芒果视频下载

黃河(he)(he)三角(jiao)洲，以山東省東營市墾利縣(xian)寧海(hai)為軸點，北(bei)起套爾(er)河(he)(he)口(kou)(kou)，南至淄脈河(he)(he)口(kou)(kou)，向東撒開的扇(shan)狀地(di)形，海(hai)拔高程低(di)于15米，面積達5450平方(fang)公里。三角(jiao)洲屬溫帶季風(feng)型大(da)陸性氣候，四季分明，光照充足，區(qu)內自(zi)然(ran)(ran)資源豐富(fu)。1991年(nian)時(shi)在此設(she)立(li)了自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)，并于1992年(nian)晉升(sheng)為國家(jia)級自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)，以保護(hu)黃河(he)(he)口(kou)(kou)原生濕(shi)地(di)生態系統和丹頂鶴、白(bai)頭鶴等珍稀(xi)瀕(bin)危鳥類為主(zhu)體。另外，資源豐富(fu)的黃河(he)(he)三角(jiao)洲，對(dui)于環渤(bo)海(hai)及東北(bei)亞(ya)地(di)區(qu)經(jing)濟發展(zhan)，也有(you)著極大(da)地(di)經(jing)濟價值。

保護對象

動物

區內動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)可分成陸生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)態(tai)群(qun)和，海洋動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)態(tai)群(qun)，共記錄(lu)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1524種(zhong)。陸生(sheng)脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)300種(zhong)，其中獸類(lei)20種(zhong)，鳥類(lei)265種(zhong)，爬行類(lei)9種(zhong)，兩棲(qi)類(lei)6種(zhong)。陸生(sheng)無脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)583種(zhong)，其中節(jie)肢動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)534種(zhong)，原腔動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)32種(zhong)，扁(bian)體動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)17種(zhong)。陸生(sheng)性水生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)223種(zhong)，其中淡水魚(yu)類(lei)108種(zhong)，甲(jia)殼動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)49種(zhong)，軟體動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)13種(zhong)，原腔動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)18種(zhong)，原生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)19種(zhong)r環節(jie)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)4種(zhong)，水生(sheng)昆蟲12種(zhong)。

海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)性(xing)水生動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)共有(you)41.8種(zhong)(zhong)，其中海(hai)(hai)獸(shou)類5種(zhong)(zhong)，海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)爬行類1種(zhong)(zhong)，海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)魚類85種(zhong)(zhong)，甲殼動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)99種(zhong)(zhong)，軟體動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)95種(zhong)(zhong)，環節(jie)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)81種(zhong)(zhong)，腔腸(chang)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)25種(zhong)(zhong)，紐形(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)，棘皮動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong)，星蟲動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)2種(zhong)(zhong)，腕足動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)3種(zhong)(zhong)，毛顎動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1種(zhong)(zhong)，其它(ta)脊(ji)索(suo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)3種(zhong)(zhong)。

黃河三角洲自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)是中(zhong)國(guo)最大的一塊新生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)濕地，區(qu)內動(dong)(dong)物(wu)分(fen)為陸(lu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)群和(he)(he)海(hai)(hai)洋動(dong)(dong)物(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)群，共(gong)記錄(lu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)1524種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。陸(lu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)300種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，無脊椎(zhui)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)583種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；陸(lu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性水生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)223種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，海(hai)(hai)洋性水生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)418種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)是東北亞內陸(lu)和(he)(he)環西(xi)太(tai)平洋鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)遷徙重要的“中(zhong)轉站”，越冬地和(he)(he)繁殖地。鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)資源豐富(fu)，珍稀(xi)瀕危(wei)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)眾多(duo)。自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內共(gong)有(you)(you)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)265種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)屬國(guo)家一級(ji)重點保(bao)護(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)：白(bai)鸛、中(zhong)華(hua)秋沙鴨、白(bai)尾海(hai)(hai)雕、金雕、丹(dan)頂鶴白(bai)頭鶴、大鴇7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬國(guo)家二級(ji)重點保(bao)護(hu)的鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)海(hai)(hai)鸕鶿、大天鵝(e)、灰鶴、白(bai)尾鷂

