泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)于每(mei)年(nian)3月31日至5月7日舉辦。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕辰是(shi)3月28日,自宋朝(chao)起,每(mei)年(nian)此時立(li)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui),以祭(ji)(ji)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)地(di)點在(zai)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)即(ji)岱廟(miao)除(chu)祭(ji)(ji)祈活動外(wai),后(hou)世(shi)逐漸增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了(le)商(shang)貿、娛樂活動等內容,服務于來(lai)自四面八方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)朝(chao)拜者。《水(shui)滸傳》中(zhong)燕青(qing)打(da)擂就(jiu)是(shi)在(zai)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)上。另外(wai)元(yuan)君生日為4月28日,與東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)生日僅僅晚一個(ge)月,而且后(hou)世(shi)碧霞(xia)元(yuan)君的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響超過(guo)了(le)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di),因此東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)拖長了(le)時間(jian)(jian),增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了(le)祭(ji)(ji)祀碧霞(xia)元(yuan)君的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內容。文革期間(jian)(jian)一度取消了(le)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)現在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)期在(zai)5月6日至12日,一般在(zai)岱宗坊西(xi)側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣場舉行(xing)。廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)內容除(chu)正常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宗教活動以外(wai),主要(yao)是(shi)經貿活動、旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)觀光和文化娛樂近年(nian)來(lai),八方(fang)人(ren)士紛至沓來(lai),國外(wai)客商(shang)及游(you)(you)客也(ye)不斷(duan)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)突出民俗宗教文化,全方(fang)位地(di)挖掘和展示泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)千年(nian)歷史積淀。從(cong)獨具魅力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)(jian)曲藝到(dao)(dao)(dao)驚心動魄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)游(you)(you)藝競技,從(cong)多(duo)姿多(duo)彩(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)(jian)工藝到(dao)(dao)(dao)新穎(ying)時尚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)商(shang)品,從(cong)祈福納祥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拜山(shan)儀式到(dao)(dao)(dao)古代(dai)帝(di)王的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)封(feng)禪大(da)典,游(you)(you)客置身其(qi)中(zhong),宛如進入了(le)民俗文化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)觀園。整(zheng)個(ge)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)將持續一個(ge)多(duo)月時間(jian)(jian)。
東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)以(yi)“逛東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui),覽民(min)(min)(min)(min)間風(feng)情(qing)”為主題(ti),深(shen)入挖掘(jue)東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)文化內涵,旨在(zai)豐富(fu)游(you)(you)(you)客和(he)城(cheng)鄉居(ju)民(min)(min)(min)(min)文化生活(huo)(huo),打造“民(min)(min)(min)(min)俗(su)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an),購(gou)物泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an),美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)食泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an);文化泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan),吉祥泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan),祈福泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)”旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)形(xing)象,營(ying)造歡快祥和(he)的(de)(de)節日氛圍,進(jin)一步提高泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)知名度和(he)吸引力,促進(jin)經濟社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)又(you)快又(you)好地發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。