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基本介紹

泰山(shan)(shan)東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)于(yu)每年3月(yue)31日(ri)至5月(yue)7日(ri)舉(ju)辦。東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)帝的(de)(de)誕辰是(shi)3月(yue)28日(ri)，自宋朝(chao)(chao)起，每年此時(shi)(shi)(shi)立泰山(shan)(shan)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)，以(yi)祭東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)帝地點(dian)在東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟即岱廟除(chu)祭祈(qi)活(huo)動外(wai)，后世逐漸增(zeng)加了(le)(le)商(shang)貿、娛樂活(huo)動等內容(rong)，服務于(yu)來自四面八方的(de)(de)朝(chao)(chao)拜者。《水(shui)滸傳》中(zhong)燕青打擂就是(shi)在泰山(shan)(shan)東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)上。另(ling)外(wai)元(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)生(sheng)日(ri)為4月(yue)28日(ri)，與東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)帝生(sheng)日(ri)僅僅晚一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)月(yue)，而且(qie)后世碧(bi)霞(xia)元(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)的(de)(de)影響超(chao)過了(le)(le)東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)帝，因此東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)拖長了(le)(le)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間，增(zeng)加了(le)(le)祭祀碧(bi)霞(xia)元(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)的(de)(de)內容(rong)。文(wen)革(ge)期(qi)間一(yi)(yi)(yi)度取消(xiao)了(le)(le)東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)現在的(de)(de)東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)(hui)期(qi)在5月(yue)6日(ri)至12日(ri)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般在岱宗坊西(xi)側的(de)(de)廣場舉(ju)行(xing)。廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)內容(rong)除(chu)正常的(de)(de)宗教活(huo)動以(yi)外(wai)，主要(yao)是(shi)經貿活(huo)動、旅游(you)(you)(you)觀(guan)光和文(wen)化娛樂近年來，八方人(ren)士紛至沓(ta)來，國外(wai)客商(shang)及游(you)(you)(you)客也不斷增(zeng)加。東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)廟突出民(min)俗(su)宗教文(wen)化，全方位地挖掘和展示泰山(shan)(shan)千年歷史積淀。從獨具(ju)魅力(li)的(de)(de)民(min)間曲藝到(dao)(dao)驚心動魄的(de)(de)游(you)(you)(you)藝競技，從多(duo)(duo)姿(zi)多(duo)(duo)彩(cai)的(de)(de)民(min)間工(gong)藝到(dao)(dao)新(xin)穎時(shi)(shi)(shi)尚的(de)(de)旅游(you)(you)(you)商(shang)品，從祈(qi)福納祥的(de)(de)拜山(shan)(shan)儀式(shi)到(dao)(dao)古(gu)代帝王(wang)的(de)(de)封禪(chan)大(da)(da)典，游(you)(you)(you)客置身(shen)其中(zhong)，宛如進入了(le)(le)民(min)俗(su)文(wen)化的(de)(de)大(da)(da)觀(guan)園。整個(ge)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)將持續(xu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)多(duo)(duo)月(yue)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間。

景點景觀

東岳廟(miao)會(hui)以(yi)“逛東岳廟(miao)會(hui)，覽民間風(feng)情”為(wei)主題(ti)，深(shen)入挖掘東岳廟(miao)會(hui)的文(wen)(wen)化(hua)內(nei)涵，旨在(zai)豐富(fu)游(you)(you)(you)(you)客(ke)和(he)城鄉居民文(wen)(wen)化(hua)生活(huo)，打造“民俗(su)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)，購(gou)物泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)，美(mei)(mei)食(shi)(shi)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)；文(wen)(wen)化(hua)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，吉祥泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，祈福泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)”旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)形象，營(ying)造歡快(kuai)祥和(he)的節(jie)日(ri)氛圍，進一步提高泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的知(zhi)名度和(he)吸引力，促進經濟社會(hui)又快(kuai)又好地(di)發展(zhan)。配合(he)國(guo)(guo)家旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)局推出(chu)的中國(guo)(guo)鄉村游(you)(you)(you)(you)主題(ti)活(huo)動(dong)，按照“貼(tie)(tie)近民間，貼(tie)(tie)近企業(ye)，貼(tie)(tie)近游(you)(you)(you)(you)客(ke)”三個貼(tie)(tie)近和(he)“突(tu)出(chu)民俗(su)宗教文(wen)(wen)化(hua)，突(tu)出(chu)企業(ye)社區文(wen)(wen)化(hua)，突(tu)出(chu)購(gou)物美(mei)(mei)食(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)”三個突(tu)出(chu)的原則，本屆(jie)東岳廟(miao)會(hui)共安(an)排(pai)了十(shi)二大項活(huo)動(dong)，在(zai)活(huo)動(dong)的組織形式和(he)內(nei)容上都(dou)將(jiang)有所創新。