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一.產品介紹

連伯(bo)韭菜分布(bu)于山西省(sheng)南部(bu)河津市陽村(cun)鄉的連伯(bo)村(cun)、永安(an)村(cun)、太陽村(cun)、郭家莊(zhuang)村(cun)、峻嶺村(cun)5個行政村(cun)，地域保護范(fan)圍東經(jing)110°32′16″～110°32′20″，北緯35°08′18″～35°08′22″，認證面積2000公頃，年產量12萬(wan)噸。 連伯(bo)韭菜種(zhong)植歷史悠久(jiu)，根壯葉肥、葉皮寬厚無絲、白(bai)桿粗長，吃起來辣中帶甜，清香(xiang)可口，非常(chang)清脆，一(yi)掐就斷不(bu)帶絲。經(jing)鑒定，連伯(bo)韭菜每(mei)100克含蛋白(bai)質2.40-2.94g、脂肪0.40-0.49g、碳水(shui)化(hua)合物3.32-4.60g、膳(shan)食纖維(wei)1.24-1.40g。

二.自然生態(tai)環境和人(ren)文(wen)歷(li)史因素

土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)貌(mao)：土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中(zhong)性，PH值8.19，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)形成(cheng)和分(fen)布因過(guo)去(qu)受河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)泛濫，造(zao)成(cheng)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)主要(yao)有(you)(you)兩大類，其中(zhong)優(you)質(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)（砂(sha)壤(rang)(rang)腰粘耕(geng)(geng)(geng)種(zhong)淺(qian)色草(cao)甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)砂(sha)壤(rang)(rang)易耕(geng)(geng)(geng)種(zhong)，粘土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層能托水(shui)(shui)托肥，阻隔(ge)鹽(yan)分(fen)的占70%以上；較(jiao)差土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)（通體砂(sha)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)種(zhong)淺(qian)色草(cao)甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層松(song)散、無(wu)(wu)結構，通透性強(qiang)，保水(shui)(shui)保肥性差的約30%。據(ju)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)肥站測定，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)養分(fen)平均(jun)(jun)值：有(you)(you)機質(zhi)達到(dao)18.33g/kg，全(quan)N0.73/kg，堿解氮57.69mg/kg，速(su)P14.23mg/kg，速(su)K251.92mg/kg；有(you)(you)效銅1.22 mg/kg，有(you)(you)效鋅1.59mg/kg，水(shui)(shui)溶態硼1.14mg/kg，有(you)(you)效硫29.00mg/kg。特殊(shu)的土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)適合(he)生(sheng)產(chan)韭(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)，無(wu)(wu)可(ke)替代。水(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況：河(he)(he)津市黃(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)灘地(di)處(chu)(chu)汾、黃(huang)(huang)兩河(he)(he)交匯處(chu)(chu)，水(shui)(shui)域面積大，地(di)下水(shui)(shui)資源豐富(fu)(fu)，井灌(guan)發(fa)達，灌(guan)溉水(shui)(shui)均(jun)(jun)符合(he)無(wu)(wu)公害(hai)食品相應標(biao)準的要(yao)求，水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)質(zhi)量合(he)格，極有(you)(you)利于優(you)質(zhi)韭(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)。氣候情(qing)況：河(he)(he)津黃(huang)(huang)河(he)(he)灘地(di)處(chu)(chu)華(hua)北高(gao)原，位(wei)于山西省南部 ，地(di)勢平坦，南靠黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)高(gao)原坡(po)式(shi)地(di)帶，北依呂梁山末端禹門口，屬大陸溫(wen)帶季(ji)風(feng)氣候，四季(ji)分(fen)明、光(guang)、熱資源豐富(fu)(fu)，平均(jun)(jun)海拔(ba)360米(mi)，境內(nei)氣候溫(wen)和，年(nian)均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)14度(du)(du)， 晝夜溫(wen)差13℃，一月(yue)平均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)4度(du)(du)，最熱月(yue)份(fen)七月(yue)平均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)27度(du)(du)，年(nian)均(jun)(jun)降雨量550毫米(mi)，全(quan)年(nian)≥10℃可(ke)利用(yong)積溫(wen)在3830—4060℃之間，無(wu)(wu)霜期200天。年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)時數2060.6小時，光(guang)熱資源豐富(fu)(fu)，晝夜溫(wen)差較(jiao)大，自然條件獨特，是韭(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)生(sheng)長的優(you)勢區域。

