一.產品介紹
在(zai)我們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)冀村仁(ren)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai),腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)袋是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)隨(sui)便讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)摸和拍(pai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),即使(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),也要引起當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)警示:“頭(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao),頭(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)碰就惱!”據說,這(zhe)與(yu)(yu)那明末清(qing)(qing)初的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)關(guan)哩! 仁(ren)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi),字古(gu)遺,丁丑(chou)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1637)進士,曾(ceng)任尉氏縣知(zhi)(zhi)縣,歷(li)官(guan)靈壽(shou)、雄縣,擢(zhuo)兵(bing)(bing)科給事中(zhong),曾(ceng)因制(zhi)軍(jun)事兵(bing)(bing)形條例八(ba)事而(er)聞名(ming)(ming)(ming),在(zai)朝(chao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)官(guan)時(shi)(shi)(shi),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)避權貴(gui),曾(ceng)彈劾(he)周(zhou)廷(ting)儒十大(da)罪狀(zhuang),論(lun)(lun)情似有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)義之(zhi)(zhi)嫌,但以(yi)公(gong)論(lun)(lun),則(ze)顯得他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)大(da)公(gong)無(wu)私(si)。想(xiang)當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian),提(ti)督袁(yuan)繼(ji)咸被(bei)誣下(xia)獄,傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)薛宗周(zhou)赴京(jing)伸冤,曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)冤案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)反(fan)(fan)立(li)下(xia)了(le)(le)汗馬(ma)功(gong)勞。。 就在(zai)大(da)明崇(chong)禎年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian),曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)家(jia)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)子(zi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)輕人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)太(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)三立(li)書(shu)院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個個英俊瀟灑風流(liu)倜儻(tang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),由于(yu)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)生(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)(xing)豁達(da)開(kai)朗(lang),所以(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)常聚在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起談(tan)古(gu)論(lun)(lun)今,并立(li)志(zhi)報效(xiao)國家(jia)。 那時(shi)(shi)(shi)候,曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家(jia)中(zhong)并不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)富(fu)裕,要不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)那十畝薄地墊底,生(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)艱難可(ke)想(xiang)而(er)知(zhi)(zhi),全仰(yang)仗那幾分(fen)土(tu)特(te)(te)產長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao),總算可(ke)以(yi)維持(chi)下(xia)去。 長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)仁(ren)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)村傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)特(te)(te)產,特(te)(te)點是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)面(mian)長,甜而(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)絲,營養滋(zi)補(bu)功(gong)能(neng)極佳(jia),這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)都(dou)(dou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)“食補(bu)山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冬春”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習慣。 曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)父(fu)親(qin)(qin)曹(cao)(cao)廷(ting)強,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)樂善好施,道(dao)惟古(gu)處,俠以(yi)義聞,曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)母(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)耿(geng)氏柔貞作則(ze),巽順宜(yi)家(jia)。