配合國(guo)(guo)家旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)局(ju)推(tui)出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)中國(guo)(guo)鄉村(cun)游(you)(you)(you)主題(ti)活(huo)(huo)動(dong),按照(zhao)“貼近民(min)(min)(min)(min)間,貼近企(qi)業(ye),貼近游(you)(you)(you)客”三(san)個貼近和(he)“突(tu)(tu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)俗(su)宗教文化,突(tu)(tu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)企(qi)業(ye)社(she)區文化,突(tu)(tu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)購(gou)物美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)食文化”三(san)個突(tu)(tu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)原則,本屆東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)共(gong)安(an)排了十二(er)大項活(huo)(huo)動(dong),在(zai)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)的(de)(de)組織形(xing)式(shi)和(he)內容上都將(jiang)(jiang)有所創新。于(yu)4月12日在(zai)天外(wai)村(cun)廣(guang)場(chang)舉(ju)(ju)行的(de)(de)開(kai)幕式(shi)將(jiang)(jiang)上演獨具(ju)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)特色(se)的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)俗(su)文化表演。在(zai)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)王母池蟠桃會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)碧霞祠祈福迎祥大法會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)上可以(yi)領略到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)宗教的(de)(de)獨特魅力。除豐富(fu)多彩的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)俗(su)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)外(wai),我(wo)市還將(jiang)(jiang)舉(ju)(ju)辦春(chun)季(ji)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)聯誼(yi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui),邀(yao)請國(guo)(guo)內重點(dian)旅(lv)(lv)行社(she)、媒體(ti)記(ji)者、周邊(bian)大型企(qi)業(ye)和(he)高校(xiao)相關負責人前來考察景點(dian),開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)業(ye)務洽談。在(zai)中國(guo)(guo)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)投(tou)資(zi)合作(zuo)洽談會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)上國(guo)(guo)內外(wai)知名旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)服務企(qi)業(ye)和(he)國(guo)(guo)內投(tou)資(zi)開(kai)發(fa)企(qi)業(ye)負責人將(jiang)(jiang)共(gong)商旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)大計。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)購(gou)物美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)食節將(jiang)(jiang)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)食大賽(sai),推(tui)出(chu)(chu)(chu)豐富(fu)多彩的(de)(de)珍饈美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)饌(zhuan),以(yi)滿足市民(min)(min)(min)(min)與游(you)(you)(you)客美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)食需求。
孔夫子(zi)編定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《詩經》中有(you)“太山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖(yan)巖(yan),魯邦所(suo)(suo)瞻”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩句,漢(han)(han)武帝(di)(di)劉(liu)徹(che)曾面對(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)發出“ 高(gao)(gao)(gao)矣(yi)(yi),極矣(yi)(yi),大矣(yi)(yi),特矣(yi)(yi),赫矣(yi)(yi),駭矣(yi)(yi),惑矣(yi)(yi)”,的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感嘆。道(dao)(dao)(dao)家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)情(qing)有(you)所(suo)(suo)鐘。道(dao)(dao)(dao)與(yu)(yu)仙(xian)(xian)有(you)緣,仙(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)關。《說文(wen)》云(yun):“仚(xian)(即(ji)仙(xian)(xian)),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上貌,從人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)從山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。”《釋名(ming)》曰:“老而不(bu)(bu)死曰仙(xian)(xian)。仙(xian)(xian),遷也(ye)(ye)(ye),遷入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也(ye)(ye)(ye),故制字(zi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)傍山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”要想(xiang)得(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)成(cheng)仙(xian)(xian),就必(bi)須入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)修煉(lian)。戰國(guo)時(shi)(shi)期,方(fang)土黃伯(bo)陽隱居(ju)于(yu)(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鹿町巖(yan)洞(dong)修煉(lian),后人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“黃伯(bo)陽洞(dong)”。