青(qing)海(hai)是世界四大(da)(da)(da)凈區(qu)之(zhi)一,生長(chang)在這里的(de)蠶(can)(can)(can)豆,被(bei)國際市場公(gong)認為‘世界最(zui)好的(de)蠶(can)(can)(can)豆’,每年(nian)近(jin)千噸(dun)青(qing)海(hai)蠶(can)(can)(can)豆被(bei)銷往全(quan)球各地。青(qing)海(hai)省(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)縣生態類型復(fu)雜,年(nian)均(jun)氣溫(wen)4.7 ℃,年(nian)平均(jun)日照時數(shu)為2 656.1 h,平均(jun)太陽輻射強(qiang),年(nian)≥0 ℃積(ji)溫(wen)為2 450 ℃,無霜(shuang)期(qi)132 d,年(nian)均(jun)降雨量(liang)為514.3 mm,6—9月(yue)為主要(yao)(yao)降雨季(ji)節(jie),雨熱同季(ji),氣候冷(leng)涼,海(hai)拔較高,日照充(chong)足,晝夜溫(wen)差大(da)(da)(da),土壤疏松富含鉀(jia),無污染,適宜蠶(can)(can)(can)豆生長(chang)發育。大(da)(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)蠶(can)(can)(can)豆在全(quan)縣20個鄉鎮內都(dou)有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)植,主要(yao)(yao)集中在塔爾鎮、新莊鎮、城關鎮、景(jing)陽鎮等(deng)鄉鎮。大(da)(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)蠶(can)(can)(can)豆高產(chan)優質,是青(qing)海(hai)省(sheng)蠶(can)(can)(can)豆良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)和商品蠶(can)(can)(can)豆的(de)主要(yao)(yao)生產(chan)區(qu)之(zhi)一,大(da)(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)蠶(can)(can)(can)豆為農產(chan)品地理標志產(chan)品。
2012年(nian),大(da)通(tong)縣示范(fan)種(zhong)植(zhi)青(qing)海13號(hao)蠶豆,該品(pin)種(zhong)是早熟、高(gao)產(chan)、高(gao)蛋白(bai)(bai)蠶豆品(pin)種(zhong),1999年(nian)由青(qing)海省農(nong)(nong)林科學院作(zuo)物(wu)所以馬牙為母(mu)本(ben)、戴(dai)韋(divine)為父本(ben)經有性雜交選育而成的,具(ju)有早熟、高(gao)產(chan)、優質(zhi)、抗逆性強、商品(pin)性好等優點,2009年(nian)12月10日通(tong)過(guo)青(qing)海省農(nong)(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)審定委(wei)員會審定。該品(pin)種(zhong)株高(gao)(101.70±10.31) cm,單(dan)(dan)株粒數(shu)(36.79±11.53)粒,單(dan)(dan)株產(chan)量(33.56±10.05) g,百粒重(81.21±5.87) g,蛋白(bai)(bai)質(zhi)含量31.19%,籽粒白(bai)(bai)色,種(zhong)臍(qi)白(bai)(bai)色。平均(jun)產(chan)量4 500 kg/hm2左右。青(qing)海13號(hao)適(shi)(shi)宜在青(qing)海高(gao)寒農(nong)(nong)業區(qu)或農(nong)(nong)牧交錯區(qu)種(zhong)植(zhi)。適(shi)(shi)于休(xiu)閑(xian)食品(pin)、蛋白(bai)(bai)分(fen)離加工(gong)等開發(fa)。2013年(nian),繼續(xu)擴大(da)了青(qing)海13號(hao)蠶豆種(zhong)植(zhi)面積(ji),對大(da)通(tong)縣優化品(pin)種(zhong)結構,推動(dong)蠶豆品(pin)種(zhong)的區(qu)域(yu)布局,促進(jin)大(da)通(tong)蠶豆產(chan)業持續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)具(ju)有重要意義。
大通蠶豆品質特性特征
1、大通蠶豆外在感官特征(zheng):
1.1大通(tong)蠶豆(dou)籽粒皮薄,煮飪品質好,利(li)于加工芽豆(dou),適宜干炒、膨化、油炸。
1.2大通蠶(can)豆(dou)籽粒大且(qie)飽滿均勻,皮色(se)光亮,變色(se)慢,耐貯藏,商品(pin)率高(gao)。
1.3大通(tong)蠶(can)豆籽粒無蠶(can)豆象危害,無水銹斑,是各(ge)類(lei)休閑食品(pin)、調味品(pin)的(de)理想(xiang)生產原料。
2、內在品質:≥檢測結果表明(ming):大(da)通蠶豆(dou)蛋白質含量為(wei)≥20%、多糖≥0.5%、鈣≥950mg/kg,均(jun)高于(yu)蠶豆(dou)規范值(zhi),營養豐(feng)富。