每當(dang)曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)在(zai)省城的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)學(xue)來(lai)(lai)(lai)家(jia)里,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)總要把平(ping)時(shi)(shi)(shi)舍不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得吃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)拿出來(lai)(lai)(lai),給年(nian)(nian)(nian)輕人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)炒兩道(dao)好菜(cai)。這(zhe)也難怪,汾陽(yang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)好客(ke)(ke)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)出了(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),在(zai)吃上(shang)也很(hen)講究,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)管是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)豪富(fu)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)貧寒(han)之(zhi)(zhi)家(jia),來(lai)(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)客(ke)(ke)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)總要想(xiang)法調樣搞幾盤象(xiang)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)菜(cai)哩! 同(tong)(tong)(tong)學(xue)當(dang)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)個叫(jiao)傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),太(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)陽(yang)曲人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),有(you)(you)(you)(you)著一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好武藝,而(er)且(qie)還(huan)詩書(shu)畫并舉,與(yu)(yu)曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系特(te)(te)別好,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)發(fa)現(xian),只要他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)(lai)到(dao)曹(cao)(cao)家(jia),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)總能(neng)吃到(dao)當(dang)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)菜(cai)――羊(yang)肉(rou)煨(wei)山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao),因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)喜(xi)歡吃,所以(yi)曹(cao)(cao)家(jia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)見他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)來(lai)(lai)(lai)了(le)(le),總是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)拿這(zhe)道(dao)菜(cai)來(lai)(lai)(lai)款待他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)。 “羊(yang)肉(rou)煨(wei)山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)”,“煨(wei)”字上(shang)見功(gong)夫,羊(yang)肉(rou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紅(hong)潤(run)細嫩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)羯羊(yang)肉(rou),山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)潔白如(ru)玉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao),通過慢火之(zhi)(zhi)“煨(wei)”,將羊(yang)肉(rou)和山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精華(hua)煨(wei)成了(le)(le)肥而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)膩(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湯汁,再(zai)加(jia)上(shang)幾段蔥綠(lv)青翠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香芫(yan)荽,更(geng)讓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)由得垂涎欲滴胃口大(da)開(kai)。 傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)還(huan)發(fa)現(xian),村里頭(tou)那些(xie)老人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個個紅(hong)光滿面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都(dou)(dou)很(hen)精神,問及平(ping)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飲(yin)食習慣,無(wu)外乎時(shi)(shi)(shi)常蒸食那些(xie)賣不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)掉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)疙節節。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)對醫(yi)學(xue)本就很(hen)感興趣,回家(jia)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)查閱資(zi)料(liao),才(cai)知(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)這(zhe)長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)公(gong)可(ke)以(yi)治(zhi)諸虛百損,療五(wu)勞七傷,還(huan)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)補(bu)心氣(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足、強精骨、益腎氣(qi)(qi)、健脾胃、化(hua)痰(tan)涎、潤(run)皮(pi)毛等美容功(gong)效(xiao)哩!崇(chong)禎十六年(nian)(nian)(nian),李(li)自成攻陷太(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan),長驅直(zhi)入居庸關(guan),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)攻占(zhan)北京(jing),崇(chong)禎皇帝吊死(si)煤山(shan)(shan),同(tong)(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian),清(qing)(qing)軍(jun)入關(guan),李(li)自成敗(bai)(bai)走陜西。