一.產品介紹
在(zai)(zai)我們(men)(men)(men)(men)冀村仁(ren)巖(yan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai),腦(nao)(nao)(nao)袋是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能隨便讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)摸和(he)(he)拍(pai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),即使是(shi)(shi)(shi)無意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),也要(yao)引(yin)起(qi)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)警示:“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao),頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)碰就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)惱!”據說,這(zhe)(zhe)與那明末清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)初的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)關哩(li)! 仁(ren)巖(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),字(zi)古遺,丁丑年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1637)進士,曾(ceng)(ceng)任(ren)(ren)尉(wei)氏(shi)(shi)縣(xian)知縣(xian),歷官靈壽、雄(xiong)縣(xian),擢兵科給事(shi)中,曾(ceng)(ceng)因制軍事(shi)兵形條例(li)八事(shi)而(er)聞名,在(zai)(zai)朝為(wei)(wei)(wei)官時(shi),他(ta)(ta)(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)避權貴,曾(ceng)(ceng)彈(dan)劾周廷儒十大罪狀,論情(qing)似有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)義之嫌,但以(yi)(yi)公論,則(ze)顯得他(ta)(ta)(ta)大公無私。想當(dang)(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),提(ti)督袁繼(ji)咸被誣下(xia)(xia)(xia)獄,傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)薛宗(zong)周赴京伸冤(yuan)(yuan),曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)冤(yuan)(yuan)案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平反立(li)下(xia)(xia)(xia)了(le)汗馬(ma)功(gong)勞。。 就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)在(zai)(zai)大明崇(chong)禎(zhen)(zhen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian),曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)中一(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)子(zi)來了(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)少(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輕人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)三立(li)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),一(yi)(yi)(yi)個個英俊(jun)瀟灑風流(liu)倜儻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),由于(yu)他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)豁達開朗(lang),所以(yi)(yi)時(shi)常(chang)聚在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)談(tan)古論今(jin),并(bing)立(li)志報效(xiao)國家(jia)。 那時(shi)候,曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家(jia)中并(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)富裕,要(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)那十畝(mu)薄地墊底,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)艱難可想而(er)知,全仰(yang)仗那幾(ji)(ji)分土特產(chan)長(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),總(zong)算可以(yi)(yi)維持(chi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)去(qu)。 長(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)仁(ren)巖(yan)村傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土特產(chan),特點(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)面長(chang),甜而(er)有(you)(you)(you)絲(si),營養滋補功(gong)能極佳(jia),這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)(men)都有(you)(you)(you)“食(shi)(shi)補山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)冬春”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習慣。 曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)父親(qin)(qin)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)廷強,為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)樂(le)善好(hao)施,道(dao)惟古處,俠以(yi)(yi)義聞,曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)母(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)耿氏(shi)(shi)柔貞作則(ze),巽順(shun)宜家(jia)。每當(dang)(dang)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)省城的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同學來家(jia)里(li),他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)總(zong)要(yao)把平時(shi)舍不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得吃(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)拿出來,給年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輕人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)(men)炒兩道(dao)好(hao)菜。