等(deng)33種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在《瀕危野生動植(zhi)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際(ji)貿易公約》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬附錄Ⅰ的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)有(you)白鸛(guan)、丹(dan)頂(ding)鶴(he)等(deng)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬附錄Ⅱ的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)有(you)花臉鴨、鵲鷂等(deng)26種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬于附錄Ⅲ的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)有(you)大(da)白鷺(lu)、針尾鴨等(deng)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)澳保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)候(hou)鳥(niao)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)棲息環境(jing)的(de)協(xie)定》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)81種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)內(nei)有(you)51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)日保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)候(hou)鳥(niao)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)棲息環境(jing)的(de)協(xie)定》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)227種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)內(nei)有(you)152種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

自然保護區其他動(dong)物(wu)(wu)資源有(you)：陸生(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)35種，陸生(sheng)無脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)583種，水生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)641種，其中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)一級重點(dian)保護動(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)：白鱘、達氏鱘2種，屬國(guo)家(jia)二級重點(dian)保護動(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)江豚(tun)、寬吻海豚(tun)、松江鱸魚等7種。在《瀕(bin)危野生(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)種國(guo)際(ji)貿易公(gong)約(yue)》中(zhong)，屬附(fu)(fu)(fu)錄Ⅰ的(de)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)棱皮龜、江豚(tun)2種，屬附(fu)(fu)(fu)錄Ⅱ的(de)種類有(you)豹貓、小須鯨等4種，屬于(yu)附(fu)(fu)(fu)錄Ⅲ的(de)種類有(you)黃(huang)鼬1種。

植物

保護(hu)區內共(gong)有各類植物(wu)393種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))。其中浮游(you)植物(wu)4門、116種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))；蕨類植物(wu)3科(ke)、3屬(shu)、4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；裸子(zi)(zi)植物(wu)2科(ke)、2屬(shu)、2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；被子(zi)(zi)植物(wu)54科(ke)、178屬(shu)、271種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中單子(zi)(zi)葉植物(wu)11科(ke)、57屬(shu)、87種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，雙子(zi)(zi)葉植物(wu)43科(ke)、121屬(shu)、184種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

科研價值

濕地生態

濕地生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統是(shi)水(shui)生生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統向陸地生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統的一個過渡階段，其基本生態(tai)功能(neng)是(shi)調節水(shui)

份循環和(he)維持(chi)濕地的(de)動植(zhi)物資(zi)源，特(te)別是水禽的(de)棲息地和(he)遷移性(xing)(xing)鳥類的(de)繁殖地，其脆弱性(xing)(xing)決(jue)定了易失難復(fu)原的(de)現實，因(yin)而(er)開(kai)展對(dui)濕地生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)者、消費者的(de)研究(jiu)，掌握其演替規律，研究(jiu)其發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)、發(fa)展、組成(cheng)至關重(zhong)要(yao)。

林種基因

自然保護區(qu)內分布著天然柳林、天然檉柳林及(ji)大面(mian)積(ji)的野大豆(dou)，提供了對(dui)遺傳基因研究(jiu)和(he)植物(wu)發(fa)展(zhan)演替規律研究(jiu)的基本材料。

穩定黃河

開展黃(huang)河(he)(he)穩流(liu)固道研(yan)究是一個(ge)高難度課(ke)題(ti)，運用海動(dong)力學原理及黃(huang)河(he)(he)沉砂(sha)規(gui)律研(yan)究穩定黃(huang)河(he)(he)尾(wei)閭的工程措施(shi)，事關大局，意義深(shen)遠(yuan)，將(jiang)是對全民族的貢(gong)獻。

改良土地

自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內隱性潮土(tu)(tu)占保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)總面積的(de)40%，這部分土(tu)(tu)壤pH值在7.5～7.8之間，極(ji)易發生鹽(yan)漬化(hua)。50年代后期的(de)盲目開(kai)發，使該地區(qu)大片土(tu)(tu)地鹽(yan)堿化(hua)，給當(dang)地的(de)生態環境(jing)(jing)和工農業生產造成(cheng)難(nan)以估量的(de)損(sun)失(shi)。因(yin)此，在掌(zhang)握(wo)該濕(shi)地生態系統演化(hua)規律的(de)基礎上，開(kai)展對(dui)鹽(yan)堿地優良環境(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)究和對(dui)各類資(zi)源充分、合理(li)利用與改良研(yan)(yan)究，對(dui)我(wo)國建(jian)設黃(huang)河三角洲糧棉基地有重要(yao)意義。