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)到(dao)戰亂平(ping)息(xi)(xi),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任何消(xiao)息(xi)(xi),家(jia)里人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)都(dou)(dou)很(hen)清(qing)(qing)楚,依他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脾性(xing)(xing),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)舍生(sheng)(sheng)取義寧(ning)死(si)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)得到(dao)實信,果然他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)已經為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國捐(juan)軀了(le)(le),于(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)村北曹(cao)(cao)氏祖墳內為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)設衣冠(guan)冢一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)座,以(yi)示紀念。那一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian),家(jia)中(zhong)老母(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)病(bing)重(zhong),傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)結(jie)合母(mu)(mu)親(qin)(qin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病(bing)情,在(zai)仁(ren)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)“羊(yang)肉(rou)煨(wei)山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang),加(jia)了(le)(le)蓮菜(cai)等材料(liao),制(zhi)成有(you)(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“八(ba)珍湯”,也叫(jiao)“十全大(da)補(bu)湯”。清(qing)(qing)兵(bing)(bing)入關(guan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)多次組織反(fan)(fan)清(qing)(qing)復明活動(dong),但總是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)失敗(bai)(bai)而(er)告終(zhong),心灰意冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)將“八(ba)珍湯”改名(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“頭(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)”,在(zai)太(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)橋(qiao)頭(tou)街,傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)專賣“頭(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋪(pu)子(zi)寫下(xia)了(le)(le)“清(qing)(qing)和元”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招牌(pai),以(yi)“頭(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)”原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)之(zhi)(zhi)雜碎寓(yu)諷大(da)清(qing)(qing)朝(chao)與(yu)(yu)元朝(chao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣,都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)異族侵(qin)入,以(yi)頭(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)與(yu)(yu)“頭(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)”這(zhe)同(tong)(tong)(tong)音,以(yi)體(ti)現(xian)傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民族氣(qi)(qi)節。清(qing)(qing)順治(zhi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian),傅(fu)(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)同(tong)(tong)(tong)三晉(jin)著名(ming)(ming)(ming)詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)胡庭來(lai)(lai)(lai)到(dao)曹(cao)(cao)家(jia),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)看望了(le)(le)曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)父(fu)母(mu)(mu),有(you)(you)(you)(you)感于(yu)曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)英勇不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈(qu)慷(kang)慨而(er)戰為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國捐(juan)軀,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)奮筆疾書(shu)寫下(xia)了(le)(le)“古(gu)遺先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)屬:第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)流(liu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)匾額(e),以(yi)贊揚(yang)曹(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)直(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民族氣(qi)(qi)節,此(ci)匾額(e)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)懸掛在(zai)曹(cao)(cao)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尚堂(tang)門廊(lang)下(xia),日本人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)占(zhan)據仁(ren)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)毀。