博物館文化縮影
農(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua),是指由(you)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)在長期農(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)形成的(de)一種風(feng)俗文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua),以為(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)服務和(he)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)自(zi)身娛(yu)樂為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心。漢族(zu)農(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)集合了儒家(jia)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)及各(ge)類(lei)(lei)(lei)宗教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)(wei)一體(ti),形成了自(zi)己獨特(te)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)內容(rong)和(he)特(te)征,主體(ti)包括語言,風(feng)俗,戲劇,民(min)(min)歌,生(sheng)活(huo)、生(sheng)產(chan)方式及各(ge)類(lei)(lei)(lei)祭祀活(huo)動(dong)等(deng),是中(zhong)(zhong)國存在最為(wei)(wei)廣泛(fan)的(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)類(lei)(lei)(lei)型。
追(zhui)溯漢族農(nong)耕(geng)文化起(qi)源(yuan),有一(yi)句"男耕(geng)女(nv)織"之說(shuo),它不僅是指早(zao)期的(de)勞動分(fen)工,也是農(nong)耕(geng)文化形成(cheng)的(de)基礎。早(zao)在河姆渡時期,出土的(de)谷物化石,則(ze)說(shuo)明(ming)"農(nong)耕(geng)"已產(chan)生。
農(nong)業(ye)是(shi)國之根本(ben),中(zhong)國是(shi)一(yi)個傳統農(nong)業(ye)大國,創(chuang)造了燦(can)爛的農(nong)耕(geng)文明。“文景之治(zhi)”漢景帝(di)曾提出(chu):“農(nong)耕(geng)是(shi)天下之根本(ben),黃金珠玉,饑不可食,寒(han)不可衣,皆(jie)不如谷物和(he)絲麻(ma)。”漢文帝(di)和(he)漢景帝(di)都(dou)注(zhu)重發展農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產,實行修養生(sheng)息政(zheng)策。
在中(zhong)國(guo)文化產生和發展(zhan)的過程中(zhong),農業(ye)文化是基礎,因為(wei)它(ta)是以滿足人們最基本生存需要的衣、食、住(zhu)、行(xing)為(wei)目的,決定著(zhu)漢(han)民(min)族的生存方式,塑(su)造著(zhu)漢(han)民(min)族的文化。
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是世界農(nong)(nong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)源地之一,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)耕(geng)文化(hua)是以種植業(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)社會文化(hua),它貫穿中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)傳統(tong)文化(hua)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)和(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)始終。幾千年來,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)耕(geng)文化(hua)不(bu)(bu)僅影響著(zhu)歷(li)朝歷(li)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren),而且對世界文明發(fa)(fa)(fa)展做出了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)重要貢獻。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)幾千年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、生(sheng)(sheng)活形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)綿(mian)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)耕(geng)文化(hua),不(bu)(bu)僅使(shi)(shi)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)解決了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)溫飽問題,物質(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)活不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)豐(feng)富(fu),生(sheng)(sheng)活質(zhi)量不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)提高,而且鑄就(jiu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族(zu)自強不(bu)(bu)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精神,使(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族(zu)歷(li)經磨(mo)難而不(bu)(bu)倒;鑄就(jiu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族(zu)以和(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)(li)念(nian),使(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)文明屢(lv)遭浩劫而不(bu)(bu)衰;孕育(yu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族(zu)天人(ren)(ren)合一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)想,使(shi)(shi)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)更(geng)早選(xuan)擇了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)可持(chi)續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展之路(lu);鑄就(jiu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)形式多樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民俗文化(hua),使(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)民的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活豐(feng)富(fu)多彩。更(geng)難能可貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)耕(geng)文化(hua)特(te)別強調(diao)和(he)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)理(li)(li)(li)念(nian),追求(qiu)人(ren)(ren)與自然關系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天人(ren)(ren)合一,人(ren)(ren)與人(ren)(ren)關系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)以和(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)貴(gui),追求(qiu)小康(kang)與大同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遠(yuan)景(jing)目標。作為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)傳統(tong)倫理(li)(li)(li)和(he)道(dao)德規范(fan),和(he)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)理(li)(li)(li)念(nian)塑造了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)先民的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價值取向、行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)規范(fan),維系了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定,支撐了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族(zu)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)走向科學、和(he)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)、健(jian)康(kang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展之路(lu)。
簡介
沂(yi)蒙山(shan)農(nong)耕博物(wu)館位于山(shan)東省(sheng)臨沂(yi)市(shi)蘭陵(ling)縣蘭陵(ling)國家農(nong)業公園的(de)(de)核(he)心地(di)帶,占地(di)面積(ji)16000平(ping)方米(mi),建筑(布展(zhan))面積(ji)9600平(ping)方米(mi),共(gong)分(fen)為序(xu)廳(四海升平(ping))、農(nong)耕時空(天地(di)人(ren)和)、耕種收藏(山(shan)水林田)、工匠技藝(yi)、農(nong)耕百工、衣(yi)食住(zhu)行、藍(lan)色記憶(蠟染(ran)印織(zhi))、十里紅(hong)妝(節慶婚俗)、非遺游藝(yi)(安居樂業)、特色展(zhan)賣(mai)(天下菜園)、中(zhong)華農(nong)耕二(er)十四名人(ren)、"三(san)農(nong)年(nian)畫"、尾(wei)廳(五(wu)谷豐(feng)登)等十二(er)個展(zhan)區。區通(tong)過數(shu)千年(nian)以來沂(yi)蒙山(shan)地(di)區的(de)(de)人(ren)民群眾認識自然、改造自然文明(ming)成果的(de)(de)集中(zhong)展(zhan)示(shi),構組"內涵豐(feng)富(fu)、特色鮮明(ming)"的(de)(de)人(ren)文長卷(juan),彰顯"無(wu)私奉獻、艱苦奮(fen)斗、創造創新(xin)"的(de)(de)精神追求。