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一·自然生(sheng)態環境和人文歷史因素

1、土(tu)壤(rang)地貌情(qing)況：肇(zhao)(zhao)州縣(xian)(xian)(xian)位(wei)于黑(hei)龍江省西南(nan)部(bu)(bu)，松(song)花江之(zhi)北，松(song)嫩平(ping)原腹地，背靠大慶油田(tian)，東部(bu)(bu)與(yu)肇(zhao)(zhao)東市(shi)比鄰，西部(bu)(bu)與(yu)大同區交界，南(nan)部(bu)(bu)與(yu)肇(zhao)(zhao)源縣(xian)(xian)(xian)接壤(rang)，北部(bu)(bu)與(yu)安達市(shi)相連，海(hai)拔(ba)高度在134－578米(mi)之(zhi)間(jian)，平(ping)均海(hai)拔(ba)150米(mi)左(zuo)右，農業(ye)區平(ping)均海(hai)拔(ba)167米(mi)左(zuo)右。肇(zhao)(zhao)州縣(xian)(xian)(xian)是"全(quan)國糧食(shi)生(sheng)產先(xian)進縣(xian)(xian)(xian)"、"全(quan)國農業(ye)標(biao)準(zhun)化示范縣(xian)(xian)(xian)"。肇(zhao)(zhao)州縣(xian)(xian)(xian)屬(shu)于沖擊性(xing)平(ping)原，地處世界公認的第二大黃金玉米(mi)帶，土(tu)壤(rang)多為黑(hei)鈣土(tu)和草甸圖，其中有機質含量基(ji)本在2-4%，蓄水能力強，易反(fan)潤，光(guang)(guang)照充(chong)足，熱量豐富，適宜糯(nuo)玉米(mi)作(zuo)物生(sheng)長，產出(chu)的糯(nuo)玉米(mi)顆粒(li)飽滿，色澤光(guang)(guang)亮，口感(gan)粘(zhan)糯(nuo)。

2、氣(qi)候特(te)征：肇(zhao)州(zhou)縣氣(qi)候屬中溫(wen)帶大陸(lu)性(xing)季(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候，一(yi)年(nian)四季(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)明(ming)，春季(ji)(ji)(ji)多風(feng)干(gan)旱(han)(han)；夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)熱多雨；秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)涼適中；冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)寒冷干(gan)燥。年(nian)均活動積溫(wen)2800℃，無霜期143天(tian)。肇(zhao)州(zhou)縣的氣(qi)候特(te)點(dian)是典型的水旱(han)(han)兼作農(nong)業氣(qi)候區。

二.地域范圍

肇(zhao)州(zhou)縣(xian)地(di)(di)處黑(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)省西南(nan)部，松(song)花江(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)北(bei)(bei)，松(song)嫩平原腹(fu)地(di)(di)，背(bei)靠(kao)大慶油田(tian)，東(dong)(dong)部與(yu)肇(zhao)東(dong)(dong)市比(bi)鄰，西部與(yu)大同(tong)區(qu)交界，南(nan)部與(yu)肇(zhao)源縣(xian)接壤(rang)，北(bei)(bei)部與(yu)安達市相連。全縣(xian)幅員(yuan)面積2445平方公里(li)，肇(zhao)州(zhou)糯(nuo)玉米的(de)保護(hu)區(qu)域包(bao)括肇(zhao)州(zhou)鎮(zhen)、興城鎮(zhen)、豐(feng)樂鎮(zhen)、永(yong)樂鎮(zhen)、二井子鎮(zhen)、朝陽溝鎮(zhen)、榆樹(shu)鄉、新(xin)福鄉、永(yong)勝鄉、雙發鄉、托(tuo)古鄉、朝陽鄉15個鄉鎮(zhen)，地(di)(di)理坐標為(wei)東(dong)(dong)經124°48′12″～125°48′03″，北(bei)(bei)緯(wei)45°35′02″～46°16′08″，地(di)(di)域保護(hu)范(fan)圍面積222萬畝(mu)(mu)，轄區(qu)糯(nuo)玉米種植面積5.26萬畝(mu)(mu)，年產量9.25萬噸。

