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基本介紹

國(guo)家(jia)2A級景(jing)區、省級重點(dian)文物保護單位。位于江西省蓮花縣城南(nan)門(men)廣場(chang)右(you)側，沿解放街南(nan)路或外資路可直達(da)。是展示我國(guo)贛西古代(dai)建(jian)筑藝術及國(guo)內第(di)二次革命戰爭時期光(guang)榮(rong)歷(li)史的專(zhuan)題(ti)型紀念(nian)館。

蓮(lian)花一(yi)枝槍紀念館館址原為始建(jian)(jian)于清道(dao)光(guang)五年的(de)文化設(she)施賓興館。上世紀20年代又是(shi)中(zhong)國工農革(ge)命軍(jun)活(huo)動(dong)所在地。抗戰時被(bei)毀。1968年在原址按原貌重建(jian)(jian)。館舍占地面(mian)積(ji)4200平方米，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)770平方米，是(shi)用(yong)青磚建(jian)(jian)造的(de)祠堂(tang)式建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，磚木結構，分前后(hou)兩(liang)進，前進四周有(you)迥(jiong)廊，開三(san)扇(shan)大門(men)，進門(men)有(you)天井，后(hou)進有(you)中(zhong)堂(tang)，兩(liang)側有(you)廂(xiang)房，后(hou)廳有(you)小(xiao)天井。

該館曾(ceng)出(chu)版血(xue)泊火海、紅嶺一(yi)枝槍等。

館藏實力

紀念館中堂(tang)(tang)陳列著部(bu)分珍(zhen)(zhen)貴(gui)文物和(he)(he)(he)照片(pian)，靠中堂(tang)(tang)右廂房為毛澤東(dong)和(he)(he)(he)方志(zhi)(zhi)敏(min)同(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)舊居。大廳右側陳列著一枝槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)等(deng)90余件珍(zhen)(zhen)貴(gui)文物，并著重介紹了(le)一枝槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的光(guang)榮歷史。1926年，在(zai)湖(hu)南農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)運動(dong)(dong)的推動(dong)(dong)下(xia)，掀(xian)起(qi)(qi)了(le)轟轟烈(lie)烈(lie)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)運動(dong)(dong)，全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)8個區136個鄉都成(cheng)立(li)(li)(li)了(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)協會(hui)(hui)，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城成(cheng)立(li)(li)(li)了(le)總工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)，同(tong)(tong)時還成(cheng)立(li)(li)(li)了(le)兩支工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)武裝(zhuang)力量(liang)，即農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)自衛(wei)團和(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城保安隊(dui)(dui)，兩隊(dui)(dui)共有槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)枝60枝。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)武裝(zhuang)成(cheng)立(li)(li)(li)后，為保障工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)利益，強迫土豪劣紳減租減息，開(kai)展平倉清谷運動(dong)(dong)，受到(dao)貧苦工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)的熱烈(lie)歡迎。1927年6月下(xia)旬，江西省農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)會(hui)(hui)負責(ze)人方志(zhi)(zhi)敏(min)化名李特派員(yuan)（李祥(xiang)松）來指導(dao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)運動(dong)(dong)，曾居住(zhu)在(zai)賓興(xing)館，1935年方志(zhi)(zhi)敏(min)同(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)把他在(zai)開(kai)展運動(dong)(dong)的經歷寫(xie)入(ru)《我從事革(ge)命(ming)(ming)斗(dou)爭之略述》中。1927年，蔣介石在(zai)上海發動(dong)(dong)“四一二”反革(ge)命(ming)(ming)政變(bian)，迫使(shi)各(ge)地(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)武裝(zhuang)力量(liang)繳(jiao)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)。土豪劣紳與縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城反動(dong)(dong)武裝(zhuang)靖衛(wei)隊(dui)(dui)勾結一起(qi)(qi)，襲擊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)會(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)黨部(bu)等(deng)機關，誘使(shi)和(he)(he)(he)逼迫縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)武裝(zhuang)力量(liang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)自衛(wei)軍(jun)繳(jiao)出(chu)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)枝。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)軍(jun)經過多次戰(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou)受到(dao)重創，參戰(zhan)(zhan)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)枝幾乎散失。以(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)軍(jun)班(ban)長、共產黨員(yuan)賀(he)(he)國慶為首的部(bu)分同(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)堅持(chi)正義(yi)，冒著生命(ming)(ming)危險，為革(ge)命(ming)(ming)保存了(le)一枝槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)。為保存這(zhe)枝槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，賀(he)(he)國慶將(jiang)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)拆成(cheng)三部(bu)分，槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)身(shen)藏在(zai)沿背賀(he)(he)家祠神牌中，槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)機埋在(zai)龍山巖，子彈埋在(zai)祠堂(tang)(tang)天井中風(feng)尾(wei)樹下(xia)，以(yi)后因形勢緊張，賀(he)(he)國慶同(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)又將(jiang)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)取出(chu)來，藏于湖(hu)南攸縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)石橋塘。反動(dong)(dong)派為追繳(jiao)這(zhe)枝槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，將(jiang)九都施家和(he)(he)(he)里山村燒成(cheng)一片(pian)廢墟。賀(he)(he)國慶的父(fu)親賀(he)(he)承茂(mao)被敵(di)人活活燒死，其弟也英勇獻(xian)身(shen)。