這(zhe)(zhe)也難怪,汾陽(yang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)好(hao)客(ke)是(shi)(shi)(shi)出了(le)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),在(zai)(zai)吃(chi)(chi)上(shang)也很(hen)(hen)講(jiang)究,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)管是(shi)(shi)(shi)豪富還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)貧寒之家(jia),來了(le)客(ke)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)總(zong)要(yao)想法調樣(yang)(yang)搞(gao)幾(ji)(ji)盤象樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)菜哩(li)! 同學當(dang)(dang)中有(you)(you)(you)個叫傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)陽(yang)曲人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),有(you)(you)(you)著(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)武藝,而(er)且還(huan)詩書(shu)(shu)畫并(bing)舉,與曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)特別好(hao),他(ta)(ta)(ta)發現(xian),只要(yao)他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)一(yi)(yi)(yi)來到(dao)(dao)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)家(jia),他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)總(zong)能吃(chi)(chi)到(dao)(dao)當(dang)(dang)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名菜――羊肉(rou)(rou)煨(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),因為(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)喜(xi)歡(huan)吃(chi)(chi),所以(yi)(yi)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)家(jia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)見他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)來了(le),總(zong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)拿這(zhe)(zhe)道(dao)菜來款待他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)。 “羊肉(rou)(rou)煨(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)”,“煨(wei)(wei)”字(zi)上(shang)見功(gong)夫,羊肉(rou)(rou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)紅潤(run)細嫩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)羯羊肉(rou)(rou),山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)潔白如(ru)玉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮長(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),通過慢火之“煨(wei)(wei)”,將羊肉(rou)(rou)和(he)(he)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精華煨(wei)(wei)成了(le)肥而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)膩(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湯汁,再加上(shang)幾(ji)(ji)段(duan)蔥綠青翠(cui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香芫荽,更(geng)讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)由得垂(chui)涎(xian)欲滴胃(wei)口大開。 傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)還(huan)發現(xian),村里(li)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)那些老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),一(yi)(yi)(yi)個個紅光滿(man)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都很(hen)(hen)精神,問及(ji)平常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飲(yin)食(shi)(shi)習慣,無外乎時(shi)常(chang)蒸食(shi)(shi)那些賣(mai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)掉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)疙節(jie)節(jie)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)對醫學本(ben)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)很(hen)(hen)感興趣(qu),回家(jia)后(hou)查閱資料(liao),才知道(dao)這(zhe)(zhe)長(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)公可以(yi)(yi)治諸虛百損,療五勞七傷,還(huan)具有(you)(you)(you)補心氣不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足、強精骨、益腎氣、健脾胃(wei)、化痰涎(xian)、潤(run)皮毛等美容功(gong)效(xiao)哩(li)!崇(chong)禎(zhen)(zhen)十六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),李自成攻(gong)陷(xian)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),長(chang)驅直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)入居(ju)庸(yong)關,一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)攻(gong)占北京,崇(chong)禎(zhen)(zhen)皇帝(di)吊死煤山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)軍入關,李自成敗(bai)走陜(shan)西。