三.產品品質特性(xing)特征

1、外(wai)在感(gan)官：肇州糯玉米(mi)穗形粒型一致，顆粒飽(bao)滿(man)，排列整齊，口感(gan)香粘柔嫩(nen)微甜(tian)，色澤晶瑩透亮，可蒸熟(shu)(shu)、煮熟(shu)(shu)、烤(kao)熟(shu)(shu)食用。成熟(shu)(shu)脫粒后的糯玉米(mi)顆粒飽(bao)滿(man)，米(mi)質(zhi)晶瑩。

2、內在品(pin)質指(zhi)標：肇州糯玉(yu)米(mi)（鮮食）粗蛋白(bai)含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)4%，粗脂肪含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)小于(yu)(yu)3%，支鏈淀粉含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)90%，每100克(ke)維生素B2含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)0.1毫(hao)克(ke)，鈣含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)2毫(hao)克(ke)，鎂含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)50毫(hao)克(ke)。肇州糯玉(yu)米(mi)(成品(pin))粗蛋白(bai)含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)8%，粗脂肪含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)小于(yu)(yu)5%，支鏈淀粉含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)90%，每100克(ke)維生素B2含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)0.02毫(hao)克(ke)，鈣含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)4毫(hao)克(ke)，鎂含(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)80毫(hao)克(ke)。

3、成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)籽(zi)粒品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)：成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)脫粒后的(de)糯玉米顆粒飽滿，米質(zhi)晶瑩。4、安(an)(an)全(quan)要求：肇州(zhou)糯玉米符(fu)合國(guo)家(jia)《食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)國(guo)家(jia)標(biao)準(zhun)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)中農藥(yao)最大殘(can)留限(xian)量》（GB 2763-2014）和(he)《食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)國(guo)家(jia)標(biao)準(zhun)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)中污染物(wu)限(xian)量》（GB2762-2012）。5、包(bao)裝標(biao)識等(deng)相關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)：產品(pin)(pin)(pin)在運輸過程中運輸工具應(ying)清(qing)潔(jie)、干(gan)燥、有(you)(you)(you)防雨設(she)施(shi)(shi)。嚴禁與(yu)有(you)(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)(you)腐蝕性、有(you)(you)(you)異味的(de)物(wu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)混運。在避光、常溫(wen)、干(gan)燥和(he)有(you)(you)(you)防潮設(she)施(shi)(shi)的(de)地方貯藏。貯藏設(she)施(shi)(shi)應(ying)清(qing)潔(jie)、干(gan)燥、通風(feng)、無(wu)蟲害和(he)鼠害。嚴禁與(yu)有(you)(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)(you)腐蝕性、易發霉、發潮、有(you)(you)(you)異味的(de)物(wu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)混存。包(bao)裝應(ying)符(fu)合市場流通產品(pin)(pin)(pin)包(bao)裝的(de)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)，正(zheng)確規(gui)范地使用標(biao)志。