秦(qin)始(shi)皇(huang)東(dong)(dong)封泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)時(shi)(shi),曾條(tiao)算(suan)訪仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)羨門高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蹤跡;又傳說秦(qin)始(shi)皇(huang)求(qiu)見修煉(lian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)南仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)期山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),“與(yu)(yu)語三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)而去 ”。漢(han)(han)武帝(di)(di)對(dui)李少君提(ti)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“修煉(lian)、封禪(chan)、長生(sheng)(sheng)”三(san)者(zhe)融為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建議極感興趣,一生(sheng)(sheng)七次(ci)到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。道(dao)(dao)(dao)教的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符(fu)箓有(you)“五(wu)岳(yue)真(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圖(tu)”而東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)真(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)列其(qi)(qi)首,東(dong)(dong)方(fang)塑(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《五(wu)岳(yue)真(zhen)(zhen)圖(tu)序(xu)》說:“東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君領群仙(xian)(xian)五(wu)千九(jiu)百(bai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),……泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君青服青袍(pao),戴蒼碧(bi)七稱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan),佩(pei)通陽太平之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)印(yin),乘青龍從群官(guan)來(lai)(lai)迎子(zi)”。魏晉時(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曹植,多次(ci)登臨泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),留下(xia)(xia)了(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)少求(qiu)仙(xian)(xian)問道(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩篇 :“ 仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)攬六(liu)著,對(dui)博泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)隅”;“驅風游五(wu)海(hai),東(dong)(dong)過王母廬;俯視(shi)五(wu)岳(yue)間,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)如寄居(ju)”《仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)篇》。“晨游泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),云(yun)霧窈窕(tiao)”; “西登玉樓,金樓復道(dao)(dao)(dao);授我(wo)仙(xian)(xian)藥,神皇(huang)所(suo)(suo)造;教我(wo)服食,還精補腦”。《飛龍篇》李唐(tang)王朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)統治(zhi)者(zhe)認(ren)道(dao)(dao)(dao)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創始(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)老子(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祖宗,道(dao)(dao)(dao)教活(huo)(huo)動(dong)更(geng)加興盛。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳下(xia)(xia)有(you)座道(dao)(dao)(dao)觀(guan)名(ming)曰“岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)觀(guan)”,傳為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黃帝(di)(di)時(shi)(shi)始(shi)建,(李諤《瑤(yao)池記(ji)》)唐(tang)朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)統治(zhi)者(zhe)多次(ci)遣道(dao)(dao)(dao)士(shi)致祭,原勒于(yu)(yu)(yu)岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一道(dao)(dao)(dao)唐(tang)《雙束碑》為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)們提(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)這(zhe)方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資料。其(qi)(qi)一日(ri)(ri)(ri),唐(tang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)宗顯慶(qing)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元661年(nian)(nian)(nian),即(ji)武則天(tian)攝政第(di)二年(nian)(nian)(nian))二月(yue)(yue)(yue)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)二日(ri)(ri)(ri),“敕使東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)先生(sheng)(sheng)郭行真(zhen)(zhen),弟子(zi)陳(chen)(chen)蘭茂、杜(du)知(zhi)古、馬知(zhi)止(zhi),奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)后七日(ri)(ri)(ri)行道(dao)(dao)(dao),造塑(su)像一驅,二真(zhen)(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)夾侍。”