但是(shi)(shi)(shi),一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)到(dao)(dao)戰亂平息(xi),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)沒有(you)(you)(you)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)(ren)何消(xiao)息(xi),家(jia)里(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)都很(hen)(hen)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)楚,依(yi)他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脾性(xing),一(yi)(yi)(yi)定是(shi)(shi)(shi)舍生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)取義寧死不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久后(hou)得到(dao)(dao)實信(xin),果然他(ta)(ta)(ta)已經(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國捐軀了(le),于(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)村北曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)氏(shi)(shi)祖墳內為(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)設(she)衣冠冢(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座,以(yi)(yi)示紀念。那一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),家(jia)中老(lao)(lao)母(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)病重,傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)結合(he)母(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病情(qing),在(zai)(zai)仁(ren)巖(yan)“羊肉(rou)(rou)煨(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang),加了(le)蓮菜等材(cai)料(liao),制成有(you)(you)(you)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“八珍湯”,也叫“十全大補湯”。清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)兵入關后(hou),傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多(duo)次(ci)組織反清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)復明活(huo)動(dong),但總(zong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)失(shi)敗(bai)而(er)告終,心灰意(yi)冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)將“八珍湯”改名為(wei)(wei)(wei)“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)”,在(zai)(zai)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)橋頭(tou)(tou)(tou)街,傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)專賣(mai)“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋪子(zi)寫下(xia)(xia)(xia)了(le)“清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)和(he)(he)元”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招牌,以(yi)(yi)“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)”原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)之雜(za)碎(sui)寓諷大清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)朝與元朝一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)(yang),都是(shi)(shi)(shi)異族侵入,以(yi)(yi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)與“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)”這(zhe)(zhe)同音,以(yi)(yi)體現(xian)傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民族氣節(jie)。清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)順(shun)治八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),傅山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)同三晉著(zhu)名詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)胡庭來到(dao)(dao)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)家(jia),他(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)看(kan)望了(le)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)父母(mu)(mu),有(you)(you)(you)感于(yu)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)英勇不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈慷慨而(er)戰為(wei)(wei)(wei)國捐軀,他(ta)(ta)(ta)奮(fen)筆疾書(shu)(shu)寫下(xia)(xia)(xia)了(le)“古遺先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)屬:第一(yi)(yi)(yi)流(liu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)匾額(e),以(yi)(yi)贊揚曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民族氣節(jie),此匾額(e)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)懸掛在(zai)(zai)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尚堂門(men)廊下(xia)(xia)(xia),日本(ben)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)占據仁(ren)巖(yan)時(shi)被毀(hui)。太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)”,曾(ceng)(ceng)做為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)西的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢品呈獻大清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)王朝,尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)那注(zhu)重美容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西太(tai)后(hou),對太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)”更(geng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)情(qing)有(you)(you)(you)獨鐘。