果(guo)實扁平形,果(guo)頂凹入(ru),果(guo)皮底(di)(di)色乳(ru)(ru)黃,果(guo)面著鮮艷紅暈,茸毛中(zhong)(zhong)等,皮易(yi)剝離,果(guo)肉乳(ru)(ru)白色,近(jin)核(he)處微(wei)紅,硬溶質,微(wei)香,風味(wei)甜,含可溶性固形物11.2-13.6%。粘核(he),核(he)小,裂核(he)少。早露(lu)蟠桃成熟期是什么(me)時候?3月(yue)底(di)(di)4月(yue)初始花,6月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬成熟。
選地勢高爽的田塊,挖寬1米(mi)(mi)、深0.5-0.6米(mi)(mi)的條溝,條溝內(nei)撒入(ru)(ru)秸稈、雜草、樹枝等物,每(mei)畝不(bu)少于1000公(gong)(gong)斤,等生土(tu)凍酥后(hou),填入(ru)(ru)溝內(nei),再將熟土(tu)、過磷(lin)酸鈣(每(mei)畝150公(gong)(gong)斤)、有機(ji)肥(每(mei)畝2000公(gong)(gong)斤)拌勻(yun)填入(ru)(ru)溝內(nei),灌水沉實。做馬背式壟(long),壟(long)中間比兩端高20厘(li)米(mi)(mi)左右。春節前(qian)后(hou)定植,行(xing)株(zhu)距以(yi)5米(mi)(mi)×4米(mi)(mi)為好。
第一、二年(nian)萌芽(ya)時(shi)每(mei)(mei)株施(shi)(shi)尿素(su)0.25公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin),5-6月(yue)份每(mei)(mei)株施(shi)(shi)復合肥0.25公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)、餅肥1-1.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。每(mei)(mei)年(nian)9-10月(yue)從(cong)定植溝向外(wai)逐步(bu)深(shen)翻30-40厘米(mi),施(shi)(shi)入有(you)機(ji)肥、過(guo)磷酸(suan)鈣(gai)改良土(tu)壤,一般在(zai)第三年(nian)全園改良完(wan)成(cheng)。第三年(nian)花(hua)期噴(pen)硼(peng)肥液,5月(yue)中(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)每(mei)(mei)株追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)0.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)硫酸(suan)鉀復合肥,5月(yue)下旬(xun)(xun)每(mei)(mei)株追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)0.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)硫酸(suan)鉀。第四年(nian)起每(mei)(mei)年(nian)桃樹(shu)萌芽(ya)時(shi),根據樹(shu)勢(shi)適當追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)氮肥,花(hua)期繼續噴(pen)硼(peng)肥,5月(yue)中(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)每(mei)(mei)株追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)1-1.5公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)硫酸(suan)鉀復合肥,5月(yue)下旬(xun)(xun)每(mei)(mei)株追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)1公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)硫酸(suan)鉀,9-10月(yue)采(cai)用全面(mian)撒施(shi)(shi)深(shen)翻,每(mei)(mei)畝施(shi)(shi)有(you)機(ji)肥1500公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)左(zuo)右(you)。常年(nian)保持四周圍溝深(shen)在(zai)80厘米(mi)以上,田內(nei)溝深(shen)60厘米(mi),壟溝深(shen)40厘米(mi),防(fang)止田間(jian)積水。
樹形采用(yong)三(san)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自然開(kai)心形,植(zhi)后(hou)剪留50-60厘(li)米(mi)(mi)定(ding)干(gan),新(xin)(xin)(xin)梢長40厘(li)米(mi)(mi)時(shi),選3個生長健(jian)壯、分布(bu)均勻,較開(kai)張的(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)梢作(zuo)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其余枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條長40厘(li)米(mi)(mi)時(shi)留25厘(li)米(mi)(mi)重摘心促發二次枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),采用(yong)撐(cheng)、拉(la)的(de)方法調整主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)和方向,使(shi)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夾(jia)角(jiao)(jiao)為120度(du),開(kai)張角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)45度(du)左右(you)。