四.特定(ding)生產方式

1、整地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)及保(bao)(bao)護性(xing)(xing)耕作(zuo)：1.1、整地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)：1.1.1、秋(qiu)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)秋(qiu)整地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)：2-3年輪翻(fan)(fan)(fan)一(yi)(yi)次，或采(cai)用深(shen)(shen)(shen)松(song)措施(shi)（深(shen)(shen)(shen)度35-40cm）。前作(zuo)收(shou)獲(huo)后，及時(shi)滅茬施(shi)肥(fei)秋(qiu)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)，做到(dao)(dao)根茬翻(fan)(fan)(fan)埋(mai)良(liang)好，耕深(shen)(shen)(shen)18-25cm，耕后及時(shi)耙、壓，注意保(bao)(bao)墑，在(zai)(zai)秋(qiu)季達到(dao)(dao)可播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)狀態。1.1.2、秋(qiu)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)春整地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di) 秋(qiu)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，待(dai)土(tu)壤化凍15cm左右時(shi)，就要(yao)耙、耢、起壟(long)(long)(long)(long)、鎮(zhen)(zhen)壓，達到(dao)(dao)待(dai)播(bo)(bo)狀態。1.1.3、低洼地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai) 最好是秋(qiu)打(da)(da)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)，便于曬垡(fa)散水(shui)。1.1.4、頂漿打(da)(da)壟(long)(long)(long)(long) 春季土(tu)壤化凍15cm深(shen)(shen)(shen)時(shi)，在(zai)(zai)已清除根茬的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)上實行(xing)(xing)三(san)犁(li)(li)成壟(long)(long)(long)(long)，深(shen)(shen)(shen)施(shi)底(di)肥(fei)，隨(sui)打(da)(da)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)、隨(sui)鎮(zhen)(zhen)壓，以待(dai)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)。1.2、保(bao)(bao)護性(xing)(xing)耕作(zuo)：1.2.1、寬(kuan)(kuan)窄行(xing)(xing)交互種(zhong)植 在(zai)(zai)耕層較(jiao)(jiao)深(shen)(shen)(shen)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區，把原65cm行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)(ju)兩行(xing)(xing)做成一(yi)(yi)條帶，改種(zhong)成40和90cm寬(kuan)(kuan)窄行(xing)(xing)。第一(yi)(yi)年在(zai)(zai)40cm窄行(xing)(xing)上種(zhong)兩行(xing)(xing)糯(nuo)(nuo)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，夏季在(zai)(zai)90cm寬(kuan)(kuan)行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)(ju)內深(shen)(shen)(shen)松(song)25cm-35cm，幅寬(kuan)(kuan)50cm-60cm，秋(qiu)季兩行(xing)(xing)糯(nuo)(nuo)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)留高茬60cm-70cm。第二年在(zai)(zai)原90cm的(de)寬(kuan)(kuan)行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)(ju)深(shen)(shen)(shen)松(song)帶上播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)雙行(xing)(xing)糯(nuo)(nuo)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)(ju)40cm。原留高茬地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方成為(wei)90cm寬(kuan)(kuan)行(xing)(xing)，夏季（6月下旬）深(shen)(shen)(shen)松(song)、滅茬、就地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)腐(fu)熟還田(tian)。1.2.2、壟(long)(long)(long)(long)冊保(bao)(bao)護性(xing)(xing)栽(zai)(zai)培 在(zai)(zai)土(tu)壤耕較(jiao)(jiao)薄、風蝕較(jiao)(jiao)重的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區，采(cai)用壟(long)(long)(long)(long)側(ce)(ce)保(bao)(bao)護性(xing)(xing)栽(zai)(zai)培技術。保(bao)(bao)留秋(qiu)季根茬，播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)方法有兩種(zhong)。一(yi)(yi)是人工等距(ju)(ju)(ju)點播(bo)(bo)。平地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)（壟(long)(long)(long)(long)距(ju)(ju)(ju)較(jiao)(jiao)窄的(de)）第一(yi)(yi)年采(cai)取該栽(zai)(zai)培方式的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)，可在(zai)(zai)原壟(long)(long)(long)(long)溝靠近另一(yi)(yi)條壟(long)(long)(long)(long)側(ce)(ce)處先淺穿一(yi)(yi)犁(li)(li)，施(shi)入(ru)底(di)肥(fei)，做到(dao)(dao)化肥(fei)深(shen)(shen)(shen)施(shi)，然(ran)后在(zai)(zai)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)側(ce)(ce)深(shen)(shen)(shen)穿一(yi)(yi)犁(li)(li)起壟(long)(long)(long)(long)，用播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)器人工精量播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)，同時(shi)施(shi)入(ru)口肥(fei)，覆土(tu)并腳踩(cai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)壓保(bao)(bao)墑。坡地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)或壟(long)(long)(long)(long)距(ju)(ju)(ju)較(jiao)(jiao)寬(kuan)(kuan)的(de)可先在(zai)(zai)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)溝施(shi)入(ru)底(di)肥(fei)，然(ran)后直接在(zai)(zai)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)側(ce)(ce)深(shen)(shen)(shen)穿一(yi)(yi)犁(li)(li)起壟(long)(long)(long)(long)，用播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)器播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)、覆土(tu)；二是跟犁(li)(li)種(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)老壟(long)(long)(long)(long)溝施(shi)入(ru)底(di)肥(fei)，在(zai)(zai)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)側(ce)(ce)穿一(yi)(yi)犁(li)(li)破茬后跟犁(li)(li)種(zhong)，并施(shi)入(ru)口肥(fei)，最后在(zai)(zai)同一(yi)(yi)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)側(ce)(ce)深(shen)(shen)(shen)穿一(yi)(yi)犁(li)(li)，掏墑覆土(tu)，單(dan)磙(gun)鎮(zhen)(zhen)壓。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)后進行(xing)(xing)苗帶封閉(bi)除草。1.2.3種(zhong)植糯(nuo)(nuo)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)區域進行(xing)(xing)隔離，防止(zhi)花(hua)粉污染(ran)降低糯(nuo)(nuo)玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)品質。