據愛好(hao)美食(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)北京們(men)(men)(men)(men)講(jiang),在(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)宮膳食(shi)(shi)譜(pu)中,長(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)地還(huan)特別注(zhu)明為(wei)(wei)(wei)“汾陽(yang)仁(ren)巖(yan)長(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)”,這(zhe)(zhe)使得當(dang)(dang)時(shi)與白面同價的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仁(ren)巖(yan)長(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)間(jian)名揚京城。
二.自然生(sheng)態(tai)環境和人文歷史因素
冀村鎮(zhen)境(jing)(jing)內地(di)(di)勢(shi)平(ping)坦(tan),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)肥(fei)沃(wo),氣候適中,水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)充足具有(you)優(you)越獨(du)特的(de)(de)生長環境(jing)(jing)。該地(di)(di)地(di)(di)處(chu)黃土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)高原地(di)(di)帶,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)厚(hou)、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)松地(di)(di)肥(fei)、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)為(wei)(wei)酸堿度接近中性的(de)(de)沙壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)。全境(jing)(jing)地(di)(di)勢(shi)平(ping)坦(tan),海拔739米(mi)左(zuo)右。年平(ping)均氣溫(wen)9.7℃,無霜期178天,年平(ping)均降水(shui)(shui)467.2毫米(mi),境(jing)(jing)內年平(ping)均相對濕度為(wei)(wei)61%。日(ri)照(zhao)比(bi)較(jiao)充足,光照(zhao)條件較(jiao)好,太陽(yang)年輻射(she)量為(wei)(wei)132.4千卡/平(ping)方厘米(mi)左(zuo)右,年日(ri)照(zhao)平(ping)均時數在2607~2974小時之間。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)厚(hou),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)不粘不沙,保水(shui)(shui)保肥(fei),有(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)豐富(fu),境(jing)(jing)內干濕季(ji)交(jiao)替明顯(xian),有(you)利(li)于(yu)有(you)機物質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)分(fen)解和礦(kuang)物質(zhi)(zhi)風化(hua),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)表層(ceng)(ceng)70%以上(shang)為(wei)(wei)砂質(zhi)(zhi)到壤(rang)質(zhi)(zhi),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)厚(hou),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)均勻(yun),通透性好,有(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)均含量為(wei)(wei)2.9%。這里土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)肥(fei)沃(wo),交(jiao)通順暢,地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)位較(jiao)深(shen),且蘊(yun)藏量大,渠道縱橫,灌溉便利(li),獨(du)特的(de)(de)環境(jing)(jing)和優(you)越的(de)(de)氣候條件有(you)利(li)于(yu)冀村長山藥的(de)(de)生長,為(wei)(wei)冀村長山藥的(de)(de)優(you)良品質(zhi)(zhi)提供了強大的(de)(de)優(you)勢(shi)。
三.地域范圍
根據冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)長山藥的(de)產地(di)特點(dian)和品質(zhi)要求,冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)長山藥地(di)理(li)標志地(di)域保護范圍確定在:汾(fen)陽市境內的(de)冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮、杏花村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮等2個鎮23個行政村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),即:冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮的(de)冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、仁巖村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、艾(ai)子(zi)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、唐(tang)興村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、城子(zi)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、古賢莊(zhuang)(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、南浦村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東河頭村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東馬(ma)寨(zhai)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東陳家莊(zhuang)(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東遙莊(zhuang)(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、大(da)會頭村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、菩提莊(zhuang)(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東宋家莊(zhuang)(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、西九枝社村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東九枝社村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、李家莊(zhuang)(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東社村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、富家莊(zhuang)(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和杏花村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮的(de)杜村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、辛莊(zhuang)(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、永安村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、官道村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。總面積(ji)5002.02公頃,產量120048噸。地(di)理(li)坐標:北緯(wei)37°15'2"~37°22'10",東經(jing)111°53'50"~112°0'2"。全境地(di)勢(shi)平坦,平均海拔739米。自然(ran)地(di)形為開闊平坦的(de)沖積(ji)平原,是太原盆地(di)的(de)一(yi)部(bu)分。
