自四面八(ba)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)朝拜者。《水滸傳》中燕青打擂就是(shi)在(zai)(zai)泰(tai)山(shan)東(dong)(dong)岳廟(miao)會(hui)上。另(ling)外(wai)元君生(sheng)日(ri)為4月28日(ri),與東(dong)(dong)岳大(da)帝(di)生(sheng)日(ri)僅僅晚(wan)一(yi)個月,而且后(hou)世(shi)碧霞元君的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)超過了(le)東(dong)(dong)岳大(da)帝(di),因此(ci)東(dong)(dong)岳廟(miao)會(hui)拖長了(le)時(shi)間(jian),增加了(le)祭祀碧霞元君的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容。文(wen)(wen)革期間(jian)一(yi)度取消了(le)東(dong)(dong)岳廟(miao)會(hui)現在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)岳廟(miao)會(hui)會(hui)期在(zai)(zai)5月6日(ri)至(zhi)(zhi)12日(ri),一(yi)般在(zai)(zai)岱宗(zong)(zong)坊西側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)場舉(ju)行。廟(miao)會(hui)內(nei)容除正(zheng)常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宗(zong)(zong)教活(huo)動(dong)以(yi)外(wai),主要是(shi)經貿活(huo)動(dong)、旅游(you)觀光和文(wen)(wen)化(hua)娛(yu)樂近年(nian)來,八(ba)方人(ren)士紛至(zhi)(zhi)沓來,國外(wai)客商(shang)及游(you)客也不斷增加。東(dong)(dong)岳廟(miao)突(tu)出民(min)(min)俗宗(zong)(zong)教文(wen)(wen)化(hua),全(quan)方位地挖掘和展示泰(tai)山(shan)千年(nian)歷史積淀。從獨具魅力的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)間(jian)曲藝(yi)(yi)到(dao)驚心動(dong)魄的(de)(de)(de)(de)游(you)藝(yi)(yi)競技,從多(duo)姿(zi)多(duo)彩(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)間(jian)工藝(yi)(yi)到(dao)新(xin)穎(ying)時(shi)尚的(de)(de)(de)(de)旅游(you)商(shang)品(pin),從祈(qi)福納祥的(de)(de)(de)(de)拜山(shan)儀式到(dao)古(gu)代(dai)帝(di)王的(de)(de)(de)(de)封禪大(da)典,游(you)客置身其中,宛如進入了(le)民(min)(min)俗文(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)觀園。整(zheng)個廟(miao)會(hui)將持續一(yi)個多(duo)月時(shi)間(jian)。
東(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)以(yi)“逛(guang)東(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui),覽民(min)(min)間風(feng)情”為主題,深入挖掘東(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)的(de)文化(hua)內(nei)(nei)(nei)涵,旨在豐富(fu)游(you)客(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)城鄉居民(min)(min)文化(hua)生活(huo)(huo)(huo),打造(zao)“民(min)(min)俗(su)(su)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an),購(gou)物泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an),美食泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an);文化(hua)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan),吉祥泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan),祈(qi)福(fu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)”旅(lv)(lv)游(you)形象(xiang),營造(zao)歡快祥和(he)(he)的(de)節日(ri)(ri)氛圍,進一步提高泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)知名度(du)和(he)(he)吸引力,促進經濟社會(hui)(hui)又快又好地發(fa)展(zhan)。配合國(guo)家旅(lv)(lv)游(you)局推出(chu)的(de)中(zhong)國(guo)鄉村游(you)主題活(huo)(huo)(huo)動,按照“貼近民(min)(min)間,貼近企(qi)業(ye),貼近游(you)客(ke)(ke)”三個貼近和(he)(he)“突(tu)出(chu)民(min)(min)俗(su)(su)宗(zong)教文化(hua),突(tu)出(chu)企(qi)業(ye)社區文化(hua),突(tu)出(chu)購(gou)物美食文化(hua)”三個突(tu)出(chu)的(de)原則,本屆東(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)共(gong)安(an)(an)(an)排了(le)十二大項活(huo)(huo)(huo)動,在活(huo)(huo)(huo)動的(de)組織形式和(he)(he)內(nei)(nei)(nei)容上(shang)(shang)都將(jiang)有所創新。于4月(yue)12日(ri)(ri)在天外村廣(guang)場舉行的(de)開(kai)(kai)幕(mu)式將(jiang)上(shang)(shang)演獨具(ju)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)特色的(de)民(min)(min)俗(su)(su)文化(hua)表演。在泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)王母池蟠桃(tao)會(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)碧霞(xia)祠(ci)祈(qi)福(fu)迎祥大法會(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang)可(ke)以(yi)領略到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)宗(zong)教的(de)獨特魅力。