簡介
紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)安(an)七(qi)里坪(ping)(ping)(ping)鎮它是(shi)著名(ming)(ming)(ming)黃(huang)(huang)麻起義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)策源(yuan)地(di),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)工農(nong)(nong)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍三大(da)主力之一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)四方面軍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕生(sheng)(sheng)地(di),是(shi)全國(guo)僅次于井岡山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第二大(da)根據地(di)——鄂豫(yu)皖(wan)革命(ming)(ming)根據地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin),曾被(bei)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)(ming)(ming)為“列寧市”。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)安(an),原名(ming)(ming)(ming)黃(huang)(huang)安(an),位于大(da)別山(shan)南麓鄂豫(yu)兩省交界(jie)處,七(qi)十八年(nian)前(qian),一群年(nian)輕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)共產黨人領導(dao)當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)工發動了(le)(le)史稱“黃(huang)(huang)麻起義(yi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)武裝暴動,并以(yi)此為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)建(jian)立了(le)(le)鄂豫(yu)皖(wan)蘇(su)(su)維埃(ai)(ai)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)色政(zheng)權(quan)。整(zheng)個戰爭年(nian)代,共有(you)(you)14萬紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)安(an)兒女獻出了(le)(le)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming),從這片被(bei)血(xue)染紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)了(le)(le)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土地(di)上(shang)(shang)(shang),也才走出了(le)(le)董必(bi)武、李先(xian)念(nian)兩任共和國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)主席,還有(you)(you)韓先(xian)楚、秦基(ji)偉等(deng)威名(ming)(ming)(ming)顯赫(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)223名(ming)(ming)(ming)共和國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)軍。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)安(an)七(qi)里坪(ping)(ping)(ping)是(shi)第二次國(guo)內革命(ming)(ming)戰爭時期重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革命(ming)(ming)根據地(di)之一。1924年(nian)就建(jian)立了(le)(le)共產黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)織, 1927年(nian)11月,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共黃(huang)(huang)(安(an))麻(城(cheng))特(te)委根據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)“八七(qi)”會議精神,領到了(le)(le)著名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)麻起義(yi)。起義(yi)部(bu)隊在(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)七(qi)里坪(ping)(ping)(ping)誓(shi)師(shi),經過(guo)了(le)(le)激烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰斗攻克了(le)(le)黃(huang)(huang)安(an)縣城(cheng),成(cheng)立了(le)(le)黃(huang)(huang)安(an)縣農(nong)(nong)民革命(ming)(ming)政(zheng)權(quan),并建(jian)立了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)工農(nong)(nong)革命(ming)(ming)軍鄂東軍。1929年(nian),鄂豫(yu)根據地(di)形成(cheng),七(qi)里坪(ping)(ping)(ping)成(cheng)為根據地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin);1930年(nian)七(qi)里坪(ping)(ping)(ping)也被(bei)改名(ming)(ming)(ming)為“列寧市”。同(tong)年(nian)秋(qiu)在(zai)(zai)此召(zhao)開(kai)了(le)(le)鄂豫(yu)皖(wan)邊區第一次工農(nong)(nong)兵代表大(da)會,選舉了(le)(le)蘇(su)(su)維埃(ai)(ai)政(zheng)府成(cheng)員(yuan)。