四.產品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質特性特征
1.外(wai)在感官特征(zheng):冀村(cun)長山藥條塊(kuai)順直(zhi),塊(kuai)莖(jing)肉質肥厚,直(zhi)徑5厘米左右(you),圓(yuan)柱形,表皮光潔色(se)淡,有(you)紫(zi)紅(hong)斑,根(gen)毛細而(er)稀少,皮薄、薯肉色(se)澤潔白(bai),肉質細膩無(wu)纖維,易熟,熟后性(xing)綿,質地綿而(er)不柴(chai),香氣濃郁。掰(bai)開后有(you)白(bai)色(se)黏液,黏度高、粉性(xing)足、色(se)白(bai)、肉身如玉,啖食無(wu)渣。
2.內在(zai)質量(liang)指標:冀村(cun)長山(shan)藥(yao)營養價值高,可(ke)食率(以(yi)質量(liang)計)>95.0%。山(shan)藥(yao)塊莖中(zhong)蛋(dan)白質含(han)量(liang)約2.0~3.5g/100g,淀粉含(han)量(liang)9.8~16.5g/100g,總膳(shan)食纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)(以(yi)干基(ji)計)4.0~5.6g/100g,鈣8.2~10.3mg/100g,鉀388~527mg/100g,鐵0.10~0.36mg/100g,粗纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)0.37~0.59g/100g,粗多糖(tang)(以(yi)葡萄糖(tang)計)0.41~0.66g/100g,維(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)素C 7.3~9.1mg/100g,維(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)素B1 0.037~0.063mg/100g,可(ke)溶性(xing)固形(xing)物5.7~8.3%。
3.安(an)全(quan)要求:嚴格按照“冀村(cun)長山藥栽培技術規程”進(jin)行(xing)生產和管理。“冀村(cun)長山藥”合理使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)肥料、農(nong)(nong)藥等農(nong)(nong)業投入品,嚴禁(jin)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)國(guo)家明令禁(jin)止使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的高劇毒、高殘留(liu)農(nong)(nong)藥,嚴格執行(xing)農(nong)(nong)藥使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)安(an)全(quan)間隔(ge)期。在收購前15天,對生產基地隨機(ji)抽(chou)取樣品進(jin)行(xing)農(nong)(nong)殘和重金(jin)屬檢驗(yan),符合NY5112-2005產業標準以及無(wu)公害(hai)食品NY5013-2006林果類產品產地環境條件,以及GB4285農(nong)(nong)藥安(an)全(quan)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)準則,GB/T8321農(nong)(nong)藥合理使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)準則等相關標準和要求。
五.特定生產(chan)方式(shi)
1.產(chan)地(di)選擇與特殊內(nei)容規定產(chan)地(di)要(yao)求:汾陽市(shi)冀(ji)村鎮,土(tu)壤(rang)為(wei)酸堿度接近中性的(de)壤(rang)質土(tu)地(di),土(tu)種類型(xing)為(wei)褐土(tu),土(tu)層(ceng)深厚,通(tong)透性好(hao)。土(tu)質結構組成(cheng)合理、質地(di)好(hao),特別適(shi)合于冀(ji)村長(chang)山藥(yao)種植生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)。環境質量:冀(ji)村長(chang)山藥(yao)基(ji)地(di)遠離城區(qu)(qu)、工業污染源(yuan)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)活垃圾場等(deng)。要(yao)選擇空(kong)氣清新、水質純凈(jing),具有良好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境的(de)地(di)區(qu)(qu)。
2.品(pin)(pin)種選(xuan)擇與提純復壯(zhuang)(zhuang) 冀(ji)村長(chang)山(shan)藥(yao)品(pin)(pin)種為(wei)歷史(shi)上遺留(liu)下(xia)(xia)來的(de)地方品(pin)(pin)種——汾山(shan)藥(yao)。由于山(shan)藥(yao)是(shi)無性繁(fan)殖(zhi),連(lian)續多(duo)年栽培必然造(zao)成品(pin)(pin)種退(tui)化,產量(liang)下(xia)(xia)降。在有關技術人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)指導(dao)下(xia)(xia),通過種薯(shu)選(xuan)優與山(shan)藥(yao)豆(dou)(零余子(zi))繁(fan)殖(zhi)相(xiang)結合的(de)方法(fa)進(jin)行提純復壯(zhuang)(zhuang),每(mei)年收獲(huo)時或出售(shou)前(qian)截秧(yang)子(zi)時按照整(zheng)薯(shu)質量(liang)選(xuan)留(liu)秧(yang)子(zi),選(xuan)留(liu)的(de)標準是(shi)秧(yang)辮子(zi)粗(cu)短,頂芽(ya)飽(bao)滿,塊莖光潔個大,無分枝分杈,無病(bing)蟲(chong)危害,而將不(bu)標準秧(yang)子(zi)淘汰。同時每(mei)年用(yong)山(shan)藥(yao)豆(dou)繁(fan)殖(zhi)一些新秧(yang)子(zi),以補(bu)充不(bu)足部分。
3. 生產控制
(1)整地(di)施(shi)(shi)肥整地(di):土(tu)壤封(feng)凍(dong)前耕(geng)地(di),按120cm帶劃線挖溝(gou)(gou),溝(gou)(gou)寬50cm,深60~100cm,溝(gou)(gou)間距70cm。將挖出的(de)土(tu)放在溝(gou)(gou)兩(liang)邊,經過(guo)冬季凍(dong)融(rong)日曬分(fen)(fen)化后(hou),于第2 年(nian)春(chun)天土(tu)壤解凍(dong)后(hou),在溝(gou)(gou)內(nei)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)土(tu),回(hui)填(tian)(tian)時(shi)要(yao)分(fen)(fen)層踩實(shi)。然后(hou)進行施(shi)(shi)肥做(zuo)畦(qi)(qi),畦(qi)(qi)寬120cm,使(shi)溝(gou)(gou)居畦(qi)(qi)中。施(shi)(shi)肥:肥料(liao)使(shi)用要(yao)符合DB14/87中肥料(liao)使(shi)用準則,滿足無(wu)公害山藥對肥料(liao)的(de)要(yao)求,結合回(hui)填(tian)(tian)土(tu),一(yi)般每公頃施(shi)(shi)優(you)質有機肥45000kg,硫酸鉀(jia)型氮磷鉀(jia)(氮、磷、鉀(jia)含(han)量(liang)分(fen)(fen)別是15%)復合肥600~750kg。