再者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)唐(tang)睿宗手敕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刻辭(ci)文(wen)字(zi),講(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)睿宗皇(huang)帝(di)(di)遣道(dao)(dao)(dao)士(shi)楊太希(xi)到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)燒香(xiang)事,辭(ci)日(ri)(ri)(ri):“景云(yun)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元771年(nian)(nian)(nian))六(liu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri),皇(huang)帝(di)(di)敬憑太清觀(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)士(shi)楊太希(xi),于(yu)(yu)(yu)名(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)斫燒香(xiang)供(gong)養。惟靈(ling)(ling)(ling)蘊秘凝真(zhen)(zhen),含(han)幽(you)綜(zong)妙,類高(gao)(gao)(gao)旻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亭育(yu),同(tong)厚載之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陶鈞。蓄(xu)池煙云(yun),蔽虧日(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue),五(wu)芝標秀,八(ba)(ba)桂流芳,翠嶺萬尋,青溪千仞。蟣裳戾(li)止(zhi),恒為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)碧(bi)落之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庭; 鶴架來(lai)(lai)游,即(ji)是(shi)(shi)玉京(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)域。百(bai)祥覃于(yu)(yu)(yu)遠邇,五(wu)福被于(yu)(yu)(yu)黎元,往帝(di)(di)所(suo)(suo)以馳心,前(qian)王由(you)其(qi)(qi)載想(xiang)。朕(zhen)恭庸寶位,嗣守昌圖(tu),恐百(bai)姓(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)守,廣八(ba)(ba)方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)。式(shi)陳(chen)(chen)香(xiang)薦,用表深忠,實(shi)冀明(ming)靈(ling)(ling)(ling),降茲休祉(zhi)。所(suo)(suo)愿從茲以后,浹宇常安(an);朕(zhen)躬男女(nv)六(liu)姻(yin),永(yong)保(bao)如山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)壽;國(guo)朝官(guan)僚萬姓(xing),長符(fu)擊壤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歡(huan);鳥魚遂(sui)性于(yu)(yu)(yu)飛沉,夷狹歸心于(yu)(yu)(yu)邊徼(jiao)。實(shi)希(xi)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)鑒,用副(fu)翹誠,今因煉(lian)師遣此(ci)不(bu)(bu)悉”。有(you)唐(tang)一代(dai),岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)觀(guan)齋(zhai)醮活(huo)(huo)動(dong)不(bu)(bu)斷,善男信女(nv)云(yun)集,由(you)此(ci)逐漸形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)。有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究者(zhe)將顯慶(qing)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)觀(guan)造像事成(cheng)而七日(ri)(ri)(ri)齋(zhai)醮活(huo)(huo)動(dong)視(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)正式(shi)出現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志 (袁愛國(guo):《泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)考識》,《民俗研究》1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)第(di)4期),應該說信仰有(you)道(dao)(dao)(dao)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。不(bu)(bu)過值得(de)注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi), 對(dui)岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)觀(guan)造成(cheng)神像不(bu)(bu)大可(ke)能(neng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)都慶(qing)賀一番,因此(ci)唐(tang)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)應是(shi)(shi)隨齋(zhai)醮活(huo)(huo)動(dong)而成(cheng)會(hui)(hui)(hui),也(ye)(ye)(ye)就是(shi)(shi)說泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)尚無定(ding)(ding)(ding)制,廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)模也(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)太大。只是(shi)(shi)到了(le)(le)宋代(dai),把(ba)慶(qing)賀東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕(dan)辰(三(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)日(ri)(ri)(ri))作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要內容,明(ming)代(dai)又增加了(le)(le)慶(qing)賀碧(bi)霞元君誕(dan)辰(四(si)月(yue)(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)日(ri)(ri)(ri))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)動(dong),這(zhe)樣(yang)就大體界定(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)一度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)(hui)期時(shi)(shi)間。
