【質量特色】
色(se)澤深紫(zi)紅色(se),鮮亮(liang)均(jun)勻;果形近球形,果肉(rou)厚且(qie)酥脆結實,核小而酥,酸甜適(shi)口
【地標地理】
西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥楊(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)原(yuan)產(chan)潮(chao)(chao)陽(yang)區(qu)(qu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)鎮(zhen),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)鎮(zhen)地(di)處廣東省(sheng)汕頭市潮(chao)(chao)陽(yang)區(qu)(qu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(東經(jing)116°25′46"~116°34′30" ,北(bei)(bei)緯23°18′00"~23°26′00"),位(wei)于潮(chao)(chao)陽(yang)城區(qu)(qu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)20公(gong)里處,東鄰河溪鎮(zhen),東北(bei)(bei)臨牛田洋(yang),南接和(he)平鎮(zhen),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)南接銅盂(yu)鎮(zhen),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)連(lian)谷饒鎮(zhen),北(bei)(bei)交關(guan)埠鎮(zhen)。自(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)向東南傾斜,平均海(hai)拔高(gao)度(du)140米。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥楊(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)生產(chan)地(di)域(yu)屬(shu)潮(chao)(chao)陽(yang)小北(bei)(bei)山(shan)(shan)麓的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心地(di)帶(dai),海(hai)拔高(gao)度(du)80米到160米之(zhi)間,由小北(bei)(bei)山(shan)(shan)麓中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)海(hai)田山(shan)(shan)及(ji)烏(wu)(wu)巖山(shan)(shan)組(zu)成橢圓(yuan)形(xing)盆地(di)。主要(yao)有內(nei)輋(ju)、龍溪、烏(wu)(wu)巖、外輋(ju) 、里溪、尖山(shan)(shan)、巖前、青山(shan)(shan)、埔(pu)尾、龍西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、興平、店后、洋(yang)文等村莊,種植西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥楊(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)面積(ji)700公(gong)頃。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)鎮(zhen)屬(shu)海(hai)洋(yang)季風(feng)(feng)氣候,但卻能形(xing)成相對獨特的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)氣候。產(chan)地(di)背風(feng)(feng)向陽(yang),氣候溫和(he)濕潤,雨量充(chong)沛,光(guang)照(zhao)充(chong)足,春季又有適度(du)的(de)(de)日(ri)夜溫差(cha),有利(li)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥楊(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)營養(yang)成分(fen)的(de)(de)轉化(hua)積(ji)累(lei),是(shi)(shi)栽培高(gao)品質(zhi)的(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥楊(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)最(zui)佳區(qu)(qu)域(yu)。小北(bei)(bei)山(shan)(shan)麓生產(chan)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)植被厚,有機質(zhi)含量高(gao),土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中(zhong)(zhong)所含的(de)(de)鐵、硼、錳、銅、鋅、鉬等微量元素多,壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)團粒結構(gou)好,自(zi)然肥力強(qiang),可耕作層深。山(shan)(shan)地(di)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)大多呈微酸性,pH值在4.5~6.5之(zhi)間,是(shi)(shi)生產(chan)高(gao)品質(zhi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥楊(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)天然區(qu)(qu)域(yu)。
【文化背景】
在民(min)(min)間(jian),相(xiang)(xiang)傳(chuan)(chuan),因眾仙(xian)(xian)喜歡吃楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei),固楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)又稱“仙(xian)(xian)果(guo)”。自元代(dai)以來,西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)內(nei)(nei)輋(ju)村便(bian)已有(you)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。內(nei)(nei)輋(ju)村,位于(yu)西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)西(xi)(xi)南部,據隆慶《潮(chao)陽縣志》所(suo)載:明嘉靖(jing)三十一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(1552)已有(you)人(ren)居住在此(ci),且村處(chu)小(xiao)北(bei)山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)部內(nei)(nei)圍山(shan)(shan)中(zhong),故稱內(nei)(nei)輋(ju)村。古(gu)時(shi)(shi)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)成熟季節(jie)也(ye)是“青黃不(bu)接”時(shi)(shi)節(jie),山(shan)(shan)村農家正好用以換米(mi)糧度荒,貧窮山(shan)(shan)民(min)(min)更信楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)是眾仙(xian)(xian)賜給(gei)的(de)(de)(de)仙(xian)(xian)果(guo)樹。還(huan)有(you)關于(yu)烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo),相(xiang)(xiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)端午(wu)節(jie),八仙(xian)(xian)相(xiang)(xiang)約渡海(hai)從海(hai)門(men)上(shang)(shang)岸,來到西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)輋(ju)的(de)(de)(de)獅山(shan)(shan)品嘗“仙(xian)(xian)果(guo)”。恰逢村間(jian)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)老婦(fu)帶(dai)著孫子在門(men)口(kou)吃楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei),一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊將楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)核(he)(he)逐粒敲開(kai),取出(chu)核(he)(he)仁喂給(gei)孫子,老婦(fu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊禱念著:要是楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)不(bu)那么(me)酸,核(he)(he)易(yi)易(yi)裂(lie)開(kai)就好了。