(2)種(zhong)(zhong)薯(shu)處理選種(zhong)(zhong):選用(yong)(yong)經過休眠的(de)健(jian)壯、無病山藥栽子,或直徑3-4cm左右(you),長(chang)10cm的(de)山藥段。曬(shai)(shai)種(zhong)(zhong):播種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)進行曬(shai)(shai)種(zhong)(zhong),栽子曬(shai)(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)2~3天(tian),山藥段曬(shai)(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)4~5天(tian)。藥劑浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong):播種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)為防(fang)止種(zhong)(zhong)薯(shu)帶病,要用(yong)(yong)0.1%~0.3%的(de)鐵滅克(TMK)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)7~10h防(fang)治(zhi)山藥線(xian)蟲病,用(yong)(yong)50%的(de)多菌靈可濕性粉(fen)劑500倍液(ye)(ye)浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)1h防(fang)治(zhi)枯(ku)萎病。
(3)播種播種期(qi):10cm地(di)溫(wen)穩定(ding)在(zai)9~10℃時,開始播種。汾陽(yang)冀(ji)村地(di)區一般在(zai)4 月中旬。播種方(fang)法:在(zai)畦(qi)內挖溝(gou)(gou)的(de)地(di)方(fang)開小溝(gou)(gou),溝(gou)(gou)深8~10cm,每(mei)畦(qi)種2行,溝(gou)(gou)內2 行相距35cm,開溝(gou)(gou)后將栽子(zi)(種薯)以芽(ya)為準,按株距25~30cm,將芽(ya)朝(chao)一個(ge)方(fang)向平放溝(gou)(gou)中,覆土8cm后輕輕踩(cai)壓,使栽子(zi)與土壤緊密結合。播種量:每(mei)公頃(qing)用種薯57000~64500個(ge)。
(4)田間管理疏苗(miao)(miao):出苗(miao)(miao)后(hou),進(jin)行(xing)疏苗(miao)(miao)。畝留(liu)苗(miao)(miao)6000株左右(you)。適時(shi)(shi)支架(jia):山藥蔓(man)長(chang)(chang)30~50cm 時(shi)(shi),用竹竿或(huo)高(gao)粱(liang)稈(gan)每株插1根,搭(da)成人字架(jia)或(huo)四腳(jiao)架(jia),架(jia)高(gao)約2m,并(bing)(bing)及時(shi)(shi)扶(fu)蔓(man)上架(jia)。中(zhong)(zhong)耕松(song)(song)土(tu):在生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)季節要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)3~5次中(zhong)(zhong)耕松(song)(song)土(tu)并(bing)(bing)除(chu)草。合理澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui):播前澆(jiao)(jiao)足底(di)墑水(shui),促快發芽。生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)前期不澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui),待莖(jing)(jing)蔓(man)進(jin)入旺(wang)盛(sheng)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期(出苗(miao)(miao)后(hou)40~50天)澆(jiao)(jiao)發棵水(shui),現蕾前澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)促莖(jing)(jing)葉、塊莖(jing)(jing)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。現蕾后(hou)30天澆(jiao)(jiao)第3次水(shui),促塊莖(jing)(jing)增長(chang)(chang)。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei):發棵期進(jin)行(xing)1~2次追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei),每公頃施45%硫酸鉀型氮(dan)磷鉀復合肥(fei)450~600kg,并(bing)(bing)結合澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)進(jin)行(xing)。最后(hou)1次追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)應在收獲前30~40天進(jin)行(xing)。
(5)主(zhu)要病(bing)蟲害防治(zhi)按(an)(an)照“預防為主(zhu),綜合防治(zhi)”的(de)植保方(fang)針,堅(jian)持以“農業防治(zhi)、物(wu)(wu)理(li)防治(zhi)、生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防治(zhi)為主(zhu),化學(xue)(xue)防治(zhi)為輔”的(de)無(wu)害化控(kong)制原則,科學(xue)(xue)防治(zhi),保證生(sheng)產出安全優質的(de)長(chang)山藥產品。農業防治(zhi):實行1年以上(shang)的(de)輪作;陰雨天要注意排澇;(增加(jia)通(tong)透性(xing),避免株間郁蔽高濕;采(cai)收后將留在(zai)地上(shang)的(de)病(bing)殘體集中燒毀(hui)并深翻,減少越(yue)冬(dong)菌蟲源。化學(xue)(xue)防治(zhi):以生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)制劑(ji)(ji)為主(zhu),使(shi)(shi)用(yong)時嚴(yan)格按(an)(an)照GB 4285農藥安全使(shi)(shi)用(yong)標準(zhun)和GB/T8321規定執(zhi)行。腐爛病(bing)用(yong)72%農用(yong)鏈霉素可濕性(xing)粉劑(ji)(ji)3000倍液(ye)或77%氫氧化銅500倍液(ye)灌根。金(jin)針蟲、蠐(qi)螬等地下害蟲播種(zhong)時,在(zai)播種(zhong)溝內每(mei)公頃撒施(shi)3%辛(xin)硫(liu)磷顆粒劑(ji)(ji)22.5kg。
(6)采(cai)收(shou)和(he)(he)貯(zhu)藏采(cai)收(shou):霜降后(hou)地上(shang)莖葉(xie)干枯,應(ying)拔除地上(shang)藤蔓和(he)(he)架材(cai)進(jin)行采(cai)收(shou)。采(cai)收(shou)的(de)外觀要(yao)求為:塊莖表(biao)面(mian)沒有污染(ran)或(huo)其他外來(lai)物,無(wu)腐爛和(he)(he)病蟲、機(ji)械(xie)傷,按一定長度(du)分級包裝,整齊度(du)要(yao)達到90%以(yi)上(shang)。貯(zhu)藏:采(cai)用(yong)堆藏或(huo)窖藏等(deng)方式進(jin)行貯(zhu)藏,貯(zhu)藏溫度(du)4~5 ℃。生產記(ji)錄(lu)要(yao)求生產管理人(ren)員(yuan)負責對冀村長山藥生產各環節(jie)、病蟲防(fang)治和(he)(he)收(shou)購入庫過程的(de)記(ji)錄(lu),以(yi)保(bao)證產品生產過程質量控(kong)制。