為了認真貫徹落實中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央、國務院(yuan)《全國紅色(se)(se)旅游發展(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)綱要》,保護(hu)利用革命(ming)歷史文(wen)(wen)化遺產,開(kai)展(zhan)愛國主(zhu)義和(he)(he)革命(ming)傳統(tong)教育,發展(zhan)紅色(se)(se)旅游,推動(dong)老區(qu)經濟(ji)發展(zhan),該縣先后(hou)聘(pin)請上(shang)海同濟(ji)城市(shi)規(gui)劃(hua)設計院(yuan)、陜(shan)西省文(wen)(wen)保中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)等專業(ye)機構編制了《馬(ma)欄革命(ming)舊(jiu)址文(wen)(wen)物維修保護(hu)規(gui)劃(hua)》和(he)(he)《馬(ma)欄紅色(se)(se)旅游景(jing)(jing)區(qu)修建(jian)性詳規(gui)》,于(yu)2008年正(zheng)式啟動(dong)文(wen)(wen)物維修保護(hu)及景(jing)(jing)區(qu)基(ji)礎設施建(jian)設工(gong)程。先后(hou)建(jian)成了馬(ma)欄革命(ming)紀念館(guan)、紀念廣場(chang)、水上(shang)劇場(chang),整修了烈士陵(ling)園(yuan),綠化了景(jing)(jing)區(qu),維修了馬(ma)欄關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分區(qu)(關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)委、陜(shan)西省委)、馬(ma)家堡關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特區(qu)、看花(hua)宮陜(shan)北(bei)公學(xue)等舊(jiu)址部分窯洞及房屋(wu)。建(jian)成馬(ma)欄革命(ming)傳統(tong)教育培訓中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)主(zhu)體工(gong)程。
翻開中(zhong)國(guo)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)史卷(juan),馬欄以其政(zheng)治(zhi)、經濟、文化、法制、軍(jun)事、政(zheng)權建設的(de)巨(ju)大功勛而彪炳史冊、輝(hui)耀(yao)神州(zhou)。革(ge)(ge)命(ming)戰爭年代,被譽為(wei)陜甘(gan)寧邊區的(de)南大門,中(zhong)國(guo)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)英才培(pei)養的(de)搖籃。
馬(ma)欄革(ge)(ge)命(ming)根據地(di)(di)曾是(shi)(shi)陜(shan)(shan)甘寧邊(bian)區(qu)的(de)(de)南大門。馬(ma)欄時稱“小關(guan)(guan)中(zhong)”,是(shi)(shi)關(guan)(guan)中(zhong)分(fen)區(qu)的(de)(de)“心腹”。雖(sui)然馬(ma)欄面積不及“大關(guan)(guan)中(zhong)”的(de)(de)八百里秦川(chuan),但其(qi)進(jin)可(ke)攻(gong)、退可(ke)守的(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略優(you)勢明顯。它曾是(shi)(shi)陜(shan)(shan)甘寧邊(bian)區(qu)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)南部屏障(zhang),更是(shi)(shi)其(qi)近距離俯視(shi)涇渭、劍指西安的(de)(de)前進(jin)基地(di)(di),也是(shi)(shi)許多(duo)(duo)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)青(qing)年北上(shang)延安的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)通道,還是(shi)(shi)我黨(dang)我軍購(gou)運戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略物資的(de)(de)必經之路。正因如此,國共(gong)兩黨(dang)兩軍才(cai)(cai)視(shi)其(qi)為戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略重(zhong)地(di)(di)而互不相讓(rang),封(feng)鎖(suo)(suo)與反封(feng)鎖(suo)(suo)、磨擦與反磨擦、革(ge)(ge)命(ming)與反革(ge)(ge)命(ming)的(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)火才(cai)(cai)在這里持續了二十多(duo)(duo)年。在這片紅色熱土上(shang),在中(zhong)共(gong)陜(shan)(shan)西各級地(di)(di)方黨(dang)組織領導(dao)下(xia),關(guan)(guan)中(zhong)分(fen)區(qu)軍民以山林為屏障(zhang),積極開展(zhan)游擊戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭,建立紅色政權,進(jin)行反圍剿戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)斗,保(bao)衛(wei)了延安、保(bao)衛(wei)了黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang),守衛(wei)了邊(bian)區(qu)的(de)(de)南大門,使紅色革(ge)(ge)命(ming)根據地(di)(di)不斷得到發展(zhan)壯大。
馬欄革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)根據地(di)曾是孕育(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)英(ying)才(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紅色搖籃。抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)時期,黨(dang)和(he)邊(bian)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)干部(bu)(bu),大(da)多數出(chu)身工農(nong),革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)積極(ji)性(xing)高,但仍(reng)缺乏(fa)馬列主義(yi)基(ji)本修養(yang)(yang),存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)種非無產階(jie)級(ji)思(si)想。盡(jin)(jin)管此時從全國各(ge)地(di)奔(ben)赴邊(bian)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)青年(nian)普遍(bian)有學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)識和(he)愛國熱(re)情,但絕大(da)多數青年(nian)尚是資(zi)產階(jie)級(ji)世(shi)界觀,不能適(shi)應民(min)族革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要。直至(zhi)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)初(chu)期,關中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分區(qu)(qu)還尚無一(yi)(yi)所中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)。