2、品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)適區選(xuan)(xuan)擇及(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)處(chu)理：2.1、品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇：根(gen)據(ju)當地的(de)(de)自然條件，因(yin)地制(zhi)宜地選(xuan)(xuan)用經(jing)國家(jia)和省(sheng)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)委員會審(shen)定(ding)通過(guo)的(de)(de)淀粉含量在72%的(de)(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)、高(gao)產、抗(kang)逆性強的(de)(de)優(you)(you)良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)——黃(huang)糯(nuo)玉(yu)米(mi)、紫(zi)花糯(nuo)玉(yu)米(mi)，水肥條件好的(de)(de)地塊(kuai)以耐密和半耐密型(xing)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)主(zhu)。2.2、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)質(zhi)量：種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)選(xuan)(xuan)用達到或超過(guo)國家(jia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)標準、適合當地條件的(de)(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)。2.3、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)處(chu)理：2.3.1、曬種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前3d-5d選(xuan)(xuan)無(wu)風晴天把種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)攤(tan)開在干燥向(xiang)陽處(chu)曬2d-3d。 2.3.2、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)包衣 根(gen)據(ju)各地病害(hai)蟲害(hai)發(fa)生情況(kuang)，針對不同防治對象(xiang)，播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前選(xuan)(xuan)用相應的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)衣劑進行種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)包衣，防治地下(xia)害(hai)蟲及(ji)黑穗病。

3、播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：3.1、播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期：當耕(geng)層5cm深處地溫穩定通過(guo)6-8℃、土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)耕(geng)層含水量在20%左右(you)，即可(ke)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。當土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)含水量低(di)于(yu)18%時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)在地溫穩定通過(guo)5℃時(shi)(shi)搶墑(di)(di)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。最佳播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期要隨春季(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)墑(di)(di)情適(shi)當調整，干旱(han)(han)年份(fen)可(ke)提前(qian)搶墑(di)(di)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，多雨年份(fen)可(ke)適(shi)當推遲播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，以確(que)保全(quan)苗。3.2、播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法：3.2.1、機械(xie)(xie)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 采(cai)(cai)用(yong)大型播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機或小型單機播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)深3cm-4cm，播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)深淺(qian)一(yi)致，覆(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)均勻。當土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)含水量不(bu)足(zu)18%搶墑(di)(di)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)，采(cai)(cai)取深開(kai)溝(gou)，淺(qian)覆(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，重鎮壓，把種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)到(dao)濕(shi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)上。3.2.2、人工(gong)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 人工(gong)刨坑或機械(xie)(xie)開(kai)溝(gou)人工(gong)點播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)地塊，要播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)均勻，覆(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)均勻，把種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)到(dao)濕(shi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后視墑(di)(di)鎮壓。3.2.3、坐水種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)春季(ji)干旱(han)(han)嚴重的(de)地區。開(kai)溝(gou)補水后再播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

4、間(jian)種(zhong)：應增(zeng)加糯(nuo)玉米種(zhong)植行(xing)上(shang)的(de)密度。即2：1（2：0）間(jian)種(zhong)的(de)糯(nuo)玉米行(xing)上(shang)種(zhong)植密度比該品種(zhong)清種(zhong)增(zeng)加50%；3：1的(de)增(zeng)加35%；4：1的(de)增(zeng)加30%。

5、施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)：嚴格執行肥(fei)料合(he)(he)理(li)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準則(ze)；根據糯玉米生長需(xu)要平衡施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)經(jing)過無害(hai)化(hua)處理(li)的(de)秸稈有機肥(fei)及配合(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)配比合(he)(he)理(li)的(de)無機復合(he)(he)肥(fei)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)原則(ze)：以2000kg/畝有機肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)主，輔(fu)(fu)(fu)以其它肥(fei)料；以多元復合(he)(he)肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)主，單元素(su)肥(fei)料為(wei)(wei)輔(fu)(fu)(fu)；以施(shi)(shi)(shi)基肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)主，追肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)輔(fu)(fu)(fu)；盡(jin)量限制化(hua)肥(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；及時做(zuo)好肥(fei)料使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)田間檔案記錄；不施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)城市生活垃圾肥(fei)。