除豐富(fu)多(duo)彩(cai)的(de)民(min)(min)俗(su)(su)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動外,我市還(huan)將(jiang)舉辦春季(ji)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)聯誼會(hui)(hui),邀請國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)重點(dian)旅(lv)(lv)行社、媒體記者、周邊大型企(qi)業(ye)和(he)(he)高校相關負(fu)責(ze)人前來考察景點(dian),開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)業(ye)務(wu)(wu)洽談。在中(zhong)國(guo)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)投(tou)資(zi)合作洽談會(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)外知名旅(lv)(lv)游(you)服務(wu)(wu)企(qi)業(ye)和(he)(he)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)投(tou)資(zi)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)企(qi)業(ye)負(fu)責(ze)人將(jiang)共(gong)商旅(lv)(lv)游(you)發(fa)展(zhan)大計。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)購(gou)物美食節將(jiang)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)美食大賽,推出(chu)豐富(fu)多(duo)彩(cai)的(de)珍饈美饌,以(yi)滿足市民(min)(min)與(yu)游(you)客(ke)(ke)美食需(xu)求(qiu)。
孔夫子(zi)(zi)編定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《詩(shi)經(jing)》中有(you)(you)“太(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖巖,魯(lu)邦所(suo)瞻”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)句,漢(han)武帝劉徹(che)曾面(mian)對(dui)(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)發出“ 高(gao)矣,極矣,大(da)(da)矣,特矣,赫矣,駭矣,惑矣”,的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感嘆。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)對(dui)(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)情有(you)(you)所(suo)鐘。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)與仙(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)緣,仙(xian)(xian)與山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)關。《說(shuo)文》云(yun)(yun):“仚(即仙(xian)(xian)),人(ren)(ren)在山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上貌,從(cong)人(ren)(ren)從(cong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。”《釋名》曰:“老而不(bu)死(si)曰仙(xian)(xian)。仙(xian)(xian),遷(qian)也(ye),遷(qian)入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也(ye),故制字人(ren)(ren)傍(bang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也(ye)。”要想得道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)成(cheng)仙(xian)(xian),就(jiu)必(bi)須入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)修煉(lian)。戰(zhan)國時期(qi),方(fang)土黃伯陽(yang)隱(yin)居于(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鹿町巖洞(dong)修煉(lian),后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)稱為(wei)(wei)“黃伯陽(yang)洞(dong)”。秦始(shi)皇(huang)(huang)東(dong)(dong)封泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)時,曾條(tiao)算訪仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)羨門高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蹤跡;又傳說(shuo)秦始(shi)皇(huang)(huang)求(qiu)見修煉(lian)于(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)南仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安期(qi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),“與語三(san)日而去 ”。