太(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)“頭(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)”,曾(ceng)做為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)西的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢品呈獻大(da)清(qing)(qing)王朝(chao),尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)那注重(zhong)美容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西太(tai)(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),對太(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)“頭(tou)腦(nao)(nao)(nao)(nao)”更(geng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)情有(you)(you)(you)(you)獨鐘(zhong)。據愛好美食的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老北京(jing)們(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)講,在(zai)清(qing)(qing)宮膳(shan)食譜中(zhong),長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產地還(huan)特(te)(te)別注明為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“汾陽(yang)仁(ren)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)”,這(zhe)使(shi)得當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)白面(mian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)價的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仁(ren)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)名(ming)(ming)(ming)揚(yang)京(jing)城。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史(shi)因素
冀村(cun)鎮境內地(di)勢(shi)平坦(tan),土(tu)(tu)地(di)肥(fei)沃,氣候適中,水源充(chong)足(zu)具(ju)有(you)優(you)(you)越(yue)獨特(te)(te)的生長環(huan)境。該地(di)地(di)處黃土(tu)(tu)高原地(di)帶(dai),土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚、土(tu)(tu)松(song)地(di)肥(fei)、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為(wei)酸(suan)堿(jian)度接近中性的沙(sha)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)地(di)。全境地(di)勢(shi)平坦(tan),海拔739米(mi)左右(you)。年平均氣溫9.7℃,無霜期178天,年平均降水467.2毫米(mi),境內年平均相對濕(shi)度為(wei)61%。日(ri)照(zhao)比(bi)較充(chong)足(zu),光照(zhao)條(tiao)(tiao)件較好,太陽年輻射量為(wei)132.4千卡/平方厘(li)米(mi)左右(you),年日(ri)照(zhao)平均時數在2607~2974小時之間。土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚,土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)不粘不沙(sha),保水保肥(fei),有(you)機質(zhi)豐富,境內干濕(shi)季交替明顯,有(you)利(li)于有(you)機物質(zhi)的分解和礦物質(zhi)風化,土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)表層(ceng)70%以上為(wei)砂(sha)質(zhi)到壤(rang)(rang)(rang)質(zhi),土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚,土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)較為(wei)均勻,通透(tou)性好,有(you)機質(zhi)平均含量為(wei)2.9%。這里土(tu)(tu)地(di)肥(fei)沃,交通順暢,地(di)下水位較深,且蘊(yun)藏量大(da),渠道縱橫,灌溉便利(li),獨特(te)(te)的環(huan)境和優(you)(you)越(yue)的氣候條(tiao)(tiao)件有(you)利(li)于冀村(cun)長山(shan)藥的生長,為(wei)冀村(cun)長山(shan)藥的優(you)(you)良(liang)品質(zhi)提供了強大(da)的優(you)(you)勢(shi)。
三.地域范圍
根據冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)長山(shan)藥(yao)的(de)產地(di)(di)特點和品質要求,冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)長山(shan)藥(yao)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志地(di)(di)域(yu)保(bao)護范圍(wei)確定在:汾(fen)陽(yang)市境內的(de)冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)、杏花(hua)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)等2個鎮(zhen)23個行(xing)政村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),即:冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)的(de)冀(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、仁巖村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、艾子(zi)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、唐興村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、城子(zi)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、古(gu)賢莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、南浦村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)河頭村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)馬(ma)寨村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)陳家莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)遙莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、大會頭村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、菩(pu)提莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)宋家莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、西九枝(zhi)社(she)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)九枝(zhi)社(she)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、李(li)家莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)社(she)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、富家莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和杏花(hua)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)的(de)杜村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、辛莊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、永安村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、官(guan)道村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。