6、田(tian)間管理：6.1、查(cha)(cha)田(tian)補種：播種后及(ji)時查(cha)(cha)種、查(cha)(cha)芽，對(dui)壞種、壞芽的應及(ji)時催芽坐水補種。6.2、間、定苗(miao)(miao)(miao)：幼(you)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)3葉(xie)期間苗(miao)(miao)(miao)，4葉(xie)-5葉(xie)期定苗(miao)(miao)(miao)。留(liu)大苗(miao)(miao)(miao)、壯苗(miao)(miao)(miao)、齊(qi)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)，不要求(qiu)等距，但要按單位面(mian)積保(bao)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)密(mi)度(du)留(liu)足苗(miao)(miao)(miao)，可(ke)多留(liu)一(yi)成苗(miao)(miao)(miao)，留(liu)作追(zhui)肥前(qian)去掉弱(ruo)、小(xiao)、病(bing)、雜苗(miao)(miao)(miao)時備用(yong)，以(yi)保(bao)證(zheng)定足苗(miao)(miao)(miao)。6.3、鏟趟(tang)：及(ji)時鏟趟(tang)，鏟前(qian)深趟(tang)一(yi)犁。除(chu)免耕地(di)塊(kuai)外(wai)，當幼(you)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)長(chang)到2葉(xie)-3葉(xie)時，進行鏟前(qian)深趟(tang)一(yi)犁，追(zhui)肥后趟(tang)地(di)封垅。6.4、病(bing)、蟲(chong)、草、鼠防(fang)治：6.4.1、人工除(chu)草。6.4.2、大斑病(bing)防(fang)治：用(yong)50%多菌靈(ling)可(ke)濕性粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)500倍液(ye)(ye)(ye)，或(huo)50%退菌特可(ke)濕性粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)800倍液(ye)(ye)(ye)等藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，于糯(nuo)玉(yu)米(mi)雄花期噴(pen)(pen)1次(ci)(ci)-2次(ci)(ci)，每隔(ge)10d-15d噴(pen)(pen)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)。6.4.3、小(xiao)斑病(bing)防(fang)治 發病(bing)初(chu)期用(yong)0%多菌靈(ling)可(ke)濕性粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)500倍液(ye)(ye)(ye)，或(huo)65%代森錳(meng)鋅(xin)可(ke)濕性粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)500倍液(ye)(ye)(ye)等藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，從心葉(xie)末(mo)(mo)期到抽雄期，每7d噴(pen)(pen)1次(ci)(ci)，連續(xu)噴(pen)(pen)2次(ci)(ci)-3次(ci)(ci)。6.4.4、粘(zhan)蟲(chong) 6月(yue)中(zhong)、下(xia)旬至7月(yue)上旬，如平均每株有一(yi)頭粘(zhan)蟲(chong)，畝(mu)用(yong)2.5%功夫(fu)乳(ru)油(you)或(huo)20%速(su)滅殺丁乳(ru)油(you)20ml兌水30kg噴(pen)(pen)霧，把(ba)粘(zhan)蟲(chong)消滅在(zai)(zai)三齡之前(qian)。6.4.5、玉(yu)米(mi)螟(ming)：6.4.5.1、白(bai)僵(jiang)菌 一(yi)般在(zai)(zai)玉(yu)米(mi)螟(ming)化蛹前(qian)，對(dui)糯(nuo)玉(yu)米(mi)和(he)(he)高(gao)粱秸、茬垛，每平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)白(bai)僵(jiang)菌75g-100g和(he)(he)10倍的細土(tu)（或(huo)滑石粉(fen)）拌(ban)勻，噴(pen)(pen)粉(fen)封垛；或(huo)在(zai)(zai)糯(nuo)玉(yu)米(mi)放(fang)螟(ming)羽(yu)化盛(sheng)期每立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)插2根-3根用(yong)50%敵(di)敵(di)畏乳(ru)油(you)浸(jin)泡的高(gao)粱稈熏(xun)殺羽(yu)化成蟲(chong)。6.4.5.2、高(gao)壓汞燈捕(bu)殺 在(zai)(zai)糯(nuo)玉(yu)米(mi)產區村屯的開(kai)闊地(di)（距房屋15m以(yi)上），每16公頃糯(nuo)玉(yu)米(mi)田(tian)設置(zhi)一(yi)盞(zhan)高(gao)壓汞燈，一(yi)般在(zai)(zai)6月(yue)中(zhong)下(xia)旬開(kai)燈，7月(yue)末(mo)(mo)關(guan)燈，每晚(wan)8點(dian)半開(kai)燈，早(zao)4點(dian)關(guan)燈。6.4.5.3、赤(chi)眼蜂(feng)防(fang)治 在(zai)(zai)6月(yue)初(chu)-7月(yue)10日，剖稈調查(cha)(cha)，當糯(nuo)玉(yu)米(mi)螟(ming)化蛹率大20%時，后推11d為(wei)第一(yi)次(ci)(ci)放(fang)蜂(feng)適期，公頃放(fang)蜂(feng)10.5萬頭。隔(ge)5d-7d再(zai)放(fang)第二次(ci)(ci)，放(fang)蜂(feng)12.0萬頭，兩次(ci)(ci)共計放(fang)蜂(feng)22.5萬頭。放(fang)蜂(feng)方(fang)(fang)法：每公頃選15個-30個點(dian)，將蜂(feng)卡固定在(zai)(zai)植株中(zhong)部葉(xie)片(pian)背(bei)面(mian)。