漢(han)武帝對(dui)(dui)李(li)少君提出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“修煉(lian)、封禪、長(chang)生(sheng)”三(san)者(zhe)融為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建議極感興(xing)趣,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)七次(ci)到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符箓有(you)(you)“五(wu)岳(yue)(yue)真(zhen)形(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圖”而東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)真(zhen)形(xing)列其首,東(dong)(dong)方(fang)塑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《五(wu)岳(yue)(yue)真(zhen)圖序》說(shuo):“東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君領(ling)群(qun)仙(xian)(xian)五(wu)千(qian)九百人(ren)(ren),……泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君青(qing)服(fu)青(qing)袍,戴蒼碧七稱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠,佩通陽(yang)太(tai)平(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)印,乘青(qing)龍從(cong)群(qun)官來(lai)迎(ying)子(zi)(zi)”。魏晉時期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曹植(zhi),多次(ci)登臨泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),留下(xia)了(le)不(bu)少求(qiu)仙(xian)(xian)問道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)篇 :“ 仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)攬六(liu)(liu)著,對(dui)(dui)博泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)隅”;“驅風游(you)(you)五(wu)海,東(dong)(dong)過王(wang)母廬;俯視五(wu)岳(yue)(yue)間,人(ren)(ren)生(sheng)如寄居”《仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)篇》。“晨游(you)(you)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),云(yun)(yun)霧窈窕”; “西登玉(yu)樓,金樓復道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao);授我仙(xian)(xian)藥,神皇(huang)(huang)所(suo)造(zao)(zao);教(jiao)(jiao)我服(fu)食(shi),還精補腦”。《飛龍篇》李(li)唐王(wang)朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)統(tong)治者(zhe)認道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創始(shi)人(ren)(ren)老子(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)祖(zu)宗,道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)活動(dong)(dong)更加(jia)興(xing)盛。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳下(xia)有(you)(you)座道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)觀名曰“岱岳(yue)(yue)觀”,傳為(wei)(wei)黃帝時始(shi)建,(李(li)諤《瑤(yao)池(chi)記》)唐朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)統(tong)治者(zhe)多次(ci)遣道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)士致祭,原勒(le)于(yu)(yu)岱岳(yue)(yue)觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)唐《雙束碑(bei)》為(wei)(wei)我們(men)提供了(le)這方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)料。其一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日,唐高(gao)宗顯慶(qing)六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(公元661年(nian),即武則天攝政第(di)二(er)(er)(er)年(nian))二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日,“敕使東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)先生(sheng)郭行真(zhen),弟子(zi)(zi)陳(chen)蘭茂、杜知(zhi)古、馬知(zhi)止,奉(feng)為(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)帝后(hou)(hou)七日行道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),造(zao)(zao)塑像(xiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)驅,二(er)(er)(er)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)夾侍。”再者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)唐睿宗手敕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刻辭文字,講的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)睿宗皇(huang)(huang)帝遣道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)士楊太(tai)希(xi)到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)燒(shao)香(xiang)事,辭日:“景云(yun)(yun)二(er)(er)(er)年(nian)(公元771年(nian))六(liu)(liu)月(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)三(san)日,皇(huang)(huang)帝敬(jing)憑太(tai)清觀道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)士楊太(tai)希(xi),于(yu)(yu)名山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)斫燒(shao)香(xiang)供養。