為(wei)了(le)(le)提高革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)干部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)覺悟(wu)與能力,以(yi)給(gei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)急需(xu)干部(bu)(bu),并盡(jin)(jin)快適(shi)應民(min)族革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要,邊(bian)區(qu)(qu)黨(dang)組織在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)旬(xun)(xun)邑(yi)(yi)(yi)這個(ge)革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)青年(nian)奔(ben)赴延安(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必經(jing)要地(di),從1938年(nian)至(zhi)1948年(nian),這十年(nian)間(jian),先(xian)(xian)后有魯(lu)迅師范學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)、陜(shan)北公學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)榮譽軍(jun)(jun)(jun)人(ren)(ren)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)和(he)陜(shan)甘(gan)寧(ning)(ning)邊(bian)區(qu)(qu)第(di)二(er)師范等4所革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此辦(ban)(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)了(le)(le)眾多治黨(dang)治國治軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優秀(xiu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)。魯(lu)迅師范在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)馬家(jia)堡(今旬(xun)(xun)邑(yi)(yi)(yi)縣職田鎮轄)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)零四個(ge)月,累積培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生300多人(ren)(ren),成為(wei)了(le)(le)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)初(chu)期“為(wei)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)取國防教(jiao)育(yu)之模范”。陜(shan)北公學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)1938年(nian)7月在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)旬(xun)(xun)邑(yi)(yi)(yi)看花宮設(she)立(li)分校(xiao)(xiao),總校(xiao)(xiao)1939年(nian)1月從延安(an)遷來看花宮與分校(xiao)(xiao)合并。陜(shan)北公學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)旬(xun)(xun)邑(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)多時間(jian)里(li),先(xian)(xian)后辦(ban)(ban)(ban)班54個(ge),培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)戰(zhan)(zhan)干部(bu)(bu)6000多名(ming),吸收新黨(dang)員(yuan)3000多人(ren)(ren)。1938年(nian)底,抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)榮譽軍(jun)(jun)(jun)人(ren)(ren)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)遷到旬(xun)(xun)邑(yi)(yi)(yi)坪坊一(yi)(yi)帶。這所肩負著傷(shang)殘(can)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)人(ren)(ren)康復使命(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)旬(xun)(xun)邑(yi)(yi)(yi)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)多時間(jian),不但使數萬傷(shang)殘(can)榮譽軍(jun)(jun)(jun)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身體得(de)到了(le)(le)康復、精神得(de)到了(le)(le)新生,還使他(ta)們(men)提高了(le)(le)文化水平、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)會了(le)(le)建(jian)設(she)社(she)會主義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本領,從而重新走(zou)上(shang)了(le)(le)革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)和(he)建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)場。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)很多同志在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會主義(yi)建(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),都成為(wei)了(le)(le)各(ge)條戰(zhan)(zhan)線上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領導骨干,為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)和(he)建(jian)設(she)事(shi)(shi)業立(li)下(xia)了(le)(le)不朽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)勛(xun)。1940年(nian)3月,邊(bian)區(qu)(qu)為(wei)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)區(qu)(qu)鄉干部(bu)(bu)和(he)加強小學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)師資(zi)力量,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)旬(xun)(xun)邑(yi)(yi)(yi)馬家(jia)堡創辦(ban)(ban)(ban)了(le)(le)陜(shan)甘(gan)寧(ning)(ning)邊(bian)區(qu)(qu)第(di)二(er)師范。二(er)師在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)旬(xun)(xun)邑(yi)(yi)(yi)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)八年(nian)多時間(jian),先(xian)(xian)后六次搬遷、七(qi)次建(jian)校(xiao)(xiao),歷盡(jin)(jin)艱難坎坷(ke),培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生889名(ming)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)經(jing)受著國民(min)黨(dang)反動(dong)派不斷制(zhi)造(zao)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)磨擦(ca)、實行軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)封(feng)鎖、革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)形勢異(yi)常(chang)緊張的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia),馬欄革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)根據地(di)堅持“敵(di)來我走(zou),敵(di)走(zou)我辦(ban)(ban)(ban),邊(bian)走(zou)邊(bian)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)針(zhen),大(da)力發展教(jiao)育(yu)事(shi)(shi)業,為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)育(yu)了(le)(le)大(da)批優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)干部(bu)(bu)。從這里(li)走(zou)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)員(yuan),被(bei)分配(pei)到了(le)(le)全國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個(ge)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)場和(he)各(ge)條戰(zhan)(zhan)線上(shang),為(wei)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和(he)革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)勝利作(zuo)出(chu)了(le)(le)巨(ju)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻。
馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan)革命根據地(di)(di)曾(ceng)是關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)指揮中(zhong)(zhong)心。從(cong)1937年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)陜(shan)(shan)甘寧邊區(qu)(qu)(qu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)特區(qu)(qu)(qu)(1937年(nian)10月(yue)(yue)改(gai)稱關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)黨(dang)委(wei)(wei)(wei),習仲勛先后任關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)特委(wei)(wei)(wei)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)黨(dang)委(wei)(wei)(wei)書記)黨(dang)政軍機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)遷駐(zhu)旬(xun)邑(yi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)家堡起(qi),到1941年(nian)陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)省委(wei)(wei)(wei)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)分(fen)(fen)別遷駐(zhu)旬(xun)邑(yi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan),馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan)從(cong)此成為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)共陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)省委(wei)(wei)(wei)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)委(wei)(wei)(wei)首腦機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)駐(zhu)地(di)(di)和首府(fu),并成為(wei)陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)國(guo)統(tong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)下黨(dang)組(zu)織一切工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)策(ce)源(yuan)地(di)(di)和指揮中(zhong)(zhong)心。1945年(nian)7至(zhi)(zhi)8月(yue)(yue),張宗遜(xun)、習仲勛在馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan)指揮了爺臺山(shan)反擊戰。李(li)先念中(zhong)(zhong)原突圍后由陜(shan)(shan)南途經馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan),回到延(yan)安。彭德懷曾(ceng)在馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan)部署了西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)府(fu)戰役。直至(zhi)(zhi)1949年(nian)5月(yue)(yue)各首腦機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)遷離,馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan)作為(wei)首府(fu)存在了十(shi)個春(chun)秋(qiu)有余。這十(shi)年(nian)間,中(zhong)(zhong)共陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)省委(wei)(wei)(wei)、陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)省工(gong)委(wei)(wei)(wei)、中(zhong)(zhong)共關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)委(wei)(wei)(wei)領導分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)軍民(min)廣(guang)泛開展(zhan)大(da)生(sheng)產運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、抗日救(jiu)亡(wang)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、人民(min)支前運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)及關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)統(tong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)工(gong)作,發展(zhan)了生(sheng)產和貿易,滿足了革命根據地(di)(di)發展(zhan)和軍民(min)所需,建(jian)立了廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)統(tong)戰關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系,策(ce)動(dong)(dong)(dong)了眾多(duo)武裝起(qi)義,打破(po)了國(guo)民(min)黨(dang)軍的(de)(de)(de)經濟封鎖和軍事圍剿(jiao)計(ji)劃,把(ba)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan)建(jian)設成了關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)政治、經濟、文化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)心。1946年(nian)至(zhi)(zhi)1947年(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)共路(lu)東工(gong)委(wei)(wei)(wei)、路(lu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)工(gong)委(wei)(wei)(wei)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)府(fu)工(gong)委(wei)(wei)(wei)和河南省委(wei)(wei)(wei)、山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)省委(wei)(wei)(wei)先后遷駐(zhu)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan)辦公,馬(ma)(ma)(ma)欄(lan)(lan)曾(ceng)一度成為(wei)陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)革命大(da)本營。