于4月12日(ri)在(zai)天(tian)外村廣場舉(ju)行(xing)的開幕式將(jiang)上演(yan)獨具(ju)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)特色的民俗(su)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)表演(yan)。在(zai)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)王母池蟠桃會(hui)和(he)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)碧(bi)霞祠(ci)祈福迎祥大法會(hui)上可(ke)以(yi)領(ling)略(lve)到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)宗教的獨特魅力。除豐富(fu)多彩的民俗(su)活(huo)動(dong)外，我市(shi)還將(jiang)舉(ju)辦春季(ji)旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)聯誼會(hui)，邀請國(guo)(guo)內(nei)重點旅(lv)行(xing)社、媒體(ti)記(ji)者、周邊大型企業(ye)和(he)高校相關(guan)負(fu)責(ze)人(ren)前來考察景(jing)點，開展(zhan)旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)業(ye)務(wu)洽(qia)談(tan)。在(zai)中國(guo)(guo)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)投(tou)資(zi)合(he)作洽(qia)談(tan)會(hui)上國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外知(zhi)名旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)服(fu)務(wu)企業(ye)和(he)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)投(tou)資(zi)開發企業(ye)負(fu)責(ze)人(ren)將(jiang)共商旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)發展(zhan)大計。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)購(gou)物美(mei)(mei)食(shi)(shi)節(jie)將(jiang)開展(zhan)美(mei)(mei)食(shi)(shi)大賽，推出(chu)豐富(fu)多彩的珍饈美(mei)(mei)饌，以(yi)滿足市(shi)民與游(you)(you)(you)(you)客(ke)美(mei)(mei)食(shi)(shi)需求。

歷史沿革

孔夫子(zi)(zi)編定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《詩(shi)經》中有(you)(you)“太(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖巖，魯邦所(suo)瞻”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)句(ju)，漢(han)武帝(di)(di)(di)劉徹曾面(mian)對(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)發出“ 高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)矣(yi)，極矣(yi)，大(da)矣(yi)，特(te)矣(yi)，赫矣(yi)，駭(hai)矣(yi)，惑矣(yi)”，的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感嘆。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)情有(you)(you)所(suo)鐘。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)與(yu)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)緣(yuan)，仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)關。《說(shuo)文(wen)》云(yun)：“仚（即(ji)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)），人(ren)(ren)(ren)在山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上貌(mao)，從(cong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)從(cong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。”《釋名(ming)》曰：“老(lao)而不(bu)死曰仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，遷(qian)也，遷(qian)入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也，故制(zhi)字(zi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)傍山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也。”要想得道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)成(cheng)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，就(jiu)必須(xu)入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)修煉(lian)(lian)(lian)。戰國時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期，方(fang)土黃(huang)伯陽隱居(ju)于(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鹿(lu)町巖洞修煉(lian)(lian)(lian)，后人(ren)(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“黃(huang)伯陽洞”。秦始(shi)(shi)皇(huang)東(dong)封泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，曾條(tiao)算訪(fang)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)羨門高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蹤跡(ji)；又傳說(shuo)秦始(shi)(shi)皇(huang)求見修煉(lian)(lian)(lian)于(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)南仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)期山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，“與(yu)語三日(ri)而去(qu) ”。