三.地域范圍

根據《農產(chan)品地(di)理(li)標志(zhi)登記管理(li)辦(ban)法》的(de)規(gui)定以(yi)及連伯韭菜(cai)特有的(de)自然(ran)生態(tai)環境條(tiao)件，在(zai)廣泛(fan)征(zheng)求意見的(de)基礎上，劃(hua)定市(shi)連伯韭菜(cai)地(di)理(li)標志(zhi)地(di)域保護(hu)(hu)范圍：位于山西省(sheng)南部河津(jin)市(shi)陽(yang)村(cun)(cun)鄉的(de)連伯村(cun)(cun)、永安村(cun)(cun)，太陽(yang)村(cun)(cun)，郭家(jia)莊村(cun)(cun)、峻嶺村(cun)(cun)5個行政村(cun)(cun)。總生產(chan)面積(ji)2000公(gong)頃，年(nian)總產(chan)量為(wei)12萬噸。保護(hu)(hu)范圍位于東(dong)經110°32′16〞-110°32′20〞，北(bei)緯35°8′18〞-35°8′22〞，南北(bei)長7公(gong)里，東(dong)西寬9公(gong)里。

四.產品品質特性特征

產(chan)品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)特色外(wai)觀特征連(lian)(lian)伯韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)黃河灘沙地(di)(di)，加上(shang)其獨(du)特的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植技(ji)術，使連(lian)(lian)伯韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)不(bu)同于(yu)(yu)其它(ta)地(di)(di)方，吃(chi)起來辣(la)中帶(dai)甜，清香可口，非常(chang)清脆，一掐(qia)就斷(duan)不(bu)帶(dai)絲，已經(jing)形成“連(lian)(lian)伯韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)”的(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)優勢。連(lian)(lian)伯韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)根壯(zhuang)葉肥(fei)、葉皮寬(kuan)厚無絲、白桿粗(cu)長(chang)。內在品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)經(jing)鑒定(ding)，連(lian)(lian)伯韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)每00克(ke)含(han)總膳食纖(xian)維≥3.2-4.9 g、鈣(gai)9.0-4.0毫克(ke)、磷(lin)8.0-4.0毫克(ke)、鐵(tie)2.4-3.0毫克(ke)。韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)有(you)補肝、腎之功能，號稱(cheng)“壯(zhuang)陽草”。另外(wai)，韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)中含(han)有(you)大量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)鈣(gai)、磷(lin)、鐵(tie)、膳食纖(xian)維和維生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)c，尤其是維生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)c的(de)(de)含(han)量(liang)(liang)是西紅柿四倍，多吃(chi)韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，有(you)利于(yu)(yu)健(jian)康。產(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安全(quan)規范嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)行GB485農藥安全(quan)使用(yong)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)行GB/T8所有(you)部分農藥合理使用(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)則嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)行GB8079農作物種(zhong)(zhong)子嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)行農辦質(zhi)【2012】8號無公(gong)害(hai)食品(pin)(pin)韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)行NY500無公(gong)害(hai)食品(pin)(pin)蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)地(di)(di)環境條件規范生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)記錄，完善檔案，做好檢測(ce)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)按照(zhao)農委統(tong)一印制的(de)(de)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)記錄建立地(di)(di)理標(biao)志農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)連(lian)(lian)伯韭(jiu)(jiu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)檔案，詳細記錄投入(ru)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)采購(gou)地(di)(di)、名稱(cheng)、用(yong)量(liang)(liang)方法、注意事項等，并(bing)(bing)對各(ge)個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)環節所采取的(de)(de)技(ji)術措施嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)按照(zhao)無公(gong)害(hai)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)術規程進(jin)行并(bing)(bing)做好記錄。對每批商品(pin)(pin)要嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)行巡檢和抽樣檢查，并(bing)(bing)按農戶編(bian)號做好登記，嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)行嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)出和市(shi)場準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)入(ru)制度。

五(wu).特(te)定生產方式

連伯(bo)韭菜在(zai)地(di)塊選(xuan)擇、品種選(xuan)擇、栽培、肥水管理、病蟲(chong)害(hai)防治(zhi)和(he)割菜、包(bao)裝等(deng)生產過程中嚴格(ge)執行(xing)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)韭菜標準(zhun)化生產技術操作規程。

1.產地選擇與特殊內容規定選擇平整地塊，中等肥力土(tu)壤(rang)（有(you)機質10g/kg—20g/kg，全氮0.7g/kg—1.2g/kg，有(you)效磷10mg/kg—20mg/kg，速(su)效鉀(jia)100mg/kg—200mg/kg）每(mei)667平方米撒施腐熟的優質農家肥6000kg、氮、磷、鉀(jia)(15:15:15)復合(he)肥50kg做底肥，精耕細(xi)作，使土(tu)肥均勻，土(tu)壤(rang)細(xi)碎。做畦一般(ban)寬1.8m—2m，長度因地而定。