惟(wei)靈蘊秘凝真(zhen),含幽綜妙,類高(gao)旻(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亭育,同厚載(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陶鈞。蓄池(chi)煙云(yun)(yun),蔽(bi)虧日月(yue)(yue),五(wu)芝標秀,八(ba)桂流芳(fang),翠嶺萬尋,青(qing)溪(xi)千(qian)仞。蟣裳戾止,恒為(wei)(wei)碧落(luo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庭; 鶴架來(lai)游(you)(you),即是(shi)玉(yu)京之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)域。百祥覃于(yu)(yu)遠邇,五(wu)福(fu)被于(yu)(yu)黎元,往帝所(suo)以馳(chi)心,前王(wang)由(you)其載(zai)想。朕恭庸寶位(wei),嗣守(shou)昌圖,恐百姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)守(shou),廣(guang)八(ba)方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未泰(tai)(tai)(tai)。式(shi)陳(chen)香(xiang)薦,用表深忠(zhong),實冀明靈,降茲休祉(zhi)。所(suo)愿從(cong)茲以后(hou)(hou),浹(jia)宇常安;朕躬男女六(liu)(liu)姻,永保如山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)壽;國朝官僚萬姓,長(chang)符擊壤(rang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歡;鳥魚(yu)遂性于(yu)(yu)飛沉,夷狹(xia)歸心于(yu)(yu)邊徼。實希(xi)靈鑒,用副(fu)翹誠,今因煉(lian)師遣此(ci)不(bu)悉(xi)”。有(you)(you)唐一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代,岱岳(yue)(yue)觀齋醮活動(dong)(dong)不(bu)斷,善男信女云(yun)(yun)集(ji),由(you)此(ci)逐漸形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)。有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究者(zhe)將(jiang)顯慶(qing)六(liu)(liu)年(nian)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)岱岳(yue)(yue)觀造(zao)(zao)像(xiang)事成(cheng)而七日齋醮活動(dong)(dong)視為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)正式(shi)出現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志 (袁愛國:《泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)考(kao)識》,《民俗研究》1988年(nian)第(di)4期(qi)),應(ying)該(gai)說(shuo)信仰有(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。不(bu)過值(zhi)得注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi), 對(dui)(dui)岱岳(yue)(yue)觀造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)神像(xiang)不(bu)大(da)(da)可能年(nian)年(nian)都慶(qing)賀一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)番,因此(ci)唐代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)應(ying)是(shi)隨齋醮活動(dong)(dong)而成(cheng)會(hui)(hui)(hui),也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)尚無定(ding)制,廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規模也(ye)不(bu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)太(tai)大(da)(da)。只是(shi)到了(le)宋代,把慶(qing)賀東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)帝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕(dan)辰(chen)(三(san)月(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)日)作為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要內(nei)容,明代又增加(jia)了(le)慶(qing)賀碧霞元君誕(dan)辰(chen)(四月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)日)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活動(dong)(dong),這樣(yang)就(jiu)大(da)(da)體界定(ding)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)(hui)期(qi)時間。
泰山東岳廟會2
泰山東岳廟會2