漢(han)武帝(di)(di)(di)對(dui)李少君提(ti)(ti)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“修煉(lian)(lian)(lian)、封禪、長生(sheng)(sheng)”三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)融為(wei)(wei)一(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建議極感興(xing)(xing)趣，一(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)七次(ci)到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符箓(lu)有(you)(you)“五(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)真(zhen)形之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圖”而東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)真(zhen)形列其首(shou)，東(dong)方(fang)塑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《五(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)真(zhen)圖序》說(shuo)：“東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君領(ling)群(qun)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)五(wu)(wu)千九百人(ren)(ren)(ren)，……泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君青服青袍(pao)，戴(dai)蒼(cang)碧七稱(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠，佩(pei)通(tong)陽太(tai)平之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)印，乘(cheng)青龍從(cong)群(qun)官來(lai)迎子(zi)(zi)”。魏晉時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曹植，多次(ci)登臨(lin)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，留下了(le)(le)不(bu)少求仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)問道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)篇(pian) ：“ 仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)攬六(liu)著，對(dui)博泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)隅(yu)”；“驅(qu)風(feng)游(you)五(wu)(wu)海，東(dong)過王(wang)母廬；俯視五(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)間，人(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)如寄(ji)居(ju)”《仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)篇(pian)》。“晨游(you)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，云(yun)霧窈窕”； “西登玉樓，金樓復道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)；授我仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)藥，神皇(huang)所(suo)造(zao)；教我服食(shi)，還精補腦”。《飛龍篇(pian)》李唐(tang)王(wang)朝(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)統治者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)認道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創始(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)老(lao)子(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)祖(zu)宗(zong)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教活動更(geng)加(jia)興(xing)(xing)盛。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳下有(you)(you)座道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)觀(guan)名(ming)曰“岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)”，傳為(wei)(wei)黃(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)始(shi)(shi)建，（李諤《瑤池記》）唐(tang)朝(chao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)統治者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)多次(ci)遣(qian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)士(shi)(shi)(shi)致祭(ji)，原勒(le)于(yu)(yu)岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)唐(tang)《雙束碑》為(wei)(wei)我們提(ti)(ti)供了(le)(le)這方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資料。其一(yi)日(ri)，唐(tang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)宗(zong)顯慶(qing)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)661年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，即(ji)武則(ze)天攝政(zheng)第(di)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）二月(yue)(yue)二十二日(ri)，“敕(chi)使東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)郭行(xing)真(zhen)，弟(di)子(zi)(zi)陳(chen)蘭茂(mao)、杜知古、馬(ma)知止，奉為(wei)(wei)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)后七日(ri)行(xing)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，造(zao)塑像一(yi)驅(qu)，二真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)夾侍(shi)。”