1927年9月(yue)25日(ri)，毛(mao)澤東率秋收起義(yi)部隊從(cong)蘆溪經進軍井岡山，攻克了(le)(le)縣(xian)(xian)城，當晚(wan)住于賓(bin)光館內(nei)。次日(ri)清晨，毛(mao)澤東召開(kai)了(le)(le)縣(xian)(xian)黨組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)部分負(fu)責(ze)人會議(yi)，就恢復和發展黨的組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)，開(kai)展武(wu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)斗(dou)爭(zheng)，建立農(nong)村(cun)革命根(gen)據地(di)作了(le)(le)重要講話(hua)。11月(yue)上旬，毛(mao)澤東又在寧(ning)岡茅坪象山庵主持召開(kai)寧(ning)岡、永新(xin)、三縣(xian)(xian)黨組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)負(fu)責(ze)人聯(lian)席(xi)會議(yi)。決定(ding)恢復黨的組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)，重建紅(hong)(hong)色地(di)方(fang)(fang)武(wu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)。1928年初，中共縣(xian)(xian)特支隊成立，重建紅(hong)(hong)色地(di)方(fang)(fang)武(wu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)赤(chi)色隊，拿起大革命失敗時保存(cun)下來的一枝(zhi)(zhi)槍(qiang)，開(kai)展了(le)(le)艱苦卓(zhuo)絕的游擊(ji)戰爭(zheng)。地(di)方(fang)(fang)武(wu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)不斷(duan)壯大，由(you)一枝(zhi)(zhi)槍(qiang)發展到200余枝(zhi)(zhi)，并不斷(duan)為主力紅(hong)(hong)軍輸送人員和武(wu)器。這(zhe)就是毛(mao)澤東同志(zhi)在《井岡山的斗(dou)爭(zheng)》一文中高(gao)度評價(jia)“保存(cun)了(le)(le)一枝(zhi)(zhi)槍(qiang)”。

歷史沿革

該館(guan)包括古代(dai)(dai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑實體和(he)(he)革(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)珍貴史(shi)料(liao)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)部(bu)分：前(qian)(qian)(qian)者(zhe)以(yi)明清(qing)(qing)時期(qi)(qi)江南(nan)(nan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑為展(zhan)示(shi)內(nei)容，它(ta)始建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于清(qing)(qing)道(dao)光五年（1825），原(yuan)名(ming)賓興館(guan)，為清(qing)(qing)代(dai)(dai)廳文化、教育設施，民國(guo)時期(qi)(qi)曾是(shi)(shi)國(guo)共合(he)作時縣黨部(bu)與農(nong)民自(zi)衛團(tuan)駐地(di)，后(hou)(hou)又(you)成為一(yi)代(dai)(dai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)偉人(ren)從(cong)事革(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)活動的(de)(de)紀(ji)念場所。后(hou)(hou)者(zhe)系列(lie)介紹了第二次國(guo)內(nei)革(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)戰(zhan)爭時期(qi)(qi)地(di)方(fang)革(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)武裝的(de)(de)斗(dou)爭經歷(li)和(he)(he)一(yi)枝(zhi)槍的(de)(de)光榮歷(li)史(shi)，集中展(zhan)示(shi)在中堂(tang)和(he)(he)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)邊廂房。現(xian)保存下來的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑是(shi)(shi)1968年縣政府(fu)按(an)舊貌修建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)，為南(nan)(nan)方(fang)祠堂(tang)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑，座北朝南(nan)(nan)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)進，前(qian)(qian)(qian)為大廳，中有(you)天井，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)邊回(hui)廊，后(hou)(hou)設中堂(tang)，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)邊廂房，整個建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑磚木結構(gou)，占地(di)面(mian)積740平方(fang)米，層高8米，古色古香，雕(diao)梁畫(hua)棟，氣勢(shi)憂(you)宏(hong)。當時命(ming)(ming)名(ming)為“毛主席領導一(yi)枝(zhi)槍紀(ji)念館(guan)”。整個建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑磚木結構(gou)，灰磚砌(qi)成，青瓦蓋頂。又(you)名(ming)“蓮花一(yi)枝(zhi)槍”紀(ji)念館(guan)。

