青(qing)海(hai)是(shi)世(shi)界(jie)四(si)大(da)(da)凈(jing)區之(zhi)一(yi),生長在這里的蠶(can)(can)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou),被國際(ji)市場公(gong)認(ren)為‘世(shi)界(jie)最好(hao)的蠶(can)(can)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)’,每年近千(qian)噸青(qing)海(hai)蠶(can)(can)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)被銷往全球(qiu)各地(di)。青(qing)海(hai)省大(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)縣(xian)生態類型復雜(za),年均氣溫(wen)4.7 ℃,年平(ping)均日照時數為2 656.1 h,平(ping)均太陽輻(fu)射強,年≥0 ℃積溫(wen)為2 450 ℃,無霜期132 d,年均降雨量為514.3 mm,6—9月(yue)為主(zhu)要降雨季(ji)節,雨熱同季(ji),氣候冷涼,海(hai)拔較高(gao),日照充足,晝夜(ye)溫(wen)差大(da)(da),土壤疏松富含鉀(jia),無污染,適宜蠶(can)(can)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)生長發(fa)育(yu)。大(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)蠶(can)(can)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)在全縣(xian)20個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)內都有(you)種植,主(zhu)要集中在塔爾(er)鎮(zhen)、新莊鎮(zhen)、城關鎮(zhen)、景陽鎮(zhen)等(deng)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)。大(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)蠶(can)(can)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)高(gao)產(chan)優質,是(shi)青(qing)海(hai)省蠶(can)(can)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)良種和商品(pin)蠶(can)(can)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)的主(zhu)要生產(chan)區之(zhi)一(yi),大(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)蠶(can)(can)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)為農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志產(chan)品(pin)。
2012年(nian)(nian),大(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)縣示范種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)青(qing)海(hai)13號蠶豆(dou),該品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)早熟(shu)(shu)、高產(chan)、高蛋白(bai)蠶豆(dou)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),1999年(nian)(nian)由青(qing)海(hai)省(sheng)農林(lin)科學(xue)院作(zuo)物(wu)所以馬牙為母本、戴韋(divine)為父(fu)本經有(you)(you)性(xing)雜交(jiao)選(xuan)育而(er)成(cheng)的,具有(you)(you)早熟(shu)(shu)、高產(chan)、優(you)質(zhi)、抗逆性(xing)強、商品(pin)(pin)性(xing)好等(deng)優(you)點,2009年(nian)(nian)12月10日通(tong)(tong)過青(qing)海(hai)省(sheng)農作(zuo)物(wu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審定委員會審定。該品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)株高(101.70±10.31) cm,單(dan)株粒(li)(li)數(36.79±11.53)粒(li)(li),單(dan)株產(chan)量(33.56±10.05) g,百(bai)粒(li)(li)重(81.21±5.87) g,蛋白(bai)質(zhi)含量31.19%,籽(zi)粒(li)(li)白(bai)色,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)臍白(bai)色。平(ping)均產(chan)量4 500 kg/hm2左右。青(qing)海(hai)13號適宜(yi)在青(qing)海(hai)高寒農業區(qu)或農牧交(jiao)錯區(qu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。適于休閑食品(pin)(pin)、蛋白(bai)分離(li)加工等(deng)開發。2013年(nian)(nian),繼續(xu)擴大(da)(da)了青(qing)海(hai)13號蠶豆(dou)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積,對大(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)縣優(you)化品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)結構,推動蠶豆(dou)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的區(qu)域(yu)布局,促進大(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)蠶豆(dou)產(chan)業持(chi)續(xu)發展具有(you)(you)重要意義。
大通蠶豆品質特性特征
1、大通蠶豆外(wai)在感官(guan)特征:
1.1大(da)通蠶豆籽粒皮薄(bo),煮飪品質(zhi)好(hao),利于加工芽豆,適宜(yi)干(gan)炒、膨化、油炸(zha)。
1.2大通蠶豆籽粒(li)大且飽(bao)滿均勻,皮色(se)光(guang)亮,變色(se)慢,耐貯(zhu)藏,商品率高。
1.3大通(tong)蠶(can)豆籽粒無蠶(can)豆象危(wei)害,無水(shui)銹(xiu)斑,是各類休閑食(shi)品(pin)、調味品(pin)的(de)理想(xiang)生產原料。
2、內在品質(zhi):≥檢測結果(guo)表明:大通(tong)蠶(can)豆蛋白質(zhi)含量為≥20%、多糖≥0.5%、鈣≥950mg/kg,均(jun)高于(yu)蠶(can)豆規范(fan)值,營養豐富。