好周濟窮人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)藍采和聽后(hou)請(qing)鐵拐李幫忙,鐵拐李拿起一(yi)(yi)(yi)粒楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei),含入口(kou)中(zhong)咬(yao)了一(yi)(yi)(yi)下,然(ran)后(hou)放入葫蘆里搖了八圈,再把楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)播到內(nei)(nei)輋(ju)獅山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang),從此(ci)以后(hou),獅山(shan)(shan)就長出(chu)了酥(su)(su)核(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei),果(guo)實(shi)還(huan)變得紫(zi)(zi)紅(hong)和不(bu)酸了,內(nei)(nei)輋(ju)農民(min)(min)世(shi)代(dai)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)和培育,相(xiang)(xiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)清朝末年(nian)內(nei)(nei)輋(ju)村民(min)(min)鄭董(dong)選擇優良單株(zhu)嫁接繁殖,種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)越來越多,因果(guo)色(se)紫(zi)(zi)紅(hong)(烏(wu)(wu))、果(guo)核(he)(he)很易(yi)咬(yao)裂(lie)(核(he)(he)殼(ke)酥(su)(su)脆),而被稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)。而端午(wu)節(jie)八仙(xian)(xian)食楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)(de)故事也(ye)在潮(chao)汕地區(qu)廣為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)流傳(chuan)(chuan)。現在,端午(wu)節(jie)買(mai)烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)“吃仙(xian)(xian)果(guo)”還(huan)在潮(chao)汕民(min)(min)間(jian)延成習俗。烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)在西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)還(huan)流傳(chuan)(chuan)著一(yi)(yi)(yi)曲凄怨美(mei)麗的(de)(de)(de)潮(chao)汕民(min)(min)間(jian)故事《姑嫂鳥》傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)。據說(shuo),古(gu)時(shi)(shi)有(you)姑嫂二人(ren)相(xiang)(xiang)依(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)命,小(xiao)姑心(xin)靈(ling)手巧(qiao),善繡百花(hua),唯因楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)花(hua)開(kai)之(zhi)期(qi)極短而尚未(wei)學會。一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian),小(xiao)姑在除(chu)夕(xi)夜執意上(shang)(shang)山(shan)(shan)觀察楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)花(hua)開(kai)形狀,不(bu)幸被老虎(hu)(hu)所(suo)害。其嫂次日上(shang)(shang)山(shan)(shan)尋(xun)找,遍山(shan)(shan)呼喊姑姑,見(jian)有(you)血跡(ji),方知姑姑已為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)老虎(hu)(hu)殘(can)害,隨斷斷續(xu)續(xu)慘呼“姑—虎(hu)(hu)、姑—虎(hu)(hu)”,終化為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)青鳥。至今(jin),當楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)出(chu)產季節(jie),必有(you)“姑嫂鳥”飛(fei)至楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang),發(fa)出(chu)令人(ren)心(xin)酸的(de)(de)(de)“姑虎(hu)(hu)、姑虎(hu)(hu)……”聲(sheng)聲(sheng)哀鳴。每(mei)年(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)到楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)時(shi)(shi)節(jie),西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)這(zhe)個邊遠之(zhi)地總會被人(ren)提起,被人(ren)惦(dian)記。西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)成熟以色(se)澤深紫(zi)(zi)紅(hong)色(se),黑里透紅(hong)且晶瑩,色(se)澤鮮亮(liang)均(jun)勻,核(he)(he)小(xiao)而酥(su)(su),果(guo)肉厚且酥(su)(su)脆結(jie)實(shi),滋味獨特,酸甜適(shi)口(kou),口(kou)感極佳而聞名。烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)在內(nei)(nei)輋(ju)村周邊,小(xiao)北(bei)山(shan)(shan)麓中(zhong)心(xin)地帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)村也(ye)引種(zhong)發(fa)展(zhan)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi),規模不(bu)斷擴(kuo)大。姑嫂鳥的(de)(de)(de)鳴聲(sheng),變為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)村農民(min)(min)豐收的(de)(de)(de)樂(le)曲和給(gei)惦(dian)記西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)者的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)信,西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)山(shan)(shan)村農民(min)(min)“西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)”的(de)(de)(de)吆喝聲(sheng)出(chu)現在潮(chao)陽境(jing)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)大街(jie)小(xiao)巷,特別(bie)是在潮(chao)陽北(bei)山(shan)(shan)片(pian)區(qu)與練(lian)江片(pian)區(qu)。久(jiu)而久(jiu)之(zhi),西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)產的(de)(de)(de)烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)就被人(ren)們習慣叫西(xi)(xi)臚(lu)(lu)(lu)烏(wu)(wu)酥(su)(su)楊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)梅(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)。
【品牌建設】