總(zong)面積5002.02公頃,產量120048噸。地(di)(di)理(li)坐(zuo)標(biao):北(bei)緯37°15'2"~37°22'10",東(dong)(dong)經(jing)111°53'50"~112°0'2"。全境地(di)(di)勢(shi)平(ping)坦(tan),平(ping)均海(hai)拔739米(mi)。自然(ran)地(di)(di)形為開闊平(ping)坦(tan)的(de)沖積平(ping)原(yuan),是太原(yuan)盆地(di)(di)的(de)一部(bu)分。
四.產品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)特性(xing)特征
1.外(wai)在感官特征:冀村長山(shan)藥條塊順(shun)直(zhi),塊莖(jing)肉(rou)質肥(fei)厚,直(zhi)徑5厘米左右,圓柱形,表(biao)皮(pi)光(guang)潔色(se)(se)淡,有(you)紫紅斑,根毛(mao)細(xi)而(er)稀少,皮(pi)薄(bo)、薯(shu)肉(rou)色(se)(se)澤潔白,肉(rou)質細(xi)膩無纖維(wei),易熟(shu),熟(shu)后性綿,質地綿而(er)不柴(chai),香氣濃郁。掰開后有(you)白色(se)(se)黏(nian)液,黏(nian)度高、粉性足、色(se)(se)白、肉(rou)身如玉,啖食無渣(zha)。
2.內在質量指標:冀村長山藥營養價值高,可(ke)食率(以(yi)(yi)質量計)>95.0%。山藥塊莖中蛋白(bai)質含量約2.0~3.5g/100g,淀粉含量9.8~16.5g/100g,總膳食纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(以(yi)(yi)干基計)4.0~5.6g/100g,鈣8.2~10.3mg/100g,鉀388~527mg/100g,鐵(tie)0.10~0.36mg/100g,粗(cu)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)0.37~0.59g/100g,粗(cu)多糖(tang)(以(yi)(yi)葡萄(tao)糖(tang)計)0.41~0.66g/100g,維(wei)生素C 7.3~9.1mg/100g,維(wei)生素B1 0.037~0.063mg/100g,可(ke)溶性固形(xing)物(wu)5.7~8.3%。
3.安全要(yao)求:嚴(yan)格按照“冀村長(chang)山藥栽培技術規程”進行生產(chan)和管理(li)。“冀村長(chang)山藥”合理(li)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)肥料、農(nong)藥等農(nong)業投(tou)入品,嚴(yan)禁使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)國家明令禁止使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的高劇毒(du)、高殘留農(nong)藥,嚴(yan)格執行農(nong)藥使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)安全間隔期。在收購前15天,對生產(chan)基(ji)地隨機抽取樣品進行農(nong)殘和重金屬(shu)檢驗,符合NY5112-2005產(chan)業標準(zhun)(zhun)以(yi)及無公害(hai)食品NY5013-2006林果類產(chan)品產(chan)地環境條件,以(yi)及GB4285農(nong)藥安全使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則,GB/T8321農(nong)藥合理(li)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則等相關(guan)標準(zhun)(zhun)和要(yao)求。
五.特定生產方式
1.產地(di)(di)選(xuan)擇與(yu)特殊內容規定產地(di)(di)要(yao)求:汾陽市冀(ji)村鎮,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤為(wei)酸堿度接(jie)近中性的壤質(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di),土(tu)(tu)(tu)種類型為(wei)褐(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚,通透性好(hao)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)結構組成合理、質(zhi)地(di)(di)好(hao),特別適(shi)合于冀(ji)村長(chang)(chang)山藥(yao)種植生產。環(huan)境質(zhi)量:冀(ji)村長(chang)(chang)山藥(yao)基地(di)(di)遠離(li)城區、工業污染源和生活(huo)垃圾場等。要(yao)選(xuan)擇空氣清新(xin)、水質(zhi)純(chun)凈,具(ju)有良(liang)好(hao)生態環(huan)境的地(di)(di)區。
2.品種選擇(ze)與提(ti)(ti)純(chun)(chun)復壯 冀(ji)村長山藥(yao)品種為歷史(shi)上遺留(liu)(liu)下來的地方(fang)品種——汾山藥(yao)。由于山藥(yao)是(shi)無性繁殖,連續多(duo)年(nian)栽培必然造成品種退化,產量(liang)下降。在有關技術人員的指導下,通過種薯(shu)選優與山藥(yao)豆(零(ling)余子(zi))繁殖相結合的方(fang)法進行提(ti)(ti)純(chun)(chun)復壯,每(mei)年(nian)收獲(huo)時或出售前截秧子(zi)時按(an)照整薯(shu)質量(liang)選留(liu)(liu)秧子(zi),選留(liu)(liu)的標準是(shi)秧辮子(zi)粗(cu)短,頂芽飽滿,塊(kuai)莖(jing)光潔(jie)個大,無分(fen)枝分(fen)杈,無病蟲危害,而將不標準秧子(zi)淘汰。同時每(mei)年(nian)用山藥(yao)豆繁殖一些新(xin)秧子(zi),以補(bu)充不足部(bu)分(fen)。
3. 生產控制
(1)整(zheng)地施(shi)(shi)肥整(zheng)地:土壤封凍(dong)前耕地,按120cm帶劃線挖(wa)溝(gou),溝(gou)寬(kuan)50cm,深60~100cm,溝(gou)間距70cm。將(jiang)挖(wa)出的土放在(zai)溝(gou)兩邊,經過冬(dong)季凍(dong)融(rong)日(ri)曬分(fen)(fen)化后,于第(di)2 年春天(tian)土壤解凍(dong)后,在(zai)溝(gou)內回(hui)填(tian)土,回(hui)填(tian)時要(yao)分(fen)(fen)層踩(cai)實。然后進行(xing)施(shi)(shi)肥做畦,畦寬(kuan)120cm,使溝(gou)居畦中。施(shi)(shi)肥:肥料使用要(yao)符合DB14/87中肥料使用準則(ze),滿足無公(gong)害山藥對肥料的要(yao)求,結合回(hui)填(tian)土,一般每公(gong)頃(qing)施(shi)(shi)優質有(you)機肥45000kg,硫酸(suan)鉀型氮磷鉀(氮、磷、鉀含量分(fen)(fen)別是15%)復合肥600~750kg。
