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一.產品介紹

宕(dang)昌黨(dang)(dang)參(can)品(pin)質(zhi)優良，馳名中(zhong)(zhong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，銷(xiao)(xiao)售歷(li)史悠久。早在(zai)清光緒三(san)十三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)l874年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))外(wai)(wai)(wai)銷(xiao)(xiao)300余擔(dan)，民(min)(min)(min)國32年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1943年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))總(zong)銷(xiao)(xiao)售量(liang)(liang)l8萬(wan)斤。區(qu)域內歷(li)代(dai)有(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)材的(de)(de)傳統，特(te)別是黨(dang)(dang)參(can)自1965逐(zhu)漸(jian)變(bian)家種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)來，當地群眾(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)把(ba)黨(dang)(dang)參(can)作為主要經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)作物。80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)開始(shi)在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)大(da)量(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)達到(dao)4000畝以(yi)上，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)50萬(wan)公(gong)斤。同時(shi)(shi)(shi)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)(liang)大(da)增，一(yi)(yi)(yi)度遠銷(xiao)(xiao)東南亞(ya)。1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)獲外(wai)(wai)(wai)經(jing)(jing)部(bu)《出(chu)(chu)口商品(pin)榮譽證(zheng)(zheng)書》，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)(chu)口20—30萬(wan)斤，創(chuang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)匯30萬(wan)美元(yuan)(yuan)。隨著產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)(liang)增大(da)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)及(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)模式也(ye)得到(dao)了很大(da)發展，1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，在(zai)好梯農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)土專家彭吳善(shan)創(chuang)試下(xia)，黨(dang)(dang)參(can)剪莖(jing)(jing)促(cu)根(gen)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)從此誕(dan)生，在(zai)專業技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)員和藥(yao)(yao)農(nong)根(gen)據多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)栽培經(jing)(jing)驗，總(zong)結出(chu)(chu)了剪莖(jing)(jing)促(cu)根(gen)栽培技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)要點，并規范了該項技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(黨(dang)(dang)參(can)剪莖(jing)(jing)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu))。從整地、密(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、田間管理、初加(jia)工及(ji)控制污染等各(ge)個(ge)環節都做到(dao)科(ke)學(xue)管理，由于(yu)措施(shi)得當，使黨(dang)(dang)參(can)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)綜(zong)合(he)水(shui)平不(bu)斷提高，控制了病蟲(chong)害的(de)(de)發生，保(bao)(bao)(bao)障了藥(yao)(yao)材質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)好梯一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶較大(da)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規模逐(zhu)漸(jian)形(xing)成，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)達到(dao)3.1萬(wan)畝，總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)0.93萬(wan)噸(dun)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值2790萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)。隨著規模擴大(da)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步提高，加(jia)上當時(shi)(shi)(shi)市場(chang)因素影響，黨(dang)(dang)參(can)價格逐(zhu)步提升，生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)迎來大(da)發展，l997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)達到(dao)4.5萬(wan)畝，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1.6萬(wan)噸(dun)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值9600萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)。這一(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期黨(dang)(dang)參(can)專業市場(chang)在(zai)民(min)(min)(min)間已經(jing)(jing)形(xing)成，宕(dang)昌黨(dang)(dang)參(can)開始(shi)品(pin)牌化(hua)發展，外(wai)(wai)(wai)地客商不(bu)再轉(zhuan)場(chang)，直(zhi)接到(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地收購。 經(jing)(jing)過多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)發展，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和規模不(bu)斷提高，近(jin)幾(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來，縣委(wei)縣政府(fu)(fu)制定出(chu)(chu)臺(tai)了多(duo)項發展中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)材的(de)(de)政策措施(shi)，提出(chu)(chu)了“南果蔬(shu)、北藥(yao)(yao)牧”的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發展方(fang)向。產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)鄉(xiang)黨(dang)(dang)委(wei)政府(fu)(fu)把(ba)黨(dang)(dang)參(can)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)作為增加(jia)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)收入的(de)(de)主導(dao)(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)科(ke)學(xue)規劃(hua)、大(da)力宣傳、周密(mi)部(bu)署。宕(dang)昌縣中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)材開發服務中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)作了大(da)量(liang)(liang)細致的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)指導(dao)(dao)，通過辦示(shi)范點、選育引進(jin)(jin)(jin)新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、普及(ji)黨(dang)(dang)參(can)剪莖(jing)(jing)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步改進(jin)(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、推行(xing)無公(gong)害標準(zhun)化(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和配(pei)方(fang)施(shi)肥，從種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材料到(dao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)各(ge)個(ge)環節嚴密(mi)把(ba)關，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)藥(yao)(yao)材產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)和質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，使中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)材種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得到(dao)空前(qian)發展。現在(zai)宕(dang)昌25個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮有(you)(you)21鄉(xiang)鎮種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)參(can)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)達5.5萬(wan)畝，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)4萬(wan)噸(dun)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值達1.6億(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，占(zhan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)收入的(de)(de)61％。 在(zai)市場(chang)引導(dao)(dao)、政府(fu)(fu)鼓(gu)勵和技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)下(xia)，黨(dang)(dang)參(can)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)表現出(chu)(chu)群眾(zhong)積(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)性高、面積(ji)(ji)(ji)大(da)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)高、品(pin)質(zhi)好，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)科(ke)學(xue)化(hua)、標準(zhun)化(hua)等特(te)點，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)體長(chang)均勻、皮薄、有(you)(you)柔(rou)韌性，氣味(wei)芳香、嚼之無渣、味(wei)甘(gan)甜，藥(yao)(yao)用成分含量(liang)(liang)高，在(zai)市場(chang)上享有(you)(you)盛(sheng)譽。