再者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)睿宗(zong)手敕(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刻辭文(wen)字(zi)，講的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是睿宗(zong)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)遣(qian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)士(shi)(shi)(shi)楊太(tai)希到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)燒(shao)香事，辭日(ri)：“景云(yun)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)771年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）六(liu)月(yue)(yue)二十三日(ri)，皇(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)敬憑(ping)太(tai)清觀(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)士(shi)(shi)(shi)楊太(tai)希，于(yu)(yu)名(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)斫燒(shao)香供養。惟靈(ling)(ling)蘊秘(mi)凝真(zhen)，含幽綜妙，類(lei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)旻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亭(ting)育，同厚(hou)載(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陶鈞。蓄池煙云(yun)，蔽虧(kui)日(ri)月(yue)(yue)，五(wu)(wu)芝標(biao)秀，八桂(gui)流芳，翠嶺萬尋，青溪千仞。蟣裳戾止，恒為(wei)(wei)碧落(luo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庭；鶴架來(lai)游(you)，即(ji)是玉京之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)域。百祥覃于(yu)(yu)遠邇，五(wu)(wu)福被于(yu)(yu)黎元(yuan)，往(wang)帝(di)(di)(di)所(suo)以馳心，前王(wang)由(you)其載(zai)想。朕(zhen)恭庸寶位，嗣守(shou)昌圖，恐(kong)百姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)守(shou)，廣八方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。式(shi)陳(chen)香薦，用表(biao)深忠，實(shi)冀(ji)明(ming)靈(ling)(ling)，降茲休祉。所(suo)愿從(cong)茲以后，浹宇(yu)常(chang)安(an)；朕(zhen)躬男女(nv)六(liu)姻，永保(bao)如山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)壽；國朝(chao)官僚萬姓，長符擊壤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歡；鳥魚(yu)遂性于(yu)(yu)飛沉，夷狹歸心于(yu)(yu)邊徼。實(shi)希靈(ling)(ling)鑒，用副翹誠，今因(yin)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)師遣(qian)此不(bu)悉”。有(you)(you)唐(tang)一(yi)代(dai)，岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)齋醮(jiao)活動不(bu)斷(duan)，善(shan)男信女(nv)云(yun)集，由(you)此逐(zhu)漸形成(cheng)了(le)(le)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)。有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)將顯慶(qing)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)造(zao)像事成(cheng)而七日(ri)齋醮(jiao)活動視為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)正式(shi)出現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)志（袁(yuan)愛(ai)國：《泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)考(kao)識》，《民(min)俗研究》1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)第(di)4期），應(ying)該說(shuo)信仰(yang)有(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。不(bu)過值得注(zhu)意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是，對(dui)岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)造(zao)成(cheng)神像不(bu)大(da)可能年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)都(dou)慶(qing)賀(he)一(yi)番，因(yin)此唐(tang)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)應(ying)是隨齋醮(jiao)活動而成(cheng)會(hui)(hui)(hui)，也就(jiu)是說(shuo)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)尚無定(ding)制(zhi)，廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)模也不(bu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)太(tai)大(da)。只是到了(le)(le)宋代(dai)，把慶(qing)賀(he)東(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕(dan)辰（三月(yue)(yue)二十八日(ri)）作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要內容，明(ming)代(dai)又增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)(le)慶(qing)賀(he)碧霞元(yuan)君誕(dan)辰（四(si)月(yue)(yue)十八日(ri)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活動，這樣就(jiu)大(da)體界定(ding)了(le)(le)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)(hui)(hui)期時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間。