2.品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇與特定(ding)要(yao)求選(xuan)用(yong)耐(nai)寒、耐(nai)熱、抗病、分株力(li)強、產量高、商品(pin)性(xing)好的優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，拱棚和日光溫室栽培應選(xuan)擇休眠期短的品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。如連伯(bo)紅根(gen)韭、寒青、平韭2號、高桿環(huan)等。選(xuan)晴好天(tian)氣，曬種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1天(tian)，每667平方(fang)米用(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1kg—1.5kg。在播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前4天(tian)—5天(tian)，把種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子放入10%磷酸(suan)三鈉溶液(ye)中(zhong)浸泡20min，撈出洗(xi)凈(jing)，然后再在30℃—40℃溫水(shui)中(zhong)攪(jiao)拌(ban)，使水(shui)溫降至15℃—18℃，消除(chu)癟籽，浸泡24h（中(zhong)途換水(shui)1次(ci)—2次(ci)）。出水(shui)時搓洗(xi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子，稍晾干(gan)后用(yong)濕布包裹，放在15℃—18℃的地方(fang)催(cui)芽(ya)，每天(tian)用(yong)清水(shui)淘洗(xi)，經2天(tian)—3天(tian)胚(pei)根(gen)伸出。

3.生(sheng)(sheng)產過程管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)：采(cai)用(yong)撒播(bo)和(he)條播(bo)兩種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法。播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)壤(rang)口墑(di)好。撒播(bo)是(shi)將(jiang)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)均勻播(bo)于畦(qi)內，秧苗(miao)(miao)整(zheng)齊一(yi)(yi)致，條播(bo)是(shi)將(jiang)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)播(bo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)行距(ju)10cm—12cm，寬(kuan)2cm，深(shen)1.5cm—2cm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淺溝中(zhong)，便于管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。化學除(chu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)：種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)用(yong)30%除(chu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)通(tong)乳油100—150ml，噴(pen)灑封閉除(chu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)。幼(you)苗(miao)(miao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)：前(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)促苗(miao)(miao)，后(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)蹲(dun)苗(miao)(miao)；清(qing)除(chu)雜草(cao)(cao)(cao)；輕澆(jiao)(jiao)、勤(qin)澆(jiao)(jiao)，保(bao)持見干(gan)見濕(shi)，加強(qiang)(qiang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)；結(jie)合(he)(he)灌水(shui)(shui)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)2次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)—3次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，每(mei)(mei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素8kg—10kg；人(ren)工拔草(cao)(cao)(cao)2次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)—3次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)；防治(zhi)韭蛆；定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)不(bu)收(shou)割(ge)(ge)，以促進壯苗(miao)(miao)養(yang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)：定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)與作(zuo)(zuo)畦(qi)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)要做(zuo)到有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)無機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)配合(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)。每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充分腐(fu)熟(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圈肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)6000kg，氮(dan)、磷、鉀（15：15：15）復合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)50kg，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)整(zheng)地(di)作(zuo)(zuo)畦(qi)，畦(qi)寬(kuan)因栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)習(xi)慣和(he)薄膜(mo)幅寬(kuan)而異。韭菜(cai)(cai)(cai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間，根(gen)(gen)(gen)據播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)幼(you)苗(miao)(miao)大(da)小(xiao)而定(ding)(ding)(ding)，韭菜(cai)(cai)(cai)株(zhu)高18cm—20cm時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適期(qi)(qi)(qi)。春(chun)播(bo)大(da)約在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)70天—80天定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)，秋(qiu)播(bo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)清(qing)明以后(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)。選(xuan)擇壯苗(miao)(miao)，淘汰(tai)弱(ruo)苗(miao)(miao)；合(he)(he)理(li)(li)密(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)行距(ju)20cm、穴距(ju)12cm—15cm，每(mei)(mei)穴10株(zhu)左右；適當深(shen)栽(zai)，覆土(tu)深(shen)度(du)以葉(xie)鞘(qiao)露出地(di)面2cm—3cm為(wei)宜（不(bu)埋住分蘗節(jie)，）隨(sui)(sui)著植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)和(he)根(gen)(gen)(gen)系上移逐(zhu)漸封土(tu)，防止跳(tiao)根(gen)(gen)(gen)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)：澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)，前(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)澆(jiao)(jiao)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)8次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)—12次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，以保(bao)證幼(you)株(zhu)成活(huo)。