7、產品收獲：8月(yue)(yue)15日(ri)前收獲(huo)鮮糯玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)，9月(yue)(yue)26日(ri)收獲(huo)成熟的糯玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)籽(zi)粒。

8、生產記(ji)錄要(yao)(yao)求：要(yao)(yao)做好生產全過程的(de)記(ji)錄，包括：種子、化(hua)肥、農藥的(de)購銷(xiao)、使(shi)用(yong)記(ji)錄，粘糯玉米銷(xiao)售(shou)記(ji)錄等(deng)，記(ji)錄要(yao)(yao)完(wan)整、真實，保存兩年以上(shang)，投入(ru)品使(shi)用(yong)記(ji)錄要(yao)(yao)真實反映原料生產全過程。凡無投入(ru)品記(ji)錄的(de)，協(xie)會(hui)不負責銷(xiao)售(shou)。

五.包(bao)裝標識(shi)相(xiang)關(guan)規(gui)定

1、符合下列條件的(de)單位和(he)個人，可以向登記證書持有人申請使用農產品地理標志：

（1）生產經營的農產品(pin)產自登記地域范(fan)圍。

（2）已(yi)取得登(deng)記農(nong)產品相關的生產經(jing)營資質。

（3）能夠(gou)嚴格按照規(gui)定(ding)的質量(liang)技術規(gui)范組(zu)織生(sheng)產(chan)經營活(huo)動。

（4）具有地理標(biao)志農產品(pin)市場開發經營(ying)能力(li)。

（5）使用(yong)農(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標志，應(ying)當按(an)照生產(chan)經營年度與登記證書持有(you)人簽訂農(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標志使用(yong)協(xie)(xie)議(yi)(yi)，在協(xie)(xie)議(yi)(yi)中載明使用(yong)數量、范(fan)圍(wei)及(ji)相關(guan)的責任義務

2、農(nong)產品地理(li)標志使用人享有(you)以下權利：

（1）可以在產(chan)品(pin)及其包裝統一(yi)使(shi)用(yong)農產(chan)品(pin)地理標志(zhi)。

（2）可(ke)以使用登記的農產品地理標志進行宣傳(chuan)和(he)參加(jia)展覽、展示和(he)展銷。

3、農(nong)產品地理標志使用人(ren)應當履行以下義務：

（1）自覺接受登記證書(shu)持(chi)有人的監督(du)檢(jian)查。

（2）保(bao)證地(di)理標(biao)志農產品(pin)的品(pin)質和信譽。

（3）正確規范地使(shi)用農產品(pin)地理標志(zhi)。

（4）地(di)理(li)標(biao)志農產品的生(sheng)產經營者，應當(dang)建(jian)立(li)質(zhi)量控制追溯體系，農產品地(di)理(li)標(biao)志持有人和標(biao)志使用人，對(dui)地(di)理(li)標(biao)志農產品的質(zhi)量和信(xin)譽(yu)負責。

（5）任(ren)何單位和個人不(bu)得偽造、冒用農(nong)產品(pin)地(di)理標志和登記證書。

（6）鼓(gu)勵(li)單位和(he)個人對農產品地理標志進行社會監督(du)。