泰山東岳廟會2

泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)神東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)身世眾(zhong)說紛(fen)紜，但泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)神東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)倍受信仰是(shi)崇拜則(ze)是(shi)事實。有(you)謂東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)君“至神農朝(chao)，賜(si)天(tian)符都(dou)官(guan)號(hao)名(ming)府君，至漢明(ming)帝(di)(di)(di)封泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)元(yuan)帥”（《三教源流大(da)(da)(da)全》），這說明(ming)至少到漢代(dai)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)封號(hao)了。唐末(mo)時(shi)期，是(shi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)最為(wei)(wei)顯赫的(de)(de)時(shi)期，有(you)唐一(yi)代(dai)，先后有(you)封號(hao)“天(tian)中(zhong)王(wang)”、“天(tian)齊君”、“天(tian)齊王(wang)”、宋真宗朝(chao)，先加(jia)號(hao)為(wei)(wei)“仁圣天(tian)齊王(wang)”，后加(jia)封為(wei)(wei)“天(tian)齊仁圣帝(di)(di)(di)”。東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)不僅是(shi)神界之神，而且還成(cheng)了人間帝(di)(di)(di)王(wang)，有(you)夫人曰淑(shu)明(ming)，有(you)子曰三郎(lang)、四郎(lang)、七郎(lang)。宋真宗封禪(chan)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)時(shi)，定(ding)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)生日為(wei)(wei)三月二十(shi)(shi)八(ba)日（如《水滸(hu)傳》第七十(shi)(shi)三回(hui)講“三月二十(shi)(shi)八(ba)日，天(tian)齊圣帝(di)(di)(di)降誕之辰”），并決定(ding)年年慶賀，因(yin)而也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)使(shi)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)廟會(hui)形成(cheng)了定(ding)制，廟會(hui)的(de)(de)地點也(ye)由唐代(dai)時(shi)的(de)(de)岱岳(yue)觀(guan)一(yi)帶改名(ming)為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟（主祀(si)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)大(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)）了。

東岳(yue)廟(miao)(miao)或(huo)謂(wei)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)，即岱廟(miao)(miao)是(shi)(shi)也。岱廟(miao)(miao)創建(jian)于何時，有(you)人以岱廟(miao)(miao)內《大宋天(tian)貺殿(dian)(dian)(dian)碑銘》中有(you)“秦(qin)既作疇”、“漢亦起宮(gong)”，為(wei)據推斷創建(jian)于秦(qin)漢之際；也有(you)人則認為(wei)稍晚一些。拋開“創建(jian)”問題(ti)不論，唐(tang)宋時期已具有(you)相當規模則是(shi)(shi)有(you)據可查的(de)(de)。《大宋宣和重修泰(tai)岱廟(miao)(miao)碑》記載：“ 增至(zhi)宮(gong)宇”，“ 繚墻(qiang)外(wai)圍”，罡罳分(fen)翼(yi)，巋(kui)然(ran)如(ru)御(yu)都紫(zi)極，望之者知之神(shen)(shen)靈之宅。凡殿(dian)(dian)(dian) 、寢、堂、閣、門、亭、庫、館、樓(lou)、觀、廊、廡，合八百一十盈”。以宋代(dai)為(wei)背景(jing)的(de)(de)《水滸傳》對岱廟(miao)(miao)也有(you)著精彩的(de)(de)描寫：“廟(miao)(miao)居岱岳(yue)，山(shan)(shan)鎮乾(qian)坤，為(wei)山(shan)(shan)岳(yue)之至(zhi)尊，乃萬(wan)神(shen)(shen)之領袖。山(shan)(shan)頭伏檻，直望見弱水蓬萊；絕頂攀(pan)松，盡都是(shi)(shi)密(mi)云(yun)薄霧(wu)。樓(lou)臺森聳，疑是(shi)(shi)金烏展翅飛來；殿(dian)(dian)(dian)角(jiao)棱層(ceng)，定(ding)覺玉兔(tu)騰身(shen)走(zou)到。雕(diao)梁畫棟，碧瓦朱(zhu)檐。鳳扉(fei)亮而映黃紗(sha)，龜背繡簾(lian)垂(chui)錦帶。遙觀圣像(xiang)，九旒冕舜目堯(yao)眉；眉，近睹神(shen)(shen)顏(yan)，兗(yan)龍袍湯(tang)肩(jian)禹背。九天(tian)司(si)命，芙蓉冠(guan)掩(yan)映絳綃(xiao)認，炳錄赫黃袍偏稱藍田帶。左侍(shi)下(xia)玉簪珠履，右侍(shi)下(xia)紫(zi)綬金章。闔殿(dian)(dian)(dian)威嚴，護駕(jia)三千甲將；兩廊勇猛，勤王十萬(wan)鐵衣兵。五岳(yue)樓(lou)相接東宮(gong)，仁安(an)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)緊連北闕。蒿里山(shan)(shan)下(xia)，判官分(fen)七十二司(si)；白騾(luo)廟(miao)(miao)中，土神(shen)(shen)按(an)二十四(si)氣。管(guan)火(huo)池，鐵面太尉(wei)月(yue)月(yue)通靈；掌生死(si)，五道將軍年年顯圣。御(yu)香不斷，天(tian)神(shen)(shen)飛馬報丹書；祭(ji)祀依時，老(lao)幼望月(yue)祈(qi)獲福(fu)。嘉(jia)寧殿(dian)(dian)(dian)，祥(xiang)云(yun)杳靄；正陽(yang)門，瑞氣盤旋(xuan)。萬(wan)民朝拜碧霞君，四(si)方歸依仁圣帝(di)。”以慶賀(he)東岳(yue)大帝(di)誕辰為(wei)主要(yao)內容的(de)(de)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)，選址(zhi)在主祀東岳(yue)大帝(di)的(de)(de)東岳(yue)廟(miao)(miao)（岱廟(miao)(miao)）一帶是(shi)(shi)再妥(tuo)當不過的(de)(de)了。