泰山(shan)神東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)的身世眾說紛紜,但泰山(shan)神東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)倍受信仰是崇拜則(ze)是事實(shi)。有(you)謂東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)君“至神農朝(chao),賜天符都官(guan)號(hao)名(ming)府君,至漢明帝(di)(di)(di)(di)封(feng)泰山(shan)元帥(shuai)”(《三教源流(liu)大(da)(da)(da)全》),這說明至少到漢代,東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)就有(you)封(feng)號(hao)了。唐末時(shi)期(qi),是東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)最為(wei)(wei)顯赫(he)的時(shi)期(qi),有(you)唐一代,先后有(you)封(feng)號(hao)“天中王”、“天齊君”、“天齊王”、宋真宗朝(chao),先加號(hao)為(wei)(wei)“仁(ren)圣天齊王”,后加封(feng)為(wei)(wei)“天齊仁(ren)圣帝(di)(di)(di)(di)”。東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)不僅(jin)是神界之(zhi)神, 而且(qie)還成了人間帝(di)(di)(di)(di)王,有(you)夫人曰淑(shu)明,有(you)子曰三郎(lang)、四郎(lang)、七郎(lang)。宋真宗封(feng)禪(chan)泰山(shan)時(shi),定(ding)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)的生日(ri)為(wei)(wei)三月二(er)十八日(ri)(如(ru)《水滸傳》第七十三回講“三月二(er)十八日(ri),天齊圣帝(di)(di)(di)(di)降誕之(zhi)辰”), 并決定(ding)年(nian)年(nian)慶賀,因(yin)而也就使泰山(shan)廟會形成了定(ding)制,廟會的地點也由唐代時(shi)的岱岳觀一帶改(gai)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳廟(主祀東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di))了。
東岳(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)或(huo)謂泰山(shan)廟(miao)(miao)(miao),即岱(dai)(dai)(dai)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)是(shi)(shi)也。岱(dai)(dai)(dai)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)創(chuang)建于(yu)何(he)時(shi)(shi),有人(ren)以(yi)岱(dai)(dai)(dai)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)內(nei)(nei)《大(da)宋(song)(song)天(tian)貺殿(dian)碑銘》中(zhong)有“秦(qin)既作疇”、“漢(han)亦起(qi)宮(gong)”,為據推斷創(chuang)建于(yu)秦(qin)漢(han)之(zhi)(zhi)際;也有人(ren)則(ze)認(ren)為稍(shao)晚一些。拋開“創(chuang)建”問題(ti)不(bu)論,唐宋(song)(song)時(shi)(shi)期已具有相(xiang)當規(gui)模則(ze)是(shi)(shi)有據可查(cha)的(de)。《大(da)宋(song)(song)宣(xuan)和(he)重修泰岱(dai)(dai)(dai)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)碑》記(ji)載(zai):“ 增至宮(gong)宇(yu)”,“ 繚(liao)墻(qiang)外(wai)圍”,罡罳分(fen)(fen)翼(yi),巋(kui)然如御都(dou)紫(zi)極,望之(zhi)(zhi)者知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)靈之(zhi)(zhi)宅。凡殿(dian) 、寢 、堂(tang)、閣、門、亭、庫、 館、樓、觀、 廊、廡,合八百一十(shi)(shi)盈”。以(yi)宋(song)(song)代為背(bei)(bei)景的(de)《水滸傳》對岱(dai)(dai)(dai)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)也有著精彩的(de)描(miao)寫:“廟(miao)(miao)(miao)居岱(dai)(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue),山(shan)鎮(zhen)乾坤,為山(shan)岳(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)至尊(zun),乃萬(wan)神(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)領袖。山(shan)頭伏(fu)檻,直望見弱(ruo)水蓬(peng)萊;絕頂攀(pan)松,盡都(dou)是(shi)(shi)密云薄霧(wu)。樓臺森(sen)聳(song),疑是(shi)(shi)金烏展翅(chi)飛(fei)來;殿(dian)角棱層, 定覺玉兔騰(teng)身(shen)走到。雕(diao)梁畫棟,碧瓦朱檐。鳳扉亮而映黃(huang)紗,龜背(bei)(bei)繡簾垂(chui)錦帶(dai)。遙觀圣(sheng)像,九旒冕舜目堯(yao)眉;眉,近睹神(shen)(shen)顏,兗龍袍湯肩禹背(bei)(bei)。九天(tian)司命,芙(fu)蓉冠掩映絳綃認(ren),炳錄赫(he)黃(huang)袍偏(pian)稱(cheng)藍田帶(dai)。左侍下(xia)玉簪珠履,右侍下(xia)紫(zi)綬金章。闔殿(dian)威嚴,護駕三千甲(jia)將 ;兩廊勇猛(meng),勤王十(shi)(shi)萬(wan)鐵衣兵。五(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)樓相(xiang)接(jie)東宮(gong),仁安殿(dian)緊連北闕。蒿(hao)里山(shan)下(xia),判官分(fen)(fen)七十(shi)(shi)二司;白騾廟(miao)(miao)(miao)中(zhong),土神(shen)(shen)按二十(shi)(shi)四氣。管火池(chi),鐵面太尉月(yue)月(yue)通靈;掌生死,五(wu)(wu)道將軍年年顯圣(sheng)。御香不(bu)斷,天(tian)神(shen)(shen)飛(fei)馬報丹書;祭祀依時(shi)(shi),老幼望月(yue)祈獲(huo)福。嘉(jia)寧殿(dian),祥云杳(yao)靄; 正陽門,瑞氣盤旋。萬(wan)民朝拜碧霞(xia)君, 四方歸依仁圣(sheng)帝。”以(yi)慶賀東岳(yue)(yue)大(da)帝誕辰為主要(yao)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)的(de)泰山(shan)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)會,選址(zhi)在主祀東岳(yue)(yue)大(da)帝的(de)東岳(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(岱(dai)(dai)(dai)廟(miao)(miao)(miao))一帶(dai)是(shi)(shi)再妥當不(bu)過的(de)了。