龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)米(mi)是山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省濟南市章丘市龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)街道的(de)特(te)產。龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)米(mi)是全國四(si)大(da)名米(mi)之一,龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)“三珍(zhen)”之首,素(su)有龍(long)(long)米(mi)之稱。以(yi)其獨特(te)的(de)品(pin)質,曾被(bei)選為(wei)(wei)歷代(dai)皇室貢品(pin)。龍(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)米(mi)民間俗稱“陰天旱”,因其陰天時葉子卷曲貌似(si)天旱而得名,所產小(xiao)米(mi)香(xiang)(xiang)味濃(nong)郁、色澤金黃、籽大(da)粒圓、性粘味香(xiang)(xiang),煮成稀(xi)飯,表(biao)面有一層黃亮的(de)米(mi)油(you),食(shi)之醇香(xiang)(xiang)可口、實為(wei)(wei)滋補佳品(pin)。
基本內容
章丘市(shi)名產(chan)(chan)“龍(long)山(shan)小(xiao)米(mi)”,在歷史上為(wei)全國四(si)大貢米(mi)之一(yi)。相傳(chuan)自有“龍(long)山(shan)文化”以(yi)來就有“龍(long)山(shan)小(xiao)米(mi)”。從(cong)清(qing)朝乾隆年間開始向(xiang)皇帝進貢。“龍(long)山(shan)小(xiao)米(mi)”的營(ying)養很豐富,據化驗,它(ta)(ta)含脂(zhi)肪5. 26%,比其它(ta)(ta)小(xiao)米(mi)高2%;含蛋白質10%;維(wei)生(sheng)素A和維(wei)生(sheng)素B1及維(wei)生(sheng)素B2的含量也超過其它(ta)(ta)小(xiao)米(mi)。因此,人們把它(ta)(ta)作為(wei)敬養老人、哺(bu)育幼兒、滋補身體的佳品(pin)。“龍(long)山(shan)小(xiao)米(mi)”集中產(chan)(chan)于龍(long)山(shan)村周圍十里(li)內(nei),全都是旱田春播,不澆水,不施化肥(fei),多用農家肥(fei)和餅肥(fei),是一(yi)種無(wu)公害食品(pin)。購(gou)買(mai)指南(nan)及價格:收獲季節(jie)在每(mei)年9月(yue),價格每(mei)公斤2.0-2.4元左右,主要購(gou)買(mai)地(di)在龍(long)山(shan)鎮,購(gou)買(mai)時要注意(yi)新、陳米(mi)的區(qu)別:新米(mi)鮮黃、陳米(mi)暗黃。
龍(long)山小(xiao)米是(shi)章(zhang)丘的(de)(de)(de)著名特產,全國(guo)四大名米之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一,龍(long)山“三珍”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首,素(su)有(you)龍(long)米之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱。以其(qi)獨(du)特的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質,曾被選(xuan)為(wei)歷代皇室(shi)貢品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。龍(long)山小(xiao)米民間(jian)俗稱“陰(yin)(yin)天(tian)(tian)旱”,因其(qi)陰(yin)(yin)天(tian)(tian)時(shi)葉子卷曲貌似天(tian)(tian)旱而得名,所產小(xiao)米香味(wei)濃(nong)郁、色澤金黃、籽大粒圓、性粘(zhan)味(wei)香,煮成稀飯(fan),表面有(you)一層黃亮的(de)(de)(de)米油,食之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)醇香可口、實為(wei)滋補佳品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。《神農本草經》中(zhong)記述:“(龍(long)山小(xiao)米)其(qi)味(wei)咸、微寒(han)、養(yang)腎氣、除胃(wei)熱、治消渴(糖尿病),利小(xiao)便,具(ju)有(you)很高的(de)(de)(de)營(ying)養(yang)和藥用價值(zhi)。”距中(zhong)國(guo)科學院檢測分析,龍(long)山小(xiao)米蛋白質含(han)量(liang)12.3%,脂肪(fang)為(wei)5.6%,粗(cu)淀(dian)粉(fen)為(wei)74.95%,賴氨酸0.26%,并(bing)含(han)有(you)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)維(wei)生素(su)及多種(zhong)微量(liang)元素(su),其(qi)營(ying)養(yang)豐(feng)富,品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質優良,是(shi)目前市(shi)場最新(xin)興的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)公(gong)害食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),也是(shi)宴賓待客,饋贈(zeng)親(qin)友之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)珍品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。
龍山小米(mi)(mi)種植歷史(shi)悠久,春秋時期(qi)就(jiu)有種植,距(ju)今(jin)已有2000多年的歷史(shi),為(wei)(wei)清代全(quan)國四(si)大貢米(mi)(mi)之一(yi),被譽為(wei)(wei)“龍米(mi)(mi)”。相傳(chuan)乾(qian)隆(long)皇帝出(chu)(chu)巡(xun),路經章丘(qiu),西關高如恂(xun)接駕獻“龍米(mi)(mi)金湯”,甚(shen)得乾(qian)隆(long)稱贊,被封為(wei)(wei)貢米(mi)(mi)。龍山小米(mi)(mi)原品種為(wei)(wei)“東(dong)路陰天旱”春谷。其(qi)米(mi)(mi)粒圓大,色澤金黃晶亮(liang),出(chu)(chu)米(mi)(mi)率高,一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)80%以(yi)上。
龍(long)山(shan)(shan)小米(mi)產地(di)(di)(di)(di)以龍(long)山(shan)(shan)鎮北石人坡為(wei)(wei)(wei)中心,南至白谷(gu)堆,北至蘭家莊,西至蘆(lu)家寨(歷城(cheng)區),東至平陵城(cheng),方(fang)圓(yuan)5公里。尤其以龍(long)山(shan)(shan)村石人坡的400畝地(di)(di)(di)(di)最為(wei)(wei)(wei)聞名。這一帶為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)前(qian)(qian)洪積土,土層深厚(hou),土質為(wei)(wei)(wei)黃壤,質地(di)(di)(di)(di)較(jiao)肥沃,加之其地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)環境和(he)氣候條件較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)適宜谷(gu)子的生(sheng)長和(he)發育,具備了形成龍(long)山(shan)(shan)小米(mi)優良(liang)品質的得天獨厚(hou)的條件。因谷(gu)味隨生(sheng)長期長短而增減,故在種(zhong)植方(fang)法上(shang),均為(wei)(wei)(wei)旱(han)田春(chun)播(bo)。耕前(qian)(qian)施足農家肥,耙平耢細(xi),谷(gu)雨前(qian)(qian)后下種(zhong),品種(zhong)以“東路陰天旱(han)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),生(sheng)長期一般在120天以上(shang)。
龍山小米(mi)籽大(da)粒圓,色澤金黃(huang)(huang),性粘味香,營養豐富(fu),較(jiao)其他品種養分(fen)含量高(gao)。特別是煮稀飯時,表面(mian)有一層黃(huang)(huang)亮的米(mi)質油,食之(zhi)香味可(ke)口(kou),是產婦、老人的佳(jia)補食品。用龍山小米(mi)磨面(mian)做粥別具風味,濟(ji)南市有名(ming)的“八寶粥”“王家甜(tian)沫(mo)”等,均用龍山小米(mi)做原(yuan)料。據中國農(nong)科(ke)院化驗,此種小米(mi)含蛋白質11.2%、脂肪5.26%、賴氨酸0.25%、淀粉74.95%、維(wei)生(sheng)素A和維(wei)生(sheng)素B1及維(wei)生(sheng)素B2的含量也超過其它小米(mi)。