1927年7月，省農會負責人(ren)(ren)(ren)方志(zhi)(zhi)敏(min)同志(zhi)(zhi)居此，多(duo)次召集會議，宣傳減租(zu)減息，進行農運工作。大革命失敗(bai)后(hou)，蓮(lian)花農民(min)自(zi)衛軍總共60支槍(qiang)被(bei)敵(di)人(ren)(ren)(ren)繳(jiao)去59支，只剩下賀國慶同志(zhi)(zhi)保存的(de)一支槍(qiang)。為(wei)保住(zhu)這(zhe)支槍(qiang)，賀國慶同志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)父親，被(bei)敵(di)人(ren)(ren)(ren)活活燒死，弟(di)弟(di)全家(jia)被(bei)害(hai)(hai)得(de)妻離子(zi)散，家(jia)破人(ren)(ren)(ren)亡，但不管敵(di)人(ren)(ren)(ren)如何迫害(hai)(hai)，這(zhe)枝(zhi)槍(qiang)始(shi)終掌握在人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)手(shou)中。

1927年(nian)9月(yue)25日，毛(mao)澤(ze)東(dong)同志率領(ling)秋(qiu)收起(qi)義(yi)部(bu)隊攻克(ke)蓮(lian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)縣(xian)城，搗毀偽(wei)縣(xian)公署、縣(xian)黨部(bu)，砸開(kai)偽(wei)監(jian)獄，解(jie)放(fang)了七十(shi)余名(ming)共產黨員和(he)革(ge)命群眾(zhong)，開(kai)倉濟貧。當晚，毛(mao)澤(ze)東(dong)同志和(he)部(bu)隊領(ling)導(dao)機關就駐扎在這(zhe)里，次日清晨，毛(mao)澤(ze)東(dong)同志召集蓮(lian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)地方(fang)黨組(zu)織(zhi)領(ling)導(dao)在這(zhe)里開(kai)會，作了重要指示，鼓勵大家盡快恢復黨的(de)(de)組(zu)織(zhi)，發(fa)展地方(fang)武(wu)裝，進行土(tu)地革(ge)命，使蓮(lian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)人民在大革(ge)命失敗的(de)(de)黑暗中找到(dao)(dao)繼續斗(dou)爭的(de)(de)光明道路，會后(hou)蓮(lian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)黨組(zu)織(zhi)負責人劉仁堪、朱義(yi)祖兩位(wei)同志隨部(bu)隊前往井岡(gang)山。毛(mao)澤(ze)東(dong)在《井岡(gang)山的(de)(de)斗(dou)爭》一(yi)文中充分(fen)肯定了“蓮(lian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)一(yi)枝槍(qiang)”的(de)(de)革(ge)命斗(dou)爭精神。解(jie)放(fang)軍總政(zheng)歌舞團和(he)江西省京劇團等文藝團體創作和(he)演出了謳歌“蓮(lian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)一(yi)枝槍(qiang)”的(de)(de)劇本(ben)，慕名(ming)前來參觀的(de)(de)中央和(he)各級領(ling)導(dao)等中外觀眾(zhong)達數十(shi)萬人次。1987年(nian)10月(yue)29日，毛(mao)主席的(de)(de)兒(er)子、兒(er)媳岸(an)青(qing)和(he)邵華同志來到(dao)(dao)蓮(lian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)，揮(hui)毫寫下了“蓮(lian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)一(yi)支槍(qiang)，美名(ming)傳四(si)方(fang)，昔日打江山，今(jin)天保家鄉。”