夏剪及時(shi)疏去背上枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),冬季剪去主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)延長枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)1/3-1/2。第二、三(san)年(nian),在主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上每隔60厘(li)米(mi)(mi)配備側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),全樹共配備6-9個。重剪主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),輕(qing)剪側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),調節側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生長勢,使(shi)開(kai)張角(jiao)(jiao)度(du)在60-80度(du)。初(chu)果(guo)期(qi),冬季修剪以(yi)(yi)疏為主(zhu);進入盛果(guo)期(qi)后(hou),加強(qiang)結(jie)果(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組的(de)培養,采用(yong)雙枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)更新(xin)(xin)(xin)或單枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)更新(xin)(xin)(xin)法復壯果(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)控制(zhi)結(jie)果(guo)部位(wei)外移。
3月份花芽(ya)膨(peng)大后,用竹片刮去(qu)枝背上(shang)的花芽(ya)。花后15天(tian)和(he)30天(tian)分(fen)兩次疏去(qu)黃萎果(guo)(guo)(guo)、小果(guo)(guo)(guo)、畸形果(guo)(guo)(guo)等,保留(liu)枝條中上(shang)部生長均勻的好(hao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)。樹(shu)冠外(wai)圍和(he)上(shang)部多(duo)留(liu),內膛和(he)下(xia)部少留(liu),盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)期樹(shu)每株留(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)400-500只。
芽萌(meng)動后展葉前(qian)噴(pen)(pen)1遍1:1:100倍(bei)等(deng)量式(shi)波(bo)爾(er)多液。展葉后噴(pen)(pen)1遍吡蟲啉防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)蚜蟲。花后至采收前(qian)15天,每(mei)隔10天左右(you)交替使用70%甲基托布津可(ke)濕性粉劑800倍(bei)液、硫酸鏈霉(mei)素4000倍(bei)液等(deng)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)細菌(jun)性穿孔病、炭(tan)疽病、褐腐(fu)病等(deng)病害(hai);用菊酯(zhi)類殺蟲劑、樂斯本、吡蟲啉、噠(da)螨(man)靈(ling)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)食心(xin)蟲、蚜蟲、蚧殼蟲、螨(man)類等(deng)。及時清理(li)桃園(yuan)內的爛果、枯枝、落葉、雜草(cao),降低病蟲基數(shu),冬季(ji)修剪后,周到細致地噴(pen)(pen)1次(ci)5波(bo)美度石硫合(he)劑。
第二年(nian)7月下旬(xun)選晴(qing)天(tian)傍晚噴15%多(duo)效唑300倍液(ye),間隔20天(tian)左(zuo)右(you)再噴1次。第三(san)年(nian)早春(chun)萌(meng)芽前(qian)后(hou)每株使用多(duo)效唑10克(ke)左(zuo)右(you)。第四年(nian)起每年(nian)在(zai)春(chun)梢長度(du)不(bu)到20厘米時根(gen)據樹勢噴15%多(duo)效唑300-500倍液(ye)。
張(zhang)家港市在(zai)1999年(nian)冬從北京(jing)引進(jin)該品種(zhong)種(zhong)苗(miao)2000株,經過6年(nian)的栽培試驗,該品種(zhong)表現為(wei)樹勢中庸、樹姿開張(zhang)、復花(hua)芽居多(duo),花(hua)粉量多(duo),極豐產(chan)(chan)。3年(nian)生樹平均畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)量可達(da)750公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),盛產(chan)(chan)期畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)量可達(da)2000公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)以上,為(wei)確保果(guo)大質(zhi)優,畝(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)量宜(yi)控制(zhi)在(zai)1500公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)左右。平均單(dan)果(guo)重120克(ke),最大單(dan)果(guo)重237克(ke),2003-2005年(nian)市場批發價(jia)都在(zai)4-7元(yuan)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。而(er)且無需套(tao)袋(dai),管(guan)理省力(li),抗性強(qiang)。