二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷(li)史因素

1、土(tu)壤地貌情況：地域內土(tu)壤主要為(wei)紅褐土(tu)、黃綿土(tu)、黑(hei)壤土(tu)，土(tu)質以壤土(tu)或沙壤土(tu)為(wei)主，質地疏松、透氣保(bao)水(shui)力強。富含(han)鉀、鈣、磷、鎂、鋅等多種元素，有(you)機質含(han)量在1.2%以上，PH值為(wei)7.2—8.0，土(tu)壤中沒有(you)任何(he)農藥殘留(liu)超標的重金屬離子(zi)，極適宜黨(dang)參(can)的生(sheng)長(chang)發育。種植的黨(dang)參(can)皮薄肉厚、有(you)韌性、氣味(wei)(wei)芳香、味(wei)(wei)甘甜、嚼無渣、有(you)效(xiao)成分含(han)量高，品質優良，深(shen)受藥界好評。上游支(zhi)流為(wei)主要河流。區(qu)域內年(nian)降水(shui)600—750mm，足夠黨(dang)參(can)生(sheng)長(chang)需水(shui)，加之黨(dang)參(can)生(sheng)長(chang)忌淹水(shui)，無需灌溉(gai)。

2、氣候情況：宕昌黨參(can)(can)種植區域無霜期(qi)160天，年太陽(yang)總(zong)輻射量127.2—132.3千(qian)卡(ka)/厘米(mi)22，生長季總(zong)輻射77.6—80.4千(qian)卡(ka)/厘米(mi)2，達年總(zong)輻射的(de)60%以上，日照(zhao)總(zong)時(shi)(shi)數2260—2370小時(shi)(shi)，年均氣溫(wen)6.5℃。在黨參(can)(can)塊(kuai)根膨大期(qi)，光照(zhao)充足(zu)，溫(wen)差大，完全滿足(zu)黨參(can)(can)塊(kuai)根形成期(qi)對溫(wen)度和(he)光照(zhao)的(de)需求。

三.地域范圍

宕昌黨(dang)參(can)種植區(qu)域(yu)(yu)主要(yao)位于宕昌縣東(dong)部的(de)西(xi)漢水上游的(de)好梯河(he)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)、良恭(gong)河(he)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)以及良恭(gong)河(he)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)與(yu)白(bai)龍江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)相(xiang)接的(de)高寒陰(yin)濕(shi)地(di)帶，東(dong)經(jing)104°36′—104°47′，北緯33°55′—34°02′，海拔1800—2400m，地(di)形(xing)由東(dong)向西(xi)逐步走高，東(dong)臨(lin)禮(li)縣沙金(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，南(nan)接武都(dou)區(qu)，西(xi)接臨(lin)江(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)毛(mao)羽山村(cun)，北至興化(hua)鄉(xiang)(xiang)磑子(zi)壩村(cun)。區(qu)域(yu)(yu)內(nei)有好梯、韓院、南(nan)陽(yang)、興化(hua)、竹院、獅子(zi)、新(xin)寨、官亭、兩河(he)口9鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮的(de)109個行政村(cun)，區(qu)域(yu)(yu)面(mian)積1225.2平方(fang)公里，種植黨(dang)參(can)面(mian)積5.6萬畝，年產黨(dang)參(can)4.2萬噸(dun)。

四.產品品質特(te)(te)性特(te)(te)征

1、外在感(gan)官(guan)特征主根形狀多呈長圓(yuan)柱形，近梢漸細，頂端(duan)有(you)一膨大(da)的(de)(de)根頭，有(you)多數疣狀突起的(de)(de)莖(jing)痕，俗稱“獅子頭”；根粗壯而(er)分(fen)枝(zhi)少，上部光(guang)滑或近光(guang)滑；主根肥大(da)、肉質(zhi)，鮮條白色，尾端(duan)斷(duan)裂處有(you)黑色膠狀物質(zhi)，干后外皮(pi)呈米黃(huang)色，頭莖(jing)至分(fen)叉有(you)環(huan)形橫紋(wen)，側根呈縱紋(wen)，斷(duan)面髓(sui)部米黃(huang)色，質(zhi)地緊密嚼之(zhi)甘甜無(wu)渣。味甘，具特異香味。藥用價(jia)值高(gao)。

2、內在品(pin)質指(zhi)標宕昌黨(dang)參(can)微量元(yuan)素含(han)量豐富(fu)，鋅≥20mg/kg、鐵≥400mg/kg、鈣≥2mg/kg、錳(meng)≥15mg/kg、磷≥2.5mg/kg，鎂≥1.5 mg/kg。

3、安全要求宕(dang)昌黨參(can)(can)生(sheng)產(chan)嚴格(ge)按(an)照《NY5318-2006 無(wu)公(gong)害食品(pin)參(can)(can)類》要求執行(xing)，生(sheng)產(chan)應按(an)照《隴南市宕(dang)昌黨參(can)(can)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)術規程》合(he)理(li)使用(yong)農業投(tou)入(ru)品(pin)和田(tian)間投(tou)入(ru)物(wu)，嚴禁使用(yong)國家(jia)明令禁止使用(yong)的高劇毒農藥，嚴禁使用(yong)植物(wu)生(sheng)長激素，嚴格(ge)執行(xing)農藥安全間隔期(qi)，經農藥殘毒檢查合(he)格(ge)后方可上(shang)市銷售。