中(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)當幼(you)苗(miao)(miao)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)新根(gen)(gen)(gen)新葉(xie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，再(zai)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)1次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。后(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)韭菜(cai)(cai)(cai)葉(xie)片生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最適時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，分蘗力強(qiang)(qiang)，生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)旺盛，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)每(mei)(mei)7天—10天澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)1次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。封凍(dong)前(qian)澆(jiao)(jiao)足(zu)封凍(dong)水(shui)(shui)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)當年(nian)(nian)著重(zhong)“養(yang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)壯秧”，不(bu)收(shou)割(ge)(ge)，如有韭花應及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)摘(zhai)除(chu)。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)韭菜(cai)(cai)(cai)葉(xie)片生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)旺盛期(qi)(qi)(qi)，結(jie)合(he)(he)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)2次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)—3次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)追(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素10kg—15kg，著重(zhong)養(yang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)壯棵。農事操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，蹲(dun)苗(miao)(miao)前(qian)中(zhong)耕1次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，深(shen)度(du)3cm，雨(yu)(yu)季(ji)(ji)連續中(zhong)耕2次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)—3次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)工清(qing)除(chu)田(tian)間雜草(cao)(cao)(cao)。第(di)(di)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)及(ji)以后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li) ：澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)，春(chun)季(ji)(ji)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)澆(jiao)(jiao)返青水(shui)(shui)，夏季(ji)(ji)減少澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)，注意防澇(lao)(lao)，秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)每(mei)(mei)7天—10天澆(jiao)(jiao)1次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)水(shui)(shui)，封凍(dong)前(qian)適時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)澆(jiao)(jiao)足(zu)封凍(dong)水(shui)(shui)。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)收(shou)割(ge)(ge)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)追(zhui)(zhui)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)宜二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)隨(sui)(sui)水(shui)(shui)。第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)收(shou)割(ge)(ge)后(hou)(hou)3天—4天，新葉(xie)長(chang)(chang)(chang)出后(hou)(hou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入，量宜小(xiao)，當葉(xie)子(zi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)到12cm左右，再(zai)追(zhui)(zhui)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，量可以稍大(da)。忌收(shou)割(ge)(ge)后(hou)(hou)立即追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，引起肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料危害。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)米(mi)(mi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氮(dan)、磷、鉀（15:15:15）復合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)30kg，或烏金膏沖(chong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)10—15升(sheng)。夏季(ji)(ji)控(kong)制(zhi)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)結(jie)合(he)(he)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)，每(mei)(mei)兩水(shui)(shui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或腐(fu)熟(shu)人(ren)糞尿(niao)，每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氮(dan)、磷、鉀（15:15:15）復合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)30kg，或烏金膏沖(chong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)10—15升(sheng)。農事操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，返青前(qian)，及(ji)早清(qing)除(chu)雜草(cao)(cao)(cao)及(ji)枯枝爛葉(xie)，耬(lou)平(ping)(ping)畦(qi)面，整(zheng)理(li)(li)畦(qi)埂。中(zhong)耕松土(tu)，隨(sui)(sui)著韭菜(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)，出現(xian)跳(tiao)根(gen)(gen)(gen)，應及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)(pei)土(tu)，每(mei)(mei)年(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，培(pei)(pei)土(tu)厚度(du)2cm左右。及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)摘(zhai)除(chu)幼(you)嫩(nen)花苔，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)雨(yu)(yu)季(ji)(ji)應排水(shui)(shui)防澇(lao)(lao)。

4.產品(pin)收獲及(ji)產后(hou)處理(li)規定收獲：當(dang)株(zhu)高30cm—50cm；平均單(dan)株(zhu)有5片—6片葉，每(mei)(mei)茬生育期(qi)25天(tian)以上，春韭從返(fan)青到第(di)一(yi)刀約需50天(tian)，第(di)二刀30天(tian)左(zuo)右。為便于包裝運輸，收割(ge)韭菜(cai)(cai)宜(yi)在傍(bang)晚進行。收韭菜(cai)(cai)刀口距地表(biao)應(ying)貼地表(biao)收割(ge)，每(mei)(mei)次收割(ge)后(hou)用耙子把地耙一(yi)遍，3天(tian)后(hou)韭菜(cai)(cai)傷口愈合(he)，新葉即將出時澆水追肥。