泰山東岳廟會2
泰山東岳廟會2
泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)神(shen)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)的(de)身世(shi)眾說紛紜(yun),但泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)神(shen)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)倍受信仰是(shi)崇(chong)拜則(ze)是(shi)事實。有(you)謂東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)君(jun)“至神(shen)農(nong)朝,賜(si)天(tian)符都官號名(ming)府君(jun),至漢明帝(di)(di)封(feng)(feng)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)元帥”(《三(san)教(jiao)源流大(da)全》),這說明至少到漢代(dai)(dai),東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)就(jiu)有(you)封(feng)(feng)號了(le)。唐(tang)末時期,是(shi)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)最為(wei)(wei)顯赫的(de)時期,有(you)唐(tang)一代(dai)(dai),先后有(you)封(feng)(feng)號“天(tian)中王(wang)(wang)”、“天(tian)齊(qi)(qi)君(jun)”、“天(tian)齊(qi)(qi)王(wang)(wang)”、宋真(zhen)宗朝,先加號為(wei)(wei)“仁(ren)圣(sheng)天(tian)齊(qi)(qi)王(wang)(wang)”,后加封(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)“天(tian)齊(qi)(qi)仁(ren)圣(sheng)帝(di)(di)”。東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)不(bu)僅是(shi)神(shen)界之(zhi)神(shen), 而且還成了(le)人(ren)間帝(di)(di)王(wang)(wang),有(you)夫(fu)人(ren)曰(yue)淑明,有(you)子曰(yue)三(san)郎、四郎、七郎。宋真(zhen)宗封(feng)(feng)禪(chan)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)時,定(ding)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)的(de)生日為(wei)(wei)三(san)月二十(shi)八(ba)日(如《水滸傳》第(di)七十(shi)三(san)回講“三(san)月二十(shi)八(ba)日,天(tian)齊(qi)(qi)圣(sheng)帝(di)(di)降誕(dan)之(zhi)辰”), 并決定(ding)年(nian)年(nian)慶賀,因而也就(jiu)使泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)廟(miao)會形成了(le)定(ding)制,廟(miao)會的(de)地點也由(you)唐(tang)代(dai)(dai)時的(de)岱岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)觀一帶改(gai)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(主祀(si)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di))了(le)。
東(dong)岳(yue)廟或謂泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)廟,即岱(dai)廟是(shi)也。岱(dai)廟創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)于何(he)時(shi),有(you)人以岱(dai)廟內《大宋天貺殿碑銘》中有(you)“秦既作疇”、“漢亦起宮(gong)”,為(wei)(wei)(wei)據推斷創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)于秦漢之(zhi)際;也有(you)人則(ze)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)稍晚(wan)一(yi)些。拋開“創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)”問題不(bu)(bu)論,唐宋時(shi)期已具有(you)相當規模則(ze)是(shi)有(you)據可(ke)查的(de)。《大宋宣(xuan)和重修泰(tai)岱(dai)廟碑》記載(zai):“ 增至(zhi)宮(gong)宇(yu)”,“ 繚墻外圍(wei)”,罡(gang)罳(si)分(fen)翼(yi),巋然如御都紫極,望(wang)之(zhi)者知之(zhi)神靈之(zhi)宅。凡殿 、寢 、堂、閣、門、亭(ting)、庫、 館、樓(lou)(lou)、觀、 廊、廡,合八百一(yi)十(shi)(shi)盈”。以宋代(dai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)背景的(de)《水滸傳》對岱(dai)廟也有(you)著精彩的(de)描寫:“廟居(ju)岱(dai)岳(yue),山(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)乾坤,為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)岳(yue)之(zhi)至(zhi)尊,乃萬神之(zhi)領袖(xiu)。山(shan)(shan)頭(tou)伏檻,直望(wang)見弱水蓬(peng)萊;絕(jue)頂攀(pan)松(song),盡都是(shi)密云薄(bo)霧。樓(lou)(lou)臺森聳,疑是(shi)金(jin)烏展翅飛(fei)來(lai);殿角棱層, 定覺(jue)玉(yu)兔騰身走到。雕梁畫棟,碧(bi)瓦朱檐。鳳(feng)扉亮而映黃紗,龜背繡簾垂錦帶。遙觀圣像,九(jiu)旒冕(mian)舜(shun)目堯眉;眉,近(jin)睹神顏,兗龍袍(pao)湯肩(jian)禹背。九(jiu)天司命,芙蓉冠掩(yan)映絳綃認,炳(bing)錄赫(he)黃袍(pao)偏稱(cheng)藍田帶。左(zuo)侍下(xia)玉(yu)簪(zan)珠履(lv),右(you)侍下(xia)紫綬金(jin)章。闔殿威嚴,護駕三千(qian)甲將 ;兩廊勇猛(meng),勤王十(shi)(shi)萬鐵衣兵。五岳(yue)樓(lou)(lou)相接東(dong)宮(gong),仁安殿緊連北闕(que)。蒿里山(shan)(shan)下(xia),判官分(fen)七十(shi)(shi)二(er)司;白騾(luo)廟中,土神按二(er)十(shi)(shi)四(si)氣。管火池,鐵面太尉月月通靈;掌生死,五道將軍年年顯圣。御香不(bu)(bu)斷,天神飛(fei)馬報(bao)丹(dan)書(shu);祭祀(si)依(yi)時(shi),老(lao)幼望(wang)月祈(qi)獲福(fu)。嘉寧(ning)殿,祥云杳靄; 正陽門,瑞氣盤旋。萬民朝拜碧(bi)霞君, 四(si)方歸依(yi)仁圣帝(di)。”以慶(qing)賀東(dong)岳(yue)大帝(di)誕辰為(wei)(wei)(wei)主要內容的(de)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)廟會,選址在主祀(si)東(dong)岳(yue)大帝(di)的(de)東(dong)岳(yue)廟(岱(dai)廟)一(yi)帶是(shi)再妥當不(bu)(bu)過的(de)了。