(2)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)薯處理選種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):選用(yong)經過休(xiu)眠(mian)的健壯、無(wu)病(bing)山藥(yao)栽子,或直徑3-4cm左右(you),長10cm的山藥(yao)段。曬種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前進(jin)行曬種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),栽子曬種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2~3天,山藥(yao)段曬種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)4~5天。藥(yao)劑浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前為防(fang)止(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)薯帶(dai)病(bing),要用(yong)0.1%~0.3%的鐵滅(mie)克(TMK)溶液浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)7~10h防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)山藥(yao)線蟲(chong)病(bing),用(yong)50%的多菌靈可濕性粉劑500倍液浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1h防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)枯萎病(bing)。
(3)播種(zhong)播種(zhong)期:10cm地溫穩(wen)定(ding)在9~10℃時,開(kai)始播種(zhong)。汾陽(yang)冀村地區一般在4 月(yue)中旬。播種(zhong)方法:在畦(qi)內挖溝(gou)的地方開(kai)小溝(gou),溝(gou)深8~10cm,每畦(qi)種(zhong)2行,溝(gou)內2 行相距35cm,開(kai)溝(gou)后將(jiang)栽子(zi)(種(zhong)薯(shu))以芽(ya)為準,按株(zhu)距25~30cm,將(jiang)芽(ya)朝一個(ge)方向(xiang)平放溝(gou)中,覆土8cm后輕輕踩壓,使(shi)栽子(zi)與(yu)土壤(rang)緊密結合。播種(zhong)量:每公頃用種(zhong)薯(shu)57000~64500個(ge)。
(4)田間管理疏苗:出(chu)苗后,進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)疏苗。畝留(liu)苗6000株(zhu)(zhu)左右。適時(shi)(shi)支架(jia)(jia):山藥蔓(man)長(chang)30~50cm 時(shi)(shi),用(yong)竹(zhu)竿或高粱(liang)稈每(mei)株(zhu)(zhu)插1根,搭成人字架(jia)(jia)或四腳(jiao)架(jia)(jia),架(jia)(jia)高約2m,并(bing)及時(shi)(shi)扶(fu)蔓(man)上架(jia)(jia)。中耕(geng)松土:在(zai)生(sheng)長(chang)季節要進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)3~5次(ci)中耕(geng)松土并(bing)除草。合(he)理澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui):播前(qian)澆(jiao)(jiao)足底墑水(shui)(shui),促快發芽。生(sheng)長(chang)前(qian)期不澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui),待莖(jing)蔓(man)進(jin)(jin)入旺盛生(sheng)長(chang)期(出(chu)苗后40~50天(tian))澆(jiao)(jiao)發棵(ke)水(shui)(shui),現(xian)蕾(lei)前(qian)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)促莖(jing)葉、塊莖(jing)生(sheng)長(chang)。現(xian)蕾(lei)后30天(tian)澆(jiao)(jiao)第3次(ci)水(shui)(shui),促塊莖(jing)增長(chang)。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei):發棵(ke)期進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)1~2次(ci)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei),每(mei)公頃施45%硫(liu)酸鉀(jia)型氮磷鉀(jia)復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)450~600kg,并(bing)結合(he)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。最后1次(ci)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)應(ying)在(zai)收獲前(qian)30~40天(tian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。
(5)主(zhu)要病蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)按(an)照“預防(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),綜(zong)合防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)”的(de)(de)植(zhi)保(bao)(bao)方針,堅持(chi)以(yi)“農業(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)、物理防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)、生物防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),化(hua)學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)為(wei)(wei)輔”的(de)(de)無害(hai)化(hua)控制(zhi)原則,科學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi),保(bao)(bao)證生產出安全優質(zhi)的(de)(de)長山藥產品。農業(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi):實(shi)行1年以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)輪作;陰雨天要注(zhu)意排(pai)澇;(增加通(tong)透性,避免株間郁(yu)蔽(bi)高濕(shi);采收后將留在地(di)上(shang)的(de)(de)病殘體(ti)集中燒毀并深(shen)翻,減少越冬(dong)菌蟲(chong)源。化(hua)學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi):以(yi)生物制(zhi)劑為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),使用時(shi)嚴格(ge)按(an)照GB 4285農藥安全使用標(biao)準和GB/T8321規(gui)定執行。腐爛病用72%農用鏈霉素可濕(shi)性粉劑3000倍液或77%氫氧化(hua)銅500倍液灌(guan)根。金針蟲(chong)、蠐螬等地(di)下害(hai)蟲(chong)播(bo)種時(shi),在播(bo)種溝內每公頃撒施3%辛硫磷顆(ke)粒劑22.5kg。
(6)采(cai)收(shou)和貯藏采(cai)收(shou):霜降(jiang)后地上(shang)莖(jing)(jing)葉干枯(ku),應拔除地上(shang)藤蔓和架材進(jin)行采(cai)收(shou)。采(cai)收(shou)的(de)外觀要求為:塊莖(jing)(jing)表面沒有(you)污染或其他外來物,無腐爛和病(bing)蟲、機械傷,按一(yi)定(ding)長(chang)度(du)(du)分(fen)級包裝,整齊度(du)(du)要達到90%以上(shang)。貯藏:采(cai)用(yong)堆藏或窖藏等方式(shi)進(jin)行貯藏,貯藏溫度(du)(du)4~5 ℃。生產(chan)記(ji)錄要求生產(chan)管(guan)理人員負責對冀村長(chang)山藥生產(chan)各環節(jie)、病(bing)蟲防治和收(shou)購(gou)入庫過程的(de)記(ji)錄,以保證產(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)過程質量控制。