西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)酥(su)楊梅(mei)于(yu)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月列入省(sheng)級農(nong)業(ye)標準示范(fan)區(qu)(qu)。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月被農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)認定(ding)為(wei)無公(gong)(gong)害農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)驗(yan)收換證)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被廣東(dong)省(sheng)食(shi)品行(xing)業(ye)協會評為(wei)嶺南(nan)(nan)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)食(shi)品。為(wei)開發(fa)西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)豐富特(te)(te)(te)色(se)旅游(you)資(zi)源,發(fa)展(zhan)生(sheng)態(tai)旅游(you)經(jing)濟,西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)鎮(zhen)人(ren)(ren)民政府與潮陽區(qu)(qu)旅游(you)局以(yi)(yi)“發(fa)展(zhan)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)農(nong)業(ye)旅游(you),推進鄉村(cun)旅游(you)發(fa)展(zhan)”為(wei)亮點,于(yu)2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月31日~6月25日在西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)鎮(zhen)梅(mei)峰寺文化(hua)生(sheng)態(tai)休閑旅游(you)區(qu)(qu)舉辦以(yi)(yi)“楊梅(mei)飄香”為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)題(ti)的(de)楊梅(mei)節(jie)旅游(you)文化(hua)系列活動,并于(yu)5月31日舉行(xing)楊梅(mei)節(jie)開幕式,取(qu)得較好(hao)成績(ji)。從(cong)1974年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開始,西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)酥(su)楊梅(mei)十分暢銷(xiao)(xiao)。近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來,由于(yu)保鮮和(he)包裝技術(shu)逐漸改進,西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)酥(su)楊梅(mei)除銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)國(guo)內(nei)南(nan)(nan)方各(ge)省(sheng)市(shi)外(wai),還遠銷(xiao)(xiao)泰國(guo)、新加坡、港澳等(deng)國(guo)家和(he)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)。市(shi)場知名度(du)進一(yi)(yi)步提高,取(qu)得了很好(hao)的(de)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益和(he)社會效(xiao)益。汕(shan)頭市(shi)潮陽區(qu)(qu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)鎮(zhen)名優特(te)(te)(te)農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)從(cong)事汕(shan)頭市(shi)小北山(shan)(shan)(shan)麓區(qu)(qu)域特(te)(te)(te)有水果烏(wu)(wu)(wu)酥(su)楊梅(mei)的(de)無公(gong)(gong)害栽(zai)培示范(fan)及相(xiang)關原(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)植、銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)和(he)咨詢,是(shi)潮陽區(qu)(qu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)鎮(zhen)農(nong)業(ye)服務中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)重點試(shi)驗(yan)園地(di)(di)(di)。基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)擁有專(zhuan)業(ye)技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)員12人(ren)(ren),其中(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)(zhong)、高級技術(shu)職(zhi)稱3人(ren)(ren)。基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)采(cai)取(qu)“中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)+基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)+農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)”產(chan)(chan)銷(xiao)(xiao)模式為(wei)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)果農(nong)提供產(chan)(chan)前、產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)、產(chan)(chan)后服務,推動現(xian)代良好(hao)特(te)(te)(te)色(se)農(nong)業(ye)的(de)健康(kang)發(fa)展(zhan)。基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)堅持以(yi)(yi)質量(liang)求生(sheng)存(cun)、求發(fa)展(zhan),努力參照HACCP質量(liang)管理體(ti)系對生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)進行(xing)計劃、組織、指(zhi)導(dao)、監督、協調,對肥料和(he)產(chan)(chan)品嚴格抽樣(yang)檢查(cha),做好(hao)記錄(lu)存(cun)檔。目(mu)前,西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)鎮(zhen)區(qu)(qu)域內(nei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)酥(su)楊梅(mei)種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積約700公(gong)(gong)頃, 集中(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)植于(yu)小北山(shan)(shan)(shan)麓的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)地(di)(di)(di)帶,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)160萬公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)左右,平均銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)價格在50元/kg以(yi)(yi)上,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)值近8000萬元。目(mu)前種(zhong)(zhong)植主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)區(qu)(qu)域有內(nei)輋(ju)、龍(long)溪、烏(wu)(wu)(wu)巖(yan)、外(wai)輋(ju)、里溪、尖山(shan)(shan)(shan)、巖(yan)前、青山(shan)(shan)(shan)、埔尾、龍(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、興平、店(dian)后、洋文等(deng)村(cun)莊(zhuang)均大量(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)植西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)酥(su)楊梅(mei)。其中(zhong)(zhong)內(nei)輋(ju)村(cun)近7成農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)種(zhong)(zhong)植西(xi)(xi)(xi)臚(lu)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)酥(su)楊梅(mei),農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)有1500戶(hu)(hu),人(ren)(ren)口達(da)9500人(ren)(ren),種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積190公(gong)(gong)頃,一(yi)(yi)般年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)份總產(chan)(chan)量(liang)約40萬公(gong)(gong)斤(jin),按(an)市(shi)價總值約2100萬元,占農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)收入60%左右,是(shi)該村(cun)村(cun)民主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)經(jing)濟收入。