1931年(nian)11月,在(zai)(zai)七(qi)里坪(ping)(ping)(ping)組(zu)成(cheng)了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)工農(nong)(nong)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍第四方面軍,總指揮是(shi)徐向前(qian),陳昌浩(hao)任政(zheng)治委員(yuan)。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)安(an)七(qi)里坪(ping)(ping)(ping)革命(ming)(ming)舊址(zhi)保存完整(zheng),現存革命(ming)(ming)舊址(zhi)四十余處,有(you)(you)鄂豫(yu)皖(wan)特(te)區蘇(su)(su)維埃(ai)(ai)、革命(ming)(ming)法庭、工會、銀行、黃(huang)(huang)麻起義(yi)會場(chang)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共黃(huang)(huang)安(an)縣委駐地(di)、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍經濟(ji)公社、列寧小(xiao)學(xue)等(deng)。在(zai)(zai)七(qi)里坪(ping)(ping)(ping)鎮后山(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)建(jian)立了(le)(le)紀念(nian)碑,碑上(shang)(shang)(shang)鐫(juan)刻有(you)(you)董必(bi)武手(shou)書的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“革命(ming)(ming)烈士永垂不朽”八個大(da)字。
歷史沿革
紅安(an)七里(li)(li)坪是第(di)二次國內革(ge)命(ming)(ming)戰爭(zheng)時期重要的(de)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)地(di)(di)之一(yi)。1924年(nian)(nian)就建立了(le)(le)共產黨的(de)組織(zhi),1927年(nian)(nian)蔣介(jie)石(shi)發動“四一(yi)二”政(zheng)(zheng)變(bian)叛變(bian)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)后,這(zhe)里(li)(li)就成(cheng)為(wei)了(le)(le)黃(huang)麻地(di)(di)區(qu)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)活動的(de)策源地(di)(di)。1927年(nian)(nian)11月,中(zhong)共黃(huang)(安(an))麻(城(cheng))特委根(gen)據(ju)(ju)中(zhong)央“八七”會議精神,領(ling)到了(le)(le)著名的(de)黃(huang)麻起義。起義部隊在(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)七里(li)(li)坪誓師,經(jing)過(guo)了(le)(le)激(ji)烈的(de)戰斗攻克(ke)了(le)(le)黃(huang)安(an)縣(xian)城(cheng),成(cheng)立了(le)(le)黃(huang)安(an)縣(xian)農(nong)(nong)民革(ge)命(ming)(ming)政(zheng)(zheng)權,并(bing)建立了(le)(le)中(zhong)國工農(nong)(nong)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)軍(jun)鄂東(dong)軍(jun)。1929年(nian)(nian),鄂豫(yu)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)地(di)(di)形(xing)成(cheng),七里(li)(li)坪成(cheng)為(wei)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)地(di)(di)的(de)中(zhong)心(xin)。1930年(nian)(nian),鄂豫(yu)皖(wan)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)地(di)(di)形(xing)成(cheng),七里(li)(li)坪也被改名為(wei)“列寧市”,成(cheng)為(wei)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)地(di)(di)的(de)重要組成(cheng)部分。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)秋(qiu)在(zai)(zai)此召開了(le)(le)鄂豫(yu)皖(wan)邊(bian)區(qu)第(di)一(yi)次工農(nong)(nong)兵代表(biao)大會,選(xuan)舉了(le)(le)蘇維埃(ai)政(zheng)(zheng)府成(cheng)員。1931年(nian)(nian)11月,在(zai)(zai)七里(li)(li)坪組成(cheng)了(le)(le)中(zhong)國工農(nong)(nong)紅軍(jun)第(di)四方(fang)面軍(jun),總指揮是徐向前,陳(chen)昌(chang)浩(hao)任(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治委員。
紅安七里坪(ping)革(ge)(ge)命舊址保存完(wan)整,現存革(ge)(ge)命舊址四十余(yu)處,有鄂豫皖特區蘇(su)維埃、革(ge)(ge)命法庭、工會、銀行、黃麻起義(yi)會場、中(zhong)共黃安縣委駐地、紅軍經濟公社、列寧小(xiao)(xiao)學等。在七里坪(ping)鎮(zhen)后(hou)山上(shang)建立了紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)碑(bei),碑(bei)上(shang)鐫刻有董必武手書(shu)的(de)(de)“革(ge)(ge)命烈士永垂不朽”八個大字。七里坪(ping)革(ge)(ge)命紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)館(guan)設(she)在列寧小(xiao)(xiao)學舊址,陳列有革(ge)(ge)命的(de)(de)史料(liao)供(gong)后(hou)人參觀。