5.病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi):病(bing)(bing)害防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)要掌握預防(fang)(fang)(fang)為主(zhu)、綜(zong)合(he)治(zhi)理(li)的原則，播(bo)種前(qian)(qian)應(ying)清除(chu)田間(jian)雜草(cao)和枯枝爛(lan)葉，種子在(zai)播(bo)種前(qian)(qian)進(jin)行消毒；增施有機肥(fei)，及時(shi)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)追肥(fei)，補磷(lin)鉀肥(fei)，少施氮肥(fei)，養好(hao)茬；拱棚(peng)溫室栽(zai)培注意通風排濕(shi)(shi)(shi)；應(ying)用(yong)無滴膜或(huo)及時(shi)除(chu)霧(wu)滴，降低(di)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)。灰(hui)霉(mei)病(bing)(bing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：澆(jiao)地前(qian)(qian)后(hou)各噴(pen)(pen)打一(yi)次25%菌思(si)奇預防(fang)(fang)(fang)，每畝(mu)100ml兌水(shui)(shui)30—50公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)；拱棚(peng)發病(bing)(bing)初(chu)期每667平(ping)方米用(yong)10%腐(fu)霉(mei)利煙劑(ji)(ji)300g熏蒸一(yi)夜。發病(bing)(bing)初(chu)每隔5天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)—7天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)用(yong)25%菌思(si)奇+50%速克(ke)靈（福美利）混合(he)噴(pen)(pen)打，每次收(shou)后(hou)蓋(gai)土前(qian)(qian)都要噴(pen)(pen)，也可(ke)(ke)交替使(shi)用(yong)50%速克(ke)靈或(huo)50%撲海因1000—1500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)或(huo)施家樂或(huo)65%硫(liu)(liu)菌霉(mei)可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)粉劑(ji)(ji)1000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)。疫病(bing)(bing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：預防(fang)(fang)(fang)為主(zhu)。噴(pen)(pen)施50%甲(jia)霜銅可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)粉劑(ji)(ji)600倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)或(huo)72.2%普力克(ke)水(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)800倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)或(huo)72%霜霉(mei)威水(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)800倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)或(huo)60%琥乙磷(lin)鋁可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)粉劑(ji)(ji)600倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)隔8天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)—10天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)次，連續防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)2次—3次。收(shou)獲前(qian)(qian)15天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)停止用(yong)藥(yao)。韭蛆防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：播(bo)前(qian)(qian) 播(bo)前(qian)(qian)每畝(mu)撒(sa)入1.1苦(ku)參(can)堿粉劑(ji)(ji)3公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)或(huo)2%二嗪磷(lin)顆粒劑(ji)(ji)2公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，再耕(geng)翻，持效期長。成蟲(chong)(chong)羽化盛期：（4月(yue)(yue)中下(xia)旬(xun)，6月(yue)(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)，7月(yue)(yue)中下(xia)旬(xun)及10月(yue)(yue)中），噴(pen)(pen)40%辛硫(liu)(liu)磷(lin)1000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)或(huo)菊酯(zhi)類(lei)農藥(yao)如2.5%敵殺死(si)(si)2000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)。上(shang)午9時(shi)—11時(shi)噴(pen)(pen)藥(yao)效果最好(hao)。收(shou)獲前(qian)(qian)15天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)停止用(yong)藥(yao)。灌根：苗期韭蛆防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)結合(he)灌水(shui)(shui)進(jin)行。每667平(ping)方米用(yong)1.3%苦(ku)參(can)堿水(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)3kg—4kg，或(huo)40%毒死(si)(si)椑1000ml，或(huo)50%二嗪磷(lin)乳油1000ml，或(huo)40%辛硫(liu)(liu)磷(lin)乳油1000ml，先用(yong)去掉噴(pen)(pen)頭(tou)的噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)器順韭菜根部灌藥(yao)，隨后(hou)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)。在(zai)韭菜收(shou)割2天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)—3天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)后(hou)，隨第二次澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)用(yong)上(shang)述方法灌根或(huo)用(yong)25%愛卡士(shi)乳油1000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)或(huo)47%樂斯本乳油500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)潑澆(jiao)。潛(qian)葉蠅(ying)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：在(zai)產卵盛期至幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)卵孵化初(chu)期，噴(pen)(pen)75%滅蠅(ying)胺(an)5000—7000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)，或(huo)2.5%溴氰菊酯(zhi)等菊酯(zhi)類(lei)農藥(yao)1500—2000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)。薊馬(ma)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：在(zai)幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)發生(sheng)盛期，噴(pen)(pen)10%吡蟲(chong)(chong)啉4000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)，或(huo)3%啶蟲(chong)(chong)脒3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)，或(huo)20%丁硫(liu)(liu)克(ke)百威2000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)。